Becoming a Competent Entrepreneur

It is often believed that competence is a combination of knowledge, skills and attitudes

which are required by employees in their jobs or tasks. The term competence is a broad concept
that consistently associates knowledge, skills, attitudes and motivations as dimensions that
competent entrepreneurs must be able to use in order to deal with the tasks and problems related
to their entrepreneurial actions. Thus, competence acknowledges the presence of suitable
attitudes might lead to the adoption of good practices.
One of the factors in personal competencies of a successful businessman or woman is the
leadership qualities which a businessman or woman must be able to lead his or her staff members
as well as other associates. He or she must be able to guide others in carrying out business and
make a success of it. Second is, decisive which entrepreneurs has to take many decisions
sometimes on the spur of the moment. Any vacillation in decisions could affect their business.
They have to be very firm in their decisions. Also, while taking decisions they must not get
influenced by others. They should be able to take decisions independently. Third, is risk taking.
Business involves many risks, which a business person must not hesitate to take. Lot of financial
involvement is there and obviously one has to be careful with investments. Yet risks have to be
taken in money matters as well. Sometimes a businessman may lose out on his or her venture,
but when he or she make a success of it then he or she has much to gain, both financially and
from a personal satisfaction point of view. Fourth, is confident. Achieving success in business
requires confidence. A businessman or businesswoman has to be sure of him or herself about
reaching the set targets of success. Diffidence does not help. Self-image is enhanced, when one is
confident. Fifth, is willingness. A businessperson must willing to undertake any matters
concerning their business venture. He or she must not hesitate for personal or other reasons.
Willingness to extend a helping hand is very essential. Sixth, is enterprising. One has to have the
zeal to do things. A laid-back approach will not help. Lastly, innovative which new ideas help
make a business venture successful. A successful businessman or woman must be innovative
and always strive for something better. New concepts must be formulated and new ways has to
very competent to achieve scale the ladder of success. Certain attributes are essential for him or
her to establish their business on sound footing.

Shrimp Kropek Process

Shrimp Kropek are also known as shrimp crackers, another favorite Pulutan for a
budget drinking session. Shrimp Kropek are light, puffy and flavorful crispy crackers
that often served as a side dish for fried and roast dishes on Chinese cuisines. Shrimp
Kropek is a deep fried cracker, a popular snack or appetizer here in the Philippines and
we call it kropek. It is usually made from starch or powdered shrimp from shrimps head
and perfect with chili vinegar dip.
In Indonesia, the term krupuk refers to the type of relatively large crackers, while
the term kripik or keripik refers to smaller bite-size crackers; the counterpart of chips (or
crisps) in western cuisine. For example, potato chips are called kripik kentang in
Indonesia. Both terms; krupuk and kripik sound like the breaking or crumbling of this
crispy snack to denote its crispiness.Usually krupuk is made from the dried paste from
the mixture of starch with other ingredients, while kripik is usually made entirely from
thinly sliced, sun-dried, and fried products without any mixture of starch.
Shrimp Kropek Ingredients:

1/8 kilo Shrimp

1/2 kilo Rice flour

1/2 tsp Magic Sarap

3 tbsps. Lime water

1 tsp. Sugar

2 drops of Yellow food coloring

1 egg, well-beaten

4 cups water

1-1/2 tsp. Salt

To cook shrimp kropek, first pour all dry ingredients in a bowl, mix well. (Note:
the bowl must be a glass bowl or plastic bowl, do not use metal bowl). Next, prepare the
Shrimp. Wash the shrimp then place in a pan and cooked for 3 minutes, remove the
shells and set aside the shrimp heads. (You can use this on other dish such as Laswa).
Add the water, egg, and shrimp flesh in a blender, then blend for 2 to 3 minutes. Now mix
the dry ingredients and the shrimp mixture then add the food coloring and stir very well
until it forms into a thick batter. Cook the batter using a steamer. Spread the batter in an
aluminum container evenly by tilting the pan on its sides, thus coating the bottom of the
pan evenly. Make about 1 cm. thick. Steam the aluminum pan inside the steamer for
about 5 minutes or until the batter has solidified and looks transparent. Cool by placing
the aluminum pan in a larger pan filled with iced water. Now remove the cooked kropek

from the pan, make sure not to tear it. Place the kropek on a cookie tray to dry for about
30 to 40 minutes, once dried cut the kropek into squares of desired sizes or about 2 cm.
each. Or you can use a small cookie cutter to make rounded shaped kropek. Place the
Shrimp Kropek on a separate tray to completely dry. When thoroughly dry, deep fry the
kropek pieces in hot Canola oil until crispy. When cooked place in a paper towel to dry
out the oil.

