Grade 10 Mathematics

Chapter 1

Sequences
Do not worry about your difficulties in
mathematics,
I assure you that mine are greater.
ALBERT EINSTEIN

In This Chapter
Introduction to Sequences
Arithmetic Sequences
Geometric Sequences
Other Types of Sequences

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Grade 10 Mathematics

Lesson 1: Introduction to Sequences

Objectives:
generate sequences
find the sequential pattern/rule
find the next term in a given sequence

A. Generate a numerical sequence with five terms using

the given rule. Start at zero.
1. Add 5
2. Multiply by 3
3. Multiply by 2 then subtract 5
4. Add 2 then get the square
5. Subtract 1 then get the cube
6. Add 1 then get the reciprocal
7. Get the square then multiply by 2
8. Get the cube then subtract 1
9. Divide by 10
10. Get the square root
B. List the first five terms of the numerical sequence

using the

th term given. Start at one.

1.

2.

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3.

4.

5.

6.

an =

n1
n+1

an =

1
n

7.

8.

9.

10.

C. Find the pattern or rule of the given sequence.

1. 4, 9, 14, 19, ...
2. 2, 10, 50, 250, ...
3. 2, 5, 9, 14, 20, ...
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Grade 10 Mathematics

4. 2, 7, 12, 17, 22, 27, ...

5. 1,

1, 1,

1, 1,

1,

6. 1, 4, 9, 16, 25,
7. 3, 1, 9, 1, 27, 1, 81,
8. S, M, T, W, T, F, S
9. A, D, G, J, M, P, S, V, Y
10. 31, 28, 31, 30, 31, 30, 31, 31, 30, 31, 30, 31
D.Find the next two terms of the given sequence.
1. 26, 17, 8,
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.

1,
1,
3,
3,
1,

1,

10, ...

3, 7, 15, 31,
2, 6, 24, 120,
10, 29, 66, 127,
1, 9, 1, 27, 1, 81,
3, 6, 10, 15, 21,

7. 1, 1,

1
,
2

8.

1 2
x,
2

1
,
6
1 3
x,
3

1
,
24

1 4
x,
4

9. 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21,
10. 1, 11, 21, 1211, 111221,

Lesson 2: Arithmetic Sequences

Objectives:
identify an arithmetic sequence

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Grade 10 Mathematics

find the

th term of an arithmetic sequence

determine arithmetic means

find the sum of the terms of a given finite or infinite
arithmetic sequence
use arithmetic sequences to model and solve real-life
problems

A. Determine whether the sequence is arithmetic. If so,

find the common difference.
1. 10, 8, 6, 4, 2,
2. 4, 9, 14, 19, 24,
3. 1, 2, 4, 8, 16,
4. 80, 40, 20, 10, 5,
5.

9
4

6. 3,

, 2,

5
,
2

7
4

3
2

2,

3
2

, 1,

5
4

7. 3.7, 4.3, 4.9, 5.5, 6.1,

8. 5.3, 5.7, 6.1, 6.5, 6.9,
9. 1, 4, 9, 16, 25,
10.

,2

,3

,4

,5

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Grade 10 Mathematics

B. Write an expression for the

th term of the

arithmetic sequence.
1. 4,

3
,
2

1,

2. 10, 5, 0,

7
,
2

5,

10,

3. 8, 20, 32, 44,

4.

6,

5.

2, 2, 6,

2, 3.7, 3.2, 2.7,

6. 40, 37, 34, 31,

7. 75, 70, 65, 60,
8. 0.5, 1.3, 2.1, 2.9,
9.

1
,
2

10. 1,

11.

1,

3
,
2

15
,
16

2,

7
,
8

5
,
2
13
,
16

3
,
4

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Grade 10 Mathematics

12.

13.

d=

14.

15.

2
3

C. Find the arithmetic means.

1. 7,

2. 5 , __

, 17

3. 3 , __

, 13

4. 0 , __

, __

5. 50 , __

, __

12

, 86

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Grade 10 Mathematics

D.Find the sum of the terms of the finite arithmetic

sequence.
1. 1, 4, 7, , 19
2.

1,

, ,

3.

5,

, 1, 3, 5

4.
5.
6.
7.
8.

15

6, 0, 6, 12, , 60
2, 4, 6, , 20
13, 16, 19, , 301
First 50 positive even integers
First 100 positive odd integers

9. Integers from

100 to 30

10. First 40 positive multiples of 4

E. Find the indicated

th partial sum of the infinite

arithmetic sequence.
1. 8,

2. 4,

3
,
2

3.

2, 3.7, 3.2, 2.7,

1,

7
,
2

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4. 10, 5, 0,

5,

10,

5. 0.5, 1.3, 2.1, 2.9,

6.

7. 1,

8.

6,

2, 2, 6,

15
,
16

7
,
8
,

13
,
16

3
,
4

9.

10.

F. Solve the following problems related to arithmetic

sequences.
1. Determine the seating capacity of an auditorium
with 30 rows of seats if there are 20 seats in the
first row, 24 seats in the second row, 28 seats in
the third row, and so on.
2. Consider a job offer with a starting annual salary
P240,000 and an annual raise P15,000.
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Grade 10 Mathematics

a. Determine the salary during the sixth year of

employment.
b. Determine the total compensation from the
company through six full years of employment.
3. A city bowling league is holding a tournament in
which the top 12 bowlers with the highest threegame totals are awarded cash prizes. First place
will win P12,000, second place P11,000, third place
P10,000, and so on.
a. Write a sequence that represents the cash prize
awarded in terms of the place in which the
bowler finishes.
b. Find the total amount of prize money awarded at
the tournament.
4. You borrowed P20,000 from a friend to purchase a
new laptop computer and have agreed to pay back
the loan with monthly payments of P2,000 plus 1%
interest on the unpaid balance.
a. Find the first six monthly payments you will
make, and the unpaid balance after each month.
b. Find the total amount of interest paid over the
term of the loan.

