ANAPHY REVIEWER

Anatomy scientific discipline that investigates the structure of the body

Systemic study by systems
Regional organization of the body areas
Surface external features
Physiology deals with processes or functions of living things
Human specific organism
Cellular
Systemic
Structural & Functional Organization
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2.
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5.
6.

Chemical Level atoms, chem bonds, molecules

Cellular Level compartments, organelles
Tissue Level group of cells with similar structure
Organ Level 2 or more tissue types together
Organ System Level group of organs contributing to some function
Organism all systems working together (includes intestinal bacteria)

Characteristics of Life
1. Organization functional interrelationships
2. Metabolism sum of all chemical & physical changes sustaining an organism; acquire & use energy
3. Responsiveness sense and respond to internal and external environmental changes
Catabolism produce energy from large/complex substances to smaller sub-units
Anabolism from smaller sub-units to large substances
4. Growth increase in size or number
5. Development change in form and size, cell structure & function form; generalized to specialized differentiation
6. Reproduction formation of new cells or organisms; tissue repair
*Hypertrophy increase in size of a body part or muscle
*Atrophy decrease in size of a body part or muscle
Homeostasis maintenance of constant internal environment
Variables measures of body properties that change in value (body temp, heart rate, respiratory rate, etc)
Set point average number / normal range
Negative Feedback Mechanism maintains homeostasis
DETECTION (deviation away from set point) CORRECTION (reversal of deviation toward normal range)
Components:
1. Receptor
2. Control Center
3. Effector
Positive Feedback Mechanism
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o
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deviation away from set point, outside normal range

not directly used for homeostasis
generally associated with injury, disease