U7390 LMDS Technical Description

ALCATEL LMDS SOLUTION
TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION
LMDS Technical description Ed 10

THE INFORMATION CONTAINED IN THIS DOCUMENT SHALL REMAIN THE SOLE AND EXCLUSIVE PROPERTY OF ALCATEL AND SHALL NOT BE DISCLOSED BY THE RECIPIENT TO THIRD PERSONS WITHOUT THE WRITTEN CONSENT OF THE COMPANY
CONTENTS
1
INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................................2
1.1
MARKET CONSIDERATIONS........................................................................................................................ 2
1.2
ALCATEL LMDS MAIN FEATURES ............................................................................................................. 3
ARCHITECTURE & APPLICATIONS .......................................................................4
2.1
GENERAL ........................................................................................................................................................... 4
2.2
ARCHITECTURE............................................................................................................................................... 5
2.2.1
General description ....................................................................................................................................... 5
2.2.2
Hardware description.................................................................................................................................... 7
2.3
APPLICATIONS............................................................................................................................................... 13
2.3.1
Leased-lines services .................................................................................................................................. 13
2.3.2
Bursty data services .................................................................................................................................... 14
2.3.3
Voice services ............................................................................................................................................. 16
TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION...................................................................................17
3.1
SYSTEM DESCRIPTION ................................................................................................................................ 17
3.1.1
Network interfaces...................................................................................................................................... 17
3.1.2
Subscriber interfaces................................................................................................................................... 18
3.1.3
Radio interface............................................................................................................................................ 20
3.2
COMPONENT DESCRIPTION ...................................................................................................................... 28
3.2.1
Base Station ................................................................................................................................................ 28
3.2.2
Terminal Station ......................................................................................................................................... 30
3.2.3
Network management system ..................................................................................................................... 33
3.2.4
Technical characteristics (typical values) ................................................................................................... 37
SYSTEM PLANNING & DIMENSIONING ...............................................................38
4.1
LINK BUDGETS............................................................................................................................................... 38
4.2
FREQUENCY RE-USE .................................................................................................................................... 38
SERVICES...............................................................................................................40
5.1
ALL-IN-ONETM : GLOBAL PACKAGE, EASY SERVICE ......................................................................... 40
5.2
ALL-IN-ONETM DOMAINS OVERVIEW ..................................................................................................... 42
5.3
STANDARDS SETS OF SERVICES APPLICABLE TO LMDS................................................................. 45
5.3.1
Anticipation Program Set of services.......................................................................................................... 45
5.3.2
Turn-key deployment set of services .......................................................................................................... 45
GLOSSARY OF ABBREVIATIONS ........................................................................48

FIGURE TABLE
Figure 1 - APPLICATION MODEL .................................................................................................................................. 5
Figure 2 - EQUIPMENT DEFINITION ............................................................................................................................. 7
Figure 3 - LEASED LINES SERVICES .......................................................................................................................... 13
Figure 4 - BROADBAND DATA SERVICES................................................................................................................. 15
Figure 5 - ADVANCED IP BASED SERVICES (Multiple Business Tenant Example) ................................................. 15
Figure 6 - SWITCHED TELEPHONY SERVICES......................................................................................................... 16
Figure 7 - SYSTEM DESCRIPTION............................................................................................................................... 17
Figure 8 - FDM-TDMA ACCESS.................................................................................................................................... 21
Figure 9 - UP-LINK FRAME PACKETS STRUCTURE ................................................................................................ 22
Figure 10 - EQUIPMENT DEFINITION ......................................................................................................................... 28
Figure 11 - ALCATEL DBS............................................................................................................................................. 29
Figure 12 - ISDN BRI Service.......................................................................................................................................... 30

INTRODUCTION
1.1 MARKET CONSIDERATIONS

Extensive demand for voice and data communications offering major opportunities for
new telecommunication operators, demand for broadband services (fast Internet access,
high speed data transmission, video, etc) is skyrocketing from customers in the Small and
Medium-size Enterprise (SME), Small Office / Home Office (SOHO) and residential sectors,
while voice traffic continues to grow. The challenge facing many new operators of fixed
and mobile networks in todays deregulated environment is to deploy their infrastructures
quickly enough to meet this burgeoning demand. In addition, operators of narrow-band
wireless local loop and cellular networks require cost-effective transmission feeders to
connect their base stations.
Fixed wireless radio technology offers a cost-effective solution for densely-populated
urban and suburban areas. High-capacity wireless local loop systems enable operators to
rapidly provide a range of voice and data services to large numbers of customer sites.
Point-to-Multi-point (PMP) wireless systems can also provide an attractive solution for
mobile network operators seeking to link mobile base stations and controllers in busy
downtown areas. What is more, a combined fixed and mobile operator can interconnect
both customer sites and cellular base stations using the same fixed broadband wireless
system.
The ALCATEL LMDS range of products meets the need for a broadband PMP wireless
system which can be used profitably by both incumbent and new telecom operators,
cable TV system operators, and other wireless network providers. Because it is a member
of ALCATEL extensive portfolio of products, it can be deployed as part of a fully integrated
network solution which includes:
Synchronous Digital Hierarchy (SDH) / Synchronous Optical Network (SONET)

transmission technologies (fiber or radio) and ATM-based services
Narrow-band / broad-band switches.
Broadband Remote Access Node (RAN).
Cellular/Wireless Local Loop products.
Voice interconnection systems, such as SS7, V5.2 and GR-303
Fully integrated Network and Service Management.

1.2 ALCATEL LMDS MAIN FEATURES

The following is a list of the valuable features that the ALCATEL LMDS system offers:
Micro-cellular point-to-multi-point distribution architecture.

Broadband Wireless Network using internal Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM)
Transport.
Voice, data, IP and integration at very high speeds.
Medium Access Control (MAC) which supports ATM Quality of Service and advanced
IP CoS
Efficient packet and voice transport with minimal throughput delay
Dynamic Bandwidth Allocation (DBA) of services over-the-air with user definable
contracts
Multiple Quality of Service class support
Both single carrier and multiple carrier architecture via cross pole or co-pole radio
solutions
Multiple frequency bands, type approved for world-wide use
Sectored base station antennas
High frequency re-use between sectors and cells.
Large global range of downstream channeling: 14, 21, 28 and 36 MHz.
Flexible, high throughput upstream channeling: 3.5, 7 and 9 MHz .
Customer site Network Terminations providing: POTS/ISDN switched services, nx64 kb/s nxE1/T1 leased lines standard and advanced Ethernet 10BaseT/100BaseT interfaces
with Dynamic Bandwidth Allocation
Base Stations, with full redundancy providing network interfaces such as: ATM
(OC3/STM1/E3/DS3) for data connection and optional n x E1/T1 for services such as
telephony or leased lines.
Indoor and outdoor Base Station installations
Advanced support for business-class IP services, for example VLAN, IP service priority,
Service Contracts system and support of DiffServ
Advanced Network and Service Management which includes Simple Network
Management Protocol (SNMP) based Network Management System (NMS) integrated
in the advanced ALCATEL Management platform.
The best interests of both Service Providers and manufacturers are served by
implementing well-recognized International standards. Therefore, the system is
implemented according to DAVIC standards at the IF level. ALCATEL is active in both the
ETSI and IEEE working parties for modulation and physical standardization. Future releases
of the Broadband Access platform will conform to these standards when harmonized.

