LVII
Ukrainian Week v
No. 9 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, FEBRUARY 26, 1989 50 cents
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popular front and the obstructive er the envisaged popular movement (ISSN - 0273-9348)
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as radical as the program adopted by a warning made by Mr. Kravchuk at the Also published by the UNA: Svoboda, a Ukrainian-language daily newspaper.
the E s t o n i a n and L a t v i a n popular writers' plenum on January 31, namely
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changes to: Editor: Roma Hadzewycz
Robitnycha Hazeta, echoing the line
espoused by Mr. Kravchuk, charges popular movement in support of re The Ukrainian Weekly Associate Editors: Marta Kolomayets
that the proposed program is "a mani structuring was voiced at the inaugural P.O. Box 346 Chrystyna Lapychak
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festo of political demands," and an conference o f the Taras Shevchenko
attempt to set up "an alternative politi Ukjajriian Language Society, which T h e Ukrainian Weekly, February 2$, ,1,9,89, No. 9.,VqI. LVU
cal structure to the CPSU"(Communist waYfield in Kiev on February 11 a n d i 2 . Copyright 1989 by T h e Ukrainian Weekly
Party of the Soviet Union). (Continued on page 13)
Freedom House survey says USSR Sakharov says Soviets, Russian Church
shows improvement in freedoms are stalling on legalization of UCC
N E W Y O R K — Freedom House, in liberties, earing a freedom rating of 11.
its annual Comparative Survey of In comparison, the United States,
Freedom, has concluded that "the which earned ratings of 1 in both
Soviet Union is a much freer country dimensions, had a freedom rating of 2.
today than at any time since the 1920s. Poland had scores of 5 on each
The results of the survey were re dimension, and a freedom rating of 10,
leased in the January-February issue while Rumania had the worst possible
of Freedom at Issue, the magazine score, a freedom rating of 14.
published by Freedom House, an or Czechoslovakia had a 7 in political
ganization dedicated to promoting rights and a 6 in civil liberties, and
democratic institutions throughout the Hungary scored 5 on political rights
world. and 4 on civil liberties.
R a y m o n d G a s t i l , director of the The Comparative Survey of Freedom
Comparative Survey of Freedom, found that 38.86 percent of the world's
noted, "World progress toward free population lives in free states and
dom and democracy in 1987 was territories (those with freedom ratings
strengthened and reinforced in 1988." between 2 and 5 ) ; 20.05 percent in
As regards the U S S R , he noted: "In partly free states and territories (free
1988 liberalization in the Soviet Union dom ratings 6-10); and 41.09 percent in
continued and accelerated. With all the not free states and territories (freedom Yelena Bonner and Dr. Andrei Sakharov at a press conference in Ottawa.
caveats that must be made, including ratings 11-14).
regional variations in the rate of change, Mr. Gastil includes the U S S R in the by Andrij Hluchowecky ian national front, similar to those in the
the Soviet Union is a much freer coun section of his article subtitled "Signi Ukrainian Information Bureau Baltic republics.
try today than at any time since the ficant Advances in Freedom." Follow Speaking through a translator, Dr.
1920s." ing is his assessment of Soviet develop O T T A W A — Soviet human rights S a k h a r o v indicated that he favors
The survey measures freedom in two ments. activist Andrei Sakharov lashed out at tougher environmental protection laws,
dimensions: political rights, defined as Soviet authorities and the R u s s i a n including the banning of all above-
rights to participate meaningfully in the * • * Orthodox hierarchy for continuing to ground nuclear power plants as a way of
political process; and civil liberties, stall on the legalization of the Ukrain preventing the kind of castastrophe that
rights to free expression, to organize On a worldwide scale, the liberaliza ian Catholic Church in Ukraine. struckChornobyl in April 1986.
and demonstrate, to practice religion, tion in the U S S R is perhaps the most During a two-hour news conference He also went on record as supporting
travel, obtain an education and other significant gain for freedom. In political on Sunday, February 12, Dr. Sakharov a special commission to control the
personal liberties. rights this has meant a partial opening called on the Soviet government and the Soviet secret police ( K G B ) , the Ministry
The survey rates each of the dimen up of the decision-making process Russian Orthodox Church to demon of the Interior and the Ministry of
sions on a scale of 1 to 7, with 7 denoting within the Communist Party, and more strate a more flexible attitude toward Defense, special pensions for those who
the least free and 1 the most free. The effective and lively legislative bodies at the Ukrainian Catholic Church's desire suffered under Soviet dictator Joseph
figures for political rights and civil all levels of the formal government. Yet for legalization. S t a l i n , and a complete overhaul of
liberties are then added to yield a most of the decision-making process at "I find it hard to believe that such a Soviet history.
