CHAPTER 21

Progressivism from the Grass

Roots to the White House,
1890-1916

I. Grassroots Progressivism
A. Civilizing the City
1. The settlement house movement
2. The social gospel
3. The social purity movement
4. Temperance
5. Progressive attitudes

I. Grassroots Progressivism
B. Progressives and the Working Class
1. The Womens Trade Union League
2. The uprising of twenty thousand
3. The Triangle fire
4. Protective legislation
5. The National Consumers League

II. Progressivism: Theory and

Practice
A. Reform Darwinism and Social Engineering
1. Challenging social Darwinism
2. Efficiency and expertise
3. Scientific management
B. Progressive Government: City and State
1. Thomas Loftin Johnson in Cleveland
2. Robert M. La Follette in Wisconsin
3. Hiram Johnson in California

III. Progressivism Finds a President:

Theodore Roosevelt
A. The Square Deal
1. Roosevelts rise to power
2. Trust busting
3. Mediating labor disputes
4. The election of 1904 and the Square Deal

III. Progressivism Finds a President:

Theodore Roosevelt
B. Roosevelt the Reformer
1. Mandate for reform
2. The Hepburn Act
3. Muckraking
4. Economic panic in 1907
C. Roosevelt and Conservation
1. Conserving natural resources
2. Congressional backlash

III. Progressivism Finds a President:

Theodore Roosevelt
D. The Big Stick
1. Foreign policy and executive power
2. The Panama Canal
3. The Roosevelt Corollary
4. A rising force in world affairs
5. Brokering peace with Japan

III. Progressivism Finds a President:

Theodore Roosevelt
E. The Troubled Presidency of William Howard Taft
1. A lawyer with no feel for politics
2. The tariff issue
3. Alienating Roosevelt
4. Progressive reform in Congress
5. Dollar diplomacy
6. Roosevelts criticism

IV. Woodrow Wilson and

Progressivism at High Tide
A. Progressive Insurgency and the Election of 1912
1. The Republican primaries
2. The Bull Moose Party
3. Four Progressives
4. The new nationalism versus The new
freedom

IV. Woodrow Wilson and

Progressivism at High Tide
B. Wilsons Reforms: Tariff, Banking, and the
Trusts
1. The Underwood Tariff
2. The Federal Reserve Act
3. The Clayton Act and the FTC
4. A mission fulfilled?
C. Wilson, Reluctant Progressive
1. Special privileges to none
2. About face in 1916

V. The Limits of Progressive Reform

A. Radical Alternatives
1. The Socialist Party
2. The Industrial Workers of the World
3. Margaret Sanger and the birth control
movement

V. The Limits of Progressive Reform

B. Progressivism for White Men Only
1. Woman suffrage
2. Racism in the South and West
3. The Atlanta Compromise
4. Constitutional racism
5. The rise of W.E.B. Du Bois and the NAACP