Motorcycle

A motorcycle (also called a motorbike, bike, or cycle) is a two or three-wheeled motor

vehicle. Motorcycle design varies greatly to suit a range of different purposes: long
distance travel, commuting, cruising, sport including racing, and off-road riding. Motorcycling is
riding a motorcycle and related social activity such as joining a motorcycle club and attending
motorcycle rallies. In 1894, Hildebrand & Wolfmller became the first series production
motorcycle, and the first to be called a motorcycle. In 2014, the three top motorcycle producers
globally by volume were Honda, Yamaha (both from Japan), and Hero Moto Corp(India).
Motorcycles are usually a luxury good in the developed world, where they are used mostly for
recreation, as a lifestyle accessory or a symbol of personal identity. In developing countries,
motorcycles are overwhelmingly utilitarian due to lower prices and greater fuel economy. Of all
the motorcycles in the world, 58% are in the Asia-Pacific and Southern and Eastern Asia regions,
excluding car-centric Japan. According to the United States Department of Transportation the
number of fatalities per vehicle mile traveled was 37 times higher for motorcycles than for cars.
The term motorcycle has different legal definitions depending on jurisdiction. There are
three major types of motorcycle: street, off-road, and dual purpose. Within these types, there are
many sub-types of motorcycles for different purposes. There is often a racing counterpart to each
type, such as road racing and street bikes, or motocross and dirt bikes. Street bikes
include cruisers, sports bikes, scooters and mopeds, and many other types. Off-road motorcycles
include many types designed for dirt-oriented racing classes such as motocross and are not street
legal in most areas. Dual purpose machines like the dual-sport style are made to go off-road but
include features to make them legal and comfortable on the street as well. Each configuration
offers either specialised advantage or broad capability, and each design creates a different riding
posture.The first internal combustion, petroleum fueled motorcycle was the Daimler Reitwagen.
It was designed and built by the German inventorsGottlieb Daimler and Wilhelm
Maybach in Bad Cannstatt, Germany in 1885.
This vehicle was unlike either the safety bicycles or the boneshaker bicycles of the era in
that it had zero degrees of steering axis angle and no fork offset, and thus did not use the
principles of bicycle and motorcycle dynamics developed nearly 70 years earlier. Instead, it
relied on two outrigger wheels to remain upright while turning. The inventors called their
invention the Reitwagen ("riding car"). It was designed as an expedient test bed for their new
engine, rather than a true prototype vehicle. The first commercial design for a self-propelled
cycle was a three-wheel design called the Butler Petrol Cycle, conceived of Edward Butler
in England in 1884. He exhibited his plans for the vehicle at the Stanley Cycle Show in London
in 1884. The vehicle was built by the Merry weather Fire Engine company in Greenwich, in
1888. The Butler Petrol Cycle was a three-wheeled vehicle, with the rear wheel directly driven
by a 5/8hp (466W) 600 cc (40 in3; 25-inch {57127-mm}) flat twin four stroke engine
(with magneto ignition replaced by coil and battery) equipped with rotary valves and a float-fed
carburettor (five years before Maybach) and Ackermann steering, all of which were state of the
art at the time. Starting was by compressed air. The engine was liquid-cooled, with
a radiator over the rear driving wheel. Speed was controlled by means of a throttle valve lever.
No braking system was fitted; the vehicle was stopped by raising and lowering the rear driving
wheel using a foot-operated lever; the weight of the machine was then borne by two small castor
wheels. The driver was seated between the front wheels. It wasn't, however, a success, as Butler
failed to find sufficient financial backing. Many authorities have excluded steam
powered, electric motorcycles or diesel-powered two-wheelers from the definition of a

'motorcycle', and credit the Daimler Reitwagen as the world's first motorcycle. Given the rapid
rise in use of electric motorcycles worldwide, defining only internal-combustion powered twowheelers as 'motorcycles' is increasingly problematic. If a two-wheeled vehicle with steam
propulsion is considered a motorcycle, then the first motorcycles built seem to be the
French Michaux-Perreaux steam velocipede which patent application was filled in December
1868, constructed around the same time as the AmericanRoper steam velocipede, built
by Sylvester H. Roper Roxbury, Massachusetts. who demonstrated his machine at fairs and
circuses in the eastern U.S. in 1867, Roper built about 10 steam cars and cycles from the 1860s
until his death in 1896.

