Indian Standard - Method For Computation of Frequency and Severity Rates For Industrial Injuries and Classification of Industrial Accidents

12/10/2016 Indian Standard: METHOD FOR COMPUTATION OF FREQUENCY AND SEVERITY RATES FOR INDUSTRIAL INJURIES AND CLASSIFICATIO
PREAMBLE (NOT PART OF THE STANDARD)

In order to promote public education and public safety, equal justice for all, a
better informed citizenry, the rule of law, world trade and world peace, this legal
document is hereby made available on a noncommercial basis, as it is the right of all
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END OF PREAMBLE (NOT PART OF THE STANDARD)
IS : 3786 - 1983
(Reaffirmed 2002)
Indian Standard
METHOD FOR COMPUTATION OF
FREQUENCY AND SEVERITY RATES FOR
INDUSTRIAL INJURIES AND
CLASSIFICATION OF INDUSTRIAL
ACCIDENTS
(First Revision)
First Reprint DECEMBER 1992
UDC 65838238 (0833)
Copyright 1983
BUREAU OF INDIAN STANDARDS
MANAK BHAVAN, 9 BAHADUR SHAH ZAFAR MARG
NEW DELHI 110002
Gr 7
November 1983
i
Indian Standard
METHOD FOR COMPUTATION OF FREQUENCY AND SEVERITY RATES FOR
INDUSTRIAL INJURIES AND CLASSIFICATION OF INDUSTRIAL ACCIDENTS
(First Revision)
Industrial Safety Advisory Committee, ISAC
Chairman
Representing
Dr S. S.
Directorate General Factory Adv ice Serv ice and Labour Institutes
Ramaswamy
(Ministry of Labour), Bombay
Members
https://law.resource.org/pub/in/bis/S02/is.3786.1983.html
1/29
Shri P. R. Surendranathan (Alternate to Dr S. S. Ramaswamy )

Shri V. K. Arora
Ministry of Shipping and Transport
Shri T. P. P. Nambiar (Alternate)

Shri Prem Bav eja
Hindustan Aeronautic Ltd, Bangalore
Shri B. S. Grov er (Alternate)

Shri S. P. Bhatia
Indian Cotton Mills Federation, Bombay
Shri Charanjit Lal
Chief Controllerate of Explosiv es, Nagpur
Shri B. R. Dav e (Alternate)

Shri N.
Indian Trade Union Congress, New Delhi
Chakrav arty
Shri Karan Singh (Alternate)
Shri P. K.
Indian Society of Engineers, Calcutta
Chaudhuri
Dr D. K. Nag
(Alternate)
Shri N. Chawla
Sandoz (India) Ltd, Thane
Shri S. C. Dey
Central Boilers Board, New Delhi
Shri S. M. Prasad (Alternate)

Diretor
Central Electricity Authority , New Delhi
(Commercial)
Deputy Director (Commercial) (Alternate)
Director General
Directorate General of Mines Safety , Dhanbad
Of Mines
Safety
Director, Mines Safety Equipment (Alternate)
(Continued on page 2)
Copy right 1983
This publication is protected under the Indian Copyright Act (XIV of 1957 ) and
reproduction in whole or in part by any means except with written permission of the
publisher shall be deemed to be an infringement of copy right under the said act.
1
(Continued from page 1)

Members
Shri Durgesh Chandra

Representing
Century Ray on, Kaly an

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Shri Jay ant Adhia (Alternate)

Shri P. N. Ghosh
Institution of Fire Engineers India, New Delhi
Shri K. C. Gupta
National Safety Council, Bombay
Shri N. Raghav an (Alternate)

Shri R. P. Jha
Indian Jute Mills Association, Calcutta
Shri J. D. Juina
Indian Airlines Corporation, New Delhi
Shri M. N. Arora (Alternate)

Shri M. Kant
Safety Appliances Manufacturers Association, Bombay
Shri Kirit Maru (Alternate)

Shri V. N. Kholkute
Factory Inspectorate, Gov ernment of Maharashtra,

Bombay
Shri H. N. Mirashi (Alternate)

Shri B. S. Mathur
Standing Committee on Safety for the Steel Industry ,

Durgapur
Shri A. K. Dasgupta (Alternate)

Shri G. B. Menon
Standing Fire Adv isory Council, Ministry of Home Affairs
Shri M. K. Modwel
Railway Board (Ministry of Railway s)
Shri R. N. Mukhopadry ay
Directorate General of health Serv ices, New Delhi
Shri P. Krishnan Nair
The Fertilizers and Chemicals Trav ancore Ltd,

Udy ogmandal
Shri S. Purushothama
Loss Prev ention Association of India Ltd, Bombay
Shri T. V. Madhumani (Alternate)

Shri G. Ramamurthy
Ministry of Communications
Shri Y . V. R. Reddy (Alternate)

Shri S. G. Ranade
Directorate General of Ordnance Factories, Calcutta
Shri S. R. C. Rao
Steel Authority of India Ltd, New Delhi
Shri R. N. Das (Alternate)

Representativ e
Ministry of Defence (DGI)
Shri Y . K. Sapru
The Safety First Association of India, Bombay
Shri A. A. Jasdenv ala (Alternate)

Shri K. K. Sarkhel
The Project & Dev elopment (India) Ltd, Sindri
Shri I. C. Sarjn
Employ ees State Insurance Corporation, New Delhi
Dr K. M. Saxena (Alternate)
Shri P. Seshadri
Ministry of Petroleum & Chemicals
Shri Jagjit Singh (Alternate)

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Dr B. Singh
Central Mining Research Station (CSIR), Dhanbad
Shri P. R. Roy (Alternate)

Shri D. K. Sirkar
Indian Chemical Manufacturers Association, Calcutta
Shri S. J. Sharma (Alternate)

