Cervantes Et Al-2016-Journal of Biogeography Supply1

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Journal of Biogeography
SUPPORTING INFORMATION
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Successive arrivals since the Miocene shaped the diversity of the Caribbean Acalyphoideae (Euphorbiaceae)
Anglica Cervantes, Susy Fuentes, Jorge Gutirrez, Susana Magalln and Thomas Borsch
Appendix S1 Supplementary tables and figures.

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Table S1. Taxa, voucher information and accesions for the Acalyphoideae used in this study.
Field/Garden origin
Voucher *
Code
trnK/matK
Acc. *
trnL-F
Acc. *
petD
Acc. *
Outgroups
Pandaceae
Microdesmis caseariifolia Planch. ex Hook.f.
Thailand
R. Geensink & P. Hiepko 7839 (B)
EPH027
LK021473
HG971910
HG972077
Peraceae
Pera ekmanii Urb.
Pera ovalifolia Urb.
Pogonophora schomburgkiana Miers ex Benth.
Cuba
Cuba
French Guyana
T. Borsch 4953 et al. (B)

T. Borsch 4145 et al. (B, HAJB)
D. Larpin 1022 (B)
EPH292
N661
EPH025
LK021476
LN554245
LK021491
HG971913
LN554252
HG971928
HG972080
LN554251
HG972095
Phyllanthaceae
Andrachne colchica Fisch. & C.A. May. ex Boiss.
Flueggea acidoton (L.) G.L. Webster
Flueggea suffruticosa (Pall.) Baill.
Hieronyma nipensis Urb.
Hieronyma nipensis Urb.
Phyllanthus chamaecristoides Urb.
Phyllanthus fluitans Benth. ex. Mll. Arg.
Phyllanthus orbicularis Kunth
Heterosavia erythroxyloides (Griseb.) Petra Hoffm.
BG Bonn 3738
Dominican Republic
BG Bonn 3739
Cuba
Cuba
Cuba
BG Bonn 1066
Cuba
Cuba
A. Worberg 8 (BONN)
S. Fuentes 355 et al. (B)
A. Worberg 7 (BONN)
N. Korotkova 57 (BONN)
N497
EPH319
N499
EPH064
EPH039
EPH294
N474
EPH295
EPH068
LN554246
LK021440
LN554247
LK021449
LK021450
LK021478
LN554248
LK021479
LK021448
LN554253
HG971877
LN554255
HG971886
HG971887
HG971915
LN554255
HG971916
HG971885
FM178078
HG972044
FM178052
HG972053
HG972054
HG972082
FM178051
HG972083
HG972052
Species
Euphorbiaceae s. str.
Crotonoideae
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Aleurites moluccanus L. (Willd.)
Croton alainii B.W.van Ee & P.E. Berry
Croton ekmanii Urb.
Croton monogynus Urb.
Croton monogynus Urb.
Croton rosmarinoides Millsp.
Croton viminalis Griseb.
Jatropha gossypiifolia L.
Jatropha integerrima Jacq.
Cuba
Cuba
Cuba
Cuba
Cuba
Cuba
Cuba
Cuba
Cuba

EPH053
EPH048
EPH044
EPH057
EPH058
EPH043
EPH060
EPH052
EPH065
Manihot esculenta Crantz

Reutealis trisperma (Blanco) Airy Shaw
Vernicia fordii (Hemsl.) Airy Shaw
BG Bonn 19208
Cuba
BG Bonn 19200
Euphorbioideae
Bonania emarginata C. Wright. Ex. Griseb.
Euphorbia berteroana Balb. ex Spreng.
Euphorbia berteroana Balb. ex Spreng.
Euphorbia helenae Urb.
Euphorbia munizii Borhidi
Gymnanthes albicans (Griseb.) Urban
Gymnanthes lucida Sw.
Hippomane mancinella L.
Sapium laurifolium (A. Rich.) Griseb.
Sapium parvifolium Alain
Cuba
Cuba
Cuba
Cuba
Cuba
Cuba
Cuba
Cuba
Cuba
Cuba
Ingroup
Acalyphoideae s. str.
Acalypha alopecuroidea Jacq.
Acalypha alopecuroidea Jacq.
Acalypha chamaedrifolia Mll. Arg.
Acalypha chamaedrifolia Mll. Arg.
Acalypha cuspidata Jacq.
Acalypha glechomifolia A. Rich.
Acalypha hispida Burm.f.
Acalypha macrostachya Jacq.
Acalypha phleoides Cav.
Acalypha radians Torr.
Acalypha rhombifolia Schltdl.
Acalypha setosa A. Rich
Acalypha setosa A. Rich
Acalypha schiedeana Schltdl.
Cuba
Cuba
Cuba
Dominican Republic
Dominican Republic
Cuba
BG Bonn 1050
Mexico
Mexico
Mexico
Mexico
Mexico
Mexico
Mexico
HG971814
HG971847
HG971848
HG971849
HG971850
HG971851
HG971852
HG971889
HG971890
NC_01433.
1
HG971930
LN554256
HG971981
HG972014
HG972015
HG972016
HG972017
HG972018
HG972019
HG972056
HG972057
N526
EPH035
N529
LK021377
LK021410
LK021411
LK021412
LK021413
LK021414
LK021415
LK021452
LK021453
NC_010433.
1
LK021493
LN554249

EPH288
EPH054
EPH055
EPH050
EPH056
EPH063
EPH051
EPH377
EPH066
EPH067
LK021393
LK021436
LK021437
LK021438
LK021439
LK021446
LK021447
LK021451
LK021495
LK021496
HG971830
HG971873
HG971874
HG971875
HG971876
HG971883
HG971884
HG971888
HG971932
HG971933
HG971997
HG972040
HG972041
HG972042
HG972043
HG972050
HG972051
HG972055
HG972099
HG972100
S. Fuentes 359 et al. (HAJB)

