Discount
Marked Price
You might have seen while buying goods that on
every article there is a price marked. This price is
known as the marked price. Marked price is also
called list price or printed price. Marked price is
abbreviated as MP.
List Price
Elect rical goods, electr onics and ot her t hings
which are manufactured in a factory are marked
accroding to the price list supplied by the factory,
at which the retailer is supposed to sell them.
This price is known as the list price. For books
etc, the printed price is marked price.
Discount
In order to clear the stocks or to increase sales,
sometimes shopkeepers offer a certain per cent of
rebate on the marked price for cash payments. This
rebate is known as discount.
The customer or buyer pays t he diff er ence
between the marked price and discount. Thus,
Selling Price = Marked Price Discount
It should be noted that discount is given on
the marked price only.
Successive Discounts
When two or more discounts are allowed one after
the ot her , then such discounts are known as
successive discounts.
In successiv e discount s, f ir st discount is
subtracted from the marked price to get net price
after the first discount. Taking this price as the
new mar ked pr ice, t he second discount is
calculated and it is subtracted from it to get net
price after the second discount. Continuing in this
manner, we finally obtain the net selling price.
The following examples will illustrate the above
procedure.
Hyundai Motors offers a series of discounts
20% and 5% and Maruti Suzuki offers a
discount series 5% and 20% . Which of the
two offers is beneficial to the customer?
Let us see how we can calculate the single
discount equivalent to successive discounts.
( i ) Hyundai Motors
Discount series = 20% , 5%
100 20
= Rs 20
100
Net amount = Rs 100 Rs 20 = Rs 80
Second discount = 5%
Amount of second discount
= Rs
80 5
= Rs 4
100
Price to be paid by the customer
= Rs 80 Rs 4 = Rs 76
( i ) Maruti Suzuki
Discount series = 5% , 20%
First discount = 5%
Amount of first discount
= Rs
100 5
= Rs 5
100
Net amount = Rs 100 Rs 5 = Rs 95
Second discount = 20%
Amount of second discount
= Rs
95 20
= Rs 19
100
Price to be paid by the customer
= Rs 95 Rs 19 = Rs 76
Thus, selling prices of both the companies are
equal. There is no difference in selling price and
the customer may buy goods from any one.
Note: We have seen in the above example that it
makes no difference if we change the order
of the discount series. By cummulative law
of multiplication discount series 30% and
10% is equal to the discount series 10%
and 30% . Similarly series 25% , 15% and
15%, 25% are also equal.
In the abov e example, selling pr ices of
80
95
and
t wo f ir ms are Rs 100
100 100
95
80
are equal.
Rs 100
100 100
= Rs
Cash Discount
When a retailer purchases some goods from a
manufacturer or wholesaler, he gets an invoice.
The meaning of invoice is a list of goods sold or
302
services provided together with the prices charged.
The terms of the payment of the bills are written
on it. If the retailer makes the payment according
to them, then he gets some discount for cash
payment. This discount is called cash discount.
2
1
n
,
,
, ..... ie a
10
20
30
discount of 2% if the payment is made within 10
days, a discount of 1% if the payment is made
between 10th and 20th days and the payment must
be made within 30 days. The buyer thinks whether
he should make the payment early or notas on
one side he gets 2% discount for cash payment
on the other he can have interest on the money
for 1 month.
For example, an invoice is given below, what
will be payment if the payment is made in 2 days?
Quantity
Article
Rate
4 dozen
Pencils
Rs 6 per dozen
3 dozen
Pens
Rs 36 per dozen
4 dozen
Erasers
Rs 12 per dozen
The terms are like this:
3
n
,
10
30
First of all, we will find the amount of the bill
for the goods mentioned in the invoice.
Now, cost of 4 dozen pencils
= Rs 6 4 = Rs 24
cost of 3 dozen pens
= Rs 36 3 = Rs 108
cost of 4 dozen erasers
= Rs 12 4 = Rs 48
Total amount = Rs 24 + Rs 108 + Rs 48 = Rs 180
Accor ding to t he t er ms ment ioned in t he
invoice, 3% discount will be given if the payment
is made withing 10 days.
