10/8/2016

DetailsofAlmanacPanchanga|ShivalliBrahmins

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DetailsofAlmanacPanchanga

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Dr.SathyanarayanaAcharya,
Lecturer,PoornaprajnaVidhyapeeta,Bangalore.

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Prof.G.S.Mudambadithaya

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Pancha means five and anga means parts. Panchanga, as the word suggests comprises five aspects.
They are Tithi, Vara (day) Nakshatra (star), Yoga and Karana. They change every day, Months,
fortnightsandseasonschange,butthedaydoesnotchange,buttodaystithiandvaraarenotthesame
tomorrow. It is the same case with nakshatra, yoga and karana. These five aspects change and the
panchangacomprisesthesefiveaspects.
Thebookwhichgivesdetailsaboutthesefiveaspectsispanchanga.
But when we open the page of a panchanga, we get confused. these five aspects are represented by
symbols and we find it difficult to understand them. A panchanga gives us details such as the year,
seasons, rithus, months, seasons, day of planets, details of preparing horoscopes, aspects of planets,
favorableandunfavorabletime(VishaandAmrutha)andotherauspicioustimeforcelebrations,beside
givingdetailsaboutthefiveaspectsmentionedearlier.Thefiveaspectsareindicatedbythefirstletters
ofwordsrelatingtothem.

Panchanga

Before we try to understand panchanga let us try to know some basic things about Tithi, Vara,
Nakshatra,YogaandKarana.

Shreenudi

Tithi:

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Amonthhasfortnightnamelythebrighterhalf(Shuklapaksha)andthedarkerhalfofthemoon(Krishna
paksha) From the full moon day (Pournami) when he shines in all glory, appears to grow smaller. He
goes on losing one aspect (of the sixteen) each day and totally disappears on the newmoon day
(Amavasya)In this way from the full moon day (Pournami) he goes on losing one brighter aspect each
dayandthatphaseofthemooniscalledKrishnapaksha.Fromthispoint,hebeginstogrowbrighterand
bigger and we see him in all his glory on the full moon day and these fifteen days from the
Shuklapaksha. We have fifteen tithis on these two parts. In all there are 30 tithis. In fact, there are
sixteentithisinamonth.Thefourteenineachhalfgoonchanging.

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The first, second, third and fourth tithis are named Padya, Bidige, Tadige and counts. We have to note
that these names are not Sanskrit words. While doing samskalpa for a pooja, some people say
Padyayam Shukla tithou. It is wrong. This is equal to saying Sunday vasare, instead of saying
Ravivasare.SomeothersayPadyamyamtithou.WeshouldnotaddasanskritinflectiontoanonSanskrit
word.Itisaformofcorruption.Heisacceptabletoadd.TheseventhinflectionmeetoPratipadandsay
PratipadishubhatithouorPrathamayamshubhatithou.
Adaycomprisessixyghalige.(oneghaligeisequalto24minutes).Atthispoint,wehavetoremember
thatallthithisarenotaslongassixtyghalige.Someareshorterandsomearelonger.Whentwotithis
whichareshorterthansixtyghaligecomeoneaftertheother,oneofthetwoismarkeduparimeaning
besides.Thatmeanssixtithiswillbeoverinfive.Thishappenswhenthetithiabsentatsunriseandthat
tithiisconsideredupari.Ontheotherhandwhentwotithislongerthan60ghaligesappearoneafterthe
other, sometimes one tithi is considered to be present on two days. As a result of this, sometimes, we
comeacrosstwopadyaorekadashiappearingontwodayscontinuously.
Thereigningtithiatsunriseshouldbetakenasthetithioftheday.(onlyinthecaseofpitrukaryassuch
as Shradda, the prevalent tithi is taken into account). The reigning length of the time of tithi is clearly
mentionedinthepanchanga.Forexample,anentrysuchasDashami3.15meansthatthetithiDashami
laststhreeghaligeand15Vighaligefromthesunrise.(Oneghaligeisequaltobevighalige)Ifthesun
riseisat6.00a.m.,Dashamitithilaststillabout7.30a.m.ThenEkadashiisgoingtobethetithiforthe
day,butforallpracticalpurposeswehavetotakeDashamithetithiforthewholeday.
every tithi has its own reigning deity. Astrologers recommend appearing rituals performed in the name
ofthereigningdeityofthetithiincasethereareproblemsrelatingtothattithi.Atableisgivenbelowto
halfthegeneralpublictohaveaclearunderstandingoftithis.
Sl.No

