Marking Guidelines
Section I
Multiple-choice Answer Key
Question
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Answer
D
A
A
C
B
C
A
B
D
C
BOSTES
2015 HSC
Mathematics Extension 2
Marking Guidelines
Section II
Question 11 (a)
Criteria
Provides correct solution
Attempts to use conjugate of denominator, or equivalent merit
Marks
2
1
Sample answer:
4 + 3i ( 4 + 3i ) ( 2 + i ) 8 + 6i + 4i 3
=
=
(2 i) (2 + i)
2i
4 + 1
5 + 10i
= 1+ 2i
Marks
1
( 3 )2 + 1
= 3+1
= 2
BOSTES
2015 HSC
Mathematics Extension 2
Marking Guidelines
Marks
1
Criteria
Marks
1
1
arg z = + tan 1
3
1
= tan 1
3
5
=
6
6 7
29
=
42
=
BOSTES
2015 HSC
Mathematics Extension 2
Marking Guidelines
Question 11 (c)
Criteria
Marks
2
1
x ( x 2 + 2)
A Bx + C
+
x x2 + 2
1 = A ( x 2 + 2 ) + ( Bx + C ) x
1 = Ax 2 + 2A + Bx 2 + Cx
Equating constant terms,
1 = 2A
A=
1
2
Equating coefficients of x 2 ,
O = A+ B
1
+B
2
B=
2
Equating coefficients of x,
O=
C=0
BOSTES
2015 HSC
Mathematics Extension 2
Marking Guidelines
Question 11 (d)
Criteria
Marks
2
1
For an ellipse
b 2 = a 2 (1 e 2 )
16 = 25 (1 e 2 )
16
= 1 e 2
25
16
e 2 = 1
25
3
e=
5
3
Foci ( ae, 0 ) = 5 , 0
5
= ( 3, 0 )
BOSTES
2015 HSC
Mathematics Extension 2
Marking Guidelines
Question 11 (e)
Criteria
Provides correct solution
Correctly differentiates, or equivalent merit
Uses the chain rule, or equivalent merit
Marks
3
2
1
Sample answer:
Differentiating with respect to x
1+ 2xy3 + x 2 3y 2
dy
=0
dx
dy 1 2xy3
=
dx
x 2 3y 2
At ( 2, 1)
dy 1 2 2 ( 1)3
=
dx
22 3 ( 1)2
1
=
4
Marks
2
Let t = tan
1 t 2 1+ t 2
+
2t
2t
2
=
2t
1
=
t
= cot
2
=
= RHS
BOSTES
2015 HSC
Mathematics Extension 2
Marking Guidelines
Marks
1
( cot + cosec ) d
= cot d
2
cos
2 d
=
sin
ln sin + c
1
2
= 2ln sin
+c
2
BOSTES
2015 HSC
Mathematics Extension 2
Marking Guidelines
Marks
1
BOSTES
2015 HSC
Mathematics Extension 2
Marking Guidelines
Marks
1
Criteria
Marks
1
z2 = 4
so z 2 = 4i
BOSTES
2015 HSC
Mathematics Extension 2
Marking Guidelines
Marks
3
2
1
Sample answer:
( 4b 2 + 9)( b 2 1) = 0
b2 = 1
b = 1
Roots are 1 i, 1 2i
Marks
1
Polynomials with real coefficients have roots that occur in complex conjugate pairs.