P. Gonzlez 1303-8 (HAJB)
W. Greuter 25543 et al. (B)
J. Calonico 21481 et al. (MEXU)
Rivera-H. 2739 et al. (MEXU)
E. Martinez 39989 (MEXU)
T. Borsch 5359 et al. (B, MEXU)
Sanders 11581 et al. (MEXU)
Alvarez 5279 (MEXU)
EPH375
EPH376
EPH384
EPH383
EPH335
EPH328
N481
EPH243
EPH247
EPH248
EPH300
EPH244
EPH245
EPH299
LK021347
LK021348
LK021349
LK021350
LK021351
LK021352
LN554250
LK021353
LK021354
LK021355
LK021359
LK021357
LK021358
LK021356
HG971784
HG971785
HG971786
HG971787
HG971788
HG971789
LN554257
HG971790
HG971791
HG971792
HG971796
HG971794
HG971795
HG971793
HG971951
HG971952
HG971953
HG971954
HG971955
HG971956
FM178072
HG971957
HG971958
HG971959
HG971963
HG971961
HG971962
HG971960
FM178079
HG972097
FM178077
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Acalypha schiedeana Schltdl.
Acidoton microphyllus Urb.
Acidoton nicaraguensis (Hemsl.) G. L. Webster
Acidoton variifolius Urb. & Ekman
Adelia barbinervis Cham.& Schltdl.
Adelia barbinervis Cham.& Schltdl.
Adelia brandegeei V.W. Steinm.
Adelia brandegeei V.W. Steinm.
Adelia cinerea (Wiggins & Rollins) A. Cerv., V.W. Steinm. &
Flores Olv.
Adelia cinerea (Wiggins & Rollins) A. Cerv., V.W. Steinm. &
Flores Olv.
Adelia ricinella L.
Adenochlaena leucocephala Baill.
Adriana tomentosa Gaudich.
Agrostistachys coriacea Alston
Alchornea floribunda Mll. Arg.
Alchornea latifolia Sw.
Alchorneopsis floribunda (Benth.) Mll. Arg.
Amperea xiphoclada (Sieber ex. Spreng.) Druce
Amyrea sambiranensis Leandri
Argythamnia candicans Sw.
Argythamnia candicans Sw.
Avellanita bustillosii Phil.
Avellanita bustillosii Phil.
Bernardia corensis (Jacq.) Mll. Arg.
Bernardia dichotoma (Willd.) Mll. Arg.
Bernardia dodecandra (Sess ex. Cav.) McVaugh
Bernardia laurentii R.A. Howard
Bernardia mexicana (Hook. & Arn.) Mll. Arg.
Bernardia pulchella (Baill.) Mll. Arg.
Bernardia tenuifolia Urb.
Bia fallax (Mll. Arg.) G.L. Webster
Blumeodendron tokbrai (Blume) Kurz
Caperonia cubana Pax & K. Hoffm.
Caperonia palustris (L.) A. St.-Hil.
Caryodendron orinocense H. Karst.
Cephalocroton cordofanus Hochst.
Cephalocroton mollis Klotzsch
Cephalomappa malloticarpa J.J. Sm.
Chiropetalum sp.
Mexico
Dominican Republic
Dominican Republic
Honduras
Dominican Republic
Mexico
Mexico
Mexico
Mexico

T. Clase 2222 et al. (JBSD)
T. Clase 7665 (JBSD)
P. R. House 2275 (MEXU)
S. Fuentes 1182 et al. (JBSD)
D. Alvarez 8407 (MEXU)
A. Campos 6637 & R. Coates (MEXU)
Y. Ramirez Amezcua et al. (IEB)
R. Felger 92-1032 (MEXU)
EPH301
EPH322
EPH320
EPH195
EPH382
EPH256
EPH258
EPH185
EPH255
LK021360
LK021361
LK021362
LK021445
LK021363
LK021364
LK021365
LK021366
LK021367
HG971797
HG971798
HG971799
HG971882
HG971800
HG971801
HG971802
HG971803
HG971804
HG971964
HG971965
HG971966
HG972049
HG971967
HG971968
HG971969
HG971970
HG971971
Mexico
V. Steinmann 971 (MEXU)
EPH178
LK021368
HG971805
HG971972
Mexico
Cuba
Mayotte
Australia
Sri-Lanka
Ghana
Cuba
French Guyana
Australia
Mayotte
Bahamas
Cuba
Chile
Chile
St. Lucia (Antilles)
Dominican Republic
Mexico
St. Lucia (Antilles)
Mexico
Bolivia
Dominican Republic
Guyana
Andaman Islands
Cuba
Cuba
Ecuador
Ethiopia
Botswana
Java
Peru
A. L. Reina 2006-1398 (IEB)

F. Barthelat 758 et al. (B)
S. Hunger & N. Kiliian 3685 (B)
Kathriarachchi 22 et al. (K)
A. A. Enti SP580 (BR)
M. F. Prvost 3456 (B)
M. Chase 3063 (K)
O. Pascal 659 (B)
W. T. Gillis 12922 (B)
P. Medina 2.1 (B)
P. Medina 3.1 (B)
R. Graveson & M. Smith 3126-BC1 (B)
T. Clase et al. 5374 (JBSD)
M. Soto Hernndez s.n. (XAL)
R. Graveson & M. Smith 3127 (B)
A. Cervantes 270 et al. (MEXU)
M. Zardini & L. Guerrero 41879 (LPB)
M. J. Jansen-Jacobs 3463 et al. (B)
M. Chase 1252 (K)
W. Greuter 25237 et al. (B)
W. Palacios 1504 (MEXU)
I. Friis 6870 et al. (BR)
L. Liebenberg 8961 (BR)
M. Chase 1256 (K)
M. Weigend 5670 et al. (B)
EPH183
EPH033
EPH010
EPH001
EPH219
EPH115
EPH034
EPH030
EPH214
EPH022
EPH019
EPH168
EPH305
EPH306
EPH307
EPH102
EPH172
EPH308
EPH082
EPH302
EPH310
EPH189
EPH208
EPH334
EPH036
EPH111
EPH122
EPH123
EPH210
EPH031
LK021369
LK021370
LK021371
LK021372
LK021373
LK021374
LK021375
LK021376
LK021378
LK021379
LK021380
LK021381
LK021382
LK021383
LK021384
LK021385
LK021386
LK021387
LK021388
LK021389
LK021390
LK021391
LK021392
LK021394
LK021395
LK021396
LK021397
LK021398
LK021399
LK021400
HG971806
HG971807
HG971808
HG971809
HG971810
HG971811
HG971812
HG971813
HG971815
HG971816
HG971817
HG971818
HG971819
HG971820
HG971821
HG971822
HG971823
HG971824
HG971825
HG971826
HG971827
HG971828
HG971829
HG971831
HG971832
HG971833
HG971834
HG971835
HG971836
HG971837
HG971973
HG971974
HG971975
HG971976
HG971977
HG971978
HG971979
HG971980
HG971982
HG971983
HG971984
HG971985
HG971986
HG971987
HG971988
HG971989
HG971990
HG971991
HG971992
HG971993
HG971994
HG971995
HG971996
HG971998
HG971999
HG972000
HG972001
HG972002
HG972003
HG972004
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Chiropetalum tricoccum (Vell.) Chodat & Hassl.
Chondrostylis bancana Boerl.
Chrozophora tinctoria (L.) Raf.
Chrozophora sp.
Chrozophora tinctoria(L.) Raf.
Claoxylon glandulosum Boivin ex. Baill.
Crotonogynopsis usambarica Pax
Crotonogynopsis usambarica Pax
Dalechampia aristolochiifolia Kunth
Dalechampia scandens L.
Dalechampia scandens L.
Dalechampia spathulata (Scheidw.) Baill.
Dalechampia trifoliata Peter ex Verdc. & Greenway
Discoclaoxylon hexandrum (Mll. Arg.) Pax & K. Hoffm.
Discoglypremna caloneura (Pax) Prain
Ditaxis guatemalensis (Mll. Arg.) Pax & K. Hoffm.
Ditaxis lanceolata (Benth.) Pax & K. Hoffm.
Ditaxis manzanilloana (Rose) Pax & K. Hoffm.
Ditaxis manzanilloana (Rose) Pax & K. Hoffm.
Ditaxis pringlei(Greenm.) Pax & K. Hoffm.
Enriquebeltrania disjuncta De-Nova & Sosa
Erismanthus obliquus Wall ex Mll. Arg.
Erythrococca africana (Baill.) Prain
Erythrococca berberidea Prain
Garciadelia abbottii Jestrow & Jimnez Rodr.
Garciadelia abbottii Jestrow & Jimnez Rodr.
Garciadelia castilloae Jestrow & Jimnez Rodr.
Garciadelia mejiae Jestrow & Jimnez Rodr.
Hancea acuminata (Baill.) S.E.C. Sierra, Kulju & Welzen
Hancea capuronii (Landri) S.E.C. Sierra, Kulju & Welzen
Hancea integrifolia (Willd.) S.E.C. Sierra, Kulju & Welzen
Koilodepas bantamense Hassk.
Lasiocroton bahamensis Pax & K. Hoffm.
Lasiocroton microphyllus (A. Rich.) Jestrow
Leucocroton obovatus Urb.
Leucocroton pachyphyllus Urb.
Leucocroton pallidus Britton & P. Wilson
Leucocroton virens Griseb.
Leucocroton wrightii Griseb.
Paraguay
Central Kalimantan
Greece
Spain
Greece
La Reunion
Democratic Republic of
Congo
Zaire
BG Berlin 214-01-01-83
Cuba
Cuba
BG Berlin 141-10-74-84/1
Tanzania
Guinea
Central African Republic
Mexico
Mexico
Mexico
Mexico
Mexico
Mexico
Mexico
Mexico
Central Kalimantan
Senegal
South Africa
Dominican Republic
Dominican Republic
Dominican Republic
Dominican Republic
Madagascar
Madagascar
La Reunion
Java
Cuba
Cuba
Cuba
Cuba
Cuba
Cuba
Cuba
E. Zardini & T. Tilleria 30777 (B)