SymbolicLetter

tithi

AlternateName

Reigningdeity

Thewaysankalpacanbe
done

Pra.Prathama

Pratipad

Padya

Yajneshwara

Pratipadi(Prathamayam)

Dwi

Dwitiya

Bidige

Twashtr

Dwitiyayam

Tr

Tritiya

Tadige

Parvati

Tritiyayam

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Cha

Chaturthi

Chouti

Ganapathi

Chaturthyam

Pam

Panchami

Sarpa

Panchamyam

Sha

Shashti

Skanda

Shshtyam

Sa

Saptami

Surya

Saptamyam

Ashtami

Eshwara

Ashtamyam

Na

Navami

Ashtavasy

Navamyam

10

Da

Dashami

Iravata

Dashamyam

11

Ekadashi

Haridina

Dharma

Ekadashyam

12

Dwa

Dwadashi

Vishnu

Dwadashyam

13

Tra

Trayodashi

Manmatha

Trayodashyam

14

Chat

Chaturdashi

Kalipurusha

Chaturdashyam

15

Pou

Pournami

Hunnime

Chandra

Poornimayam
(Pournamyam)

16

Am

Amavasya

Pitrudevas

Amavasyayam

Vara:
Aclusterofsevendaysiscalledvara(week).Inrealityaweekisnotsynonymouswithourconceptof
vara. They are individual days named after seven grahas (planets) excluding Rahu and Ketu. Days
changeatSunrise.InthePanchagatheyareindicatedbythefirstlettersoftheirnames.
Sign

Days

AlternateName

ReigningDiety

Ra

Ravivara

Bhanuvasara/
Adityavasara

Shiva

Cha

Chandravara

Somavasara/
Induvasara

Durga

Ku

Kujavara

Mangalavasara/
Boumyavasara

Shanmukha

Bu

Budhavara

Soumyavasara

Vishu

Gu

Guruvara

Brihaspativasara

Brahma

Shu

Shukravara

Bhargavavasara

Indra

Sha

Shanivara

Mandavasara/
Sthiravasara

Yoga

Nakshatra:
Dakshaprajapatihadsixtydaughter.Twentysevenofthemweremarriedoff.Thosetwentysevenarethe
consorts of Chandra. It is an interesting thing that all those twenty seven names are not in feminine
gender. Shravana and moola are in the neuter gender while Pushya and Hasta are in the masculine
gender.ThereforereferringtothemasHastaNakshatre,orMoolaNakshatre,theuseofthelongvowel
at the end of the name is not acceptable. therefore use the short vowel at the end of the name Moola
nakshatreorHastanakshatreispreferred.
Chandrainhisrevolutionarycoursetravelsfromonenakshatratotheothereveryday.Hewillbethere
in one nakshatra for the whole day. That nakshatra is called the nitya nakshatra. Surya (the sun) will
stayinonenakshatraforabout13days.Thatnakshattraiscalledthenakshatra.Thereisareferenceto
theMahanakshatrainthepanchangas,whichfollowsourasystemandpublishedfromUdupi.
Ineverypanchanga,thedaysareindicatedbytheirfirstletter.Theyareprintedaftertithiandvarathis
entry is followed by the lenth of its being present in terms of ghaligas. This indicates the length of the
reignofthatnakshatraftersunriseonagivenday.ForexampleAshvi15meansAshviniNakshatra
istherefor15ghaligas(sixhours)fromsunrise.Thefollowingtableindicatesnakshatra,rashiandtheir
reigningdeities.
Sl.No