"freedom rating" ranging between 2 and the highest levels remains shrouded in big group, community and Church is On the matter of the Soviet invasion
14. mystery. still practically in an illegal position," of Afghanistan, Dr. Sakharov told the
Thus, the U S S R received a score of 6 The demands of the peoples of the said D r . S a k h a r o v responding to a assembled journalists that much of the
for political rights and 5 for civil (Continued on page 14) question from the Ukrainian Informa Soviet population is in the dark con
tion Bureau based in Ottawa. cerning the Soviet involvement in
"I hope that the Soviet authorities Afghanistan over the past decade.
Ukrainian American Coordinating Council will change their position on this issue,"
Dr. Sakharov continued, "and I also
"When we are speaking of Afghani
stan, we have no feelings of pride, we
hope for a change in the position of the
slates convention, National Council session hierarchy of the Russian Orthodox
C h u r c h . I consider it a very, very
feel very ashamed of that aggression,"
he stated.
"It was Brezhnev's adventure, but we
NEW Y O R K — The Ukrainian A - American central organization. important issue." actually still do not know who made
merican C o o r d i n a t i n g C o u n c i l has Eugene Stakhiv, Roman Danyluk The 67-year-old physicist arrived in that decision and who started it all,"
slated its next convention for October and Volodymyr Procyk noted that the Ottawa last Saturday night, February continued Dr. Sakharov, "at the mo
20-22 in Philadelphia, and the next situation had not changed, and that the 11, with his wife, Yelena Bonner, 65, for ment, the Soviet people not only do not
meeting of its National Council for U C C A continued to insist at Ignatius a five-day visit to Canada, highlighted know who initiated that adventure, but
Saturday, March 4, in New York City. Billinsky, who is to serve as honorary by meetings with Prime Minister Brian they do not know what actually happen
These were among the decisions president, be given a vote, that nine Mulroney and External Affairs Minis ed in Afghanistan and the atrocities the
made at a meeting of the UACCouncirs U C C A branches be represented on the ter Joe Clark. Soviet Army participated in."
executive committee which met here on National Council, and that the position D u r i n g the news conference, D r . D u r i n g the press conference, D r .
January 11. of executive vice-president be divided Sakharov reiterated his support for Bonner created a slight controversy by
The National Council session will among two persons, each serving two Mikhail Gorbachev's policies of glas stating that 90 percent of Soviets who
begin at 10 a.m. The meeting will bring years. The UACCouncil has rejected nost and perestroika, but stressed that leave the Soviet Union are not political
together delegates of national organiza these demands of the U C C A . there were some very serious shortcom refugees, but people looking for a
tions and Churches, as well as represen John O. Flis, president of the U A C ings in the Soviet leader's domestic higher standard of living in the West.
tatives of UACCouncil branches Council, reported that the organization policies. "I don't see why Soviet Jews who
throughout the country. had received a letter from Bishop Basil Though "the great majority" of leave for the United States because
As regards the central organization's Losten, who is overseeing negotiations Soviet political prisoners of conscience that country offers an easier life, more
convention, it was decided that it would between the three segments of the imprisoned before 1987 have been freedom and a better future have a
be held at the Adams Mark Hotel in organized Ukrainian American com released by Mr. Gorbachev, Dr. Sakha greater right to refugee status than any
Philadelphia. Dr. Bohdan Shebunchak munity, urging that the negotiations rov said he felt disheartened by the other ethnic group leaving any other
was directed to establish an organizing toward unity be stepped up in the name recent a r r e s t s of U k r a i n i a n and totalitarian state," she said.
and program committee to prepare the of patriotism. Armenian activists. He referred to these
convention. Dr. Sakharov said he agreed with his
jailings as an "unfortunate step back
Mr. Flis pointed out that such letters wife's remarks.