G. Argent & Amiril Saridan 9327 (L)
R. & E . Willing 120.627 (B)
T. Borsch 5066 (B)
R. & E . Willing 143.053 (B)
REU 10026 (K)
EPH011
EPH127
EPH130
EPH113
EPH020
EPH222
LK021401
LK021402
LK021404
LK021403
LK021405
LK021406
HG971838
HG971839
HG971841
HG971840
HG971842
HG971843
HG972005
HG972006
HG972008
HG972007
HG972009
HG972010
N.L. Bola 143 (BR)

Ewango 559 (B)
EPH166
EPH009
EPH071
EPH378
EPH314
EPH070
EPH207
EPH140
EPH215
EPH267
EPH262
EPH263
EPH272
EPH259
EPH260
EPH269
EPH275
EPH145
EPH149
EPH150
EPH180
EPH325
EPH324
EPH323
EPH221
EPH158
EPH223
EPH211
EPH316
EPH315
EPH045
EPH046
EPH047
EPH037
EPH038
LK021416
LK021417
LK021418
LK021419
LK021420
LK021421
LK021422
LK021423
LK021424
LK021425
LK021426
LK021427
LK021428
LK021429
LK021430
LK021431
LK021432
LK021433
LK021434
LK021435
LK021441
LK021442
LK021443
LK021444
LK021407
LK021408
LK021409
LK021454
LK021455
LK021456
LK021457
LK021458
LK021459
LK021460
LK021461
HG971853
HG971854
HG971855
HG971856
HG971857
HG971858
HG971859
HG971860
HG971861
HG971862
HG971863
HG971864
HG971865
HG971866
HG971867
HG971868
HG971869
HG971870
HG971871
HG971872
HG971878
HG971879
HG971880
HG971881
HG971844
HG971845
HG971846
HG971891
HG971892
HG971893
HG971894
HG971895
HG971896
HG971897
HG971898
HG972020
HG972021
HG972022
HG972023
HG972024
HG972025
HG972026
HG972027
HG972028
HG972029
HG972030
HG972031
HG972032
HG972033
HG972034
HG972035
HG972036
HG972037
HG972038
HG972039
HG972045
HG972046
HG972047
HG972048
HG972011
HG972012
HG972013
HG972058
HG972059
HG972060
HG972061
HG972062
HG972063
HG972064
HG972065

P. Gonzlez 19-02-12 (B/HAJB)
A. Hemp 4218 (B)
Jonkind 8328 (BR)
Harris 4370 (K)
R. Villanueva & E. Cabrera (MEXU)
S. Gonzlez & R. R. Clinebell 6363 (MEXU)
E. Ventura & E. Lopez 7224 (MEXU)
A. C. Sanders 3529 et al. (MEXU)
A. Saynes 5417 et al. (MEXU)
E. Lott 2391 (MEXU)
J. Rivera & Espinosa 3326 (MEXU)
A. De Nova 107 (MEXU)
G. Argent & Amiril Saridan 9341 (L)
C. Vanden Berghen 8806 (BR)
Balkwill & Balkwill 10733 (B)
Jimenez 3577 (FTG)
T. Clase 7666 (JSBD)
Ralimanana 387 et al. (K)
O. Poncy 1561 (BR)
REU 10040 (K)
M. Chase 1263 (K)
N. Kster 2691 et al. (B)
N. Kster 2659 et al. (B)
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Macaranga fallacina Pax & K. Hoffm.
Mallotus japonicus (L.f.) Mll. Arg.
Mallotus mollissimus (Geiseler) Airy Shaw
Mareya brevipes Pax
Mareyopsis longifolia (Pax) Pax & K. Hoffm.
Melanolepis multiglandulosa (Reinw. ex Blume) Rchb. & Zoll.
Mercurialis annua L.
Mercurialis perennis L.
Mercurialis reverchonii Rouy
Micrococca capensis (Baill.) Prain
Papua New Guinea

BG Berlin 073-0589-13/1
Papua New Guinea
Cameroon
Gabon
Papua New Guinea
Greece
BG Berlin
Morocco
South Africa
Micrococca mercurialis L. (Benth.)