Shri S. P. Venkaswamy
Directorate General of Civ il Av iation, New Delhi
Shri S. P. Vidy arathi
All India Manufacturers Organization, Bombay
Shri S. K. Mathur, Director
Director General, ISI (Ex-officio Member)
(Chem)
Secretary
Shri K. K. Tripathi
Senior Deputy Director (chem), ISI
(Continued on page 28)
2
Indian Standard
METHOD FOR COMPUTATION OF FREQUENCY AND SEVERITY RATES FOR
INDUSTRIAL INJURIES AND CLASSIFICATION OF INDUSTRIAL ACCIDENTS
(First Revision)
0. FOREWORD
0.1
This Indian Standard (First Revision) was adopted by the Indian Standards
Institution on 30 September 1983, after the draft finalized by the Industrial Safety
Advisory Committee had been approved by the Executive Committee.
0.2
This standard was originally issued in 1966 with the following objectives in
view:
a. To help in evaluating the relative need for taking accident prevention measures
in different departments of an establishment;
b. To help in making an appraisal of the progress of an accident prevention
campaign and making people safety-conscious;
c. To provide encouragement when methods used for the prevention of accidents
are successful; and
d. To enable comparisons to be made.
0.3
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The committee responsible for preparing this standard felt that time was
opportune to revise this standard to incorporate the following changes;
a. It aligns the definitions of partial disablement* and Total disablement, and
includes other definitions as given in the latest version of the Workmens
Compensation Act, 1923 (India);
b. It also includes the definition and method for computation of incidence rates;
c. It has given more comprehensive coverage to classification of accidents;
d. It includes an additional item covering the basis of assessment of work injury;
and
e. It includes a clause on statistical period so as to make comparison meaningful.
0.4
While preparing this revision, particularly 0.3 (c) above, assistance has been
derivied from AS 1885-1976 Recording and measuring work injury experience,
issued by the Standards Association of Australia.
1. SCOPE
1.1
This standard prescribes basic methods for recording and classifying industrial
accidents. It also includes details of work injury and gives the methods for
computation of frequency, severity and incidence rate of work injuries in industrial
premises. This would enable adoption of a uniform system of recording events
associated with injuries and the determination of corrective action.
2. TERMINOLOGY
2.0
For the purpose of this standard, the following definitions shall apply.
2.1
AccidentAn unintended occurrence arising out of and in the course of
employment of a person resulting in injury.
2.2
DeathFatality resulting from an accident.
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2.3
Disabling Injury (Lost Time Injury)An injury causing disablement
extending beyond the day of shift on which the accident occurred.
NoteAn ideal system of accident statistics would take into
account every occurrence causing injur however slight. Unfortunately,
this is impracticable be cause the record of trivial injuries varies not only
according to the number sustained but also according to the strictness
with which a firm insists on this being reported. On the other hand, if an
accident keeps a man away from work for a day or more, his absence is
hound to be noticed. In other words, the one day or, One shift accident
has been chosen because it is a standard unit which cannot vary to a
great extent from firm to firm or from year to year. This is, therefore,
used for practical purposes as it is the nearest accurate figure to the ideal
and is a very simple standard to use.
2.4
Non-disabling InjuryAn injury which requires medical treatment only,
without causing any disablement whether of temporary or permanent nature.
2.5
Reportable Disabling Injury (Reportable Lost Time Injury)An
injury causing death or disablement to an extent as prescribed by the relevant statute.
4
2.6
Days of Disablement (Lost Time)In the case of disablement of a
temporary nature, the number of days on which the injured person was partially
disabled as defined in 2.7. In the case of death or disablement of a permanent nature
whether it be partial or total disablement as defined in 2.7 and 2.8 man-days lost
means the charges in days of earning capacity lost due to such permanent disability
or death as specified in Appendix B. In other cases the day on which the injury
occured or the day the injured person returned to work are not to be included as
man-days lost; but all intervening calendar days (including Sundays or, days off, or
days of plant shut down) are to be included. It after resumption of work, the person
injured is again disabled for any period arising out of the injury which caused his
earlier disablement, the period of such subsequent disablement is also to be induced in
the man-days lost.
2.7
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Partial DisablementThis is of two types: disablement of a temporary

nature which reduces the earning capacity of an employed person in any
employment in which he was engaged at the time of the accident resulting in the
disablement; and disablement of a permanent nature, which reduces his earning
capacity in every employment which he was capable of undertaking at the time.
2.8
Total DisablementDisablement, whether of a temporary or permanent
nature, which incapacitates a workman for all work which he was capable of
performing at the time of the accident resulting in such disablement, provided that
permanent total disablement shall be deemed to result from every type of injury
specified in Part A of Appendix A or from any combination of injuries specified in Part
of Appendix A where the aggregate percentage of the loss of earning capacity, as
specified in that part against those injuries, amounts to one hundred percent.
2.9
Man-Hours WorkedThe total number of employee-hours worked by all
employees working in the industrial premises. It includes managerial, supervisory,
professional, technical, clerical and other workers including contractors labour.
2.10
Scheduled ChargeCharges in days of earning capacity lost due to
permanent disability or death (see Appendix A).
3. CALCULATION OF MAN-HOURS WORKED