ARCHITECTURE & APPLICATIONS
2.1 GENERAL
The ALCATEL LMDS is a high capacity, flexible point-to-multi-point broadband wireless
solution, designed to meet the requirements of service providers who need to offer a mix
of traditional and new exiting high speed services, to a mix of business and residential
customers.
Broadband wireless is inherently faster to deploy than traditional wireless services and the
ALCATEL LMDS has specifically enhanced features to ensure rapid planning and
deployment of both cell sites and customer premises. The advanced Network and Service
Management solution offered total end-to-end management with the collection of
statistical and billing information. The ability to offer full flow-through-provisioning is a key
feature in the reduction of operational expense by the service provider, the ALCATEL
LMDS ensures traditional and new services and applications can be supplied cost
effectively, with the minimum of technical and operational staff involved.
The ALCATEL LMDS has been designed with a highly flexible channel allocation plus
supports a wide range of radio frequency variants, either in a cross-polar or co-polar
configuration, with very high frequency re-use. This ensures that service providers maximize
their investment in the valuable radio spectrum and are assured that initial deployments
are cost effective and customer growth can be achieved easily.
The ALCATEL LMDS enables service providers to cater for the small to medium business
user, either in a single or multi-tenant building as well as the SOHO and even residential
user in a multiple dwelling complex. Voice, data and IP based services can be offered
simultaneously and cost effectively.
Service interfaces provide nx64 kb/s, clear E1/T1, ISDN/POTS and either Ethernet 10BaseT
and shortly ATM OC3/STM-1 as well as the advanced 10/100BaseT module for enhanced IP
service support.
Multiple network termination devices can be connected to a single customer site radio to
increase the service port density. At the base station site, or central office interfaces to the
data network are provided, either via ATM or high density TDM.
Concentrated switched services can be connected to Class 5 PSTN offices via GR303 or
V5.2, further reducing the cost of capital equipment and operational expense. The
ALCATEL LMDS solution also offers switched voice solution with an SS7 interface.
ALCATEL has developed an advanced traffic contracting and sharing mechanism,
whereby bursty data and voice services flexibly utilize the available bandwidth across the
radio links under given priorities and contracts defined by the service provider. This
mechanism called Dynamic Bandwidth Allocation maximizes the efficiency of the
valuable licensed spectrum whilst providing the QoS required by the end customer for the
service level agreement contracted.
The ALCATEL LMDS solution offers a wide range of services, whether leased lines, switched
voice, high speed Internet access or advanced IP services support (e.g. VLAN), these
services can be managed and deployed quickly whilst ensuring that valuable spectrum is
used to its maximum.

2.2 ARCHITECTURE
2.2.1
GENERAL DESCRIPTION
The ALCATEL LMDS solution is a point-to-multi-point system designed to give an economic

architecture for Broadband connection in urban environment. The system is installed with
a common Base Station (BS) and many distributed customer Terminal Stations (TS).
SME,MDU/ MTU,SOHO,
Telecom services
Cellular
backhaul
PSTN / ISDN
PLMN
BS
Terminal
Station
TransportNetwork
Lea sedLines
L
N etwork
ISP/ ASP/
Corpora te
Office
Base Station
E1/T1
STM1/0C3
E3/T3
Broadband Data Network
Multi-services
delivery :
nxPOTS/ ISDN
Ethernet/ FR
nx64kb/ nxE1/ T1
OC3/ STM-1
Figure 1 - APPLICATION MODEL
BS uses sector antennas to achieve cell coverage and TS uses a small size parabolic
antenna to access the BS.
Base Stations act as hubs, transmitting the telephone, data and IP based services to the
customers over a line of sight range of approx. maximum 4 km (the range is system
frequency not only dependent).
The ALCATEL LMDS key sub-system features are:
Cellular type network interconnected with PSTN/ISDN/PLMN/Leased-Lines/Broadband

networks.
Base Stations with split mounted indoor-outdoor architecture.
Terminal Stations with split mounted indoor-outdoor architecture, and the possibility to
connect several Network Termination (NT: Indoor Units) to the same Radio Termination
(RT: Outdoor Unit).
A simple network is made up of:
multiple Terminal Stations: Each customer is equipped with a TS which provides the
access and adaptation required for the system, customers are installed using
unobstructed, clear Line-of-Sight (LOS) radio links to the respective host base station.

Base Stations: One BS serves many TS from a central location with line of sight to the TS.
The BS provides the appropriate interfaces between the radio access and the
backbone networks together with the management center,
A Management Center common to multiple cells. The management center provides

the interfaces for the operator.

2.2.2
HARDWARE DESCRIPTION
The figure below shows the system block diagram:
7390 BS:
LMDS Base station
Backbone
Network
7390 TS:
LMDS Terminal station
Multi-Carrier
X-Pol transceiver
Single-Carrier
Co-Pol transceiver
Colocated
ATM Switch
(if required)
7390 DBS
Modem &
Network
Interface
5620/5520 Wireless/Wireline
7390 RBS
7390 RT
Radio Termination
7390 NT
Network Termination
Network and Service Management
Figure 2 - EQUIPMENT DEFINITION
The system consists of three main different location types:

" Terminal Station", which contains the user equipment
" Base Station", which contains the central equipment
"Central Office", which contains all the components common to the network.

The Terminal Station consists of:
Radio Termination (RT) including the directional transmit/receive antenna and the
Radio Frequency (RF) transceiver unit. The customer site dish antenna (either a 30cm or
60cm version) provides system gain and directivity. The RF unit is bi-directional,
enabling it to access the BS.
Co- POL RT
X- POL RT
Network Termination (NT) which provides the power and coaxial interconnection to the
RT: it acts as the interface between the modulated data on the radio channel and the
end-users terminal equipment. It provides a range of interfaces to the end customer,
such as nx64 kb/s, Clear T1/E1, ISDN/POTS, 10BaseT and Premium 10/100BaseT and
100BaseFX, ATM OC3/STM-1. The NT connects to the RT via coaxial cable, which can
be extended up to 200 meters with amplifiers if necessary. Up to 8 NT can be
connected to a single RT through a series of amplifiers and passive splitters.
N etwork
Termina tion
FRON T VIEW
REAR VIEW
The larger multiple tenant/multiple business unit market place requires a specific NT with
high fan-out of voice, T1/E1 and 10/100BaseT interfaces. The ALCATEL MDU/MBU 250 will
provide the service provider with a high density multi-service NT with expansion for integral
VPN, NAT and Firewalling support at the customer premise. The 250 is planned to also
support xDSL interfaces to allow for high fan-out residential services, such as high speed
Internet access and voice.

The Base Station consists of:

One or more Radio Base Stations (RBS), allowing radio communications with the terminal
stations. The RBS includes the actual channelized radio element and a sectored antenna.
The area to be served by the BS is covered typically by antennas with 90 horizontal
beam-width, four are required for full 360o cell coverage.
The radio base station can be supplied as a single carrier system, one modem per radio or
multi-carrier system, multiple modems per radio. The decision on whether a single or
multiple carrier solution is chosen depends usually depends on the available bandwidth
owned by the service provider.
Co- POL RBS
X- POL RBS
One Digital Base Station (DBS). The DBS is the interface between the aggregate
networking interfaces (e.g. ATM OC3/STM-1, E3 or DS3, and TDM T1/E1) and the external
radio element mounted on a tower, mast or building rooftop. The DBS converts either the
ATM or TDM data streams to an intermediate frequency (IF) within the modem section and
communicates with the external radio devices.
The base station design is flexible and scalable, a single base station can be located and
connected back to a hub or central site via a range of equipment, point-to-point radio,
leased lines, SONET/SDH etc. As the cell site increases in capacity switching equipment
can be installed to concentrate and switch traffic from multiple base stations. ALCATEL
can provide a complete end-to-end solution, fully managed by the Network and Service
Management platform.

10
48V DC Connection
Antenna s Connector
48V DC
Commuta tor/ fuses
"Customer Da ta " Connector
AMD Boa rds

AN T Boa rds
Fa n Unit
TN T Boa rds
Optica l Coupling Boa rd
48V DC Power Supply
Intermedia te
Frequency Boa rd

11
Central Office is usually located in the regional central office is the core networking
equipment, ALCATEL can supply a full range of multi-protocol scalable networking core
and edge solutions to complement the ALCATEL LMDS access solution.
For switched voice and ISDN, ALCATEL offer a solution for V5.2 and GR303, concentrating
voice switching interfaces as well as a SS7 gateway for an IP based telephony solution.