Discount for payment in 2 days
Terms :
Concept of Arithmetic
included the tax known as Value Added Tax (VAT).
For example, Samir bought the following articles
from a departmental store:
Item
Quantity
Rate per
item (Rs)
Rate of
sales tax
Shirts
200.00
8%
Pair of shoes
350.00
10%
Television
Tea Set
1
1
10900.00
750.00
10%
8%
800 = Rs 64
= Rs
100
700 = Rs 70
= Rs
100
10900 = Rs 1090
= Rs
100
K KUNDAN
3
= Rs 5.40
= Rs 180
100
750 = Rs 60
= Rs
100
330 = Rs 3000.
the original price = Rs
110
303
Discount
Solved Examples
Ex. 1:
Soln:
Ex. 2:
Soln:
45
600 = Rs 270
= Rs
100
SP = MP Discount
= Rs 600 Rs 270 = Rs 330
Thus, t he amount I need t o pay is
Rs 330.
A fan marked at Rs 540 is offered at
Rs 496.80 due to off season. Find the
rate of discount offered.
Marked price of the fan = Rs 540
Off season price = Rs 496.80
Amount of off season discount
= Rs 540 Rs 496.80 = Rs 43.20
Ex. 5:
Soln:
Ex. 6:
Soln:
120 95
= Rs 114
= Rs
100
Since CP of the goods is Rs 100, hence
the profit per cent = (114 100 =) 14%.
A shopkeeper offers his customers 10%
discount and still makes a profit of
26%. What is the actual cost to him of
an article marked Rs 280?
We have, marked price = Rs 280.
Discount = 10% on marked price
10
280 = Rs 28
= Rs
100
SP = MP Discount = Rs (280 28 )
= Rs 252
Now, SP = Rs 252 and Gain = 26%
43.20
100 = 8%
540
List price of a Video cassette is Rs 100.
A dealer sells three Video cassettes for
Rs 274.50 after allowing discount at
certain rate. Find the rate of discount
allowed.
We have,
List price of one Video cassette = Rs 100
List price of three Video cassettes
= Rs 300
SP of three Video cassettes = Rs 274.50
Discount = Rs (300 274.50) = Rs 25.50
Rate of discount =
Ex. 3:
K KUNDAN
Soln:
Ex. 4:
Soln:
25.50
100 = 8.5%
Rate of discount =
300
100
88
When SP is Rs 880, MP
100
880 = Rs 1000
= Rs
88
CP =
100
SP
100 Gain%
100
252
= Rs
100 26
Ex. 7:
Soln:
100
252 = Rs 200
= Rs
126
= Rs 100
= Rs 400
100
100
required loss per cent =
320
1
25
6 %
=
4
4
304
Ex. 8:
Soln:
Concept of Arithmetic
A shopkeeper marks his goods at such
a price that after allowing a discount
of 12.5% for cash payment, he still
m akes a pr ofi t of 10%. Fi nd t he
marked price of an article which costs
him Rs 245.
We have,
CP of the article = Rs 245
Gain = 10%
SP =
x
7x
= Rs x = Rs
8
8
7x
245
Profit = SP CP = Rs
8
7x
8 245
100
Profit % =
245
100 Gain %
CP
100
100 10
245
= Rs
100
7x
8 245
100 = 10
245
110
245 = Rs 269.50
= Rs
100
or,
70x
2450 = 245
8
(2450 245 ) 8
or, x = Rs
70
100
87.5
When SP is Rs 269.50, MP
2695 8
21560
= Rs
= Rs
70
70
= Rs 308
Hence, the marked price of the article is
Rs 308.
A
cycl e m erchant
al lows 25%
commission on his advertised price and
still makes a profit of 20%. If he gains
Rs 60 over the sale of one cycle, find
his advertised price.
Let the advertised price be Rs 100.
Commission on advertised price = 25%
= Rs 25
SP = Advertised price Commission
= Rs 100 Rs 25 = Rs 75
We have, profit = 20%
K KUNDAN
100
875
= Rs
11
875
, then marked price is Rs
If CP is
11
100.