Omphalea brasiliensis Mll. Arg.
Omphalea trichotoma Mll. Arg.
Philyra brasiliensis Klotzsch
Platygyna dentataAlain
Platygyna hexandra (Jacq.) Mll. Arg.
Platygyna leonis Alain
Platygyna obovata Borhidi
Platygyna parvifolia Alain
Plukenetia penninervia Mll. Arg.
Plukenetia volubilis L.
Pycnocoma chevalieri Beille
Ricinus communis L.
Seidelia firmula (Prain) Pax & Hoffm.
Sumbaviopsis albicans (Blume) J.J. Sm.
Tragia brevispica Engelm. & A. Gray
Tragia cubensis Urb.
Tragia furialis Bojer
Tragia glanduligera Pax & K. Hoffm.
Tragia jonesii Radcl.-Sm & Govaerts
Tragia sp.
Congo
Brazil
Cuba
Paraguay
Cuba
Cuba
Cuba
Cuba
Cuba
Cuba
Cuba
Mexico
Mexico
Mexico
Mexico
Central African Republic
BG Berlin
Sudwest Africa
Java
Mexico
Cuba
Comoros
Mexico
Mexico
Cuba
Tragia sp.
Tragia mexicana Mll. Arg.
Tragia volubilis L.
Tragia volubilis L.
Tragia volubilis L.
Congo
Mexico
Mexico
Cuba
Dominican Republic
W. Takeuchi 17133 (L)

G. D. Weiblen 1537 (L)
J. Lejoly 86/1039 (BR)
G. McPherson 16174 (BR)
G. D. Weiblen 1538 (L)
D. Lauterbach et al. s.n. (B)
A. Cervantes s.n. (B)
B. Valdes 27-0980 et al. (B)
Balkwill et al. 7617 (B) / 1992
Boyekoli Ebale Congo Expedition 2010-462
(BR)
M. Chase 16142 (K)
E. Zardini (K)
T. Borsch et al. 4781 (B)
P. Gonzlez HFC 87693 (B, HAJB)
J. Calnico 22458 (MEXU)
A. Hanan 1387 et al. (MEXU)
G. Ibarra & Sinaca 3608 (MEXU)
Harris & Fay 6 (BR)
A. Cervantes s.n (B)
R. Seydel 2996 (B)
M. Chase 1271 (K)
G. Mrquez-Salazar 126 (MEXU)
W. Greuter, R. Rankin & I. Silva 26452 (B)
Ralimanana 269 (K)
E. Martnez 40307 & A. Ibarra (MEXU)
C. Surez-Gracida s.n. (MEXU)
I. Castaeda 9620 (ULV)
Boyekoli Ebale Congo Expedition 2010-468
(BR)
S. Fuentes 357 et al. (HAJB)
EPH176
EPH072
EPH175
EPH159
EPH164
EPH174
EPH231
EPH285
EPH232
EPH147
LK021462
LK021463
LK021464
LK021465
LK021466
LK021467
LK021468
LK021469
LK021470
LK021471
HG971899
HG971900
HG971901
HG971902
HG971903
HG971904
HG971905
HG971906
HG971907
HG971908
HG972066
HG972067
HG972068
HG972069
HG972070
HG972071
HG972072
HG972073
HG972074
HG972075
EPH169
EPH217
EPH040
EPH313
EPH287
EPH351
EPH371
EPH041
EPH042
EPH049
EPH364
EPH228
EPH234
EPH229
EPH200
EPH167
EPH069
EPH002
EPH212
EPH197
EPH332
EPH216
EPH199
EPH198
EPH372
LK021472
LK021474
LK021475
LK021477
LK021480
LK021481
LK021482
LK021483
LK021484
LK021485
LK021486
LK021487
LK021488
LK021489
LK021490
LK021492
LK021494
LK021497
LK021498
LK021499
LK021500
LK021501
LK021502
LK021503
LK021504
HG971909
HG971911
HG971912
HG971914
HG971917
HG971918
HG971919
HG971920
HG971921
HG971922
HG971923
HG971924
HG971925
HG971926
HG971927
HG971929
HG971931
HG971934
HG971935
HG971936
HG971937
HG971938
HG971939
HG971940
HG971941
HG972076
HG972078
HG972079
HG972081
HG972084
HG972085
HG972086
HG972087
HG972088
HG972089
HG972090
HG972091
HG972092
HG972093
HG972094
HG972096
HG972098
HG972101
HG972102
HG972103
HG972104
HG972105
HG972106
HG972107
HG972108
EPH191
EPH233
EPH227
EPH373
EPH379
LK021505
LK021506
LK021507
LK021508
LK021509
HG971942
HG971943
HG971944
HG971945
HG971946
HG972109
HG972110
HG972111
HG972112
HG972113
!
!
!
!
Tragia volubilis L.
Tragia yucatanensis Millsp.
Tragiella anomala (Prain) Pax & K. Hoffm.
Tragiella natalensis (Sond.) Pax & K. Hoffm.
Dominican Republic
Mexico
Malawi
Tanzania

J. Calnico 23046 et al. (MEXU)
F. Dowset-Lemaire 643 (BR)
S. Bidgood 1609 et al. (BR)
EPH380
EPH196
EPH192
EPH193
LK021510
LK021511
LK021512
LK021513
HG971947
HG971948
HG971949
HG971950
HG972114
HG972115
HG972116
HG972117
!* EMBL/GenBank accessions.
!
!
!
!
!
!
Note: Herbaria acronyms follows Thriers B. (continuosly updated) Index Herbariorum: A global directory of public herbaria and associated staff. New York Botanical Gardens Virtual Herbarium. The
nomenclature of the genera and species follows Govaerts et al. (2000) and Radcliffe-Smith (2001). !
!
! !
References
Govaerts, R., Frodin, D.G. & Radcliffe-Smith, A. (2000) World checklist and bibliography of Euphorbiaceae (with Pandaceae). Vols. I-IV. Kew: Royal Botanic Gardens.
Radcliffe-Smith, A. (2001) Genera Euphorbiacearum. Kew: Royal Botanic Gardens.
!
!
!
!
Table S2. Primers used for amplification and sequencing.
Region
matK/trnK
trnL-F
petB-petD
Name
trnKFbry
trnK-2R
EPHmatK60F
EPHmatK185R
EPHmatK690R
EPHmatK470F
EPHmatK1180R
EPHmatK1020F
Sequence (5-3)
GGGTTGCTAACTCAATGGTAGAG
AACTAGTCGGATGGAGTAG
CCCATTTATCTTTCGGGAG
GATTCTGTTGATACATTCGGG
GATCGTAAATGAAAGGAYTG
TACCTTACCCCATCCATMT
CTAATRGGATGTCCTACTG
GTRCGGAGTCAAATGCTAG
References
Wicke & Quandt, 2009
Johnson & Soltis, 1995
Designed for this study
trnTc
trnTd
trnTe
trnTf
trnL460F
CGAAATCGGTAGACGCTACG
GGGGATAGAGGGACTTGAAC
GGTTCAAGTCCCTCTATCCC
ATTTGAACTGGTGACACGAG
GAGAATAAAGATAGAGTCC
Taberlet et al., 1999

Worberg et al., 2007
pipetB1411F
pipetD738R
EPHpetD657F
EPHpetD891R
GCCGTMTTTATGTTAATGC
AATTTAGCYCTTAATACAGG
TTTATRATACTATCGGAGTG
TAAATGCTCAATRCCCAAG
Lhne & Borsch, 2005