In other matters, the executive com w a r d . " Others, he said, remain in
had been sent only to the UACCouncil, The comments drew the ire of several
mittee discussed the recent Fifth World psychiatric prisons.
Congress of Free Ukrainians — both and not to the U C C A . It was decided Jewish community leaders in Canada.
Dr. Sakharov also stated that Mr.
its positive and negative points. that the UACCouncil would send a Gorbachev is still moving too slowly to Dr. Sakharov, who spent more than
Among the highlights of the con letter to the hierarch urging that the satisfy the nationalist aspirations of the six years in internal exile in the closed
clave, the officers agreed, was the same type of letter should be addressed Soviet Union's ethnic minorities. city of Gorky before being freed by
presence and active participation of to the U C C A , w h i l e noting that the U k r a i n i a n s recently presented M r . General Secretary Gorbachev, was
Ukrainian rights activists, as well as U A C C o u n c i l has already agreed to Gorbachev with a tirade of complaints recently nominated as a candidate for a
messages addressed to the congress several compromises regarding its about living standards, nuclear power seat in the March 26 elections to the
from rights activists in Ukraine. Thus, it position on a unified central organiza and the lack of real reforms in Ukraine Congress of People's Deputies. He
was noted, represented at the congress tion. during his visit to the Ukrainian capital discounted press reports that he had
were not only the Ukrainian diaspora, Also on the meeting's agenda were city of Kiev on February 20. decided not to run for election.
but Ukraine itself. reports by the treasurer, Mr. Danyluk, The several thousands who rallied A winner of the Nobel Peace Prize in
The UACCouncil's representatives at who noted that contributions to the prior to his visit, demanded the ouster 1975, Dr. Sakharov has been a long
negotiations with the Ukrainian Con Ukrainian Community r u n a and to the of Ukrainian Communist Party chief time defender of human rights in the
gress Committee of America and the W C F U had increased markedly during V o l o d y m y r Shcherbytsky, the last Soviet Union. Dr. Bonner, a physician,
Conference of Neutral Organizations the previous two months, and by the major holdover from the era of the late has been active in the movement for
reported on the continuing talks toward corresponding secretary, Roman Bara- Leonid Brezhnev. Demonstrators also over 20 years. They have been married
re-establishment of a single Ukrainian nowsky. called for the establishment of a Ukrain since 1971. ;
York University symposium on "Glasnost in Soviet Ukraine"
of glasnost in r e a l m of politics o v e r v i e w of u n f o l d i n g p r o c e s s e s
by Roma Hadzewycz He also stated that while much is
by Dr. Bohdan Krawchenko L u d m i l l a Alexeyeva thinks that over 3
being said about the crimes of Joseph
million people are members of groups
N O R T H Y O R K , Ontario — Glas Stalin, it is not appropriate to place all
CONCLUSION with a distinctly political profile. I n
nost i n the sphere o f p o l i t i c s was the blame for these crimes only on him.
formal groups publish their own sa-
discussed during three panel presenta "Stalinists continue to serve in their
The greatest achievements of glasnost mizdat bulletins, organize conferences,
tions over the course o f three days p o s t s , " he s a i d , a d d i n g " H o w can
a n d p e r e s t r o i k a have been i n t h a t hold discussions and concerts, and they
at Y o r k University's symposium "Glas restructuring include those who were
seemingly most ethereal of realms — have held large demonstrations and
nost i n Soviet Ukraine." responsible for constructing (a system)
consciousness. The leading role here is have articulated alternative political
Panelists i n c l u d e d f o r m e r S o v i e t of injustice?"
played by newspapers, journals and the programs.