If CP is Rs 245, then marked price is
100 11 245
= Rs 308
Rs
875
x
12 .5
x = Rs
Discount = Rs
100
Ex. 9:
Soln:
CP =
100
SP
100 Gain%
100
75
= Rs
100 20
100
75 = Rs 62.5
=
120
Gain = SP CP = Rs 75 62.5
= Rs 12.5
Now,
If the gain is Rs 12.5, advertised price
= Rs 100
If the gain is Re 1, advertised price
= Rs
100
12 .5
305
Discount
If the gain is Rs 60, advertised price
100
60 = Rs 480
= Rs
12.5
Hence, advertised price of the cycle is Rs
480.
Ex. 10: A
cycl e m erchant
al lows 25%
commission on his advertised price and
still makes a profit of 20%. If he gains
Rs 60 over the sale of the one cycle,
find his cost price.
Soln:
Let the advertised price be Rs 100.
Commission on advertised price = 25%
= Rs 25
SP = Advertised price Commission
= Rs 100 Rs 25 = Rs 75
We have, profit = 20%
CP =
100
SP
100 Gain%
Soln:
100 10
= Rs 432
Selling price = 480
100
100
= Rs 400
Cost price = 432
100 8
If there is no discount, SP = Rs 480
480 400
100 = 20%
400
Ex. 13: A deal er bought a hor se at 20%
discount on its original price. He sold
it at a 40% increase on the original
price. What percentage of profit did he
get?
Soln:
Let the original CP = Rs 100
Dealers CP = 100 20% of 100 = Rs 80
Dealers SP = 100 + 40% of 100 = Rs 140
% profit =
140 80
= 75%
80
Ex. 14: If a discount of 10% is given on the
m arked pr i ce of an ar t i cl e, t he
shopkeeper gets a profit of 20%. Find
hi s per cent profi t i f he offers a
discount of 20% on the same article.
Soln:
Suppose the marked price = Rs 100
Then selling price at 10% discount
= Rs (100 10) = Rs 90
Since he gets 20% profit, his cost price
Dealers profit % =
100
75
= Rs
100 20
100
75 = Rs 62.5
= Rs
120
Profit = SP CP
= Rs 75 Rs 62.5 = Rs 12.5
Now,
If the gain is Rs 12.5, then CP is Rs
62. 5.
If the gain is Rs 60, then CP is Rs
K KUNDAN
62.5
60 = Rs 300.
12.5
100
= Rs 75
= 90
120
Now, at 20% discount, the selling price
= Rs (100 20) = Rs 80
Thus his % profit
80 75
500 20
2
100
6 %
75
75
3
3
Ex. 15: An article is marked at a price which
gives a profit of 25%. After allowing a
certain discount, the profit reduces to
=
125
125
= Rs 125
1000
125
875
= Rs
= Rs 125
8
875
, then
8
8 100 875
= Rs 800
price = Rs
875
1
%. Find the discount per cent.
2
Let the CP of an article be Rs 100. Then,
to attain a profit of 25% , marked price
must be 25% more than the cost price.
marked price = Rs 100 + Rs 25
= Rs 125
After allowing a certain discount the profit
12
Soln:
reduces to 12
Therefore,
= 12
1
%.