3.1
Man-hours worked shall be calculated from the pay roll or time clock recorded
including overtime. When this is not feasible, the same shall be estimated by
multiplying the total man-days worked for the period covered by the number of
hours worked per day. The total number of man-days for a period is the sum of the
number of men at work on each day of the period. If the daily hours vary from
department
5
to department separate estimates shall be made for each department and the
result added together. When actual man-hours are not used, the basis on which the
estimates are made shall be indicated.
4. CLASSIFICATION OF ACCIDENTS
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4.1
The principal factors related to causation of accidents are:
a. agency,
b. unsafe mechanical or physical condition,
c. unsafe act,
d. unsafe personal factor,
e. type of accident,
f. nature of injury, and
g. location of injury.
A standard classification as given in Appendix B could serve as a guide for
detailed analysis of accidents for the study of the various causative factors and their
relationships.
4.2
Each of the items of classification in Appendix B has been assigned a code
number which may be used to identify the recorded items of information. When
mechanical tabulating procedures are used, the code number will serve as a useful
guide for sorting and tabulating the data.
5. ASSESSMENT OF WORK INJURY

5.1 Basis of Assessment
5.1.1
GeneralThorough investigation of all factors relating to the occurrence of
each reported injury is essential. Determination as to whether or not the injury should
be considered a work injury under the provisions of this standard shall be based on
the evidence collected during investigations.
5.1.2
EvidenceThe evidence to be considered in determining whether or not the
reported injury should be considered a work injury may include, but not necessarily
be limited to the following:
a. Facts resulting from investigation of the injured employees work activities and
working environment to which the injury might be related;
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b. Statements (written if possible) of the injured employee, fellow employees,

witnesses and supervisors;
6
c. Medical reports acceptable to the authority classifying the work injury; and
d. Facts concerning the injured employees work activity for other employers, and
other off-the-job activities, injuries and illnesses.
5.2 Assessment of Special Gases

5.2.1
GeneralBefore inclusion in the record special cases should be assessed.
Clauses 5.2.2 to 5.2.15 are intended to assist in such assessment but these
provisions/rules should not be used to exclude a genuine work injury from the record.
5.2.2
Inguinal HerniaAn inguinal hernia shall be considered a work injury only if
it is precipitated by an impact, Sudden effort, or severe strain, and meets, after
investigation, all of the following conditions:
a. There is clear evidence of an accidental event or an incident, such as a slip, trip
or fall, sudden effort or over-exertion;
b. There was actual pain in the hernial region at the time of the accident or
incident; and
c. The immediate pain was so acute that the injured employee was forced to stop
work long enough to draw the attention of his foreman or fellow employee, or
the attention of a physician was secured within 12 hours.
5.2.3
Back InjuryA back injury or strain shall after investigation, be considered a
work injury if:
a. There is clear evidence of an accident event or an incident such as a slip, trip or
fall, sudden effort or over-exertion, or blow on the back; and
b. A medical practitioner, authorized to treat the case, is satisfied after a complete
review of the circumstances of the accident or incident, that the injury could
have arisen out of the accident or incident.
5.2.4
Aggravation of Pre-existing ConditionIf aggravation of pre-existing physical
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deficiency arises out of or in the course of employment, the resulting disability shall
be considered a work injury and shall be classified according to the ultimate extent of
the injury except that if the injury is an inguinal hernia or a back injury the
requirement of 5.2.2 or 5.2.3 shall apply.
5.2.5
Aggravation of Minor InjuryIf a minor injury is aggravated because of
diagnosis or treatment, either professional or non-professional, or if infection or other
symptoms develop later, either on the job or off-the-job the injury shall be classified
according to its ultimate extent.
7
5.2.6
Cardiovascular DiseasesThis term is used to cover the following groups:
a. Rheumatic heart disease,
b. Hypertensive disease,
c. Ischaemic disease,
d. Heart disease secondary to pulmonary disease,
e. Cerebrovascular disease,
f. Diseases of arteries, arterioles and capillaries, and
g. Disease of veins and lymph vessels.
5.2.6.1
Cardiovascular diseases shall not be recorded as work injuries unless:

a. the symptoms were so severe during working hours that the attention of a
supervisor was drawn to them; and
b. a medical practitioner, authorized to treat the case, satisfied after a thorough
investigation, that the disease or aggravation of the disease was work caused.
5.2.7
MiscellaneousThe category includes the following:
a. Purposely inflicted injuriesAn injury purposely, inflicted by the employee or
another person shall be considered a work injury if it arises out of or in the
course of employment;
b. SkylarkingAn injury inflicted by or arising out of skylarking during
employment shall be considered a work injury.
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5.2.8
Other DisabilitiesThe following are examples of injuries which shall be
considered work injuries if they arise out of or in the course of employment:
a. Animal and insect bites;
b. Skin irritations and infections;
c. Muscular disability;
d. Injuries arising from exposure to extreme temperature (hot or cold); and
e. Loss of hearing, sight, taste, feel or sense of smell.
8
6. COMPUTATION OF FREQUENCY, SEVERITY AND INCIDENCE

RATES
6.1
Frequency RateThe frequency rate shall be calculated both for lost time
injury and reportable lost time injury as follows:
Note 1If the injury does not cause loss of time in the period in
which it occurs but in a subsequent period, the injury should be included
in the frequency rate of the period in which the loss of time begins.
Note 2If an injury causes intermittent loss of time, it should only
be included in the frequency rate once, that is, when the first loss of time
occurs.
Note 3Since frequency rate FB is based on the lost time injuries,
reportable to the statutory authorities, it may be used for official purposes
only. In all other cases, frequency rate FA should be used for comparison
purposes.
6.2
Severity RateThe severity rate shall be calculated from man-days lost both
of lost time injury and reportable lost time injury as follows:
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NoteSince severity rate SB is based on the lost time injuries

reportable to the statutory authorities, it should be used for official
purposes only. In all other cases severity rate SA should be used for
comparison purposes.
6.2.1
Calculation of man-days lost under 6.2 shall be based on the following:
a. Man-days lost due to temporary total disability;
b. Man-days lost according to schedule of charges for death and permanent
disabilities as given in Appendix A. In case of multiple injury, the sum of
schedule charges shall not be taken to exceed 6 000 man-days;
c. Days lost due to injury in previous periods, that is, if any accident which
occurred in previous period is still causing loss of time in the period under
review, such loss of time is also to be included in the period under review;
9
d. In the case of intermittent loss of time, each period should be included in the
severity rate for the period in which the time is lost; and
e. If any injury is treated as a lost time injury in one statistical period and
subsequently turns out to be a permanent disability; the man-days charged to
the injury shall be subtracted from the schedule charge for the injury when
permanent disability becomes known.
6.3 Incidence Rates