political prisoners, scholars from Ca The Ukrainian O r t h o d o x cleric cited These groups are the harbingers of
mass m e d i a . I n d i c a t i v e o f renewed
nada and England, and the first secre the e x a m p l e o f the mass graves o f genuine political pluralism. Whereas in
interest in public affairs is the fact that
tary of the Soviet Embassy i n Ottawa. persons killed during the Stalin regime the past between the state and society
newspaper c i r c u l a t i o n increased by
As could be expected, the speakers' in Kurapaty Forest, near M i n s k , Bye some 5 million. (As one Moscow wit there were no intermediary groups to
assessments of the progress of glas lorussia. Some 50 common graves have n o t e d , " T o read, is after a l l , m o r e aggregate and a r t i c u l a t e d e m a n d s ,
nost and perestroika in Ukraine differed been found, he said. "These people were j o y f u l than to live.") For the Gorbachev t o d a y an i n f r a s t r u c t u r e o f sorts is
widely, and thus the symposium did shot by persons w h o t o d a y receive leadership, a freer press was essential i f beginning to develop. I f the atomization
indeed accomplish what Prof. Orest government pensions," he commented. the reform process was not to stagnate, of society was the key mechanism in
Subtelny, coordinator of the politics " T h e y s h o u l d publicly a d m i t t h e i r and i t was also a p r e c o n d i t i o n f o r maintaining social control i n the past,
panels, had said in his opening remarks crimes and ask for forgiveness." winning the intelligentsia to the Gor the development of informal groups
was its goal: to present various view I n the realm of religion, the Rev. bachev c a m p . I f a p r e c o n d i t i o n o f represents the first real break in this
points. Romaniuk said certain religious de change is an awareness that the old method of maintaining domination.
n o m i n a t i o n s still are f o r b i d d e n : the system is not viable, than glasnost has The party is particularly jittery about
The dissidents' views Ukrainian Autocephalous Orthodox accomplished this task. But it has had the rise of these groups, and police
Church, the U k r a i n i a n Catholic Church some unintended consequences as well. h a r a s s m e n t o f the i n f o r m a l s is an
The first group of panelists to dis and the Initiative Baptists ("Initsiaty-
The first is that it has allowed reform almost daily occurrence. The fear of the
cuss the topic included Ukainian na vnyky"). He also cited the shortage of
alternatives to be posed which were not informals was clearly expressed by I . I .
tional and human rights activists who religious publications, such as prayer-
necessarily favored by the party leader Antonovich, the Central Committee
now reside in N o r t h America: the Rev. books and catechisms, and commented
ship. As one delegate to the June 1988 representative i n a round table discus
Vasyl Romaniuk, Petro Ruban and that some of the 100,000 Ukrainian-
conference complained, "the freewheel sion on political and social pluralism
Danylo Shumuk. Roman Yereniuk of language Bibles recently shipped to U -
ing referendum" on the future of the published i n a recent issue of Sotsio-
St. A n d r e w ' s College, U n i v e r s i t y o f kraine are now being sold for 50 kar-
Manitoba, served as chairperson of the bovantsi each, even though they were to
session held o n S u n d a y a f t e r n o o n , be a gift to the faithful i n Ukraine. ...for the first time since the 1920s the Ukrainian
January 29. M r . Ruban spoke about his idea of intelligentsia has a relatively unfettered access to
After acknowledging that there is p r o m o t i n g cooperatives in Ukraine and
more freedom, regarding what people r e p o r t e d t h a t f o r t h i s purpQJSe ,four the population. When Ukrainian writers speak to a
can talk and write about, and fewer months ago he had begun organizing an
restrictions on leaving the USSR, the American-Canadian association of
mass audience of workers in Zaporizhzhia and
Rev. Romaniuk pointed out that the supporters. discuss with them problems of Ukrainian culture,
Soviet U n i o n still recognizes only one He said he saw the o p p o r t u n i t y
party. " F o r balance, for fruitful discus provided by new Soviet laws that allow something profound and very significant is hap
sions, another political party is needed," cooperatives as a chance to help the
he said. (Continued on page 11)
pening: a new national awareness is being formed.
country is producing a "cornucopia of logicheskie Issledovaniya. He said, " I
heresies" (such as the idea o f a m u l t i do not see informal groups as carriers of
p a r t y system, the a b o l i t i o n o f the pluralism. The informals represent an
n o m e n k l a t u r a , genuine self-manage alternative political power. Today they
ment, the sovereignty of the republics, or say that their movement represents the
the Ukrainianization of public life in peaceful w o r k i n g out of alternatives —
Ukraine.) The debate has politicized the but i n reality, this is a battle for power.
population and encouraged individuals A n d I know of only one dynamic of
and groups to become involved in the p o w e r : no i n s t i t u t i o n s u r r e n d e r s i t
political process. voluntarily."