12
2.3 APPLICATIONS
The ALCATEL LMDS solution is a multi-service platform offering a mix of leased line,
switched voice, ISDN and IP based services. In this section, the main applications and the
corresponding typical network configuration are detailed.
2.3.1
LEASED-LINES SERVICES
Typical applications are:
PBX interconnections.
Data services on leased-lines for WAN connection based on leased-lines through

concentrators, FRAD (Frame Relay), Bridges or Routers.
Cellular/PCS/WLL back-haul.
Leased-Lines services provide clear E1/T1 or Fractional E1/T1 connection between the
Terminal Stations and the Base Station. In case of Fractional E1 or T1 interface, a grooming
function is provided at the base station. The aggregate traffic can be transported on an
nxE1/T1 connection or via ATM connection.
All configuration and path management, including the radio resources are allocated by
the network management system.
PBX
PBX Interconnection
(Dua l E1/ T1
or Frac E1/ T1)
RBS
RF
NT
E1/ T1
MSC/ BSC
Cellula r BS
(Fra c E1/ T1)
Transport &
Switching
Network
DBS
n x E1/ T1
or ATM OC3/ STM- 1
or ATM E3/ T3
NT
Dua l E1/ T1
(or Fra c E1/ T1or X21)
Qua d E1/ T1
DATA through
FRAD,
Concentrators
Frame Relay
(E1/T1 or Frac E1/T1 or X21)
NT
Figure 3 - LEASED LINES SERVICES

13
2.3.2
BURSTY DATA SERVICES
The major growth area for services providers is with IP based services. The ALCATEL LMDS
solution has been designed to effectively and efficiently recognize and transport services
based on IP. The embedded modem technology utilizing TDMA and ATM can provide
either static or dynamic (on-demand) pools of bandwidth across-the-air. The ALCATEL
LMDS solution can be configured to share capacity between differing end-users. This
scheme, know as Dynamic Bandwidth Allocation, allows the service provider to configure
service-contracts with remote TS : Minimum data transfer can be configured per TS, which
can burst into the spare pool if capacity available.
The end customer is presented with 10BaseT Ethernet ports that support multiple Virtual
Channels and back to the base station for onward connection to the transport network.
The end user gets a wirespeed feel to the service and the service provider can ensure
that the valuable RF spectrum resource is used to its maximum.
Users can connect via routers, switches or direct to the TS depending on size of premise,
number of LAN elements and application.
Multiple TS can be installed at the customer premises to increase the number of available
Ethernet ports presented.
The NT support DSCP (DiffServ) and 802.1P to enable a per port prioritization.
A high performance wirespeed classification and forwarding 10/100BaseT interface will be
delivered supporting one 10/100BaseT (or 100BaseFX) connections and recognizes both
802.1P (priority) and 802.1Q (VLAN tagging). This Premium interface will support a high VC
and MAC address count and will have a per VC traffic profile, shaping and queuing
mechanism as part of the overall DBA philosophy. QoS on a per VC basis will be
configurable and measured. The 10/100BaseT interface can support multiple VLAN
connections by using an external VLAN hub, each customer VLAN being prioritized 1 to n.
VLAN tags are recognized allowing for this data to be connected to certain VC for
deterministic network performance. Internet access for example can be provided with a
differing profile to maximize overall bandwidth utilization.
It is planned to have future support of Network Address Translation (NAT), Firewalling and
integral VPN establishment within the Premium Ethernet Interface.
At the base station, connection to the transport network is achieved via ATM over
OC3/STM-1, DS3 or E3 interface or via TDM E1/T1 interfaces.
At the central office site the IP services can be connected through to the service providers
integral ATM/IP network or via a Broadband Remote Access Server (B-RAS) for connection
to differing Internet Service Providers (ISPs), Application Service Providers (ASP) or to the
end customers corporate network site, thus creating a deterministic VPN service.
The ALCATEL LMDS solution efficiently and effectively supports IP based services, from
Internet access to VPN and beyond, DBA with QoS ensures the network profile meets the
guarantees provide by the service provider. The end user receives a wire-line
performance

14
Corporate
VPN
RF
Router
Dua l 10 Ba se T
Residential
Ethernet
10 BT
RBS
ATM
Diffserv
802.1Q
NT
Transport &
Switching
Network
B-RAN
B-RAS
DBS
ATM UN I PVC
OC3/ STM- 1
E3/ T3
DBA
Internet / Intra net

VPN
SOHO
Ethernet
10 BT
NT
ISPs
SME
Ethernet
10 BT
Corporate
VPN
ISP / ASPs
Internet / Intranet
VPN
Router
NT
Figure 4 - BROADBAND DATA SERVICES

Corporate
VPN
0C3/STM1
or 10/100BT
RBS
ATM
RF
Router
NT
Transport &
Switching
Network
B-RAN
B-RAS
Internet / Intranet
VPN Customer 1
LAN
Switch
DBS
ATM UNI PVC
OC3/STM-1
E3/T3
OC3/STM-1 NT
Up to 128 VC
4 priority queues
2 radio contracts
Internet / Intranet
VPN Customer 2
ISPs
ISP / ASPs
Corporate
VPN
Premium Ethernet NT
10/100BaseT or 100BaseFX
VPN Tagging
VPN Priority
Diffserv
Internet / Intranet
VPN Customer 3
Figure 5 - ADVANCED IP BASED SERVICES (Multiple Business Tenant Example)
Typical IP based services offered by advanced service providers for the SME, SOHO and
residential market place:
High speed Internet access

Application service provider access
Corporate Intranet.
LAN to LAN connectivity
Deterministic VPN

15
2.3.3
VOICE SERVICES
Typical applications are:
Multiple POTS lines.

Multiple ISDN basic access 2B+D in a U interface
videoconferencing (4 lines per NT).
ISDN primary access (PRI) for PBX interconnection.
lines for
Voice, data,
Switched voice services still represent approximately 80% of the revenue for large service
providers today. End customers prefer that their service providers offer a full package of
voice, local and long distance, Internet access, VPN, leased lines and even application
services. It is still a requirement therefore that broadband access solutions cater for voice
services.
Voice interconnection at the central office have now diverged into two areas, some
service providers have invested in Class 5 PSTN switches and require a concentrated
interconnection with V5.2 or GR-303 protocol support, whilst others do not plan a Class 5
network and base voice traffic on an IP access infrastructure, connecting to the PSTN
network via Signaling System number 7 (SS7).
The ALCATEL LMDS solution caters for both solutions, plus supports ISDN BRI via V5.2 for
countries that specifically use ISDN for POTS circuits.
The ALCATEL LMDS solution uses an external gateway for both circuit and packet switched
mechanisms and can be easily migrated from circuit to packet. In the case of ISDN (V5.2)
the ALCATEL XBS is used. For GR-303, ATM switches is utilized. For SS7 and for V5.2(POTS) the
ALCATEL VoIP call server is supplied.
XBS
Local
Exchange
RF
E1/ T1
V5.2
Transport &
Switching
Network
E1/ T1
VoIPGW
UAG
Through
ACSG
ATM SW
7270
PBX
NT
ISDN PRI
GR303
ISDN PRI
(E1/ T1
or Frac E1/ T1)
RBS
DBS
n x E1/ T1
OC3/ STM- 1
E3/ T3
10 BT
IP PBX
VoIP GW
NT
ISDN , POTS
V5.2/ GR303
IMT
VoIP
VoIP GW, SS7 GW
SS7
Public
Network
DBA
ISDN U
(4x)
ISDN
NT1
NT
Figure 6 - SWITCHED TELEPHONY SERVICES

16
TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION
3.1 SYSTEM DESCRIPTION

The complete system is illustrated in the following figure:
Local
Terminal
5620 NSM
Radio
Base Station
Co-Pol or
X-Pol
single or
multicarrier
Corporate
B-RAS
End
Users
ATM
interface
ATM
Modems
ISP/ASP
Intermediate
frequency
Circuit
interface
ISDN/PSTN
LL networks
Digital Base Station
Wireless/Wireline Network and Service Management

Figure 7 - SYSTEM DESCRIPTION
3.1.1
NETWORK INTERFACES
These interfaces are used for interconnection either to the broadband data network, the
leased-line network or the PSTN/ISDN, they are of two types: ATM (over OC3/STM-1, DS3 or
E3) or TDM (E1/T1).
3.1.1.1
Bursty data traffic
The data oriented traffic is sent on an ATM interface, generally through an ATM switched
network either to a router or to an broadband RAN (Remote Access Node).
Permanent Virtual Circuits (PVC) are used between the Network Terminations and the
router or the Broadband (RAN) using the bridged mode encapsulation (RFC 1483) which
enables IP and IPx types of traffic.
3.1.1.2
Circuit oriented traffic
Access to the network for both telephony and leased line services is using E1 or T1
interface.