Lhne & Borsch, 2005
References
Johnson, L. A. & Soltis, D. E. (1995) Phylogenetic Inference in Saxifragaceae sensu stricto and Gilia (Polemoniaceae) Using matK Sequences. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden,
82, 149-175.
Lhne, C. & Borsch, T. (2005) Molecular Evolution and Phylogenetic Utility of the petD Group II Intron: A Case Study in Basal Angiosperms. Molecular Biology and Evolution 22, 317332.
Taberlet, P., Gielly, L., Pautou, G. & Bouvet, J. (1991) Universal primers for amplification of three non-coding regions of chloroplast DNA. Plant Molecular Biology, 17, 1105-1109.
Wicke, S. & Quandt, D. (2009) Universal primers for the amplification of the plastid trnK/matK region in land plants. Anales Jardn Botnico de Madrid, 66, 285-288.
Worberg, A., Quandt, D., Barniske, A. M., Lhne, C., Hilu, K. W. & Borsch, T. (2007) Phylogeny of basal eudicots: Insights from non-coding and rapidly evolving DNA. Organisms
Diversity and Evolution, 7, 55-77.
!
!
!
!
!
Table S3. Recorded distribution areas for the species included in the present study.
Taxon
Distribution*
References
Tragia_brevispica_EPH197
Tragia_glanduligera_EPH199
Tragia_jonesii_EPH198
Tragia_yucatanensis_EPH196
Tragia_sp_EPH372
Tragia_mexicana_EPH233
Tragia_cubensis_EPH332
Tragia_volubilis_EPH373
Acidoton_nicaraguensis_EPH195
Platygyna_leonis_EPH041
Platygyna_obovata_EPH049
Platygyna_parvifolia_EPH364
Platygyna_hexandra_EPH351
Platygyna_dentata_EPH287
Acidoton_microphyllus_EPH320
Acidoton_variifolius_EPH382
Bia_fallax_EPH189
Tragia_furialis_EPH216
Tragia_sp_EPH191
Tragiella_anomala_EPH192
Tragiella_natalensis_EPH193
Dalechampia_scandens_EPH314
Dalechampia_trifoliata_EPH207
Dalechampia_aristolochiifolia_EPH071
Dalechampia_spathulata_EPH070
A
AB
A
B
D
B
D
ABCD
ABCD
ABCD
ABCD
B
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
C
E
E
E
E
BCD
BCD
E
C
BC
Govaerts et al., 2000

!
!
!
!
Plukenetia_penninervia_EPH228
Plukenetia_volubilis_EPH200
Bernardia_dichotoma_EPH102
Bernardia_tenuifolia_EPH310
Bernardia_mexicana_EPH082
Bernardia_dodecandra_EPH172
Bernardia_corensis_EPH307
Bernardia_laurentii_EPH308
Bernardia_pulchella_EPH302
Caryodendron_orinocense_EPH111
Avellanita_bustillosii_EPH305
Leucocroton_obovatus_EPH045
Leucocroton_pachyphyllus_EPH046
Leucocroton_virens_EPH037
Leucocroton_wrightii_EPH038
Leucocroton_pallidus_EPH047
Lasiocroton_microphyllus_EPH315
Lasiocroton_bahamensis_EPH316
Garciadelia_abbottii_EPH180
Garciadelia_castilloae_EPH324
Garciadelia_mejiae_EPH323
Adelia_brandegeei_EPH185
Adelia_barbinervis_EPH256
Adelia_ricinella_EPH033
Adelia_cinerea_EPH178
Philyra_brasiliensis_EPH313
Caperonia_palustris_EPH036
Caperonia_cubana_EPH334
BC
BC
BC
C
D
D
AB
AB
CD
D
C
C
C
C
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
A
A
AB
AB
D
A
A
C
ABCD
D

Jestrow et al., 2010
De Nova et al., 2007
!
!
!
!
Argythamnia_candicans_EPH168
Ditaxis_guatemalensis_EPH267
Ditaxis_manzanilloana_EPH260
Ditaxis_pringlei_EPH269
Ditaxis_lanceolata_EPH272
Chiropetalum_tricoccum_EPH011
Chiropetalum_sp_EPH031
Enriquebeltrania_disjuncta_EPH275
Seidelia_firmula_EPH002
Acalypha_phleoides_EPH247
Acalypha_rhombifolia_EPH300
Acalypha_alopecuroidea_EPH375
Acalypha_setosa_EPH244
Acalypha_radians_EPH248
Acalypha_schiedeana_EPH299
Acalypha_glechomifolia_EPH328
Acalypha_chamaedrifolia_EPH384
Acalypha_hispida_N481
Acalypha_macrostachya_EPH243
Acalypha_cuspidata_EPH335
Mareya_brevipes_EPH159
Pycnocoma_chevalieri_EPH167
Chondrostylis_bancana_EPH127
Crotonogynopsis_usambarica_EPH009
Erythrococca_africana_EPH149
Erythrococca_berberidea_EPH150
D
AB
D
A
A
A
A
AB
AB
C
C
A
E
AB
A
ABCD
ABCD
ABC
ABC
A
ABC
ABC
D
D
D
G
AB
CD
E
E
G
E
E
E
E

!
!
!
!
Micrococca_mercurialis_EPH169
Micrococca_capensis_EPH147
Claoxylon_glandulosum_EPH222
Discoclaoxylon_hexandrum_EPH140
Mercurialis_annua_EPH231
Mercurialis_reverchonii_EPH232
Mercurialis_perennis_EPH285
Cephalocroton_cordofanus_EPH122
Cephalocroton_mollis_EPH123
Adenochlaena_leucocephala_EPH010
Cephalomappa_malloticarpa_EPH210
Koilodepas_bantamense_EPH211
Chrozophora_tinctoria_EPH020
Chrozophora_sp_EPH113
Melanolepis_multiglandulosa_EPH174
Sumbaviopsis_albicans_EPH212
Ricinus_communis_EPH069
Amperea_xiphoclada_EPH214
Adriana_tomentosa_EPH001
Mallotus_japonicus_EPH072
Mallotus_mollisimus_EPH175
Macaranga_fallacina_EPH176
Hancea_capuronii_EPH158
Hancea_acuminata_EPH221
Hancea_integrifolia_EPH223
Blumeodendron_tokbrai_EPH208
Agrostistachys_coriacea_EPH219
Alchornea_latifolia_EPH034
Alchornea_floribunda_EPH115
Alchorneopsis_floribunda_EPH030
Mareyopsis_longifolia_EPH164
Amyrea_sambiranensis_EPH022
Discoglypremna_caloneura_EPH215
Erismanthus_obliquus_EPH145
EG
E
E
E
EFG
EF
EFG
E
E
E
G
G
EFG
EFG
EFG
G
G
E
H
H
G
GH
G
E
E
G
G
G
ABCD
E
BCD
E
E
E
G