Secondly, the honest accounts of the But as events in the Baltics have
colossal injustices and crimes o f Soviet shown, civil society may exert such
history — the famine, the purges — and pressure that the party will have to
of the unforgivable inefficiency w i t h accommodate a new political force. I
which Soviet affairs have been con am, of course, referring to the rise of the
ducted have had the effect of under people's fronts. I n Estonia, for instance,
mining the legitimacy of the system. the people's front claims the allegiance
Moderator Andrew Yereniuk (left) with former Soviet political prisoners (from Unable to base its legitimacy upon its o f 90 percent o f E s t o n i a n s a n d 10
left) Petro Ruban, Danylo Shumuk and the Rev. Vasyl Romaniuk. continuity w i t h the past, the party has percent of Russians in the republic.
had to assert its right to rule on the basis F r o n t s are n o w b e i n g o r g a n i z e d i n
of its ability to become the engine of
(Continued on page 9)
reform. This is an important shift in
Soviet politics.
The rise of civil society is yet another
major, but unintended, consequence of
glasnost and perestroika. This refers
above all to the establishment of i n
dependent political, social and cultural
associations commonly called " i n
f o r m a l g r o u p s " or " t h e i n f o r m a l s . "
Today, there are probably 40^000 such
g r o u p s i n the U S S R , and some 70
m i l l i o n people are involved i n them.
Ukraine is different from the process learning, and for this to occur there
Glasnost... whether they thought change was es
sential, 81 percent answered yes. unfolding in Moscow or the Baltic must be agencies communicating the
(Continued from page 4) The economic indicators released this republics. As Ivan Drach noted, if they national message — the press, radio,
Byelorussia and in U k r a i n e . S i g n i month show that the news is not good. clip your nails in Moscow, they cut your television.
ficantly, in recent months, there have Agricultural production, for example, fingers off in Ukraine. The legacy of For the first time since the 1920s the
been calls for the democratization of the grew by a minuscule 0.8 percent in 1988. decades of servility weighs heavily on national message is being communi
party. Certainly, the party is not about Enterprise reform is getting nowhere as Ukrainian society. cated to the population. The secret of
to surrender power, but it may have to the potential benefits of khozraschet the process which is unfolding is the fact
But nonetheless, much has been
learn to share it. (self-accounting) have been nullified by that for the first time since the 1920s the
achieved in Ukraine in the last two
Surveying developments in the Soviet goszakaz (compulsory state procure Ukrainian intelligentsia has a relatively
years, especially and in the first in
Union, we can see a new "scissors crisis" ment). The effects of Chornobyl and the unfettered access to the population.
stance, in the realm of consciousness.
looming ahead. Glasnost has increased Armenian earthquake have added to a When Ukrainian writers speak to a
What we have today is the first large-
the population's expectations and its deficit which is now around 100 billion mass audience of workers in Zapo-
scale discussion of national life since the
effectiveness in expressing discontent. rubles. In short, as Gorbachev told the rizhzhia and discuss with them prob
1920s and a stark account of how that
But, on the other hand, there has been Moscow party committee, "the new lems of Ukrainian culture, something
culture has been ravaged. Imagine,
no improvement in economic condi processes are moving very slowly." profound and very significant is hap
Ukraine with 50 million people pro
tions, and there is much to complain L e o n i d A b a l k i n , director of the pening: a new national awareness is
duces three records a year in Ukrainian;
about. If there is no improvement in the Academy of Sciences Institute of Eco being formed.'