17
Physically the interfaces can be provided either on dedicated T1/E1 interfaces complying
with ITU-T recommendation G703 (1544 kb/s for T1 or 2048 kb/s for E1), or encapsulated
and sent through the ATM interface to an ATM switch, which must be equipped with CEM
board (Circuit Emulation over ATM).
For leased lines, the system establishes a permanent radio link between the Base Station
and the terminal station Network Termination (NT) on which the leased line is declared.
The radio system is fully transparent to the type of traffic carried.
For telephony, the access to the PSTN or ISDN telephone networks is carried out via the n x
E1/T1 concentrated interface supporting V5.2 or GR303, through the optional sub-system
elements. For SS7 telephony an external gateway is used.
3.1.2
SUBSCRIBER INTERFACES
These are the interfaces available on the network terminations and to which the end-user
devices are connected. Paragraph 3.2.2.2. gives details of the interfaces available on
each type of NT. The following paragraphs describe each type of interface.
3.2.1.1
POTS Interface
This is the conventional 2-wire telephone interface. Software can be used to configure its
impedance and transmit and receive levels according to the connected terminal. It can
activate up to five ringing devices. The maximum distance between the gateway and the
handset is limited to a few tens of meters (depends on the diameter of the copper pair
used). It should not be used outdoors (no lightning protection). The connector used is of
the RJ11 type.
3.2.1.2
BA-ISDN Interface
The ISDN Basic access interface (2B+D) is of the U type at the indoor unit interface. A
standard network termination is required for adaptation to the S/T type interface. The
connector used on the NT is of the RJ45 type.
3.2.1.3
T1/E1 or frac T1/E1 Interface
This is a leased line type interface. The equipment connected to this interface is assumed
to be compatible with the terminal equipment located on the other side of the ALCATEL
LMDS network. For this type of service, ALCATEL LMDS is only a transport network but
providing a grooming function inside the base station.
3.2.1.4
X21 Interface
This is a DCE nx64 kb/s interface. Traffic is converted by the NT into nx64 kb/s G703/G704
Time Slots. Apart this physical conversion, ALCATEL LMDS is only a transport network but
providing a grooming function inside the base station.
3.2.1.5
Ethernet Interface

18
The physical medium used is of the 10BT type. It is used to connect either a PC, a cluster of
PCs, or a router/switch. The connector used on the NT is of the RJ45 type.
3.2.1.6
Premium Ethernet Interface
The physical medium used is of the 10/100BT or 100BFX type. It is used to connect either a
cluster of PCs, or a router/switch. The connector used on the NT is of the RJ45 type
(10/100BT) or SC type (100BFX).
3.2.1.7
OC3/STM-1
This is a customer ATM over OC3/STM-1 interface. It is used to connect either a cluster of
PCs, or a router/switch. The connector used on the NT is of the SC type.

19
3.1.3
RADIO INTERFACE
3.3.1.1
Frequency plans
The ALCATEL LMDS system is developed in several frequency bands (other frequency
bands are available on demand). The following table gives the main specifications of the
frequency plans.
Frequency Band
26 GHz ETSI
28 GHz ETSI
28 GHz
(500 MHz duplex)
26 GHz Japan
25 GHz Korea
24 GHz
LMCS A-F
US LMDS A
(asym)
US LMDS A/ALT
31 GHz (US LMDS B)
38 GHz
3.3.1.2
Frequency
Range & Duplex
24.5 26.5 GHz
1008 MHz duplex
27.5 29.5 GHz
1008 MHz duplex
27.5 28.35 GHz
500 MHz duplex
25.45 26.7 GHz
855 MHz duplex
24.4 26 GHz
1480 MHz duplex
24.25 25.25 GHz
800 MHz duplex
25.35 28.35 GHz
500 MHZ block
27.5 28.35 GHz

31.075 31.225 GHz
27.85 28.35 GHz
27.5 27.8 GHz
31 31.075 GHz
31.225 31.3 GHz
225 MHz duplex
39.0 39.3 GHz
39.7 40 GHz
700 MHz duplex
Region
Polariz.
Europe
Co-Pol
Multi-Carr.
Operation
No
UK,
Scandinavia
Poland
Co-Pol
No
Co-Pol
No
Japan
Co-Pol
No
Korea
Co-Pol
No
USA,
Canada
Pacific Rim,
Canada,
USA, Latin
America
USA
Co-Pol
No
X-Pol
Yes
X-Pol
Yes
USA
X-Pol
Yes
USA
X-Pol
Yes
USA,
Canada,
South
America
X-Pol
Yes
Polarisation
The ALCATEL LMDS system supports both co-polarized up/down linking as well as cross
polarized up/down linking. These topologies are available as a function of the license
type, degree of T-R separation and/or customer preference.
3.3.1.3
RF physical layer
The air interface complies with the DAVIC 1.2 Specification Part 8, Lower layer Protocols
and Physical Interfaces.
It uses the Frequency Division Duplex mode to separate the outward and return channels.
This return channel is divided into up to four sub-channels: a terminal station can access
20
any of these channels, with the choice made by the MAC protocol. The down-link uses
Time Division Multiplex in which the basic circuit is not the byte but the ATM cell. The up-link
uses a TDMA access mode superposed over the channel selection FDM mode.
Sector or omnidirectional antennas at Base Station Site

4
sectors (90), up to 34 Mbit/ s per sector according to channeling
Directive antennas (narrow beamwidth) at Terminal Station

Frequency re-use between sectors and cells
Downstream channeling:
14/ 28
MHz ETSI
21/ 36 MHz US
Uplink:
Uplink: FDM-TDMA
Downlink:
Downlink: TDM
Upstream channeling :
4x 7MHz
4x 3.5 MHz
4x 9 MHz
2x 9 MHz
3.5/ 7
MHz ETSI
9 MHz US
28 MHz
14 MHz
36 MHz
21 MHz
frequency
time
Figure 8 - FDM-TDMA ACCESS
3.3.1.4
Down-link frame structure
The patented down-link frame has been designed with the main objective of minimizing
Round Trip Delay (125 s).
This frame structure is mapped into an MPEG-2 framing which allows the use of mass
market DVB codec components.
After this MPEG2-TS pseudo-packeting, the pseudo-packets are protected by a ReedSolomon 204/188 code and with interleaving (state interleaver name/method)
The resulting bit train is then coded using a punctured 7/8 Viterbi. The bits thus obtained
are then modulated to QPSK format.
3.3.1.5
Up-link frame structure
The up-link frame (from Terminal Stations to Base Station) is configured for accessibility in
TDMA. In order to avoid penalizing the terminal station in terms of link budget and
capacity, four carriers - each occupying one quarter of the down-link channel band - are
used for the up-link. Therefore each deployed downstream carrier can be coupled with
between 1 and 4 upstream carriers allowing the operator to optimize spectrum
consumption against general customer traffic up-down link asymmetry attributes. At any
given time, a terminal station only transmits on a single carrier. The up-link frame thus uses
a FDM-TDMA combination as the access technique. An up-link channel consists of a series
of cells constructed as shown in fig. 9.
68 bytes upstream
slot

21
4 bytes
Preambl
e
53 bytes
payload
10 bytes
R-S Parity
1 byte
Guard
Figure 9 - UP-LINK FRAME PACKETS STRUCTURE
The 53 bytes payload, which contains voice/data information, is protected by a ReedSolomon 63/53 code and given a 4 byte preamble for rate and carrier recovery plus a
guard time of 1 byte.
This 68 bytes slot is then modulated to QPSK format for radio transmission.
3.3.1.6
Medium Access Control (MAC) layer
The MAC is employed to extend the advantages of the ATM core network across the air
interface. It enables the sharing of available RF bandwidth amongst the CPE sites such
that all service level agreements (SLA) are simultaneously met . The ALCATEL LMDS system
employs an advanced TDMA MAC which allows the coexistence of all traffic types on a
shared medium. The TDMA MAC features of the ALCATEL LMDS system are:
Demand assigned Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) providing dynamic allocation
for both circuit and data services.
Reserved bandwidth for constant bit rate applications such as leased lines services.
AAL encapsulation of all messages allowing reuse of ATM layer segmentation and reassembly hardware while still providing the option of implementation in a physical layer
device.
Contention, Polling Response, and Piggy Backing on the upstream frame.
Achieves theoretical capacity limits for CBR, UBR, and VBR traffic.
Collision avoidance mechanisms transparent to higher layers while preserving ATM

layer quality of services.
Differentiated services for real time (such as VoIP) or non real time traffic.
3.3.1.7
Carrier Bandwidth Supported
The ALCATEL LMDS wireless access system supports the following carrier bandwidths;
Downstream :
Upstream:
14, 21, 28, 36 MHz

3.5, 7, 9 MHz
Depending upon the license, limited/specific combinations of up and downstream

bandwidth settings are available. Additionally, some in-country and type-approvals
limitations may apply.