Sierra et al., 2007
Sierra et al., 2007
Sierra et al., 2007
!
!
!
!
Hippomane_mancinella_EPH377
Bonania_emarginata_EPH288
Sapium_parvifolium_EPH067
Sapium_laurifolium_EPH066
Gymnanthes_lucida_EPH051
Gymnanthes_albicans_EPH063
Euphorbia_helenae_EPH050
Euphorbia_munizii_EPH056
Euphorbia_berteroana_EPH054
Manihot_esculenta_N526
Omphalea_trichotoma_EPH040
Omphalea_brasiliensis_EPH217
Croton_monogynus_EPH058
Croton_viminalis_EPH060
Croton_rosmarinoides_EPH043
Croton_alainii_EPH048
Croton_ekmanii_EPH044
Jatropha_gossypiifolia_EPH052
Jatropha_integerrima_EPH065
Vernicia_fordii_N529
Reutealis_trisperma_EPH035
Aleurites_moluccanus_EPH053
Pera_ovalifolia_N661
Pera_ekmanii_EPH292
Pogonophora_schomburgkiana_EPH025
Phyllanthus_chamaecristoides_EPH294
Phyllanthus_orbicularis_EPH295
Phyllanthus_fluitans_N474
Flueggea_suffruticosa_N499
Flueggea_acidoton_EPH319
Andrachne_colchica_N497
Heterosavia_erythroxyloides_EPH068
Hieronyma_nipensis_EPH039
BCD
D
D
BCD
ABD
D
D
D
BCD
BCD
C
D
C
D
D
D
D
D
D
BCD
D
G
G
GH
D
D
C
D
D
C
G
D
G
D
D

!
!
!
!
Microdesmis_caseariifolia_EPH027
D
G

!
* Recorded distribution areas: A, the Nearctic part of Mxico; B, Mesoamerica; C, South America; D, Caribbean; E, Africa and Madagascar; F, Europe; G, Asia; H, Australia and New
Caledonia.
!
!
References
De-Nova, J.A., Sosa, V. & Steinmann, V.W. (2007) A Synopsis of Adelia (Euphorbiaceae s.s.). Systematic Botany, 32, 583-595.
De-Nova, J.A., Sosa, V. & Wurdack, K.J. (2006) Phylogenetic Relationships and the Description of a New Species of Enriquebeltrania (Euphorbiaceae s.s.): An Enigmatic
Genus Endemic to Mexico. Systematic Botany, 31, 533-546.
Govaerts, R., Frodin, D.G., Radcliffe-Smith, A., Carter, S. & Royal Botanic Gardens, K. (2000) World checklist and bibliography of Euphorbiaceae (with Pandaceae),
Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
Jestrow, B., Rodrguez, F.J. & Francisco-Ortega, J. (2010) Generic delimitation in the Antillean Adelieae (Euphorbiaceae) with description of the Hispaniolan endemic
genus Garciadelia. Taxon, 59, 1801-1814.
Sierra, S.E.C., Kulju, K.K.M., Veldkamp, J.F. & van Welzen, P.C. (2007) Resurrection of Hancea and lectotypification of Adisca (Euphorbiaceae). Blumea, 52, 361-366.
!
!
!
!
Table S4. Sequence statistics of individual regions in the combined dataset.
trnK intron
matK
trnL intron
trnL-F spacer
petB-D spacer
pet D intron
Combined
1543-3424
603-1547
1477.03 (131.6)
4106-5685
362-701
542.4 (39.9)
5739-6904
0-493
397.9 (58.6)
6905-7472
0-281
209.1 (46.1)
7473-9533
442-966
819 (84.4)
1-9533 *
2250-4797 *
4414.3 (1407.1)
Mutational hotspots
Length range hotspots
Mean length of hotspots
GC content (%)
Inversions
1-1542 / 3425-4105
0-824 / 0-390
692.017 (198.26)
219.684(71.12)
14
0-177
9.3
31.96/ 34.11
1
0
0
0
30.9
0
3
1-258
33.7
31.75
0
5
0-98
20.8
27.83
0
4
0-79
10.52
27.94
0
6
0-242
27.7
32.64
0
34
0-765
554.3
31.77
1
Dataset excluding hotspots

Position in the alignment
Length range
Mean length (SD)
Variable characters (%)
Informative characters (%)
Number of coded indels
1-1172 / 2976-3415
604-892
825.464 (58.9)
33.77
28.59
276
1173-2975
693-1547
1490.96 (105.1)
55.96
42.92
74
3416-4360
356-478
442.138 (15.5)
27.30
19.41
134
4361-5010
230-337
296.058 (18.7)
43.23
31.85
175
5011-5390
147-217
175.761 (8.4)
27.63
20.26
59
5391-6862
571-747
664.116 (22.8)
30.99
21.53
246
1-6862
2989-4055
3894.50 (164.7)
39.53
29.42
964
Dataset including hotspots

Position in the alignment
Length range
Mean length (SD)
Note: The asterisk indicates the total length and position in the alignment considering the trnL 3 exon (54 bp) and the petB 5 exon within the matrix. They were
excluded from the analysis and are not considered in the statistics excluding hotspots.
!
!
!
!
Table S5. Plant collections of the Caribbean Acalyphoideae clades: localities and vouchers.
Species
Field origin
Collection locality
Voucher

Acidoton variifolius Urb. & Ekman
Dominican Republic
Dominican Republic
Dominican Republic
Dominica
Venezuela
Pedernales, Oviedo
Puerto Escondido
Puerto Escondido
Road beyond hotel above Canefield airport
Tachira, forested level ground or low hills along small streamlet, just S of La
Mulata, near Venezuelan-Colombian border
T. Clase 2222 et al. (JBSD)

S. Fuentes 1182 et al. (B, JBSD)
Steven R. Hill 28945 (MO, NY)
J. Steyermark 120251 (MO)
Dominica
Layou River Valley, Clarke Hall Estate, ridge immediately NW of Clarke Hall W. R. Ernst 1268 (B, GH)

Granada
Colombia
Saint Vincent
Saint Lucia
Bahamas
Bahamas
Along road between Perdmontemps and Windsor Forest

El Palmar, Barranquilla and vicinity
Kings Hill, Diamond Estate
Marigot Lagoon
Port Howe
Rum Cay: near Mermaid Pool along trail between Port Nelson and Port Boyd
Bahamas
Eleuthera, north edge of Green Castle
Bahamas
Cat island, Orange Creek and vicinity
Bahamas
Cat Island, The Bight and vicinity

Bahamas
Cuba
Cuba
Cuba
Cuba
Cuba
Grenada
Grand Cayman
Haiti
Haiti
Haiti

Jamaica
Jamaica
Jamaica
Acklin's Island
Camagey, between Pastelillo and Tarafa
Oriente, prope Baracoa and Taco Bay
Sancti Spiritu, Sierra del Escambray, Topes de Coyantes, Mogote mi Retiro
Pinar del Ro, Sierra de Anafe
Guantnamo, San Antonio Sur, Abra de la Mariana
St. Georges, Richmond Hill
Without locality
Vicinity of Jean Rabel, arid plateau above Bord de Mer
Vicinity of troite, Gonave Island
Dept. Nord-Ouest: entre 4 y 10 km a "oeste" de Baie de Henne en la carretera
a Bombardopolis
Vicinity of Kingston
Fort Henderson (Salt Pond Hills)
Santa Cruz Mountains
G. R. Proctor 16958 (US)