Symbol

Nakshatra

RelatedRashi

Reigning

As

Ashwini

Mesha

Ashwini

Bha

Bharani

Mesha

Yama

Kri

Krittika

Mesha/Vrishabha

Agni

Ro

Rohini

Vrishabha

Brahma

Mri

Mrigashira

Vrishabha/Mithuna

chandra

Ar

ardra

Mithuna

Rudra

Pu

Punarvasu

Mithuna/Karkataka

Aditi

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Pus

Pushya

Karkataka

Brihaspati

Asl

Ashlesha

Karkataka

Sarpa

10

Ma

Magha

Simha

Pitru

11

Poo

PoorvaPhalguni

Simha

Surya

12

Utta

UttaraPhalguni

Simha/Kanya

Aryama

13

Ha

Hasta

Kanya

Savitri

14

Chi

Chitra

Kanya/Tula

twashtra

15

Swa

Swathi

Tula

Vasu

16

Vi

Vishakha

Tula/Vrischika

Indrani

17

Anu

Anuradha

Vrischika

Mitra

18

Jye

Jyeshta

Vrischika

Chandra

19

Moo

Moola

Dhanu

Nrithi

20

Poo

Poorvashada

Dhanu

Aapah

21

U.sha

Uttarabhadra

Dhanu/Makara

Vishwedeva

22

Shra

Shravana

Makara

Vishnu

23

Dha

Dhanishta

Makara/Kumbha

Ashtavasu

24

Sha

Shatabhisha

Kumbha

Varuna

25

Puba

Poorvabhadra

Kumbha/Meena

Brahma/Ajaikapath

26

Ubha

Uttarabhaadra

Meena

Brahma

27

Re

Revathi

Meena

Pooshan

Yoga:
Dictionaries have given over twenty five meanings to the word yoga. In panchangas, it is used as a
common uses and refer to twenty seven yogas starting from Vishkambha yoga. As in the case of
nakshatras, yoga also lasts for sixty ghaligas. It changes every day. The name of the yoga is indicated
bytheletterasitssymbolfollowedbyitslengthindicatedinghaligasfromsunrise.AnentryVari10
means the yoga variyan reigns for 10 ghaligas from sun rise during that day. SSmrithi literature has
identified reigning deities for each yoga. There are 27 yogas. Among them Vyateepata and Vaidhriti
yogaashaveassumedgreatimportance.InKrishnacharyaYoga,itismentionedthatondayswhenthese
yogas appear are have to eat only one and have to follow certain vritas. (Shraddha, feeding brahmins
etc.)
VyateepatoMahayogahSarvakaryeshuSiddhidah|
Dritistudhairyadanityam||
It is considered to be an auspicious time to some panchangas they are printed in bold letters. The
followingtablegivesusthedetailsaboutyogas.
Sl.
No.

Symbol

Yoga

ReigningDeity

Vki

Vishkambha

Vishvedeva

Pree

Preeti

Maruth

Aye

Ayushman

Hiranyagarbha

Sau

Soubhagya

Durga

Sho

Shobhana

Prithvi

Ath

Athiganda

Aditi

Dhr

Sukarma

Surya

Shoo

Dhruti

Ratri

Gan

Shoola

Indra

10

Gan

Ganda

Maruth

11

Vri

Vridhi

Ratri

12

Dhru

Dhruva

Agni

13

Vya

Vyaghata

Hari

14

Har

Harshana

Indra

15

Va

Vajra

Hiranyagarbha

16

Si

Siddhi

Vayu

17

Vya

Vyateepaata

Agni

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18

Paree

Pareeyan

Hari

19

Pari

Parigha

Indra

20

Shi

Shiva

Indra

21

Sdhi

Siddha

Hiranyagarbha

22

Sa

Sadhya

Vayu

23

Shu

Shubha

PavamanaSoma

24

Shu

Shukla

Prithvi

25

Bra

Brahma

Indra

26

Em

Endra

Vishedeva

27

Vai

Vaidriti

Maruth

Karana:
Karanas are eighteen in number. The first seven of them are considered shthira Karanas, the last four
areconsideredcharaKaranasbyastrology.AtithihastwoKaranasruleaday.charakaranasbeginonthe
second half the brighter side of the moon (shuklapaksha) and continue to rule till the fourteenth day of
the darker of the moon (Krishna paksha) and recur regularly. The four Shukla Karanas on the second
partofKrishnacaturdashiandcontinuetoruletillthesecondpartofShuklapadyami.Theyappearonce
amonth.
SthiraKaranas