22
3.3.1.8
Radio transmission characteristics
The following tables give the frame rate and period chosen for the ALCATEL LMDS system
as the main radio characteristics:
Down-link
Channel bandwidth
14 MHz
28 MHz
36 MHz
Occupied
bandwidth
13.63 MHz
27.25 MHz
35.55 MHz
Roll-off factor
35 %
35 %
35 %
Modulation
QPSK
QPSK
QPSK
Gross bit rate
20.19 Mb/s
40.37 Mb/s
52.66 Mb/s
Inner Code
Convol. 7/8 ( k=7 )
Convol. 7/8 ( k=7 )
Convol. 7/8 ( k=7 )
Interleaving
depth 12
depth 12
Depth 12
Outer Code
Reed-Solomon
(204,188,8)
Reed-Solomon
(204,188,8)
Reed-Solomon
(204,188,8)
Bit rate before

coding
16.19 Mb/s
32.38 Mb/s
42.24 Mb/s
Link Budget (Co-pol radio)
14 MHz
28 MHz
Frequency band
25 GHz
28 GHz
25 GHz
28 GHz
BS output power* (antenna port)
17 dBm
17 dBm
17 dBm
17 dBm
Tx antenna gain*
15 dBi
15 dBi
15 dBi
15 dBi
Rx antenna gain* (with radome)
35 dBi
34.5 dBi
35 dBi
34.5 dBi
RF Rx level for BER* of 10-6
- 84 dBm
- 84 dBm
- 81 dBm
- 81 dBm
System gain*
151 dB
150.5 dB
148 dB
147.5 dB
Link Budget (X-pol radio)
28 MHz
36 MHz
Frequency band
25 GHz
28 GHz
25 GHz
28 GHz
BS output power* (antenna port)
17 dBm
17 dBm
17 dBm
17 dBm
Tx antenna gain*
21 dBi
21 dBi
21 dBi
21 dBi
Rx antenna gain* (with radome)
34.5 dBi
35.5 dBi
34.5 dBi
35.5 dBi
-84 dBm
-84 dBm
-83 dBm
-83 dBm
System gain*
156.5 dB
157.5 dB
155.5 dB
156.5 dB
* Typical values
One down-stream carrier is combined with up to four up-stream carriers.
23
Up-link
Channel bandwidth
3.5 MHz
7 MHz
9 MHz
Occupied
bandwidth
3.36 MHz
6.72 MHz
8.64 MHz
Roll-off factor
25 %
25 %
25 %
Modulation
D-QPSK
D-QPSK
D-QPSK
Gross bit rate
5.38 Mb/s
10.75 Mb/s
13.82 Mb/s
Outer Code
Reed-Solomon
(63,53,5)
Reed-Solomon
(63,53,5)
Reed-Solomon
(63,53,5)
Bit rate before

coding
4.19 Mb/s
8.38 Mb/s
10.77 Mb/s
Link Budget (Co-pol)
3.5 MHz
7 MHz
Frequency band
25 GHz
28 GHz
25 GHz
28 GHz
TS output power*
14 dBm
14 dBm
14 dBm
14 dBm
Tx antenna gain*
35 dBi
34.5 dBi
35 dBi
34.5 dBi
Rx antenna gain*
15 dBi
15 dBi
15 dBi
15 dBi
- 86.1 dBm
- 86.1dBm
- 83 dBm
- 83 dBm
System gain*
150.1 dB
149.6 dB
147 dB
146.5 dB
(antenna port)
(with radome)
Link Budget (X-pol)
7 MHz
9 MHz
Frequency band
25 GHz
28 GHz
25 GHz
28 GHz
TS output power*
17 dBm
17 dBm
17 dBm
17 dBm
Tx antenna gain*
34.5 dBi
35.5 dBi
34.5 dBi
35.5 dBi
Rx antenna gain*
21 dBi
21 dBi
21 dBi
21 dBi
-83 dBm
-83 dBm
-82 dBm
-82 dBm
System gain*
155.5 dB
156.5 dB
154.5 dB
155.5 dB
(antenna port)
(with radome)
* Typical values

24
3.3.1.9
Capacity
The system capacity depends on the traffic mix between data services (transported on
ATM cells) and leased-line or telephony services (transported on TDM circuits).
It also depends on the channeling and on the number of up-stream channels.
Figures are given in the following tables for three mix examples : minimum, medium and
maximum circuit capacity, but any intermediate mix is possible.
36 / 9 MHz channeling :
Down-link : 36 MHz
Traffic Mix: circuit capacity
Up-link : 1 x 9 MHz
Minimum
Medium
Maximum
64 kb/s circuit capacity
78
156
Up-link ATM capacity (cell/s)
24470
12235
Down-link ATM capacity (cell/s) *
99294
87529
75765
Down-link : 36 MHz
Up-link : 2 x 9 MHz
Minimum
Medium
Maximum
156
312
48940
24470
99294
75765
52235
Down-link : 36 MHz
Up-link : 3 x 9 MHz
Minimum
Medium
Maximum
234
468
73410
36705
99294
64000
28549
Down-link : 36 MHz
Up-link : 4 x 9 MHz
Minimum
Medium
Maximum
312
624
97880
48940
99294
52235
5020

25
28 / 7 MHz channeling:
Down-link : 28 MHz
Up-link : 1 x 7 MHz
Minimum
Medium
Maximum
60
120
18823
9411
76078
66980
57882
Down-link : 28 MHz
Up-link : 2 x 7 MHz
Minimum
Medium
Maximum
120
240
37646
18822
76078
57882
39843
Down-link : 28 MHz
Up-link : 3 x 7 MHz
Minimum
Medium
Maximum
180
360
56469
28233
76078
48941
21804
Down-link : 28 MHz
Up-link : 4 x 7 MHz
Minimum
Medium
Maximum
240
480
75292
38644
76078
39843
3608

26
14 / 3.5 MHz channeling:

Down-link : 14 MHz
Up-link : 1 x 3.5 MHz
Minimum
Medium
Maximum
30
60
9411
4705
37961
33412
28863
Down-link : 14 MHz
Minimum
Medium
Maximum
60
120
18822
9410
37961
28863
19922
Down-link : 14 MHz
Minimum
Medium
Maximum
90
180
28233
14115
37961
24314
10824
Down-link : 14 MHz
Minimum
Medium
Maximum
120
240
37644
18820
37961
19922
1725
*:
Part of the down-link ATM capacity may be used as a signaling channel for
dynamical bandwidth allocation management. This proportion varies dynamically with
the limit of:
2.5 % of the capacity if only one up-stream channel is in use,
4 % of the capacity if 2 up-stream channels are in use,
5.5 % of the capacity if 3 up-stream channels are in use,
7 % of the capacity if 4 up-stream channels are in use.

27
3.2 COMPONENT DESCRIPTION

Down
Up Link
N MS
RT
RBS
LT
CORE
N ETWORK
DBS + XBS
NT
7390 BS
...
7390 TS
Ba se Sta tion
Termina l Sta tions
Figure 10 - EQUIPMENT DEFINITION
3.2.1
BASE STATION
3.1.2.1
Digital Base Station
The ALCATEL DBS is the Digital Base Station (DBS) which concentrates the head-end
modem that modulates transmit information and demodulates receive information from
subscribers, and the multiplexing and de-multiplexing functions that provides the network
interface.
The DBS contains the following main elements:
TNT
:
AMD :
Circuit interface board(s).

Modem board(s).
ANT
IBS
:
:
ATM interface board(s).

IF board(s).
The IF boards are responsible for grouping on the same cable all the signals transmitted to
and received from the radios: transmit IF, received IF, supervision data as well as the
remote-power supply for the outdoor part.

28
modulator
4 x demodulators
IBS
modulator
4 x demodulators
IBS
modulator
4 x demodulators
IBS
modulator
4 x demodulators
IBS
modulator
4 x demodulators
IBS
modulator
4 x demodulators
IBS
modulator
4 x demodulators
IBS
modulator
4 x demodulators
IBS
IDU-ODU interface
ANT
ATM
Coupler
ANT
16xE1/T1
TNT
16xE1/T1
TNT
I
N
T
E
R
N
A
L
B
U
S
E
S
IDU-ODU interface
IDU-ODU interface
16xE1/T1
TNT
16xE1/T1
IDU-ODU interface
TNT
Power Supply
Figure 11 - ALCATEL DBS
The DBS is typically connected between the ATM network, the PSTN/ISDN or leased-lines
networks and the RBS.
It consists of a 19 rack 18U high, of which 3U are reserved for the power supply. The block
diagram is given in fig 11.