Bro. Elias 1560 (A)
N. Y. Sandwill 984 (K)
A. Smith 10201 (NY)
A. S. Hitchcock s/n (F)
D. S. Correll & D. C. Wasshausen 46808 (F,
MO, NY)
D. S. Correll & S. R. Hill 45095 (F, MO,
NY)
N. L. Britton & C.F. Millspaugh 5760 (F,
NY, US)
N. L. Britton & C.F. Millspaugh 5879 (F,
NY)
L. J. K. Brace 4485 (F, NY)
E. L. Ekman 15449 (NY)
E. L. Ekman 3695 (NY)
P. Acevedo et al., 5620 (NY, US)
P. Wilson 11343 (NY)
J. Biss et al., 36556 (HAJB)
R. A. Howard 10686 (NY)
A. S. Hitchcock s/n (MO)
E. C. Leonard 12756 (MO)
E. C. Leonard 3349 (NY, US)
T. Zanoni et al., 3510 (NY)
N L. Britton 816 (F, NY)
N. L. Britton 1815 (NY)
Wm. Harris 12192 (MO, NY)
!
!
!
!
Jamaica
Puerto Rico
Puerto Rico
Puerto Rico
Dominican Republic
Dominican Republic

Dominican Republic
Dominican Republic
Bernardia laurentii R. A. Howard

Lasiocroton bahamensis Pax & K.Hoffm.
Lasiocroton bahamensis Pax & K.Hoffm.
Lasiocroton fawcettii Urb.
Lasiocroton harrisii Britton
Lasiocroton harrisii Britton
Lasiocroton microphyllus (A.Rich.) Jestrow
Lasiocroton microphyllus (A.Rich.) Jestrow
Lasiocroton gutierrezii Jestrow
Platygyna dentata Alain
Saint Lucia
Cuba
Haiti
Dominican Republic
Bahamas
Cuba
Jamaica
Jamaica
Jamaica
Cuba
Cuba
Cuba
Cuba
Cuba
Cuba
Cuba
Cuba
Platygyna obovata Borhidi

Platygyna parvifolia Alain
Cuba
Cuba
East Slope of the Hellshire Hill

Guayanilla
Bosque estatal de Guanica
Near Peuelas
Base Massif de La Selle, caada al sur de Gallette, 14.3 km al E de Croix-desBouquets y 6.3 km al S en el camino a Blanchard y Gallette
Sierra Martn Garca, Prov. Azua subiendo un sendero de la sierra al lado
oeste de Barreras
Sierra de Barohuco, aprox. 7 km al S de Duverg, camino a Monte Palma.
Cordillera Central. 5 km al S del Pueblo Padre de las Casas, en una lomita
situada en el lado E de la carretera hacia Las Yayas
Top of Petit Piton
Granma, Sierra Maestra, firme en la zona de la Loma la Sabina
Massif du Nord, top of Morne Perroy
Sierra del Barohuco, Las Abejas
South Andros
Guantnamo, Punta Macambo
Hanover, Dolphin Head
Clarendon, Peckham Woods
St. Ann, Aboukir
Guantnamo, Baitiquir
Holgun, Playa Caletica
Sierra del Grillo
Guantnamo, Baracoa, Yunque de Baracoa
Holgun, Gibara, entre Centro de Higiene y Cuadro de Pelota
Holgun, Moa, Cayoguan
Guantnamo, Baracoa, Sendero Ecoturstico El Recreo, cercanas del ro
Taco.
Guantnamo, Baracoa, Sendero Ecoturstico El Recreo, cercanas del ro
Taco.
Guantnamo, Baracoa, Mina Iberia
Holgun, Loma de la Cruz
G. R. Proctor 7517 (US)