caraKaranas

Bhava

Shakuni

Balava

Catushpada

Kaulava

Nagavan

Thrishila

Kimsthugna

Gara
Vanija
Bhadra

VishaandAmritha:
There is a referance to Visha and Amrutha besides the five aspects in every pancanga. When he fail in
our endeavors, we we grumble for having began the work in an inauspicious time. Vishaghalige is not
auspicioustobeginanywork.ItisalwaysadvisabletobeginaworkinAmruthaghalige.
The entry Vi means Visha and Aa means Amrutha. Four ghaligas (96 mts) after the time entered
againstViorAawillhaveVishaorAmruthaghaliga.(pleasenotethatitisnotuptothetimeentered
thatwehaveeitherVishaoramruthaghaligas)
when a Nakshatra runs for the entire period of 60 ghaligas, Visha and Amrutha will be there for four
ghaligasrespectively.Whenthedurationofthenakshatraislessthan60ghaligas,durationofVishaand
Amrutha varies. That means four ghaligas after the time specified, the influence of VIsha and Amrutha
willbepresent.Forexampletheentriesvi3231andAm4015meanthatVishasetsinafter32ghaligas
andlastsforfourghaligas(from6.00to7.30p.m.)andAmruthasetsin43ghaligasaftersunriseand
lastsforfourghaligas(10.00to11.30p.m.)
WheneitherVishaorAmruthasetinthelastpartofthenight,theireffectswillbecarriedforwardand
threeghaligasaftersunrisethetwowillhavetheiraffect.
AftertheentryofVishaandAmrutha,weseeanentrywhichhighlightsthespecialfeaturesofthedayif
any:Nadhva Navami, Mahaveer Jayanthi and so on. Then we find the changne in the movements of
grahas e.g. Anu3, ku 18 after sun rise 18 ghaligas later kuja (Mars) enters the third part of Anuradha
nakshatra.InthesamewayVrishabhaBudhah,HasteArkah
In same entries we come across Uttama Manwadi, Koorma Kalpadi, Tretayugadi and other details. It
maybeunderstoodastherearefourteenManvantarasinaKalpa.InthepresentShwethavarahaKalpa
,sixManvantarasbeginningwithSwayambuhavebeenoverandnowitisVaivaswataManwantara.The
day each Manwantara began, is indicuted by the namem of the ruling Manwantara with an additional
word Manwadi. For example, the first day of Uttama Manwantara is referred to as Uttamamanwadi. In
thesameway,wehaveSwayambhuvaManwadietc.
TheCreator,BrahmasonedaytimeisconsideredoneKalpa.ThousandsofsuchKalpashavebeenover
sincethecreationofthisworld.NowBrahmashascompletedfiftyofhishundredyears.Heisinitsfifty
first year. It is the twenty sixth day of the first month of his fifty first year. This day is called
ShwethavarahaKalpa.ThisKalpabeganonchandraYugadi.Panchangashighlightthebeginningofother
famousKalpassuchasKoormaKalpadiandsoon.
TherearetwentyonesequenceofChaturyugas.InthepresentVaivaswathaManwantara,27Chaturyugas
are over and the last Kaliyuga of the 28th Chaturyuga Cycle is on. Panchangas refer the beginning of
TretaandDwaparaYugas.
Panchangas have many such details, basically the details given above would be enough to have clear
understandingofthepanchanga.LetusnowanalyseadaysentryofMysorePanchanga.
9thapril1977
Monthof

Bu.Dwitee17.1(Ha.16)Bhara46.25(Ra.12.52)Va:Dwitee18.53
Vishka8.55koula17.1Vi13.3Amrutha36.32MatsyaJayanthi.Si.Va.