29
3.1.2.2
Radio Base Station
The Radio Base Station (RBS) consists of sectorial radio/antenna assemblies which are
located outdoors and are connected to the indoor DBS through a passive IF cabling
complex.
The distance between the DBS and the outdoor part (RBS) can be up to 200 m,
depending upon the type of cable used.
The antennas used are typically be 90 sectorial units as these result in generally optimized
coverage, frequency reuse and capacity trade-offs. 45o and 180o sectorial antennas also
available and are selectively useful, depending upon the specific network design
3.1.2.3
Exchange Base Station
The ALCATEL XBS is the Exchange Base Station (XBS) used to provide V5.2 interfaces for
the ISDN Basic Access interfaces at the Network Termination level.
The global architecture is given figure 12.
The XBS is typically connected to the local Exchange for PSTN/IDSN access. It consists of a
400(h) x 535(w) x 220(d) mm chassis.
( OAM
)
NT(ISDN)
Qan
V5.1
V5.2
ISDN
n* E1
XBS
XBS
Network
TE
TNT
U i/ f
S/ T i/ f
NT1
DBS
TE
B-channels
D-channels
ISDN DAUGHTER BOARD
B-channels
OWSA-channels
Port Control
B-channels
OWSA-channels
Figure 12 - ISDN BRI Service
3.2.2
3.2.2.1
TERMINAL STATION
Radio Termination (RT)
The radio termination (RT) is an integrated assembly containing the antenna, LNA, SSPA,
up-converter and down-converter. It is located on the subscribers building and aligned to
the local hub antenna. The up-stream and down-stream signals are distributed through
the subscribers premises using either an existing coaxial network or a separate coaxial
cable to the indoor unit. Several network terminations (NT) can be connected to a single
radio termination. This RF unit carries out frequency transposition: RF band to IF 9502050 MHz in reception and IF 400-700 MHz to RF band in transmission.

30
The RT can supply several NT (up to 8) by using splitters. The cable length between the RT
and the NT can reach 200 m provided that cable repeaters are used (one repeater for 70
m of cable). The RT is remote-powered by the NT.

31
3.2.2.2
Network Termination (NT)
The Network Termination exists in four different versions, each depending on the user's
interface requirement. The different variants are described in the table below:
Reference
Circuit interface
NCA
2 x (frac) E1
(G703 or X21)
NCB
Data
interface
Mechanical
2 x Eth 10bT
19'',1U , AC
4 x ISDN BA
(2B+D)
2 x Eth 10bT
19'',1U , AC
NCC
2 x POTS
(a/b)
1 x Eth 10bT
19'',1U , AC
NCD
2 x Eth 10bT
19'',1U , AC
NCE
2 x (frac) TI
(ANSI T1 or X21)
2 x Eth 10bT
19'',1U , AC
NCF
1 x E1
(G703)
1 x Eth 10bT
19'',1U , AC
NCG
1 x T1
(ANSI T1)
1 x Eth 10bT
19'',1U , AC
NCH
1 x OC3/STM1
19'',1U , AC
NCK
1 x 10/100bT
or 1 x 100bFX
19'',1U , AC
NGA
2 x E1
(G703)
2 x Eth 10bT
19'',1U , DC
NGB
4 x ISDN BA
(2B+D)
2 x Eth 10bT
19'',1U , DC
NCJ
4 x (fract) E1/T1
(G703/ANSI T1 or X21)
1 x Eth 10bT
19'',1U , AC

32
3.2.3
3.3.2.1
NETWORK MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

Network and Service Management
The ALCATEL Network and Service Management portfolio provides layered functions as
described by the TMN reference model defined by the ITU-T. The TMN model provides a
co-operative framework for integrated management of advanced communications
networks. The TMN model and the ALCATEL product portfolio provides functions for service
fulfillment, service assurance, and billing functions at the element, network and service
management layers.
3.3.2.2
Network & Element Management
The 5620 is the core ALCATEL Network and Element Management product supporting end
to end management of multi-service, multi-technology, and multi-vendor broadband
wireless access and core ATM/IP networks together with standards-based open OSS
interfaces for interfacing to higher layer OSS systems. The 5620 is unique in the breadth of
technology, services, and equipment that can managed under a unified and scalable
system, dramatically reducing service providers network operations center (NOC)
overhead and complexity compared to other less integrated equipment vendors
management systems. The ALCATEL network and element management products also
provide enhanced network control and diagnostic functions enabling network operators
to achieve maximum efficiency from their network infrastructure and operational staff
while ensuring customer contracted service levels are fulfilled. All networks today employ
a number of elements from different vendors and a key capability of the 5620 is the ability
to extend its management control for provisioning and assurance to other SNMP devices
that exist in the network.
3.3.2.3
Service Management
ALCATEL Service Management products provide the foundations for service providers to
attain their goals of reduced time to market for introduction of new services, such as LMDS
based broadband internet access services using SSM (Service Subscription Manager) or
IP based VPN using the VSM (VPN Services Manager). One of the key values of the SSM
and VSM is the role they play in helping service providers achieve their goals of more
rapid and cost effective service activation and service assurance. These service
management products provide web based GUIs for service providers focused on web
enabling their management infrastructure and CORBA based service level OSS interfaces
to support simpler and more rapid business process automation and flow through service
activation between the customer facing back office OSS systems and network facing
management systems such as the 5620. The VSM and SSM can also be employed to
provide web based access to LMDS customers/end users to provide them with visibility
and control of their network services enabling the service provider to offer advanced
functions such as touchless provisioning , customer self service and service level
agreements.
3.3.2.4
OSS Interfaces and Partner Solutions
The third key component of ALCATEL management product portfolio is a comprehensive

set of OSS interfaces. Whether it be electronic bonding between customer facing OSS
and network facing NMS applications or interfacing to other network operators, partners
or competitors, the key to success in todays environment is automating these sets of
business processes. ALCATEL is actively involved in helping service providers meet these
challenges by bringing to market a rich set of OSS gateway interfaces at both the network
33
and service management layer based on industry standards such as CORBA, SNMP, and
CMIP. Service level OSS interfacing is accomplished using the CORBA OSS interface, and
network level OSS integration can be accomplished using the CMIP or CORBA OSS
interface. ALCATEL also provides an OSS interface developers support team which
provides professional services such as training and consultation to users of these interfaces.
ALCATEL also has an in-house OSS partner development initiative which involves working
with other key suppliers of best of breed management software to achieve pre-integrated
out of the box solutions.
This further enables service providers to rapidly deploy
integrated OSS solutions using best of breed OSS applications that work off the shelf with
ALCATEL LMDS, ATM, and IP networks.
This set of network and service management solutions is represented visually in the
diagram below:

34

35
3.3.2.5
5620 Network Manager
The multi-technology capabilities of the 5620 Network Manager are extended seamlessly
across all of these functions making it possible to consolidate the management of what is
often distinct networks into a single multi-service operations platform. The networking
industry is in the midst of major new deployments of broadband access capabilities using
wireless based technologies. The 5620 extends its same multi-technology core network
management capabilities to these access points. The resultant benefit is an integrated
management system providing end-to-end seamless service fulfillment and service
assurance across both access and core ATM/IP networks.
This combined multi-access, multi-technology capability means network operators can
continue to add new service offerings without the overhead of introducing new
management systems and re-training staff. This results in lower overall operating costs,
reduced provisioning times, and greater efficiency in the use of the network infrastructure.
Some of the management extensions which the 5620 provides for wireless access
component of the network includes the definition of sectors and the assignment /
commissioning of network terminations (NT) to the se sectors. The 5620 ensures that the
frequency assignments of NT is compliant with the frequency assignments of the
associated sectors. End-End service provisioning is now possible across both the wireless
access infrastructure and the ATM/IP core.
The 5620 also leads the industry with partitioning capabilities that enable network
operators to deploy differentiated secure VPN from the access/core network
infrastructure.
This VPN partitioning capability is complemented with a range of
accounting, performance, and SLA management tools that ensure that VPN can be
provisioned with service level guarantees and tracked for compliance of the network to
those guarantees.
Integration of multi-vendor devices into the 5620 open management framework is another
key component of the 5620 architecture. With the capability to extend management
control across a wider network footprint network operators are further enabled to reduce
costs and consolidate their networks. The 5620 has a proven record of integrating SNMP
and TL1 manageable elements from other vendors within its framework.
Using the 5620, network operators can monitor network operation in real-time, set-up and
manage end-to-end connections, perform diagnostics, backup and restore node
databases, perform software upgrades, and isolate and manage problems across a full
range of ATM, frame relay, IP, and TDM leased line elements.

