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Research 5 year plan- changed Russia economically

Heavy influence on coal and iron


Modernised Russia from agricultural to modern industrialisation
Heading the industrialisation drive , the commisiariat heavy industry was
by Sergo Ordzhonikidze 1930-7 . The 5 year plan focused on iron and
steel, pushing the established metallurgical plants of Ukraine to maximum
output and constructing massive new complexes like Magnitogorsk in the
Southern Urals from scratch. The machine tool industry was rapidly
expanded in order to free the country from dependence on machinery
imports from abroad.
Investments in coal, electric power and railways
Everything turned into state owned and controlled urban economy,
distribution and trade. By early 1930s artisans and small shopkeepers had
been put out of business or forced into state supervised cooperatives
During the 5 year plan -Investments for the future Nizhny Novgorod
(Gorky) Auto, Stalingrad and Kharkov Tractor, Kutnetsk and Magnitogorsk
Metallurgical, Dneiper (Zaporozhe) Steel were all construction projects
swallowing up enormous resources but to only come into full production
1932 under the Second 5 year plan
In the first five year plan, which ended in 1934, there was a fifty percent increase in
industrial output with an average annual growth rate of eighteen percent, while the
population of industrial workers doubled. Much of this success can be attributed to the
zeal with which the workers approached their work; they were mobilized as if for war, and
were willing to accept lower standards of living as sacrifice for building a modern

industrial infrastructure and economy.


Between 1928 and 1932 the number of employed jumped from 11.5 million to 24 million
the end of the 1930s they made up forty percent of the industrial workforce- woman
During the first five year plan (1929-1934) there was a fifty percent increase in overall
industrial output and an average annual growth rate of eighteen percent

Cultural Revolution
-

Liquidation of the reorganization as a class was a focal point of


Communist Activiy
Purpose of Cultural Revolution was to establish both asserting party
control over cultural life and opening up the administrative and
professional elite to a new cohort of fe and opening up the administrative
and professional elite to a new cohort of young Communists and workers.
We are fifty or a hundred years behind the advanced countries. We must make good this
difference in ten years. Either we do it, or we shall be crushed

Increased IndustryCollectivisation- unite farms in each village to make one collective farm
-

This was due to the farms unable to produce for the nation
Farmers rebelled by burning their crops and killing their stock

By 1939 99% of land had been collectivised where gov took 90% of the
crops

Why did Stalin collectivise the farms?

He wanted
He needed
He needed
He wanted
not communism.

more food to feed the workers in industry.


a surplus of food to sell overseas to bring money into the country.
people to leave the land and go to work in industry.
an excuse to destroy the kulaks, who believed in private ownership,

How successful was collectivisation?


1.

Stalin achieved most of his aims:

o
o
o
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Grain production rose to nearly 100 million tonnes in 1937, although the
numbers of animals never recovered.
Russia sold large quantities of grain to other countries.
Some 17 million people left the countryside to go to work in the towns.
The kulaks were eliminated.
The peasants were closely under the government's control.

https://www.mindmeister.com/123298722/to-what-extent-did-stalin-transformthe-society-and-economy-of-the-soviet-union

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