By
Dr. Vandita Srivastava
vandita@iirs.gov.in
Geoinformatics Department, RSGG
Indian Institute of Remote Sensing,
Dehradun, India
Coverage
08/10/2015
Measurement
Measurement - Vector
distance
Measurement - Raster
Raster measurements
include: location, distance
and area size
Location of an individual cell
derived from anchor point
and resolution
Area size number of cells
* cell size
Distance standard
distance function applied to
the locations of their midpoints
Cell size: 30 m X 30 m
900 * 5 = 4500 m2
(re)Classification
M:N
User controlled vs. Automatic
Equal Interval vs. Equal Frequency
Classification
Classification involves the selection and presentation of a selected
layer of data based on the classes or values of a specific attribute.
Classification Types
Classification - Reclassification
Post processing
User controlled classification
Classification table
Automatic classification
(Re) Classifications
a) one to one (1:1)
b)
c)
Example: 1:M
Attribute map: Land Use
Attribute table:
City blocks
Cityblocks Landuse
001
002
003
004
005
006
007
008
009
010
011
012
013
014
015
Institutional
Commercial
Commercial
Residential
Residential
Residential
Industrial
Residential
Industrial
Industrial
Residential
Industrial
Residential
Residential
Residential
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Example: M:1
Geological map reclassified in
7 classes based on geological
age
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Example: 1:1
High
Above Average
Average
Below average
Low
Classification
Reclassification
0-50,000
0-25,000
50,000-100,000
25,000-50,000
100,000-125,000
50,000-75,000
125,000-150,000
75,000-100,000
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13
Reclassification
(re-assignment based on attribute name)
newmap:=iff(soils=redzina,3,0)
Soils
Newmap
Mollisol
Alfisol
Redzina
COLUMN (X-AXIS)
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3
COLUMN (X-AXIS)
14
Soils
Infilt
30
25
COLUMN(X-AXIS)
COLUMN(X-AXIS)
Soilstab.tbl
Recnr
1
2
3
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Type
Alfisol
Mollisol
Redzina
infilcol
30
30
25
Infilt = Soils.soilstab.infilcol
15
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16
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OLD TYPE
Planned Residential
Industry
Commercial
Institutional
Transport
Recreational
Non Built-up
Unplanned Residential
NEW TYPE
Residential
Commercial
Commercial
Public
Public
Public
Non Built-up
Residential
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Automatic classification
Equal interval:
class interval = (Vmax - Vmin ) / n.
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(Re)Classification - automatic
Equal interval
(5 classes)
Equal frequency
(5 classes)
EF:~N/n
N: number of
pixels/ number
of classes
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Overlay
Vector (point, lines, polygons)
Raster
Overlay
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Spatial join = join attribute tables (include fields from both tables) based on the spatial relationship (not on attribute)
Dr. Vandita Srivastava, Geoinformatics
08/10/2015
Department, RSGG/IIRS, ISRO/DOS/GOI
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Raster Functions
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Map C
15 15 12 12
MapC= MapA + 10 15 15 15 12
16 12 12 12
16 16 16 16
Map B
4
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Map C1
9
10 10
10
10
14 14
Map -C211 11 60 60
11 11 11 60
- 60
71 33 33
71 71 14 14
26
Relational overlays
Map A
5
Map B
08/10/2015
Output
0
0 = FALSE
1 = TRUE
Dr. Vandita Srivastava, Geoinformatics
Department, RSGG/IIRS, ISRO/DOS/GOI
27
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AND
Slope = steep
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F
F
F
F
F = forest
7 = 700 m
6 = 600 m
4 = 400 m
Map D
0
Map D2
Map D1
0 1
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0 = false
1 = true
Map D3
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Conditional functions
F
F
F
F
MapC1=iff((MapA= Forest)
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0 = false
1 = true
? = undefined
Map C1
1
0 0
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Neighbourhood functions
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Neighborhood functions
1. Target: medical clinics
2. Neighborhood
2 km
distance
3. Characteristics
2 km travel
distance
In a straight
line
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Between
0- 100 m
Between
100-200 m
Between
200-300 m
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Networks
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Network analysis
Types of networks
Directed network and undirected network
Planar network and non-planar network
Two types of operations
Optimal path finding
Ordered
Unordered
Network partitioning
Network allocation
Trace analysis
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Planar Non-planar
Multi-level
crossings
Embedded in a
2-dimensional
plane
Underpasses
Overpasses
Non-Planar
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Planar
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Cost factor
37
0.38 minutes
0.31
min
36
Arc 89
Arc 119
Node 71
0.50 minutes
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3
2
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Tracing upstream
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Tracing downstream
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1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
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Interactive Session