one cannot write a doctoral dissertation
economic situation within the next few nomics, told delegates at the 19th Party in Ukrainian in Ukraine. This also places the apparatus in a
years, there may occur a rise in mass Conference that "A basic understan difficult position because it no longer
discontent, and the leadership will feel ding of political economy is a requi The discussion has led to concrete has the monopoly on the message and it
pressured to use the apparatus of rement for the leadership of a state. And demands, and we are seeing impro can be and has been outflanked by
coercion to effect a c r a c k d o w n on one can confidently say that any go vements slowly. Over 130 new Ukrai independent initiatives. Certainly, there
society: a c r a c k d o w n which would vernment which fails to understand the nian-language schools have been open would have been no Central Committee
resolve nothing, and lead to the further laws of the science... will go broke." ed; a pedagogical school in the Dni- resolution on the national question had
disintegration of society. Gorbachev, as E d A. Hewett observed propetrovske area has been transferred it not been for this independent pres
so aptly, is like a man trying to cross a to the Ukrainian language; Ukrainian is sure. The time is quickly approaching
What perestroika lacks is a clear, and
chasm, reaching for the far side, but now a compulsory subject for university when Shcherbytsky, too, will have to
of necessity, radical project that could
holding on to this side for fear that when entrance in Kiev and Chernivtsi, and jump, though where he will land is
arouse the enthusiasm of the masses. A
he jumps, he may fall. Prevarication is more and more subjects are being another story.
new social bloc has to be formed
understandable for politicians, but laught in Ukrainian there; Ukrainian F o r the U k r a i n i a n community in
involving the real collaboration of the
terribly destructive of economic reform. will probably be declared a state lan Canada, and the academic milieu in
intermediate and lower strata, for only
The result is a society where support for guage. Many works hitherto banned are particular, events in the Soviet Union
such a new alliance is capable of oppos
a new system is widespread, with a de appearing. There has occurred a signi and in Ukraine bolster our identity and
ing the bureaucracy. The present social
facto continuation of the past. This ficant rejuvenation of cultural and are a source of inspiration for further
basis of the reformist project is much
leads to confusion and a rise in mass intellectual life. work. But we do not yet have the ability,
too confined to sectors of the leader
ship and the intelligentsia. New social discontent. Sooner or later the system At a deeper level what is happening is the structures, the policies, to deal
groups have to be invited to participate will have to jump, because the price of what Borys Tymoshenko calls, "the intelligently, effectively and realistical
in the reform movement, and this standing still will be too high. healing of the national body politic, the ly with the great opportunities pre
entails listening to their needs and I did not want to say much about national soul; the historical roots of our sented to us m Ukraine.
aspirations. U k r a i n e in my address for fear of nation." A healing process after 50 years Glasnost and perestroika will un
Certainly, as many polls have made repeating the discussion which will take of savage attack. There is a real mo doubtedly be a long process as society in
clear, very few in the U S S R believe that place in the next few days. But the bilization of public opinion which has Ukraine learns to speak to itself. We,
there has been much success in restruc temptation is too great and so I will end affected the development of national too, have to learn how to address that
turing the economy. A June 1988 public with a few thoughts. consciousness. That consciousness is society. Y o u r conference is an im
opinion poll of 11,000 workers showed It is common knowledge that because gaining strength every day. National portant step in this direction. Before we
that only 2 percent answered yes to the there has been no significant political consciousness, it must be remembered, can act appropriately, we must first
question "Has there been any success in change in Ukraine (after all, Shcher is not a natural condition of humanity, become aware of the processes in the
restructuring the economy." A s k e d bytsky is still in power), glasnost in but is the result of a process of social U S S R . With this, I wish you all the best.
those who were reacting with suspicion the writers' plenum carried by the they wanted the proposed new organi
Party, writers... to the attempt to form a people's Ukrainian literary weekly Literaturna zation to act within existing political
(Continued from page 1) movement in support of restructuring. U k r a i n a , the U k r a i n i a n republican structures and that there could be no
He pointed out that even General press remained silent about the stand doubt as to the leading role of the party.
Writers' Union of Ukraine, had im
Secretary M i k h a i l G o r b a c h e v had taken by the Ukrainian writers. As for All the same, Radio Kiev also quoted
plicitly called on Mr. Shcherbytsky and
acknowledged that "the administrative the central press, the only reference to M r . K r a v c h u k as stating that "the
his team to go, only dissident groups
— bureaucratic system" had slipped out the new attempts in Ukraine to found a program contains a number of pro
such as the Ukrainian Helsinki Union
from under popular control, and this, popular front appeared in an article by visions which do not agree with the
were prepared to attack the Ukrainian
Mr. Donchyk argued, made the estab the Ukrainian literary critic and former fundamental law of the republic and the
Party leadership explicitly for obstruc
lishment of people's movements "es dissident I v a n D z y u b a , which was country."
ting restructuring in the republic and to
sential." published on January 15 in the liberal
denounce Mr. Shcherbytsky by name.