2
Profit = 12
1
% of CP
2
1
1
% of Rs 100 = Rs 12
2
2
306
Concept of Arithmetic
SP = CP + Profit = Rs 100 + 12
= Rs 112
1
2
1
2
Now, MP = SP + Discount
Discount = MP SP
= Rs 125 Rs 112
1
1
= Rs 12
2
2
Discount
100
Discount % =
MP
12
100 = 10
=
125
200
7 100 = 40%
500
50x
3x
= Rs
= Rs x
100
2
Discount = 40% of the marked price
= 40% of Rs
3x
2
40
3x
3x
= Rs
=
2 100
5
Selling Price = Marked Price Discount
9x
3x 3x
= Rs
=
5
2
10
Since Selling Price < Cost Price, there is
a loss and it is given by
9x
x
= Rs
Loss = CP SP = Rs x
10
10
K KUNDAN
100
119 = Rs 140
Marked Price = Rs
85
100
SP
Cost Price =
100
Profit
%
100
500
85 = Rs
=
119
7
Increase in marked price with respect to
cost price
= Rs 100 Rs
500
200
= Rs
7
7
4800
= Rs
100
= Rs 240
Net price after discount
= Rs 4800 Rs 240 = Rs 4560
Second discount = 2% of Rs 4560
2
4560
= Rs
100
= Rs 91.20
Net price after discount
= Rs 4560 Rs 91.20 = Rs 4468.80
307
Discount
Alternative Method: ( By Rule of
Fraction)
Marked Price = Rs 4800
First discount = 5%
Second discount = 2%
Net selling price of the goods is the actual
price you have to pay
Selling Price
= Marked Price
100
100
100 5 100 2
= Rs 4800
100 100
4800 95 98
= Rs
100 100
= Rs 4468.80
Ex. 19: Find the single discount equivalent to
successive discounts of 15% and 20%.
Soln:
Let the marked price be Rs 100.
Then, first discount = 15% of Rs 100
= Rs 15
Net price after first discount
= Rs 100 Rs 15 = Rs 85
Second discount = 20% of Rs 85
Soln:
10
18000
= Rs
100
= Rs 1800
Net price after first discount
= Rs 18000 Rs 1800 = Rs 16200
Second discount = 5% of Rs 16200
5
16200
= Rs
100
= Rs 810
Net price after second discount
= Rs 16200 Rs 810 = Rs 15390
Third discount = 2% of Rs 15390
2
15390
= Rs
100
= Rs 307.80
Net price after third discount
= Rs (15390 307.80) = Rs 15082.20
Hence, net selling price is Rs 15082.20
Alternative Method: (By Rule of Fraction)
Net selling price
100 10 100 5
= Rs 18000
100 100
K KUNDAN
20
85
= Rs
100
= Rs 17
Net price after second discount
= Rs 85 Rs 17 = Rs 68
Total discount = Rs (15 + 17) = Rs 32
Hence, the equivalent single discount
= Rs 32 on MP of Rs 100 = 32%
Alternative Method: ( By Rule of
Fraction)
Let the marked price be 100
First discount = 15% and
Second discount = 20%
Net selling price of the goods is the actual
price you have to pay
Selling Price
100 15 100 20
= Rs 100
100 100
100 85 80
= Rs
= Rs 68
100 100
Equivalent discount
= Marked Price Selling Price
= 100 68 = 32%
Ex. 20: An ol d scoot er i s sol d at t hr ee
successive discounts of 10%, 5% and
2%. If the marked price of the scooter
is Rs 18000, find its net selling price.
100 2
100
= Rs 18000
90
95
98
18 9 95 98
100
= Rs 15082.20
Ex. 21: Two successive discounts of 20% and
5% are allowed on an article whose
net selling price is Rs 380. Find its
marked price.
Soln:
Let the marked price be Rs 100.
Then, first discount = 20% of Rs 100
= Rs 20
Net price after first discount
= Rs (100 20) = Rs 80
Second discount = 5% of Rs 80
= Rs
80
= Rs
100
= Rs 4
Net price after second discount
= Rs (80 4) = Rs 76
Thus, net selling price after two discounts
= Rs 76
Now,
If SP of Rs 76, MP = Rs 100
308
Concept of Arithmetic
If SP is Re 1, MP = Rs
100
76
100
380
If SP is Rs 380, MP = Rs
76
= Rs 500
Hence, marked price = Rs 500.
Alternative Method: (By Rule of Fraction)
Selling Price = Rs 380
Let the marked price be Rs x.
Now, according to the question,
20
90 = Rs 18
= Rs
100
100 20 100 5
380 = x
100 100
or, 380 = x
80
95
100 100
10
72
= Rs
100
= Rs 7.20
CP of the article = Rs (72 + 7.20)
= Rs 79.20
Profit = 15%
10
160
= Rs
100
= Rs 16
Net price after first discount
= Rs (160 16) = Rs 144
SP of watch = Rs 122.40
Second discount = Rs (144 122.40)
= Rs 21.60
Since second discount is on Rs 144 ie
price after first discount.