6.3.1
General incidence rate is the ratio of the number of injuries to the number of
persons during the period under review. It is expressed as the number of injuries per 1
000 persons employed.
The incidence rate may be calculated both for lost-time injuries and reportable
lost-time injuries as follows:
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NoteSince reportable lost-time injury incidence rate is based on

the lost time injuries reportable to the statutory authorities, it should be
used for official purposes only. In all other cases lost-time injury
incidence rate should be used.
6.4
Statistical PeriodRates for any period, that is month, quarter or year shall
include injuries which occurred during the period, together with any injuries which
occurred in the previous 12 months and which have not already been included in
earlier calculations.
6.4.1
An injury which occurred in a previous period and which did not cause lost
time at the time of occurrence, but caused lost time in the current period, shall be
included as a lost-time injury in the current period.
6.4.2
When calculating duration rates, the time lost for the period shall include time
lost in the current period caused by injuries which occurred in previous period.
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APPENDIX A
SCHEDULED CHARGES FOR DISABILITIES*
* Based on Workmens Compensation Act (India), 1923 as modified up to 1
February 1962.
(Clauses 2.8, 2.10 and 6.2.1)
Sl
No.
Description OF Injury
(1) (2)
Percentage OF
Loss OF Earning
Capacity
Equivalent
Man-DAYS
Lost
(3)
(4)
Part A T otal Disablem ent

1.
Death
100
6 000
2.
Loss of both hands or amputation at higher sites
100
6 000
3.
Loss of a hand and a foot
100
6 000
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3.
Loss of a hand and a foot
100
6 000
4.
Double amputation through leg or thigh, or amputation
100
6 000
100
6 000
through leg or thigh on one side and loss of other foot

5.
Loss of sight to such an extent as to render the claimant

unable to perform any work for which ey esight is
essential
6.
Very sev ere facial disfigurement
100
6 000
7.
Absolute deafness
100
6 000
Part B Partial Disablem ent

a) Amputation CasesUpper Limbs (Either Arm)
8.
Amputation through shoulder joint
90
5 400
9.
Amputation below shoulder with stump less than 205 mm 80
4 800
from tip acromion

10. Amputation from 205 mm from tip of acromion to less
11
70
4 200
60
3 600
12. Loss of thumb
30
1 800
13. Loss of thumb and its metacarpal bone
40
2 400
14. Loss of four fingers of one hand
50
3 000
15. Loss of three fingers of one hand
30
1 800
16. Loss of two fingers of one hand
20
1 200
17 . Loss of terminal phalanx of thumb
20
1200
18. Amputation of both feet resulting in end-bearing stumps
90
5 400
19. Amputation through both feet proximal to the
80
4 800
40
2 400
30
1 800
20
1 200
90
5 400
24. Amputation below hip with stump not exceeding 125 mm 80
4 800
than 115 mm below tip of olecranon

11. Loss of a hand or thumb and four fingers of one hand or
amputation from 115 mm below tip of olecranon
b) Amputation CasesLower Limbs
metatarsophalangeal joint
20. Loss of all toes of both feet through the
21. Loss of all toes of both feet proximal inter-phalangeal
joint
22. Loss of all toes of both feet distal to the proximal interphalangeal joint
23. Amputation at hip
in length measured from tip of great trochanter
25. Amputation below hip with stump exceeding 125 mm in
70
4 200
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25. Amputation below hip with stump exceeding 125 mm in
12
70
4 200
60
3 600
27 . Amputation below knee with stump exceeding 90 mm but 50
3 000
length measured from tip of great trochanter but not

bey ond middle thigh
26. Amputation below middle thigh to 90 mm below knee
not exceeding 125 mm
28. Amputation below knee with stump exceeding 125 mm
40
2 400
29. Amputation of one foot resulting in end-bearing
30
1 800
30 Amputation through one foot proximal to the
30
1 800
20
1200
40
2 400
30
1 800
34. Whole
14
840
35. Two phalanges
11
660
36. One phalanx
540
37 . Guillotine amputation of tip without loss of bone
300
38. Whole
12
7 20
39. Two phalanges
540
40. One phalanx
420
41. Guillotine amputation of tip without loss of bone
240
42. Whole
420
43. Two phalanges
360
44. One phalanx
300
45. Guillotine amputation of tip without loss of bone
120
46. Through metatarsophalangeal joint
14
840
47 . Part, with some loss of bone
180
31. Loss of all toes of one foot through the
c) Other Injuries
32. Loss of one ey e, without complications the other being
normal
33. Loss of v ision of one ey e, without complications or
disfigurement of ey e-ball, the other being normal
d) Loss of Fingers of Right or Left Hand
(i) Index fingers
(ii) Middle finger
13
(iii) Ring or little finger
e) Loss of Toes of Right or Left Foot

(i) Great toe
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47 . Part, with some loss of bone
180
180
49. Part, with some loss of bone
60
300
120
360
180
540
180
(ii) Any other toe
(iii) Two toes of one foot excluding great toe
(iv ) Three toes of one foot, excluding great toe
(v ) Four toes of one foot, excluding great toe
Note 1Complete and permanent loss of the use of any limb or member referred to in this
appendix shall be deemed to be the equiv alent of the loss of that limb or member.
Note 2Maximum scheduled charges in case of any injured person shall be 6 000 manday s.
14
APPENDIX B
CLASSIFICATION OF INDUSTRIAL ACCIDENTS
(Clauses 4.1 and 4.2)
Code
No.
Particulars
B-1. CLASSIFICAT ION ACCORDING T O AGENCY