Using the sum and product of the roots, the required quadratics are:
x 2 (1+ 2i + 1 2i ) x + (1+ 2i ) (1 zi )
= x 2 2x + 2
= x 2 2x + 5
10
BOSTES
2015 HSC
Mathematics Extension 2
Marking Guidelines
( x 2 )( x 5) x 2 7x + 10
=
( x 1)
x 1
Using long division,
x6
x 1 x 7x + 10
2
x 2 x
6x + 10
6x + 6
( x 2 )( x 5)
4
= x 6+
x 1
x 1
where m = 1, b = 6, a = 4
The oblique asymptote is y = x 6
11
Marks
2
1
BOSTES
2015 HSC
Mathematics Extension 2
Marking Guidelines
12
Marks
2
1
BOSTES
2015 HSC
Mathematics Extension 2
Marking Guidelines
Question 12 (d)
Criteria
Provides correct solution
Attempts to evaluate the correct integral using a suitable method,
or equivalent merit
Provides correct integral expression for the volume, or equivalent merit
Recognises the radius is 3 x, or equivalent merit
Sample answer:
Radius of a typical shell is 3 x
3
V = 2
( 3 x ) x + 1 dx
0
Let u 2
= x + 1
x = u2 1
dx
= 2u
du
x = 0, u = 1
x=3 u=2
2
V = 2 ( 4 u 2
) u.2u du
1
2
= 4 ( 4u 2 u 4
) du
1
2
4u3 u5
= 4
5 1
3
4 1
32 32
= 4
3
5
3 5
=
188
units3
15
13
Marks
4
3
2
1
BOSTES
2015 HSC
Mathematics Extension 2
Marking Guidelines
Marks
1
( a tan )2
a
2
a 2 tan 2
a
2
( bsec )2
b2
b 2 sec 2
b2
a 2b 2 ( tan 2 sec 2 )
a
2b 2
a 2b 2 ( 1)
=
(since tan 2 + 1 = sec 2 )
2 2
a b
= 1
= RHS
The gradient of PQ is
=
b ( tan sec )
a ( tan sec )
bsec b tan
a tan asec
equation of PQ is
b
( x asec )
a
ay ab tan = bx + absec
bx + ay = ab ( tan + sec )
y b tan =
14
Marks
2
1
BOSTES
2015 HSC
Mathematics Extension 2
Marking Guidelines
, sec tan
2
line PQ : bx + ay ab ( tan + sec ) = 0
Perpendicular distance from O to PQ is
Since for
=
=
b 0 + a O ab ( tan + sec )
a2 + b2
ab ( tan + sec )
a2 + b2
ab ( 2
sec tan 2 )
2
ab
(1) which is independent of
2
15
Marks
3
2
1
BOSTES
2015 HSC
Mathematics Extension 2
Marking Guidelines
Marks
1
when y = h, x = a 2 h 2
Or
Using the right hand quarter cylinder
V = ( a 2 h 2 ) dh
0
a
2
h3
= a h
3 0
2a3
units3
3
16
Marks
2
1
BOSTES
2015 HSC
Mathematics Extension 2
Marking Guidelines
Marks
2
1
Sample answer:
1
dS 4
3
dS dS dr
=
and
=
S = 4 r 2 and
dt
3
dt dr dt
dS
dr
= 8 r
dt
dt
1
dr
4
3
so = 8 r
3
dt
1
dr
1 4
3
giving
=
dt 8 r
3
dt
dr dt
dV
dr
= 4 r 2
dt
dt
1
1
4 3
= 4 r
by (i)
8 r
3
2
1
4 3
= r
2
3
1
4
3
1
=
r 3
2
dV 1 3
= V
dt 2
17
Marks
2
1
BOSTES
2015 HSC
Mathematics Extension 2
Marking Guidelines
dV 1 3
= V
dt 2
As
dV 1
1 =
dt
V 3
so
64 000
V 3 dV =
8
000
dt
2
0
64 000
3
t = .V
2
3
2
8 000
t = 3 ( 40 2 20 2 )
18
Marks
2
1
BOSTES
2015 HSC
Mathematics Extension 2
Marking Guidelines
Marks
2
Let u = sin n1
v = cos
u = ( n 1) sin n2 cos
19
v = sin
BOSTES
2015 HSC
Mathematics Extension 2
Marking Guidelines
y =
dy
= (n 1) sin n2 nsin n
d
2
2
n2
n
dy = (n 1) sin nsin d
0
0
2 n2
2 n
y
(
)
=
n
1
sin
n
sin d
0
0
0
n1
sin cos 0
2
2
= (n 1) sin n2 d n sin n d
0
0
2
2
0 = (n 1) sin n2 d n sin n d
0
0
2
2
n sin n d = (n 1) sin n2 d
0
0
2 n
n 1 2 n2
sin d = n sin d
0
0
20
Marks
2
1
BOSTES
2015 HSC
Mathematics Extension 2
Marking Guidelines
Marks
1
4 1 2
4
2
sin d = 4 sin d
0
0
3 2 1 2
d
=
4 2
3 1
= 2
4 2 0
3
= 0
82
=
3
16
Marks
1
( + + )2 = 0
ie 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 ( + + ) = 0
16 2 p = 0