Rate of second discount
SP =
100 Profit %
CP
100
100 15
79 .20 = Rs 91.08
= Rs
100
K KUNDAN
21.60
100 % = 15%
=
144
122.40 = 160
100 100
90 (100 x )
Terms: Cash 3,
Soln:
2
1
n
,
,
. Find
10
20
30
18575 3
discount = Rs
100
= Rs 557.25
(ii) As the payment is made of 9th day,
2% discount is allowed.
18575 2
discount = Rs
100
= Rs 371.50
(iii) When the payment is made on 17th
day, 1% discount is allowed.
18575 1
discount = Rs
100
= Rs 185.75
309
Discount
(iv) In case the payment is made after 20
days, no discount is given.
When the payment is made on the
28th day, there is no discount.
Ex. 25: George bought a VCR at the list price
of Rs 18500. If the rate of sales tax
was 8%, find the amount he had to
pay for purchasing the VCR.
Soln:
List price of VCR = Rs 18500
Rate of sales tax = 8%
Sales tax = 8% of Rs 18500
12x
3x
= Rs
100
25
Sales tax on necktie = 10% of Rs y
= Rs
8
18500 = Rs 1480
=
100
So, total amount which George had to pay
for purchasing the VCR
= Rs 18500 + Rs 1480 = Rs 19980
Ex. 26: The price of a TV set inclusive of sales
tax is Rs 13530. If the rate of sales
tax is 10%, find its basic price.
Soln:
Let the basic price of TV set be Rs x.
Th en ,
Sales tax at the rate of 10% on Rs x
= Rs
10y
y
= Rs
100
10
3x
28x
= Rs
= Rs x
and,
25
25
Selling price of necktie
y
11y
= Rs
= Rs y
10
10
But selling prices of shirt and necktie are
Rs 336 and Rs 110 respectively.
10
x
x = Rs
= Rs
100
10
Thus, the sale price of the TV set
x
11x
= Rs
= Rs x
10
10
It is given that the sale price of the TV set
is Rs 13530.
11x
= 13530
10
28x
11y
= 336 and
= 110
25
10
K KUNDAN
or, x =
336 25
110 10
and y =
28
11
or, x = 300 and y = 100
Hence, the total printed price of the shirt
and necktie
= Rs (300 + 100) = Rs 400
or, x =
13530 10
= 12300
11
Practice Exercise
1.
2.
3.
4.
1
that after allowing a discount of 12 % on
2
the marked price, he earns a profit of 20% .
5.
6.
7.
8.
310
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
Concept of Arithmetic
How much per cent above the cost price must
a person mark his goods so that even after
giving a discount of 10% , a profit of 10% is
made?
A trader bought some goods at a discount of
20% of the list price. He wants to mark them
at such a price that he can give a discount of
20% on the marked price and still make a
profit of 25% . Find the per cent of the list
price at which he should mark the goods.
In a shop, the prices of all goods are marked
15% above the cost price and 5% discount is
allowed on all sales. In a certain month, the
business expenses of the shop amounted to
Rs 6,500 and the owner realised a profit of
6%. Find the cost prices of goods sold by the
shop during the month.
A company gives discount to its customers at
15% on the list price and thus makes a profit
of 19% . If the cost of production goes up by
12% , company issues a new price list in
which cost of all goods have been increased
by 10%. If company continue to give discount
of 15% on t he list pr ice, f ind the pr ofit
percentage.
Which is the profitable bargain for a consumer
(i) The successive discount s of 20% and
15% .
(ii) The successive discount s of 10% and
25% .
Two dealers offer an article at the same list
price. The first allows discount 20% , 10%
and 5% , the other of 15% , 12% and 8% .
Which is a better offer for the customer?
The marked price of an article is Rs 800. A
retailer purchases it after two successive
discounts for Rs 540. The first discount of it
was 25%. Find the rate of second discount.
By how much above the cost should the goods
be marked for sale, so that after allowing a
trade discount of 20% and a cash discount of
6.25%, a net gain of 20% on the cost is made?