N. L. Britton & J. A. Schafer 1821 (F, NY)
P. Acevedo et al., 4768 (F, MO, US)
A. Liogier et al., 29351 (NY)
R. Garca et al., 4368 (MO)
R. Garca & J. Pimentel 2530 (MO)
R. Graveson & M. Smith 3127 (B)
J. Bisse et al., HFC40589 (B)
E. L. Ekman 8427 (NY, US)
W. Gillis 10451 (FTG)
HAJB 81950 (FTG)
Jestrow 1004 (FTG)
Jestrow 1009 (FTG)
Jestrow 1016 (FTG)
HAJB 81947 (FTG)
HAJB 81839 (FTG)
Bro. Alain 5289 (HAC)
T. Borsch et al. 4781 (B)
Note: Herbaria acronyms follows Thriers B. (continuosly updated) Index Herbariorum: A global directory of public herbaria and associated staff. New York Botanical Gardens Virtual Herbarium.
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6
Tragia_brevispica_EPH197
Tragia_glanduligera_EPH199
5.76
Tragia_jonesii_EPH198
6.38
Tragia_yucatanensis_EPH196
3.89
10.75
Tragia_sp_EPH372
Tragia_mexicana_EPH233
1.42
12.94
Tragia_cubensis_EPH332
5.8
0.84
11.24
Acidoton_nicaraguensis_EPH195
0.77
1.47
Acidoton_variifolius_EPH382
2.6
0.84
3.37
0.45
1.48 Platygyna_leonis_EPH041
2.01
Platygyna_obovata_EPH049
9.37
Platygyna_parvifolia_EPH364
Platygyna_dentata_EPH287
Bia_fallax_EPH189
Tragia_furialis_EPH216
0.71
Tragia_sp_EPH191
6.84
Tragiella_natalensis_EPH193
2.35
18.88
24.69
26.51
23.37
32.77
6.92
16.51
36.43
15.01
Tragiella_anomala_EPH192
1.44 Dalechampia_scandens_EPH378
Dalechampia_trifoliata_EPH207
Dalechampia_spathulata_EPH070
Dalechampia_aristolochiifolia_EPH071
0.38 Plukenetia_penninervia_EPH228
4.7
Plukenetia_volubilis_EPH200
Bernardia_mexicana_EPH082
1
Bernardia_dodecandra_EPH172
2.02
Bernardia_dichotoma_EPH102
1.14 Bernardia_tenuifolia_EPH310
12.74
Bernardia_corensis_EPH307
0.38
Bernardia_laurentii_EPH308
4.39
Bernardia_pulchella_EPH302
Caryodendron_orinocense_EPH111
0.18
0.48Leucocroton_wrightii_EPH038
Leucocroton_virens_EPH037
0.94
Leucocroton_pallidus_EPH047
1.78
Leucocroton_obovatus_EPH045
5.27
Leucocroton_pachyphyllus_EPH046
7.72
Lasiocroton_microphyllus_EPH315
1.17 Lasiocroton_bahamensis_EPH316
9.12
0.14
Garciadelia_castilloae_EPH324
0.32
0.65
Garciadelia_mejiae_EPH323
10.76
1.11
2.77
Adelia_ricinella_EPH033
12
3.9
1.78 Adelia_brandegeei_EPH255
15.21
45.39
34.62
42.34
59.29
1.65 Adelia_cinerea_EPH178
Philyra_brasiliensis_EPH313
27.51
4.52
39.45
63.28
18.92
34.47
58.02
110.0
Million years
100.0
90.0
80.0
70.0
60.0
50.0
40.0
Ditaxis_pringlei_EPH269
2.15
5.46
4.38
Ditaxis_lanceolata_EPH272
Chiropetalum_sp_EPH031
5.38
Chiropetalum_tricoccum_EPH011
Caperonia_palustris_EPH036
5.01
Caperonia_cubana_EPH334
Enriquebeltrania_disjuncta_EPH275
Seidelia_firmula_EPH002
5.18
12.81
41.09
0.55 Ditaxis_guatemalensis_EPH267
30.0
20.0
10.0
0.0
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Cephalocroton_mollis_EPH123
Cephalocroton_cordofanus_EPH122
Adenochlaena_leucocephala_EPH010
34.21
Koilodepas_bantamense_EPH211
22.73
Cephalomappa_malloticarpa_EPH210
Chrozophora_sp_EPH113
0.58Chrozophora_tinctoria_EPH020
3
Melanolepsis_multiglandulosa_EPH174
19.03
Sumbaviopsis_albicans_EPH212
Ricinus_communis_EPH069
Adriana_tomentosa_EPH001
Amperea_xiphoclada_EPH214
Acalypha_rhombifolia_EPH300
2.25 Acalypha_phleoides_EPH247
5.53
0.44Acalypha_alopecuroidea_EPH375
7.69
Acalypha_radians_EPH248
4.37
8.44 4.75
3.83
9.35
1.38 Acalypha_glechomifolia_EPH328
4.81
18.43
Acalypha_hispida_N481
14.61
Acalypha_cuspidata_EPH335
16.08
Acalypha_macrostachya_EPH243
Mareya_brevipes_EPH159
Pycnocoma_chevalieri_EPH167
Chondrostylis_bancana_EPH127
0.95
Erythrococca_berberidea_EPH150
13.54
Erythrococca_africana_EPH149
16.85
Micrococca_mercurialis_EPH169
22.39
Micrococca_capensis_EPH147
23.89
Claoxylon_glandulosum_EPH222
37.64
Discoclaoxylon_hexandrum_EPH140
Merculiaris_annua_EPH231
28.08
Merculiaris_ reverchonii_EPH232
33.29
Merculiaris_perennis_EPH285
Mallotus_japonicus_EPH072
2.78 Mallotus_mollisimus_EPH175
20
Macaranga_fallacina_EPH176
Hancea_acuminata_EPH221
36.77
1.3 Hancea_capuronii_EPH158
2.42
Hancea_integrifolia_EPH223
Blumeodendron_tokbrai_EPH208
Agrostistachys_coriacea_EPH219
Alchornea_floribunda_EPH115
15.17
Alchornea_latifolia_EPH034
35.06
Mareyopsis_longifolia_EPH164
32.47
Alchorneopsis_floribunda_EPH030
1.42
4.25
74.1
44.24
47.81
57.3
66.13
57.11
75.39
62.72
70.15
49.38
70.79
77.13
72.46
55.35
84.28
54.11
60.37
92.57
43.41
20.37
41.6
46.39
50.81
65.52
96.84
55.81
72.79
36.85
89.92
92.89
103.21
94.36
18.02
25.13
54.95
78.13
18.13
Discoglypremna_caloneura_EPH215
Amyrea_sambiranensis_EPH022
Erismanthus_obliquus_EPH145
Hippomane_mancinella_EPH377
Bonania_emarginata_EPH288
Sapium_parvifolium_EPH067
Sapium_laurifolium_EPH066
Gymnanthes_lucida_EPH051
Gymnanthes_albicans_EPH063
10.19
Euphorbia_munizii_EPH056
2.01 Euphorbia_helenae_EPH050
Manihot_esculenta_N526
Omphalea_brasiliensis_EPH217
8.04
Omphalea_trichotoma_EPH040
0.2
0.69Croton_viminalis_EPH060
Croton_rosmarinoides_EPH043
Croton_alainii_EPH048
3.81
Croton_ekmanii_EPH044
Jatropha_gossypiifolia_EPH052
10.75
Jatropha_integerrima_EPH065
Reutealis_trisperma_EPH035
Vernicia_fordii_N529
28.06
8.91
109.95
84.13
7.54
19.15
32.92
17.78
57
64.94
80.12
97.45
110.0
Million years
100.0
90.0
80.0
70.0
60.0
50.0
40.0
30.0
20.0
10.0
Aleurites_moluccanus_EPH053
Pera_ovalifolia_N661
Pera_ekmanii_EPH292
Pogonophora_schombu
rgkiana_EPH025
Phyllanthus_chamaecristoides_EPH294
Phyllanthus_orbicularis_EPH295
Phyllanthus_fluitans_N474
Flueggea_acidoton_EPH319
Flueggea_suffruticosa_N499
Andrachne_colchica_N497
Heterosavia_erythroxyloides_EPH068
2.56 Hieronyma_nipensis_EPH039
Microdesmis_caseariifolia_EPH027
0.0
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Cervantes Et Al-2016-Journal of Biogeography Supply1

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Appendix S1 Supplementary tables and figures.

R. Geensink & P. Hiepko 7839 (B)

T. Borsch 4953 et al. (B)

T. Borsch 5039 et al. (B)

Manihot esculenta Crantz

T. Borsch 4183 et al. (B)

S. Fuentes 359 et al. (HAJB)

T. Borsch 5401 et al. (B, MEXU)

V. Steinmann 971 (MEXU)

A. L. Reina 2006-1398 (IEB)

E. Zardini & T. Tilleria 30777 (B)

N.L. Bola 143 (BR)

S. Fuentes 803 et al. (B)

Papua New Guinea

Micrococca mercurialis L. (Benth.)

W. Takeuchi 17133 (L)

S. Fuentes 1038 et al. (B)

Taberlet et al., 1999

Lhne & Borsch, 2005

Govaerts et al., 2000

Govaerts et al., 2000

Govaerts et al., 2000

Govaerts et al., 2000

Govaerts et al., 2000

Govaerts et al., 2000

Dataset excluding hotspots

Dataset including hotspots

Acidoton microphyllus Urb.

T. Clase 2222 et al. (JBSD)

Bernardia corensis (Jacq.) Mll. Arg.

Bernardia corensis (Jacq.) Mll. Arg.

Along road between Perdmontemps and Windsor Forest

Bernardia dichotoma (Willd.) Mll. Arg.

Eleuthera, north edge of Green Castle

Bernardia dichotoma (Willd.) Mll. Arg.

Cat island, Orange Creek and vicinity

Bernardia dichotoma (Willd.) Mll. Arg.

Cat Island, The Bight and vicinity

Bernardia dichotoma (Willd.) Mll. Arg.

Bernardia dichotoma (Willd.) Mll. Arg.

G. R. Proctor 16958 (US)

Bernardia dichotoma (Willd.) Mll. Arg.

Bernardia dichotoma (Willd.) Mll. Arg.

Bernardia laurentii R. A. Howard

Platygyna leonis Alain

Platygyna obovata Borhidi

East Slope of the Hellshire Hill

G. R. Proctor 7517 (US)

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