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Meena

Triteeya.Bhara1Budha10.49

Wecanunderstanditwithoutconfusion.Itis9thAprilinSourasystem,itis27thofthemonthofMeena,
Wednesday, tithi Bidige. 17 ghalige and 1Phala, that means tithi Bidige extends up to one hour six
minutes after midday (1.6p.m.) The reigning nakshatra Bharani 46 ghalige 25 Phala meena, it extends
upto8.55ghaligeKaulaKaranarulesupto17.1ghalige.Vishaghaligebegins13.3ghaligasaftersunrise
and be there for four ghaligas. Amruthakla bigins 39.32 ghaliges after Sunrise. This day is Matsya
Jayanthi.(AccordingSiddhanthaVakyaGanithathetithioftheistritiya).BudhaentersBharaniNakshatra
fromthelastquarterofAshwiniNakshatra.Thereisalotmoretolearnaboutpanchanga.
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24ResponsestoDetailsofAlmanacPanchanga
KIRANKUMARY
January17th,2010at19:03:40

Hi,
IrequireacopyofUdupiPanchanga(Aryabhateeya).CouldIpurchaseitbyonlineinternetshoppingplease?Please
providemethedetails.
Thanks&BestRegards,
KiranKumar.Y

WilliamAdelson
March15th,2010at01:26:11

DearSirs
IwouldliketopurchaseaHindualmanacPanchangahowshouldIgoaboutdoingthat?Thankyouforyour
response.
BillAdelson

krishnajirao
December23rd,2010at18:20:48

Sir,
AccordingoneSanskritprofessorDoctorlearnedThulumadwabrahmin.
Dwithiyyamiscorect.Dwithiyayamisincorrect.
Thrithiyyamiscorrect.
Amavasyamiscorrect.
Chathurthiamiscorrect.
Prathipadyamiscorrect.
Pleaselookintothechartforthithigiveninthisarticle.andrectifythemifagreeable.
Withnamaskarsandregards.
VKRAO

MKShukla
May23rd,2011at10:03:53

Iwanthindipanchangof1961.CountryIndiaPlaceUjjain(MadhyaPradesh).IamreadytopayforitKindlyletme
knowhowcanIpaytogetit

BalachandraAchar
May25th,2011at09:05:28

1961Panchanga
http://www.mypanchang.com/panchang.php?
getdata=getcity&yr=1961&cityname=IST&cityhead=Indian%20Time%20Zone
ChooseeitheramAvAsyAntorpUrNimAntpanchangam

divakarrai
November5th,2011at13:03:15

aseaofinformation.helpfulforeveryindividual.knowledgeisapartoflight.lightdoesnotdiscriminatebetweenpoor,
rich,castecreed,religion.ifoneunderstandsthisbasicandfollowsittherewillbepeacealaround.lotandlotsof
thanksfortheabundantinformationprovided

ASHOK
October11th,2012at06:34:34

VERYMUCHINFORMATIVE
THANKS
ASHOK

Ram
October29th,2012at20:42:14

Hi,
DetailsaboutKaranaisnotproper.Pleaseupdate.
NumberofKaranasis11,not18.
First7KaranasareCharakaranasandlast4aresthirakaranas.

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charakaranasbeginonthesecondhalftheshuklapratipad(1sttithiduringbrightersideofthemoonshuklapaksha)
andcontinuetoruletillthe1sthalfoffourteenthdayofthedarkerofthemoon(Krishnapaksha)andrecurregularly.
ThefourShuklaKaranasonthesecondpartofKrishnacaturdashiandcontinuetoruletillthe1stpartofShukla
padyami.
Alsothelistingsofcharaandsthirakaranasgotinterchanged.

vinuthaRJ
November26th,2012at13:01:34

Canupleaseletmeknowthegoodday,dateandtimeforacsectiondeliveryofmysecondbabyinanyofthesedates
from27thnov2012todec4th2012.

krishnamurthy
December17th,2012at12:53:20

HIkrishnamurthyismyhusbandnameiwantrashi&nakshtraforthisname
DOB13071983plsrevertme

Balachandra
December18th,2012at07:49:45

^MakhAnakshatrasimharAshi.But,confirmwithagoodastroger.