(Agency is the object or substance which is most closely associated with the accident
causing the injury and with respect to which adoption of a safety measure could hav e
prev ented the accident)
20 Machines
201 Prime-movers, except electrical motors
2011 Steam engines
2012 Internal combustion engines
2012 Others
202 Transmission Machinery
2021 Transmission shafts
2022 Transmission belts, cable pulley s, pinions, chains, gears
2029 Others
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203 Metal Working Machines

2031 Power presses
2032 Lathes
2033 Milling machines
2034 Abrasiv e wheels
2035 Mechanical shears
2036 Forging machines
2037 Rolling mills
2039 Others
204 Wood and Associated Machines
2041 Circular saws
2042 Other saws
2043 Moulding machines
2044 Ov erhand planes
2049 Others
15
205 Agricultural Machines

2051 Reapers (including combined reapers)
2052 Thresshers
2059 Others
206 Mining Machinery
2061 Drilling and boring machine including augurs
2062 Cutting machine
2063 Loading machine including scrapers
2064 Cutter-loaders including other continuous miners
2069 Others
209 Other Machines Not Elsewhere Classified
2091 Earth-mov ing machines
2092 Spinning, weav ing and other textile machines
2093 Machines for the manufacture of foodstuffs and bev erages
2094 Machine for the manufacture of paper and leather
2095 Printing machines
2099 Others
21 Means of Transportation and Moving Equipment
211 Lifting Machines and Appliances
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2111 Cranes
2112 Lifts and elev ators
2113 Winches
2114 Pulley blocks
2119 Others
212 Means of Rail Transportation
2121 Inter-urban railway s
2122 Rail transportation in mines, tunnels, quarries, industrial establishments,
docks, etc
2129 Others
213 Other Wheeled Means of Transportation, Excluding Rail Transportation
2131 Tractors
2132 Lorries
16
2133 Trucks
2134 Motor Vehicles, not elsewhere classified
2135 Animal-drawn v ehicles
2136 Hand-drawn v ehicles
2139 Others
214 Means of Air Transportation
215 Means of Water Transportation
2151 Motorised means of water transportation
2152 Non-motorised means of water transportation
219 Other Means of Transport
2191 Cable cars
2192 Mechanical conv ey ors, except cable-cars
2199 Others
22 Other Equipment
221 Pressure Vessels
2211 Boilers
2212 Pressurised containers
2213 Pressurised piping and accessories
2214 Gas cy linders
2215 Vacuum v essels
2219 Others
222 Furnaces, Ovens, Kilns
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2221 Blast furnaces

2222 Refining furnaces
2223 Other furnaces
2224 Kilns
2225 Ov ens
223 Refrigerating Plants
224 Electrical Installations, Including Electric Motors but Excluding Electric Hand
Tools
2241 Rotating machines
2242 Conductors
17
2243 Control apparatus

2249 Others
225 Electric Hand Tools
226 Tools, Implements and Appliances Except Electric Hand Tools
2261 Power-driv en hand tools, except electric hand tools
2262 Hand tools, not power-driv en
2269 Others.
227 Ladders, Mobile Ramps
228 Scaffolding
229 Other Equipment not Elsewhere Classified
23 Materials, Substances and Radiations
231 Explosives
232 Dusts, Gases, Liquids and Chemicals, Excluding Explosives
2321 Dusts
2322 Gases, v apours, fumes
2323 Liquids
2324 Chemicals not elsewhere classified
2329 Others
233 Flying Objects Other Than Due to Explosion
234 Radiations
2341 Ionising radiations
2349 Others
239 Other Materials and Substances not Elsewhere Classified
24 Working Environment
241 Outdoor
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2411 Weather
2412 Traffic and working surfaces
2413 Water
2414 Fire
2419 Others
18
242 Indoor
2421 Floors
2422 Confined quarters
2423 Stairs
2424 Other traffic and working surfaces
2425 Floor openings and wall openings
2426 Env ironmental factors (Lighting, v entilation, temperature, noise, etc)
2427 Water
2428 Fire
2429 Others
25 Other AgenciesMining and Tunneling
251 Underground Mining and Tunneling
2511 Roof
2512 Side and face
2513 Floor
2514 Mine shaft
2515 Water
2516 Fire
2517 Others
252 Opencast Mining (Including Quarrying)
2521 Ov erhang
2522 Side face
2523 Ground
2524 Water
2525 Fire
2529 Others
26 Other Agencies, not Elsewhere Classified
261 Animals
2611 Liv e animals
20/29
6212 Animal products

262 Other Agencies Not Elsewhere Classified
19
27 Agencies Not Classified for Lack of Sufficient Data

29 Other Agencies
B-2. CLASSIFICAT ION ACCORDING T O UNSAFE MAT ERIAL OR PHYSICAL
CONDIT IONS
(This identifies the unsafe mechanical or phy sical condition or conditions related to the
agency , which contributed to the causation of accident)
10
Improperly guarded agency
20
Defects in agency
30
Hazardous arrangement, procedure, etc in, on, or apparel
40
Improper illumination
50
Unsafe dress or apparel
60
Improper v entilation
70
Others
B-3. CLASSIFICAT ION ACCORDING T O T HE UNSAFE ACT

(This identifies the dev iation from the accepted and laid down safe procedure, which
contributed to the causation of accident)
10
Operating without authority , failure to secure or warn
20
Operating at unsafe speed
30
Marking safety dev ices inoperativ e
40
Using unsafe equipment, hand instead of equipment, or equipment unsafely
50
Unsafe loading, placing, mixing, combining, etc
60
Taking unsafe position or posture
70
Others
B-4. CLASSIFICAT ION ACCORDING T O UNSAFE PERSONAL FACT OR