p=8
21
BOSTES
2015 HSC
Mathematics Extension 2
Marking Guidelines
Marks
2
Sample answer:
is a root so
3 = p q
(1)
similarly 3 = p q
(2)
3 = p q
(3)
3 + 3 + 3 = p ( + + ) 3q
9 = p 0 3q
q=3
Marks
2
3 = p q
so
4 = p 2 q
similarly
4 = p 2 q
4 = p 2 q
adding 4 + 4 + 4 = p 2 + 2 + 2 q ( + + )
= 8 16 q 0
= 128
22
BOSTES
2015 HSC
Mathematics Extension 2
Marking Guidelines
Resolving forces:
Vertically
N cos N sin = mg
Horizontally
N sin + N cos =
mv 2
r
(1)
(2)
sin + cos v 2
=
cos sin rg
sin + cos
v 2 = rg
cos sin
Dividing by
cos
:
cos
tan +
v 2 = rg
1 tan
23
Marks
3
2
1
BOSTES
2015 HSC
Mathematics Extension 2
Marking Guidelines
Marks
2
tan +
=1
1 tan
hence
tan + = 1 tan
+ tan = 1 tan
1 tan
so
=
1+ tan
24
BOSTES
2015 HSC
Mathematics Extension 2
Marking Guidelines
Marks
2
Sample answer:
x!! = kv 2
dv
= kv 2
dt
dv
kdt = 2
v
dv
kt = 2
v
kt =
1
+C
v
Now t = 0, v = u C =
1
u
1
1
= kt +
v
u
25
BOSTES
2015 HSC
Mathematics Extension 2
Marking Guidelines
x!! = g kw 2
dw
= g + kw 2
dt
dt
1
=
dw
g + kw 2
t =
dw
2
g + kw
1
1
=
dw
k g + w2
k
1
k
=
tan 1 w + C
k g
t =
tan 1 w + C
gk
Now t = 0, w = u, so
C =
t =
tan 1 u
gk
1
1
k
tan u tan w
gk
26
Marks
3
2
1
BOSTES
2015 HSC
Mathematics Extension 2
Marking Guidelines
Marks
1
t =
tan 1 u
gk
1 1
1
=
+ k
tan 1 u from (i)
V
u
gk
k
1 1
=
+
tan 1 u
V u
g
Marks
1
k
1 1
k
= +
tan 1 u
V u
g
g
for u range,
1
!
V
k
1
0, tan 1 u
u
g 2
k
2
V
g 2
g
k
27
BOSTES
2015 HSC
Mathematics Extension 2
Marking Guidelines
Marks
2
1
Since for x 0
1 x 2 1
since (1+ x) > 0 we have 1 x
and since x 0 then
ie (1 x)(1+ x) 1
1
1+ x
1+ x 1
1
1
1+ x
1 x
1
1
1+ x
28
BOSTES
2015 HSC
Mathematics Extension 2
Marking Guidelines
b
1
Since
dx = ln(1+ x)
a
a 1+ x
= ln(1+ b) ln(1+ a)
1
1
We want ln 1 + so let a = 0 and b =
n
n
1
n
1
n
1
1 x dx
dx 1dx
0
0 1+ x
0
2 n
x
n
x ln 1+ x x n
0
0
2
( )
1 1
1
1
2 ln 1 +
n 2n
n n
multiplying through by n:
1
1
1
n ln 1+ 1
2n
n
29
Marks
2
1
BOSTES
2015 HSC
Mathematics Extension 2
Marking Guidelines
Marks
1
n ln 1+ 1
2n
1 n
ln 1+ 1
2n
1
1
n
lim ln 1+
lim 1
lim 1
2n
n n
n
1
n
1 lim ln 1+ 1
n
n
ie
1
n
lim ln 1+ = 1
n
n
lim 1+
= e
n
n
Marks
1
ie
x 2 + y2
xy
2
so
xy
x 2 + y2
, since x, y > 0
2
30
BOSTES
2015 HSC
Mathematics Extension 2
Marking Guidelines
Marks
2
( ab )( cd ) = ab cd
a 2 + b 2 c
2 + d 2
2
2
by (i)
a 2 + b 2 c 2 + d 2
2 2
1 a 2 + b 2 + c 2 + d 2
2
2
by given inequality
a 2 + b 2 + c 2 + d 2
4
Taking positive square roots,
=
4 ( abcd )
a2 + b2 + c2 + d 2
4
31
BOSTES
2015 HSC
Mathematics Extension 2
Marking Guidelines
Marks
2
Sample answer:
15
There are ways to place 5 black counters in the grid.
5
There are three choices to place a black counter in each column, so there are 35 ways to place
the black counters with one in each column.
Probability =
35
81
=
15 1001
Marks
2
nq
Shows total number of arrangements is , or equivalent merit
q
Sample answer:
nq
There are nq places and we choose q places for black counters, giving arrangements.
q
There are n places for each black counter in each of q columns.
Pn =
nq
nq
q
32
BOSTES
2015 HSC
Mathematics Extension 2
Marking Guidelines
Pn =
nq
nq
n q
nq ( nq 1) ( nq q + 1) q!
q!n q
nq ( nq 1) ( nq q + 1)
q!