DORESWAMY.B
April22nd,2013at13:14:48

Tjhanksfortheinformationgiveninthesite.AtleastIcouldabletounderstandvaara,thithi,nakshathra,etc.fromthe
panchanga.
MynameisB.DORESWAMY,Dateofbirthis16.10.1959ataround8.00PMto9.00PM.MynativeplaceisMambally,
YelandurTk.,ChamarajanagarDistrict.CanabletohavemyJathakaandtheBhavishyafromtheabovedetailsfrom
panchanga.

dnprasad
May2nd,2013at13:01:03

Iwantthithi,varam,nakshatramofthefollowingdays:
1.02.05.1975.
2.02.05.2010.

Balachandra
May17th,2013at17:24:11

dnprasadavre,
trythis:http://panchangamcom

shivakumarmala
June18th,2013at15:13:44

Dearsir,
Iwouldliketolearnastrology(bhavishya/panchang)inspiredbyshree,shree.RavishankarGurujlofomkarprogramme
onZkannadaTVchenel.pleasehelpme,isthereonlinefesilityavailable?
Thankswithregards.

narasimhamurthy
June22nd,2013at13:48:02

sirmydateofbirth01/08/1971irequirednakshatra,rashietc

Balachandra
June23rd,2013at09:19:48

@NarasimhaMurthySir,
Youdidntmentiontheplaceandtimeofyourbirth!V.important.
Dateifbirth:01Aug1971.SouramAsa:karkATaka.chAndramAsa:shrAvaNa
tithi:navami(upto6:57am.dashamiafterwards).
nakshatra:vishAkha(upto8:09am.anurAdhaafterwards).
rAshi:vrishchika.

SureshAcharya
September13th,2013at09:41:24

Hello,
CouldpleaseprovidemethedetailswhereigetUdupiPanchangaanditscost?
Regards,
SureshAcharya

Balachandra
September16th,2013at06:31:34

Eachofthe8maThasinUdupihasitsownpanchanga.AvailableinUdupi.PriceRs3050.

Ganga
January2nd,2015at17:03:50

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Mybirthdateis1571984Sunday.atmybirthtimesomeastrologerwrotemybirthtimeas47galigevrushabha
Lagunaanddhanishta4nepaadasoamtotallyconfusedaboutmybirthtimeandraashi.plzHellman

Ganga
January2nd,2015at17:06:24

Mybirthdateis1571984Sunday.atmybirthtimesomeastrologerwrotemybirthtimeas47galigevrushabha
Lagunaanddhanishta4nepaadasoamtotconfusedaboutmybirthtimeandraashi.plzHelpmetofindmycorrect
.birthtime

Balachandra
January3rd,2015at09:15:19

@Ganga
SinceyourbirthstarisdhanishTa4thpada,yourrAshiiskumbha.Ifyouareconfused,youcanshowyourjatakatoa
localastrologerandgetclarified.Ifyouknowtheexacttimeandplaceofbirth,therearewebsiteswhichgiveyouyour
nakshatra,rashi,etc.Justgoogle.

Gururaj
July21st,2015at14:27:50

Mybirthdateis09.05.1962Wednesdayatmybirthtimesomeastrologerwrotemybirthtimeas3850galigeDhanur
LagunaandPunarvasu4nepaadasoamtotalyconfusedaboutmybirthtimeandraashi.plzHelpmetofindmycorrect
.birthtime

Sathisha
September15th,2015at21:55:46

17111994
Belthangady,
Time:evening(not100%)
Sathisha
Iwantmynakshathra,Rashi.Andfulldetails

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