(This identifies the anatomical, phy siological or the psy chological characteristic which
permitted or occasioned the selected unsafe act)
20
10
Unsuitable anatomical, phy siological, or psy chological characteristics
20
Lack of knowledge or skill
30
Unsuitable mechanical or phy sical conditions, social env ironment, etc.
B-5. CLASSIFICAT ION ACCORDING T O T YPE OF CACIDENT S

(The ty pe of accident is the manner in which the object or substance causing the injury
comes into contact with the injured person, or the mov ement of the injured person which
resulted in the injury )
10 Falls of Persons
21/29
101 Falls of persons from heights (trees, buildings, mine trenches, scaffolds, ladders,
machines, v ehicles) and into depths (wells, ditches, excav ations, shafts, holes in
the ground)
102 Fats of persons on the same lev el
11 Fall of Objects
111
Cav e-ins (earth, rocks, stone)
1111 Cav e-in or fall of roof

1112 Cav e-in or fall of side and face
1113 Cav e-in or collapse of shaft
1114 Premature collapse of ground
1115 Bumps and rock-bursts
112 Slides (earth, rock, stone, show)
113 Subsidence of ground
114 Collapse of buildings, walls, scaffolds, ladders, piles of goods, etc
115 Fall of cages, skips and kibbles
116 Fall of objects during handling
12 Stepping on, Striking Against or Struck by Object Excluding Falling Objects
121 Stepping on objects
122 Striking against stationary objects (except impacts due to prev ious fall)
123 Striking against mov ing objects
124 Struck by mov ing objects (including fly ing fragments and particles) excluding
failing objects
21
13 Caught in or Between Objects

131 Caught in an object
132 Caught between a stationary object and a mov ing object
133 Caught between mov ing objects (except fly ing or falling objects)
14 Over-Exertion or Wrong Movements
141 Ov er-exertion in lifting objects
142 Ov er-exertion in pushing or pulling objects
143 Ov er-exertion in handling or throwing objects
144 Wrong mov ements
15 Exposure to or Contact With Extreme Temperature
151 Exposure to or contact with heat (atmosphere or env ironment)
152 Exposure to or contact with cold (atmosphere or env ironment)
153 Contact with fire, hot substances or objects
22/29
154 Contact with v ery cold substances or objects

16 Exposure to or Contact with Electric Current
17 Exposure to or Contact with Harmful Substances, Including Relations
17 1 Contact by inhalation, ingestion or absorption of harmful substances including
gases
17 2 Exposure to ionising radiations
17 3 Exposure to radiations other than ionising radiations
18 Explosions
181 Explosion
182 Gas explosion
183 Dust explosion
184 Others
19 Others
191 Inundations and eruption
192 Exposure to high noise
193 Bursting and rupture of v essels
22
C-6. CLASSIFICAT ION ACCORDING T O NAT URE OF T HE INJURY

(This identifies the injury in terms of its principal phy sical characteristics)
310 Fractures
Includes simple fractures; fractures with injuries to soft parts of the body
(compound fracture); fractures with injuries to articulations (dislocations, etc);
fractures with internal or nerv e injuries.
320 Dislocations
Includes sublaxations and displacements.
Excludes fracture dislocations (310).
325 Sprains and Strains
Includes, unless associated with an open wound, the ruptures, tears, and
lacerations of muscles, tendons, ligaments and joints, as well as hernias due to
ov er exertion.
330 Concussions and Other Internal Injuries
Includes, unless fractures are inv olv ed, all internal contusions, haemorrhages,
lacerations, ruptures.
Excludes those injuries with fractures (310).
340 Amputations and Enucleations
Includes traumatic av ulsion of ey e.
341 Other Wounds
23/29
Includes lacerations, open wounds, cuts, contusions with wounds, scalp wounds,
as well as loss of nails or ears; includes wounds inv olv ing injury to nerv es.
Excludes traumatic amputations, enucleations; av ulsion of ey e (340) compound
fracture (310); burns with open wounds (360); superficial injuries (350).
350 Superificial Injuries
Includes abrasions, scratches, blisters, bites of non-v enomous insects, superficial
wounds; also includes superficial injuries due to foreign bodies entering in the
ey e.
23
355 Contusions and Crushings