36
3.2.4
TECHNICAL CHARACTERISTICS (TYPICAL VALUES)

GENERAL
Temperature
ODU
IDU
- 40 to + 55C
- 5 to + 45C
Power supply
Base Station
Terminal Station
-48V DC
110V-220V AC
EMC
SAFETY
ETS 300-385, US and Can standards

need to be added
EN 60950, US and Can standards need
to be added
INTERFACES
Telephony
Signaling
DATA
E1
ATM
POTS :
ITU-T G713
ISDN BA 2B+D U interface :
ITU-T G961
ISDN PRI :
ETS 300011
V5.2
Ethernet 10BaseT, 10/100BaseT,
100BaseFX
G703
X21
STM1/0C3
ITU-T G709
PVC
RADIO
Frequencies
Interface
Modulation
Forward Error Correction
Type approvals
24.5 40 GHz
DAVIC 1.2
QPSK
Reed Solomon 204/188 downstream
Reed Solomon 63/53 upstream
ETSI, FCC 101 LMDS, RSS-191,
ARIB T-59
NETWORK MANAGEMENT
Protocol
Platform
SNMP
Unix Work Station

37
SYSTEM PLANNING & DIMENSIONING
4.1 LINK BUDGETS

Link Budgeting forms part of the initial design of a given city network and sets the
approximate maximum distance between the cells within the network. Cell sizing must also
consider many other factors, such as required capacity, frequency reuse and % roof-tops
reachable and is therefore not usually solely based on the RF link budgets.
As examples of typically available maximum cell radiuses, the following table illustrates the
performance of the ALCATEL network solution.
28 GHz
XPOL
36MHz
6 carriers
99,995%
8.3
6.4
5.4
4.5
4.1
3.4
3.3
3.1
3.1
2.6
2.1
2.0
1.5
1.0
COPOL
28MHz
99,995%
6.6
5.3
4.6
4.0
3.7
3.2
3.0
2.9
2.7
2.4
1.9
1.8
1.4
1.1
Link budgeting considers a number of key factors which must be accommodated when
considering multi-point, multi-cell deployments (in addition to the normal link budgeting
elements), these are :
Multi-cell, multi-sector interference which reduces effective sensitivity

CPE misalignment
Base station sector antenna ripple
Radome wetness
4.2 FREQUENCY RE-USE

Frequency reuse performance is a measure of the ability of the system to operate as
required whilst re-using the RF license between sectors and/or cells. This performance
attribute is highly dependant upon specific city designs and base station siting and is
accurately assessed during the 3-dimensional RF design phase of a given city network.
When considering smaller RF licenses which do not have the ability to support a large
number of individual RF carriers per sector, it is generally more efficient to operate at
~100% frequency reuse per sector (i.e. a 4 sectored cell would achieve ~ 400% reuse)
whilst losing some access to customer roof tops as a result of localized interference zones
within the cells.
When considering broad RF licenses which can be operated with a high number of RF
carriers per sector, it is generally more acceptable practice to allocate a number of these
carriers to a frequency planned structure which optimizes overall radio coverage to
reachable roof-tops in each cell. This then optimally trades off improvements to overall

38
coverage with loss in frequency reuse. Typical resultant reuse schemes yielding on the
order of ~ 85% are typically realized.

39
SERVICES
5.1 ALL-IN-ONETM : GLOBAL PACKAGE, EASY SERVICE

Operators are building a business experiencing exponential growth.
facing tougher competition every day, so most of your attention must focus on the
market.
They need
to deploy and extend networks which grow more complex as staff resources
become rare.
to achieve flawless quality of service as you drive down investment and operating
costs.
They expect
a tailored solution.
a fast response.
a commitment to service.
ALCATEL Service
Offers them one global service portfolio to create your business solution.
Makes it easy to do business with ALCATEL, by giving them a choice
Their success is our commitment.
That is why we have develop the all-in-One service package : global & easy.
Global:
What is important : To cope with stringent business objectives such as when acquiring
experience is difficult and the scope of mobile business is broad.
What all-in-One is doing ? It provides you with a GLOBAL solution. It is global not only
because ALCATEL has a World-wide presence but also because its service covers the
complete scope of the mobile operators business with a comprehensive portfolio.
World-wide presence because :
i) A gigantic strength in telecom
- more than 130 countries presence
- 80 000 employees
Comprehensive portfolio because :
i) Wide range
- a portfolio of over 70 services covering all operators activities from licence application to
turnkey network operation
ii) In-depth expertise
- optimization of world's densest networks
- network engineering tools fed with our expertise/experience
- rolling out networks in all environment/all types of networks
That is why you will be able to limit your investment in deploying, optimizing or monitoring
your network with all-in-One ALCATEL service.

40

41
Easy:
What is important : Time is money (every second counts and you want your suppliers and
your network to react as fast as the market does) and you want to pay only for what you
need (the exact service to fit exactly where and when you need it).
What all-in-One is doing ? It provides you with an EASY solution. It is easy not only because
it is exactly customized to your needs but also because it is quick speed is our asset.
Customization because :
i) Unique network and business model to identify operator's needs
- an attentive ear
- tailoring to your needs thanks to our 100-service catalogue from which we can build the
exact service you request to address specific development phases
- Tailoring to your needs thanks to special packages to address key red issues such as
Churn rate diminution or Network quality improvement
Speed because :
i) Responsiveness
- One number for any enquiry
- Fast implementation : ready-to-implement packages, business-oriented services
That is why you will be able to limit your investment in deploying, optimizing or monitoring
your network with all-in-One ALCATEL service.
You will lean your operating costs using our one-number help desk
And your revenues will be increased thanks to our customer care help and the
introduction of new end-user services
5.2 ALL-IN-ONETM DOMAINS OVERVIEW

In order to customize our service to operators, ALCATEL has organized its offer into 8
different domains and 32 sub-domains from which different service modules can design
the most effective service for operators.
The domains are constructed in such a way that a domain can address a particular
function in the operators organization.
All domains comprise three orientations:
An ASSESSMENT or evaluation orientation, in which we evaluate a situation and indicate
the opportunities, the improvements. Such services are also used as input for subsequent
orientation(s).
A CONSULTING oriented sub-domain, in which we provide the detailed consulting activity
and propose the concrete solutions.
An EXECUTION & IMPLEMENTATION orientation

42
Management Network and Network and

and Business Services
Services
Consulting
Design
Integration
Network
Network
Customer
Implementatio Operation Administration
n
&
Maintenanc
e
Site
Assessment Assessment
Management
Assessment
Assessment
Conformity
Assessment
Business
Consulting
Network
Design &
Planning
Multi Supplier
Interworking
License &
Regulatory
Consulting
Service
Design
Multi Operator Logistics

Interoperability Management
Customer
Application
Engineering
Organization
& System
Consulting
Deployment
Project
Management
Implementatio
n Assistance
Skills &
Resources
Development
Network and
Services
Enhancemen
t
Assessment
Assessment
Consulting
Network
Optimization
Consulting
Design
Operation
Implementatio Training
n
Maintenanc Assistance
e
Service
Optimization
Information & Network

Documentatio Capacity
n
Enhancemen
t
Management and Assessment

Business Consulting
Network and
Services Design
Network and
Services
Integration
Auditing the operators management and business processes,

organization and key performance indicators in order to
identify main opportunities, main gaps and quick hits. Also
includes market assessment
Business
Advising and assisting the operators management in the
Consulting
elaboration and improvement of the business plan, the
marketing strategy, marketing mix and the key activities to be
done at business set up (e.g. RFQ assistance)
Analysis, advice and assistance to the operator regarding
License &
license conditions and application, regulatory and legal
Regulatory
constraints and their implications.
Consulting
Organization & Advising the operator on the organization, processes, related
System
systems and tools needed for the implementation of the
Consulting
business plan
Project
Overall management of activities, resources, projects,
Management organization on behalf of the operator (virtually a COO for the
operator).
Assessment
Audit of network and services design, tools and processes, the
network itself and the impact of planned changes on network
or service design
Network
Design, dimensioning, planning of all aspects of the network
Design &
(access, switching, transmission, signaling...)
Planning
Service Design Definition and design of the services to be provided to the
end-user and their implementation concepts
Conformity
Verification, testing, or support for certification of equipment to
Assessment
standards, national regulations, specifications.
Multi Supplier Definition of concepts (e.g. synchronization), verification and
Interworking
test of the adequate Interworking of equipment of different
suppliers that will be present in the future network.
Multi Operator Advising and assisting the operator in issues related to the fact
Interoperability that he is operating in a multi-operator environment: service
introduction, testing, harmonization in a multi-operator
environment, interconnection agreement support...