A dealer buys a table listed at Rs 1500 and
gets successive discounts of 20% and 10% .
He spends Rs 20 on transportation and sells
it at a profit of 10%. Find the selling price of
the table.
A manufacturer marks his goods at 40% above
the cost price. He allows a discount of 10%
for the cash customers and 5% to the credit
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
4
2
n
,
,
.
10 20 30
Find the amount she will have to pay if the
payment is made on the 7th day.
A shopkeeper fixed selling price of his goods
at 20% above cost price. He sells half the
stock at this price, one quarter of the stock at
the discount of 15% and the remaining at
the discount of 50% on the marked selling
price. What is his gain or loss per cent?
A sells an item at Rs 100 less than the list
price and receives 10% of his selling price
as commission. B sells the same item at Rs
200 less than the list price and receives 20%
of his selling price as his commission. If they
both get the same commission. What is the
list price of the item?
Two retailers A and B purchase one computer
each from a wholesaler at the r ate of Rs
40000. First retailer A sells the computer at a
profit of 20% while t he second ret ailer B
enhances t he rat e by 30% and sells the
computer at 8% rebate. Find the profit of each
A and B.
A shopkeeper marks his goods at 20% above
his cost price. He sells three-fourth of his
goods at t he mar ked pr ice. He sells t he
remaining goods at 50% of the marked price.
Determine his profit per cent on the whole
transaction.
16800 on the terms of cash 5,
K KUNDAN
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
3
th of the goods are sold for cash
5
and rest on credit. What is the percentage of
customers.
24.
25.
26.
27.
311
Discount
2.
We have,
List price of one Video cassette = Rs 100
List price of three Video cassettes = Rs 300
SP of three Video cassettes = Rs 274.50
Discount = Rs (300 274.50) = Rs 25.50
5.
25x
5x
= Rs
= Rs x
100
4
Discount = 8% of the marked price
25.50
100 = 8.5%
Rate of discount =
300
8
x
5x
= Rs
= Rs
4 100
10
Selling Price = Marked Price Discount
x
5x
25 x 2x
= Rs
= Rs
20
4 10
120 85
= Rs 102
100
Gain % = Rs 102 Rs 100 = 2%
Let the marked price of the item be Rs 100.
Discount = 10%
Discounted price for the shopkeeper
= Rs (100 10) = Rs 90
Sales tax = 8% of the discounted price
= 8% of Rs 90
3x
23 x
x = Rs
Gain = SP CP = Rs
20
20
90 = Rs 7.20
= Rs
100
Alternative Method:
Let the CP of the article be Rs 100.
Marked price of the article = Rs 125
The trader allows a discount of 8% .
SP = (100 8)% of Rs 125
Selling Price = Rs
3.
= Rs
23x
20
3x
20
100 = 15%
Gain % =
x
K KUNDAN
4.
CP
100 20
1400
= Rs
100
120 1400
= Rs 1680
= Rs
100
1680
When SP is Rs 1680, MP = Rs
87.5
= Rs 1920
125 92
= Rs 115
100
Since the CP of the article is Rs 100, hence
the profit per cent = (115 100 =) 15%
Let the cost price be Rs x.
Marked price = Rs (x + 20% of x)
= Rs
6.
20x
6x
= Rs
= Rs x
100
5
Gain % = 14%
100 Gain%
CP
Selling Price =
100
100 14
57x
x = Rs
= Rs
100
50
Discount = Marked Price Selling Price
6x 57 x
3x
= Rs
= Rs
50
5
50
3x
50 100 3x 5 100
Rate of discount =
6x
50 6x
5
= 5%
312
7.
Concept of Arithmetic
Suppose the marked price = Rs 100
Then selling price at 20% discount
= Rs (100 20) = Rs 80
Since he gets 20% profit, his cost price
200
100
80 5
= Rs 80
= Rs
= Rs
100 20
6
3
Now, at 10% discount, the selling price
= Rs (100 10) = Rs 90
Profit = Selling Price Cost Price
25 80
Selling price = Rs 80
100
200
70
= Rs
= Rs 90
3
3
Thus, his per cent profit
70
3 100 70 3 100
=
= 35%
200
3 200
3
8.