Typewriter

A typewriter is a mechanical or electromechanical machine for writing in characters

similar to those produced by printer's movable typeby means of keyboard-operated types striking
a ribbon to transfer ink or carbon impressions onto paper. Typically one character is printed on
each keypress. The machine prints characters by making ink impressions of type elements
similar to the sorts used in movable typeletterpress printing. At the end of the nineteenth century
the term typewriter was also applied to a person who used such a machine. After their invention
in the 1860s, typewriters quickly became indispensable tools for practically all writing other than
personal correspondence. They were widely used by professional writers, in offices, and for
business correspondence in private homes. By the end of the 1980s, word
processors and personal computers had largely displaced typewriters in most of these uses in
the Western world, but as of the 2010s the typewriter is still prominent in many parts of the
world, including India.
The first electric typewriter was produced by the Blickensderfer Manufacturing
Company, of Stamford, Connecticut, in 1902. Like the manual Blickensderfer typewriters, it
used a cylindrical typewheel rather than individual typebars. It was not a commercial success,
which may have been because at the time electricity had not been standardized and voltage
differed from city to city. The next step in the development of the electric typewriter came in
1910, when Charles and Howard Krum filed a patent for the first practicalteletypewriter. The
Krums' machine, named the Morkrum Printing Telegraph, used a typewheel rather than
individual typebars. This machine was used for the first commercial teletypewriter system on
Postal Telegraph Company lines between Boston and New York City in 1910.
The first Olympia typewriter was invented in 1903, but the first successful Olympia
model, the Model 3, was released in 1923. Olympia typewriters were most successful in
Germany, the country of invention, but between 1950 and 1970, manufacturing facilities were
opening in Canada, Ireland, Mexico, and Chile. The Olympia portable typewriters were the most
popular out of all the different models that Olympia produced. Olympia typewriters were known
for their "craftsmanship, eye-catching design, and continuous innovation." Some of the Olympia
typewriters novel features were individually spring-loaded keys, which provided extra comfort
and cushioning; different colors like caramel, mint aquamarine, and pink; and script-typing
options. There was even a one-handed version of an Olympia typewriter, the Model 8, for
disabled users.
James Fields Smathers of Kansas City invented what is considered the first practical
power-operated typewriter in 1914. In 1920, after returning from Army service, he produced a
successful model and in 1923 turned it over to the Northeast Electric Company of Rochester for
development. Northeast was interested in finding new markets for their electric motors and
developed Smathers's design so that it could be marketed to typewriter manufacturers, and from
1925 Remington Electric typewriters were produced powered by Northeast's motors. After some
2,500 electric typewriters had been produced, Northeast asked Remington for a firm contract for
the next batch. However, Remington was engaged in merger talks which would eventually result
in the creation of Remington Rand and no executives were willing to commit to a firm order.

Northeast instead decided to enter the typewriter business for itself, and in 1929 produced the
first Electromatic Typewriter.
In 1928, Delco, a division of General Motors, purchased Northeast Electric, and the
typewriter business was spun off as Electromatic Typewriters, Inc. In 1933, Electromatic was
acquired by IBM, which then spent 1 million USD on a redesign of the Electromatic Typewriter,
launching the IBM Electric Typewriter Model 01 in 1935. By 1958 IBM was deriving 8% of its
revenue from the sale of electric typewriters. In 1931, an electric typewriter was introduced by
Varityper Corporation.

Grocery and Convenience Store

Many people use the terms grocery and convenience stores interchangeably because the
two businesses seem similar. They sell a lot of the same products, offer common services, and
locations are plentiful in almost every city and town. While the line between the two store types
is getting fuzzier as grocery stores offer more services and convenience stores grow their product
offerings, there are still some key difference between the two.
Most grocery stores offer a wide variety of food products, including perishable items like
meat, produce and dairy, along with general merchandise items like cleaning supplies, paper
products, and health/beauty care products. Convenience stores' inventory is typically limited to
high-convenience items and food basics that people commonly use and need quickly, such as
toilet paper, soft drinks, and microwavable and prepared foods. Grocery stores also sell many
different name-brand products whereas convenience stores carry only a few brands.
The biggest difference in services between a grocery and convenience store is that the
latter usually sells gasoline. About 80 percent of convenience stores sell gasoline and these stores
accounted for approximately 80 percent of gasoline sales in the United States annually according
to "NACS" magazine in February 2011. Convenience stores also offer money order and wire
services, however many grocery stores are now providing these services, along with dry
cleaning/laundry, photo processing, banking, floral, and pharmaceutical services. Convenience
stores aren't far behind, though. Some are expanding to offer these services as well.
Grocery stores tend to be larger in size than convenience stores with an average size of
46,000 square feet. The average convenience store is 4,700 square feet -- 2,800 square feet of
sales area and 1,900 square feet of nonsales area reported "NACS" in May 2009.
Many convenience stores are independently owned and are often part of a franchise of
convenience store chains, while the majority of grocery stores are part of a chain that is run by a
national or regional corporation. These stores also differ in their hours of operation. Convenience
stores offer longer business hours and are open on most holidays, whereas grocery stores have
shorter hours and are closed during some holidays.

Business
Communication
Submitted by :
Novem R. De La Cruz
Submitted to :
Miss Elizabeth Porlas