43
Network
Implementation
Site
Management
Customer
Application
Engineering
Logistics
Management
Definition of site requirements, assessments of sites, preparation

of sites and even acquisition of sites
Configuration of hardware and software according to the
particular network element implementation or enhancement.
Deals with all logistical aspects related to the deployment of

the network: transport, customs, distribution, call-off at
respective suppliers...
Deployment
Physical in-plant or out plant installation (of HW and SW),
connection and commissioning (up to hand-over)
Implementatio Assisting the operator in executing deployment activities:
n Assistance
project management, planning, supervision, support during
test phases and run-in, provisioning of necessary methods and
procedures if he chooses to perform tasks himself...
Network Operation Assessment
Audit of operational (operation and maintenance) processes,
operation and maintenance organization, and its
& Maintenance
performance in order to identify & advise main opportunities,
main gaps and quick hits.
Consulting
Advising and implementing operation and maintenance
processes and methods, and improvements to the existing
processes and organization
Operation
Technical daily operation of the network and its related
facilities
Maintenance All activities related to preventive and corrective maintaining
the network and related facilities: on-site, off-site maintenance
or maintenance support, spare part handling and repair along
with SW maintenance update and configuration
management.
Customer
Assessment
Audit of customer care and billing processes, organization, and
Administration
performance in order to identify & advise main opportunities,
main gaps and quick hits.
Design
Advise on the definition and implementation of the processes
(or their enhancements) required in customer care and billing
operation
Implementatio Implementation of the processes, tools and organization for
n
customer care and billing operation
Assistance
Assistance during the running operation of the customer care
or billing
Skills & Resources Assessment
Assessment of available or planned resources regarding the
adequate skill level and available tools to maintain or enhance
Development
this skill level.
Consulting
Advising on required skills, development plans and tools.
Training
Provision of technical training (Installation and test, O&M,
system specialist, technology...)
Information & Provision (generation, distribution) of the documentation.
Documentatio Providing easier accesses and support to the documentation
n
and system information.
Network and
Assessment
Audit and analysis of the existing network performance /quality
Services
and its exposures in order to identify main opportunities, main
Enhancement
gaps and quick hits.

44
Network
Optimization
Service
Optimization
Definition of solutions for improving and optimizing the quality

of service and grade of service of the network.
Definition of solutions for enhancing the end-user service
portfolio, the service coverage. Advising on introduction plan
in the network.
Network
Capacity Enhancement Definition of and advice on the
Capacity
introduction of Capacity enhancement concepts in the
Enhancement network, on how to raise the capacity of the existing network
5.3 STANDARDS SETS OF SERVICES APPLICABLE TO LMDS

Sets of services are a transversal view of the all-in-One portfolio, aiming at providing a
customized solution to the operator
5.3.1
ANTICIPATION PROGRAM SET OF SERVICES
It is never easy to build a new business. But the job is especially challenging in today's fast
moving, highly competitive telecommunication market environment. The licence
application process is only the first step in a complex process which requires careful coordination of technical, regulatory, financial, budgetary, administrative and marketing &
sales elements.
International Operators have new needs:
Lack of resources due to many projects world-wide
Poor knowledge of the country
Their concern are:
How to get support in building the business plan
How to anticipate a turnkey deployment
define an accurate preliminary network design
efficiently & quickly perform the network planning together with the site acquisition
process thanks a clear anticipation program
Networks need to be commercially anticipated, meaning a large number of sites to be
selected.
The following ALCATEL set of service is aiming at answering this need :
-
Network Design Prepare Basic

Preliminary Radio Design plus
Network Architecture Design premier
5.3.2
TURN-KEY DEPLOYMENT SET OF SERVICES
Turnkey deployment set of services provides a global solution to the operator from the site
identification to the commercial launch of the network.
-
Network Design prepare basic

Radio Planning Assess plus
RBS site identification
Assemble premier for RBS/TS
Cable premier for RBS/TS
Commissioning premier for RBS/TS

45
Operate premier
Training plus
Support premier
Solve plus
Assist plus
Repair basic

46
Maintenance set of services

The following sets of services ensure that the network is maintained to guaranty the longterm success.
-
Operation & Maintenance Bronze Package

Solve Plus
Assist plus
Repair Basic
Operation & Maintenance Silver Package

Solve Plus
Assist plus
Repair Basic
Soft premier
Operation & Maintenance Titanium Package

Support premier
Soft Premier
Assist plus
Repair Basic
Operation & Maintenance Gold Package

Solve Plus
Soft Premier
Spare premier
Assist plus
Repair Basic

47
GLOSSARY OF ABBREVIATIONS
BS
ALCATEL Base Station
DBS Digital Base Station
RBS
Radio Base Station
XBS
Exchange Base Station
TS
ALCATEL Terminal Station
NT
Network Termination
RT
Radio Termination
LT
ALCATEL Local (craft) Terminal
ADM Add/Drop Multiplexer
AMD ATM Modulator Demodulator
ANT ATM Network Termination
ATM Asynchronous Transfer Mode
BoD Bandwidth On Demand
BRI
(ISDN) Basic Rate Interface
IBS
IF Base Station
IDU
Indoor Unit
FR
Frame Relay
IF
Intermediate Frequency
ISDN Integrated Services Digital Network
IP
Internet Protocol
LAN Local Area Network
LNA Low Noise Amplifier
MAC Medium Access Control
NMS Network Management System
ODU Outdoor Unit
PLMN Public Land Mobile network
POTS Plain Old Telephone Service
PRI
(ISDN) Primary Rate Interface
PSTN Public Switched Telephone Network
RF
Radio Frequency
SDH/SONET Synchronous hierarchy
SNMP Simple Network Management Protocol
SSPA Solid State Power Amplifier
TNT
TDM Network Termination
VoD Video on Demand
WAN Wide Area Network
WLL Wireless Local Loop
SOHO Small Office - Home Office
SNMP Simple Network Management Protocol
SME Small & Medium Enterprises
UNI
User to Network Interface
Note: Specifications contained in this document subject to change without notice.

48
For further information, please contact
Mailing address :
5, rue Nol-Pons - 92734 Nanterre La Dfense - FRANCE
Tel. : +33 (0) 1 46 52 30 00 - Fax : +33 (0) 1 46 52 34 81
Web server : www.alcatel.com

49

U7390 LMDS Technical Description

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ALCATEL LMDS SOLUTION

LMDS Technical description Ed 10

ALCATEL LMDS MAIN FEATURES ............................................................................................................. 3

ARCHITECTURE & APPLICATIONS .......................................................................4

SYSTEM PLANNING & DIMENSIONING ...............................................................38

FREQUENCY RE-USE .................................................................................................................................... 38

ALL-IN-ONETM : GLOBAL PACKAGE, EASY SERVICE ......................................................................... 40

ALL-IN-ONETM DOMAINS OVERVIEW ..................................................................................................... 42

GLOSSARY OF ABBREVIATIONS ........................................................................48

LMDS Technical description Ed 10

LMDS Technical description Ed 10

1.1 MARKET CONSIDERATIONS

Synchronous Digital Hierarchy (SDH) / Synchronous Optical Network (SONET)

Narrow-band / broad-band switches.

Broadband Remote Access Node (RAN).

Cellular/Wireless Local Loop products.

Voice interconnection systems, such as SS7, V5.2 and GR-303

Fully integrated Network and Service Management.

LMDS Technical description Ed 10

1.2 ALCATEL LMDS MAIN FEATURES

Micro-cellular point-to-multi-point distribution architecture.

LMDS Technical description Ed 10

ARCHITECTURE & APPLICATIONS

LMDS Technical description Ed 10

The ALCATEL LMDS solution is a point-to-multi-point system designed to give an economic

Broadband Data Network

Figure 1 - APPLICATION MODEL

Cellular type network interconnected with PSTN/ISDN/PLMN/Leased-Lines/Broadband

Base Stations with split mounted indoor-outdoor architecture.

A simple network is made up of:

LMDS Technical description Ed 10

A Management Center common to multiple cells. The management center provides

LMDS Technical description Ed 10

The figure below shows the system block diagram:

Network and Service Management

Figure 2 - EQUIPMENT DEFINITION

The system consists of three main different location types:

LMDS Technical description Ed 10

The Terminal Station consists of:

LMDS Technical description Ed 10

The Base Station consists of:

Co- POL RBS

LMDS Technical description Ed 10

"Customer Da ta " Connector

AMD Boa rds

LMDS Technical description Ed 10

LMDS Technical description Ed 10

Typical applications are:

Data services on leased-lines for WAN connection based on leased-lines through

Figure 3 - LEASED LINES SERVICES

LMDS Technical description Ed 10

BURSTY DATA SERVICES

LMDS Technical description Ed 10

Internet / Intra net

Figure 4 - BROADBAND DATA SERVICES

Figure 5 - ADVANCED IP BASED SERVICES (Multiple Business Tenant Example)

High speed Internet access

LMDS Technical description Ed 10

Typical applications are:

Multiple POTS lines.

Figure 6 - SWITCHED TELEPHONY SERVICES

LMDS Technical description Ed 10

3.1 SYSTEM DESCRIPTION