Includes aemarthrosis, haematoma and bruises; contusions and crushing
associated with superficial injuries.
Excludes concussions (330); contusions and crushing with fracture (310); and
contusions and crushings with an open wound (341).
360 Burns
Includes burns from hot objects; from fire; scales; friction burns; radiation burns
(infra-red); chemical burns (external burns only ); burns with open wounds.
Excludes burns due to swallowing a corrosiv e or caustic substance (37 0);
sunburn (380); effects of lightning (380); burns due to electric current (382); and
radiation effects other than burns (383).
37 0 Acute Poisonings
Includes the effects of the injection, ingestion, absorption or inhalation of toxic,
corrosiv e or caustic substances; bites of v enomous insects or animals;
asphy xiation by carbon monoxide or other toxic gases.
Excludes external chemcial burns (360).
380 Effects of Weather, Exposure and Related Conditions
Includes effects of reduced temperature (frost-bite); the effect of heat and
isolation (heat strokes, sunstrokes); baratrauma (effects of high altitude,
docompression caused due to working in compressed air well); the effects of
lightning; sound trauma (total or partial loss of hearing as a separate injury , not a
sequel to another injury ).
381 Asphyxia
Includes drowning asphy xiation or suffocation by compression, constriction or
strangulations; also includes asphy xiation by suppression or reduction of oxy gen
in the surrounding atmosphere and asphy xiation by foreign bodies in the
respiratory tract.
Excludes asphy xiation by carbon monoxide or other toxic gases (37 0).
382 Effects of Electric Currents
Includes electrocution; electrical shock and burn due to electric current.
24/29
24
Excludes burns caused by electrical heating appliances (37 0) and the effects of
lightning (380).
383 Effects of Radiations
Includes effects caused by X-ray s, radio-activ e substances, ultrav iolet ray s,
ionising radiations.
Excludes burns due to radiations (360) and sunstrokes (380).
390 Multiple Injuries of Different Nature
This group should be used only for case where the injured person sustained
sev eral injuries of different nature and no injury is obv iously more sev ere than
the others.
In case of multiple injuries suffered in one accident where one of the injuries is
obv iously more sev ere than the others, then this accident should be classified in
the group corresponding to the nature of the more obv iously sev ere injury .
399 Others and Unspecified Injuries
This group should only be used to classify injuries which cannot be classified
elsewhere.
Includes v arious early complications of trauma and pathological reaction which
should be classified in this group only when the nature of the antecedent injury is
unknown.
B-7 . CLASSIFICAT ION ACCORDING T O T HE LOCAT ION OF T HE INJURY
(Location of injury identifies the part of the injured persons body directly
affected by the injury identified).
NoteThe groups relating to multiple locations (see Code No. 46) should be used only to
classify cases where the v ictim suffers from sev eral injuries to different parts of the body
and no injury obv iously is more sev ere than the others. When in an accident which caused
multiple injuries located at different parts of the body one of these injuries is obv iously
more sev ere than the others, this accident, should be classified in the group corresponding
to the location of the obv iously more sev ere in jury . For example, a fracture of the leg
accompanied by the scratch of the hand should be classified in group 454.
41
25
Head
411
Cranium region (skull brain, scalp)
412
Ey e (including orbit and optic nerv e)
413
Ear
414
Mouth (including lips, teeth and tongue)
415
Nose
416
Face, locations not classified elsewhere
417
Head, multiple locations
25/29
418
42
Neck (including Throat and Cervical Vertebrae)
43
Trunk
44
45
26
Head, unspecified location
46
431
Back (spinal column and adjoining muscles, spinal cord)
432
Chest (ribs, sternum, internal organs of the chest)
433
Abdomen (including internal organs)
434
Pelv is
438
Trunk, multiple locations
439
Trunk, unspecified location
Upper Limb
441
Shoulder (including clav icle and shoulder blade)
442
Upper limb
443
Elbow
444
Forearm
445
Wrist
446
Hand (except fingers alone)
447
Fingers
448
Upper limb, multiple locations
449
Upper limb, unspecified location
Lower Limb
451
Hip
452
Thigh (upper leg)
453
Knee
454
Leg (lower leg)
455
Ankle
456
Foot (except toes alone)
457
Toes
458
Lower Limb, multiple locations
459
Lower limb, unspecified location
Multiple Locations
461
Head and trunk, head and one or more limbs
462
Trunk and one or more limbs
463
One upper limb and one lower limb or more than two limbs
464
Other multiple locations
465
Multiple locations, unspecified
26/29
47
General Injuries
[ This group should be used only when the functioning of an activ e body sy stem has been
affected without a specific injury (for example, poisoning, etc); when the sy stemic damage
results from an injury a specific part of the body (for example, a fracture of the spinal
column inv olv ing injury to the spinal cord) the location of the injury to this part of the
body (in this case the spinal column) should be coded ].
49
47 1
Circulatory sy stem in general
47 2
Respiratory sy stem in general
47 3
Digestiv e sy stem in general
47 4
Nerv ous sy stem in general
47 5
Other general injuries
47 6
General injuries, unspecified
Unspecified Location of Injury
(This group should only be used when no information is av ailable to identify the part of the
body affected)
Safety Practices and Procedures Subcommittee, ISAC/S-3
27
Convener
Representing
Shri P. R.
Directorate General Factory Adv ice Serv ice and Labour Institutes
Surendranathan
(Ministry of Labour), Bombay
Members
Shri H. Ganapathy (Alternate to Shri P. R. Surendranathan)
Shri Jacob Chacko Director of Factories & Boilers, Gov ernment of Kerala, Triv andrum
Shri Charanjit Lal
Chief Controllerate of Explosiv es, Nagpur
Shri B. R. Dav e (Alternate)

Chief Engineer
Industries Energy and Labour Department, Bombay
(Electrical)
Superintending Engineer (Inspection) (Alternate)
Chief Inspector Of Central Boiler Board, New Delhi
Boilers,
Karnataka
Director Mines
Directorate General of Mines Safety , Dhanbad
Safety
Deputy Director Of Mines Safety (SG) (Alternate)
V. N. Kholkute
Chief Inspectorate of Factories, Gov ernment of Maharashtra, Bombay
Shri G. R. Gujar (Alternate)

Shri R. B. Mathur
Railway Board (Ministry of Railway s)
27/29
Shri G. B. Menon
Standing Fire Adv isory Council, New Delhi
Shri N. C.
National Safety Council, Bombay
Mukherjee
Shri N. Raghav an (Alternate)
Shri V. K. Murthy
The Tata Iron & Steel Company Ltd, Jamshedpur
Shri K. N. Bhattachary a (Alternate)

28

Headquarters:
Manak Bhav an, 9 Bahadur Shah Zafar Marg, NEW DELHI 110002
Telephones : 331 01 31, 331 13 7 5
Telegrams : Manaksanatha
(Common to all offices)
Regional Offices:
Central
: Manak Bhav an, 9 Bahadur Shah Zafar Marg,