5.

A small time entrepreneur sells P15,000 worth of

sports memorabilia during one year and sets a goal
of increasing annual sales by P5000 each year for 9
years. Assuming that this goal is met, find the total
sales during the first 10 years of this business.

10

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Lesson 3: Geometric Sequences

Objectives:
identify a geometric sequence
find the

th term of a geometric sequence

determine geometric means

find the sum of the terms of a given finite or infinite
geometric sequence

A. Determine whether the sequence is geometric. If so,

find the common ratio.
1. 2, 4, 6, 10,
2. 1, 5, 25,
3. 9, 3, 1,
4. 1, 3, 9,
5. 2, 5, 8, 11, 14,
6. 8, 12, 18, 27,
7. 10, 10, 10,
8. 1, 8, 27, 64, 125,
9.

10.

11

4
,
3
1
,
2

2, 3,

1
,
3

9
,
2
2
,
3

1
,
4

3
,
4

1
,
5

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Grade 10 Mathematics

B. Write an expression for the

th term of the

geometric sequence.
1. 1, 2, 4, 8,
2. 2, 6, 18, 54,
3. 64, 32, 16, 8,
4. 3, 6, 12, 24,
5. 7, 21, 63, 189, . . .
6.

9
,
4

27
,
8

7.

8.

r=

1
2

9.

r=

1
3

r=

10.

12

3
,
2

81
,
16

1
4

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C. Find the indicated

th term of the geometric

sequence.
1. 9th term: 11, 33, 99, . . .
2. 7th term: 3, 36, 432, . . .
3. 10th term: 5, 30, 180, . . .
4. 22nd term: 4, 8, 16, . . .

1
,
2

5. 8th term:

1
,
8

1
,
32

1
,
128

D.Find the geometric means.

1. 5,

2. 2,

3. 4,

4. 1,

5.

1
24

E. Find the sum of the finite geometric sequence.

1. 10, 30, 90, ..., 7290
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Grade 10 Mathematics

2. 9, 18, 36, , 1152

3. 3, 6, 12, 24,
4. 7, 21, 63, 189, . . .

1
2

5. 2,

1
8

6. 15,

1
2048

, ,

3
5

3,

, ,

3
625

1
81

7. 27, 9, 3, ,

8. 2, 4, 8, , 256
9.

1
10

10.

, 1, 10, , 10,000

3
8

3
4

3
2

, , 24

F. If possible, find the sum of the infinite geometric

sequence.
1. 1,

14

1
2

1
4

1
,
8

...

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2. 1,

3
2

9
4

, ...

3. 1,

1
3

1
9

, ...

4. 1,

1
10

1
100

5. 1,

1
2

1
4

1
,
8

...

1
2

1
,
4

...

6. 2,

, ...

7. 100, 50, 25,

8. 64, 32, 16, 8,
9.

10.

20, 10,

100, 50,

5,

25,

G.Use the sum of an infinite geometric sequence to

write the following repeating decimals as fractions.
1. 0.666
2. 0.121212
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3. 3.222
4. 1.555
5. 1.272727
H.Solve the following problems related to arithmetic
sequences.
1. Sallys father told her that if she behaved well, he
would put a 5-peso coin in her piggy bank at the
end of 1 week, two 5-peso coins at the end of 2
weeks, four 5-peso coins at the end of 3 weeks,
and so on, doubling the number of 5-peso coins
each successive week. At this rate, in how many
weeks would a single deposit amount to P320?
2. You had 364 pieces of candy. You ate 1 piece the
first hour, 3 pieces the second hour, 9 pieces the
third hour, 27 pieces the fourth hour, and so on.
How long did it take to eat all the candy?
3. A principal of P50000 is invested at 6% interest.
Find the amount after 10 years if the interest is
compounded (a) annually, (b) semiannually, (c)
quarterly, (d) monthly, and (e) daily.
4. A company buys a machine for P175,000 and it
depreciates at a rate of 30% per year. (In other
words, at the end of each year the depreciated
value is 70% of what it was at the beginning of the
year.) Find the depreciated value of the machine
after 5 full years.
5. An investment firm has a job opening with a salary
of P450,000 for the first year. Suppose that during
the next 39 years, there is a 5% raise each year.
Find the total compensation over the 40-year
period.

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Grade 10 Mathematics

Lesson 4: Other Types of Sequences

Objectives:
identify the type of a given sequence
find harmonic means

A. State whether the sequence is arithmetic, geometric,

Fibonacci-type, harmonic, or none of these. Then,
give the next term of the sequence.
1. 15, 30, 45, 75,
2. 15, 20, 26, 33,
3. 3, 3, 3, 3,

4.

1
17

1
14

1
11

1
8

5. 5, 10, 20, 40,

6. 5, 10, 15, 25,
7. 5, 10, 20, 35,
8. 5, 50, 500, 5,000,
9. 5, 50, 5, 50,

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Grade 10 Mathematics

1
5

10.

1
10

1
15

1
20

B. Find the harmonic means.

18

1.

1
4

2.

1
3

3.

1
3

4.

1
3

5.

1
6

1
8

,
,

1
10

1
9

1
7

,
,
,
,

1
12

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