100
= Rs 250
Cost price = Rs 300
100 20
Here, marked price is the selling price
= Rs 300.
New selling price (during the sale season)
100 10
= Rs 270
= Rs 300
100
Gain = Selling Price Cost Price
= Rs (270 250) = Rs 20
or,
20 x
100
100
100 x 20 x
100
100
10000
125
80
The marked price of the goods should be
Rs 125.
Hence the trader should mark the price of
the goods (125 100 =) 25% above the list
price.
11. Let the cost price of the goods sold during
the month be Rs 100x.
Marked price, 15% above the cost price
= Rs 115x
Sales price after 5% discount on marked price
or, x =
K KUNDAN
20
100 = 8%
250
Let the CP be Rs 100.
We have, Gain = 10% of CP = Rs 10
SP = CP + Gain = Rs 100 + Rs 10 = Rs 110
The person allows a discount of 10% . This
means that when marked price is Rs 100,
then SP is Rs 90.
Now,
If Rs 90 is the SP, then marked price is Rs
100.
If Rs 110 is the SP, then marked price is
Gain % =
9.
1100
100
110 = Rs
Rs
90
9
Hence, the person must mark his goods
2
1100
200
100
22 % above the cost
9
9
9
price.
10. Let the list price be Rs 100.
Cost price after 20% discount
20
100
= Rs 100
100
= Rs (100 20) = Rs 80
95 115 x
100
Expenses during the month = Rs 6500
Owners profit = 6%
So, according to the question,
95 115x
6500 106x
100
or, 95 115x 106x 100 = 650000
or, 10925x 10600x = 650000
or, 325x = 650000
650000
= Rs 2000
325
But CP is 100x = 100 2000 = Rs 200000.
12. Let the marked price be Rs 100
Selling price = Rs (100 15) = Rs 85
or, x =
100
Cost price at 19% profit = 85 (100 19)
85 100
500
= Rs
119
7
New cost of production after increase of 12%
=
500 112
= Rs 80
7
100
New list price is Rs (100 + 10) = Rs 110
=
313
Discount
New selling price after discount of 15%
110 85
100 15
=
= 110
= Rs 93.50
100
100
Profit = Selling Price Cost of Production
= Rs (93.50 80) = Rs 13.50
13.50
100 = 16.875%
80
13. ( i ) Let the list price be Rs 100
In first case,
Profit % =
20
100
= Rs 20
Price after first discount = Rs (100 20)
= Rs 80
Now, second discount of 15%
15 80
= Rs 12
= Rs
100
Net price = Rs (80 12) = Rs 68
( i i) First discount 10%
10
= Rs 10
100
Price after first discount = Rs (100 10)
= Rs 90
Now,
= Rs 100
8 74.80
= Rs 68.816
100
It can be seen from the above that the first
discount series is more favourable.
15. Marked price of an article = Rs 800
First discount = 25% of Rs 800
= 74.80
25
= Rs 200
= Rs 800
100
100 %
Rate of second discount =
600
= 10%
16. Let the marked price be Rs 100
Price after discount of 20%
20 100
100
= Rs 80
100
6.25 80
= Rs 75
= Rs 80
100
K KUNDAN
25 90
100
= Rs 22.50
Net price = Rs 90 22.50 = Rs 67.50
This way it can be seen that the second
offer is more beneficial to the consumer.
14. Let the marked price be Rs 100
First discount series 20%, 10% and 5%
Cost price after 20% discount
Second discount of 25% =
20 100
= Rs 80
100
Cost price after 10% discount
= 100
10 80
= Rs 72
100
Cost price after 5% discount
= 80
5 72
= Rs 68.40
100
Second discount series 15%, 12% and 8%
Cost price after 15% discount
= 72
15 100
= Rs 85
100
Cost price after 12% discount
= 100
= 85
12 85
= Rs 74.80
100
100 20
100 = Rs 120
SP = Rs
100
Now a discount of 25% is allowed. This means
that when marked price is Rs 100, then SP
is Rs (100 25) = Rs 75
Now,
If Rs 75 is the SP, then maked price is
Rs 100.