NEW DELHI-110002
*Eastern : 1/14 C.I.T. Scheme VII M, V. 1. P. Road,
Telephones
331 01 31
331 13 7 5
36 24 99
Maniktola, CALCUTTA 7 00054

Northern : SCO 445-446, Sector 35-C, CHANDIGARH
160036
Southern : C. I. T. Campus, MADRAS 600113
2 18 43
3 16 41
41 24 42
41 25 19
41 29 16
Western : Manakalay a, E9 MIDC, Marol, Andheri (East),
6 32 92 95
BOMBAY 400093
Branch Offices:
Pushpak Nurmohamed Shaikh Marg, Khanpur,
2 63 48
AHMEDABAD 380001
2 63 49
Peeny a Industrial Area, 1st Stage, Bangalore Tumkur Road
38 49 55
BANGALORE 560058
38 49 56
Gangotri Complex, 5th Floor, Bhadbhada Road, T. T. Nagar,
6 67 16
BHOPAL 462003
Plot No. 82/83, Lewis Road, BHUBANESHWAR 7 51002
5 36 27
53/5, Ward No. 29, R. G. Barua Road, 5th By elane,
3 31 7 7
GUWAHATI 7 81003
5-8-56 C L. N. Gupta Marg (Nampally Station Road),
23 10 83
HY DERABAD 500001
R14 Y udhister Marg, C Scheme, JAIPUR 302005
6 34 7 1
28/29
6 98 32
117 /418 B Sarv oday a Nagar, KANPUR 208005
21 68 7 6
21 82 92
Patliputra Industrial Estate, PATNA 800013
6 23 05
T.C. No. 14/1421, Univ ersity P.O., Palay am TRIVANDRUM
6 21 04
695035
6 21 17
Inspection Office (With Sale Point) :

Pushpanjali, 1st Floor, 205-A West High Court Road,
2 51 7 1
Shankar Nagar Square, NAGPUR 440010

Institution of Engineers (India) Building, 1332 Shiv aji
5 24 35
Nagar, PUNE 411005

*Sales Office in Calcutta is at 5 Chowringhee Approach, P.O.
27 68 00
Princep Street, Calcutta 7 0007 2

Sales Office in Bombay is at Nov elty Chambers, Grant Road,
89 65 28
Bombay 400007
Sales Office in Bangalore is at Unity Building,
22 36 7 1
Narasimharaja Square Bangalore 560002
Printed at Simco Printing Press, Delhi, India

29
29/29

Indian Standard - Method For Computation of Frequency and Severity Rates For Industrial Injuries and Classification of Industrial Accidents

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Indian Standard - Method For Computation of Frequency and Severity Rates For Industrial Injuries and Classification of Industrial Accidents

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12/10/2016 Indian Standard: METHOD FOR COMPUTATION OF FREQUENCY AND SEVERITY RATES FOR INDUSTRIAL INJURIES AND CLASSIFICATIO

PREAMBLE (NOT PART OF THE STANDARD)

(Ministry of Labour), Bombay

Shri P. R. Surendranathan (Alternate to Dr S. S. Ramaswamy )

Ministry of Shipping and Transport

Shri T. P. P. Nambiar (Alternate)

Hindustan Aeronautic Ltd, Bangalore

Shri B. S. Grov er (Alternate)

Indian Cotton Mills Federation, Bombay

Shri Charanjit Lal

Chief Controllerate of Explosiv es, Nagpur

Shri B. R. Dav e (Alternate)

Indian Trade Union Congress, New Delhi

Indian Society of Engineers, Calcutta

Sandoz (India) Ltd, Thane

Central Boilers Board, New Delhi

Shri S. M. Prasad (Alternate)

Central Electricity Authority , New Delhi

Directorate General of Mines Safety , Dhanbad

(Continued from page 1)

Shri Durgesh Chandra

Century Ray on, Kaly an

Shri Jay ant Adhia (Alternate)

Institution of Fire Engineers India, New Delhi

National Safety Council, Bombay

Shri N. Raghav an (Alternate)

Indian Jute Mills Association, Calcutta

Indian Airlines Corporation, New Delhi

Shri M. N. Arora (Alternate)

Safety Appliances Manufacturers Association, Bombay

Shri Kirit Maru (Alternate)

Factory Inspectorate, Gov ernment of Maharashtra,

Shri H. N. Mirashi (Alternate)

Standing Committee on Safety for the Steel Industry ,

Shri A. K. Dasgupta (Alternate)

Standing Fire Adv isory Council, Ministry of Home Affairs

Railway Board (Ministry of Railway s)

Directorate General of health Serv ices, New Delhi

Shri P. Krishnan Nair

The Fertilizers and Chemicals Trav ancore Ltd,

Loss Prev ention Association of India Ltd, Bombay

Shri T. V. Madhumani (Alternate)

Shri Y . V. R. Reddy (Alternate)

Directorate General of Ordnance Factories, Calcutta

Steel Authority of India Ltd, New Delhi

Shri R. N. Das (Alternate)

Ministry of Defence (DGI)

The Safety First Association of India, Bombay

Shri A. A. Jasdenv ala (Alternate)

The Project & Dev elopment (India) Ltd, Sindri

Employ ees State Insurance Corporation, New Delhi

Ministry of Petroleum & Chemicals

Shri Jagjit Singh (Alternate)

Central Mining Research Station (CSIR), Dhanbad

Shri P. R. Roy (Alternate)

Indian Chemical Manufacturers Association, Calcutta

Shri S. J. Sharma (Alternate)

Directorate General of Civ il Av iation, New Delhi

Shri S. P. Vidy arathi

All India Manufacturers Organization, Bombay

Shri S. K. Mathur, Director

Director General, ISI (Ex-officio Member)

e. It includes a clause on statistical period so as to make comparison meaningful.