1
2
q 1
q q q q +
n
n
n n
As n ,
=
Pn
q!
qq
33
Marks
2
1
BOSTES
2015 HSC
Mathematics Extension 2
Marking Guidelines
Marks
2
1
Sample answer:
By De Moivres theorem
i
sin
+
cos
i
sin
+ i sin )2n
+
cos
2n 2
2n 1
2n
Equating real parts,
2n
2n
cos2 sin 2n2 ( 1)n1 + ( 1
)n sin 2n
cos ( 2n ) = cos2n cos2n2 sin 2 ++
2
2n 2
Marks
2
= (1 cos2 )
Then
n
2n
T2n ( x ) = x 2n x 2n2 (1 x 2 ) ++ ( 1)n (1 x 2 )
2
34
BOSTES
2015 HSC
Mathematics Extension 2
Marking Guidelines
Marks
3
( 4n 1)
cos
, or equivalent merit
4n
( 2k 1)
Obtains (or verifies) that cos
are all roots of T2n (x) ,
4n
or equivalent merit
Sample answer:
( 2k 1)
2
( 2k 1)
ie cos1x =
4n
( 2k 1)
x = cos
4n
Consider the 2n solutions with k = 1, 2, , 2n ie
This occurs when 2n cos1 x =
( 4n 1)
cos , cos , , cos
4n
4n
4n
As the angles are in the range 0 to and are distinct these solutions are distinct. (Given that
cosx is decreasing for 0 x .)
We have 2n distinct solutions of a polynomial of degree 2n, and so these are all the roots.
As we have a polynomial of even degree, the product of the roots is the constant term divided
by the leading term. We may find the constant term by setting x = 0, obtaining ( 1)n .
The coefficients of x 2n are
1,
2n
2 ,
2n
,,
4
( 4n 1)
cos cos cos
=
4n
4n
4n
( 1)n
2n 2n
1+ + ++ 1
2 4
cos
cos
cos
=
4n
4n
4n 22n1
35
BOSTES
2015 HSC
Mathematics Extension 2
Marking Guidelines
Marks
2
1
Evaluates T2n
, or equivalent merit
2
Sample answer:
1
1
then 1 x 2 =
2
2
1 1 2n 1 2n 1
2n 1
= n n + n ++ ( 1)n n
T2n
2 2 2 2 4 2
2n 2
Put x =
1
n
= cos
= cos 2n cos1
2
2
n
2n
2n 2n 2n
1 + ++ ( 1)n = 2n cos
2
2 4 6
2n
36
BOSTES
2015 HSC
Mathematics Extension 2
Marking Guidelines
Marks
Content
Syllabus outcomes
3.2
E3
2.1
E3
1.4
E6
7.2
E4
2.4
E3
4.1
E8
HE3, E9
1.7
E6
2.2
E3
10
E2
Section II
Question
Marks
Content
Syllabus outcomes
11 (a)
2.1
E3
11 (b) (i)
2.2
E3
11 (b) (ii)
2.2
E3
11 (b) (iii)
2.2
E3
11 (c)
7.6
E4
11 (d)
3.1
E3
11 (e)
1.8
E6
11 (f) (i)
4.1
PE6, E2
11 (f) (ii)
4.1
E8
12 (a) (i)
2.2
E3
12 (a) (ii)
2.2
E3
12 (a) (iii)
2.3
E3
12 (b) (i)
7.4, 7.5
E3, E4
12 (b) (ii)
7.4, 7.5
E3, E4
12 (c) (i)
1.8
E6
12 (c) (ii)
1.8
E6
12 (d)
5.1
E7
13 (a) (i)
3.2
E3
13 (a) (ii)
3.2
E3
13 (a) (iii)
3.2
E3
13 (b) (i)
E2
37
BOSTES
2015 HSC
Question
Mathematics Extension 2
Marks
Marking Guidelines
Content
Syllabus outcomes
13 (b) (ii)
5.1
E7
13 (c) (i)
14.1E, 8
HE3, E8
13 (c) (ii)
14.1E, 8
HE3, E8
13 (c) (iii)
14.1E, 8, 4.1
HE3, E8
14 (a) (i)
4.1
E8
14 (a) (ii)
4.1
E8
14 (a) (iii)
4.1
E8
14 (b) (i)
7.5
E4
14 (b) (ii)
7.5
E4
14 (b) (iii)
7.5
E4
14 (c) (i)
6.3.4
E5
14 (c) (ii)
6.3.4
E5
15 (a) (i)
6.2.1
E5
15 (a) (ii)
6.2.2
E5
15 (a) (iii)
6.2.1, 6.2.2
E5
15 (a) (iv)
6.2.1
E5
15 (b) (i)
8, 3, 1.4E
E2, HE7
15 (b) (ii)
8, 1.4E, 12.5
PE3, HE7, E2
15 (b) (iii)
8, 1.4E
PE3, E2
15 (c) (i)
8.3
E2
15 (c) (ii)
8.3
E2
16 (a) (i)
E2
16 (a) (ii)
E2
16 (a) (iii)
E2
16 (b) (i)
2.4
E3
16 (b) (ii)
E4
16 (b) (iii)
7.5
E4
16 (b) (iv)
7.5
E9
38