If Rs 120 is the SP, then maked price is
100
120 = Rs 160
Rs
75
1500 = Rs 1200
= Rs
100
1200 = Rs 1080
= Rs
100
314
Concept of Arithmetic
Transportation cost = Rs 20
Effective cost price = Rs 1080 + Rs 20
= Rs 1100
Profit = 10%
100 Profit%
Cost Price
Selling Price =
100
100 10
1100
= Rs
100
110
1100 = Rs 1210
= Rs
100
40 100
= Rs (100 + 40) = Rs 140
100
According to the question,
7x
107x
= Rs
= Rs x
100
100
But the selling price of the set is Rs 2568.
107x
= 2568
100
2568 100
= Rs 2400.
107
Hence, the reduction needed in the price of
the radio = Rs (2568 2400) = Rs 168
2 0 . Let the rate of sales tax be x%. Then
Sales tax = x% of Rs 420
or, x =
21x
x
420 = Rs
= Rs
100
= 100
He sells
3
th of his goods on cash at 10%
5
discount
21x
Marked price of
3
th goods
5
3
140 = Rs 84
5
10% discount = Rs 8.40
=
21x
= 441
5
21x
= 21
5
x = 5
Hence, the rate of sales tax is 5%.
21. Marked price of motorcycle = Rs 46000
Discount = 5% of Rs 46000
5
46000 = Rs 2300
= Rs
100
43700 = Rs 4370
= Rs
100
K KUNDAN
3
th goods
5
= Rs 84 Rs 8.40 = Rs 75.60
Selling price of
He sells
2
th of the goods on credit at 5%
5
discount.
So, marked price of
2
th goods
5
2
140 = Rs 56
5
5% discount = 56
5
= Rs 2.80
100
2
th goods
5
= Rs (56 2.80) = Rs 53.20
Selling price of goods under both category
= Rs (75.60 + 53.20) = Rs 128.80
Profit = Selling price Cost price
= Rs (128.80 100) = Rs 28.80
Profit = 28.80%
19. Let the reduced price, excluding the sales
tax, of the radio be Rs x. Then,
Selling price of
Sales tax = 7% of Rs x = Rs
7x
100
25630 110
= Rs 28193
100
Let the rate of discount given = x%
According to the question,
= Rs
28193 x
= 25630
100
or, 2819300 28193x = 100 25630
28193
or, x =
9
28193
11
11
1
%
11
315
Discount
23. Cost price of washing machine = Rs 16800.
As the payment is made on the 7th day, cash
discount of 4% is allowed.
16800 4
= Rs 672
Discount = Rs
100
= Rs 450
Discount (at 15%) = Rs 3000
100
= Rs 900
Discount = Rs 3000
100
20
( x 200 )
Bs commission = Rs
100
x 200
= Rs
5
x 100 x 200
10
5
or, 10x 2000 = 5x 500
or, 10x 5x = 2000 500
or, 5x = 1500
1500
= 300
5
Hence, the marked price of the article
= Rs 300
26. Cost price of first retailer A = Rs 40000
He sells it at a profit of 20%.
x =
20
= Rs 8000
100
CP of second retailer ie B = Rs 40000
He marks it at 30% profit.
His profit = 40000
100 30
100
= 400 130 = Rs 52000
Bs SP after giving 8% rebate becomes
His marked price = 40000
K KUNDAN
650 100
= 6.5%
10000
25. Let the marked price of article be Rs x.
For salesman A,
SP of article = Rs (x 100)
Gain % =
10
(x 100 )
As commission = Rs
100
x 100
= Rs
10
For salesman B,
SP of article = Rs (x 200)
(100 8)
100
= Rs (520 92) = Rs 47840
Bs profit = Rs (47840 40000) = Rs 7840
27. Let the shopkeeper have 100 articles and the
cost of each article be Rs 100.
Total CP = Rs (100 100) = Rs 10000
Now, CP of each article be Rs 120.
According to the question,
= Rs 52000
1
3
500
100 = 5%
10000