He added pointedly. "We hear ob weekly, Moskovskie Novosti. The potential
Toward the end of 1988, new calls for jections that extemists and other ele This leading representative of the
the creation of a Ukrainian Baltic-type ments might latch on to this movement. nationally minded Ukrainian intelli As Messrs. Drach, Dzyuba, Koro
popular front were issued, only this time But haven't extremists, demagogues gentsia empasized that the idea of tych and many other Ukrainian patriots
not by dissidents or members of unoffi and chauvinists not accommodated creating a popular front in support of are pointing out, in order to shift the
cial groups, but by leading Ukrainian themselves at different stages within the restructuring "has been advocated in dead weight of the Shcherbytsky ap
writers. O n November 1, the poets party and even within its leadership?" Ukraine, but so far it has not been paratus, some sort of strong mass-based
V i k t o r Teren and P a v l o M o v c h a n Mr. Movchan, warned that unless an possible to realize it." Such a move movement is crucial. During the last
advocated the idea at a meeting of the attempt was made in the republic to ment, he explained would be "a logical year, a number of organizations have
party organization of the Kiev branch organize a movement that would press formed in Ukraine that could eventually
development" in view of the current
of the Writers Union. for reform, the words perebudova revival of Ukrainian cultural and public serve as important components in a new
Mr. Teren proposed that an initiative (restructuring) and hlasnist (openness) life and the search for solutions to umbrella organization.
group from among the writers prepare a would remain simply the "the latest "general political and socio-economic Two Ukrainian dissident groups have
draft program for "a popular movement rhetoric." problems," as well as national-cultural created networks in the republic.
for restructuring," which, once it had and inter-national ones. The larger of them, the Ukrainian
The atmosphere at the plenum ap
been discussed, finalized and endorsed Helsinki Union, was launched in
pears to have been highly charged, and Interestingly, support for the creation
at a j o i n t plenum of the republic's
from the details provided by Litera- of a Ukrainian front has also been March 1988 and is led by such well-
cultural unions, would be published in
turna Ukraina quite a few of the spea indirectly expressed by the Ukrainian known Ukrainian activists and former
the press.
kers made frank statements criticizing poet Vitaliy Korotych, who is currently political prisoners as as Vyacheslav
Mr. Movchan pointed out that it was tha lack of change in the republic. enjoying fame as the bold editor of Chornovil, Mykhailo Horyn and Lev-
not important what name was given to Ogonyok. In late January, while on an ko Lukianenko. Its platform resembles
For instance, the writer Yuriy
such a movement, as long as some such assignment in the United States, he told those of the Baltic popular fronts.
Shcherbak spoke quite candidly about
"instrument" for tackling crucial prob The other dissident group is the
the obstructive and reactionary attitude American Ukrainians that what had
lems in the republic was created. The Ukrainian Democratic Union, which
of the U k r a i n i a n authorities: "even happened in the Baltic republics should
meeting agreed that an initiative group
now, in the fourth year of restructu serve as a model for Ukrainians. His split off from the Moscow-based op
should be formed from among the
ring, we feel the deaf unwillingness of countrymen, he opined, needed to show position movement, the Democratic
literary community to get things mo
officials to face up to the new realities of more determination and find more Union. On January 21, the authorities
ving.
life. We feel their suspicious and hostile effective ways of exerting public pres detained dozens of supporters of the
Further impetus was provided by glances; we know that the civic and sure on the authorities in Kiev. U k r a i n i a n D e m o c r a t i c U n i o n when
what occurred at the first mass meeting publicistic activity of the writers ir they tried to hold their inaugural
in Kiev since the inauguration of gias ritates certain people and forces them to Confrontation with party conference in Kiev.
nost. On November 13, the Kiev city recall nostalgically the old times." In two other important "informal"
authorities permitted a meeting on
The writers' plenum adopted a re On January 31, the initiative organizations, Ukrainian writers hold
ecological issues that had been or
solution that entrusted the initiative group presented a draft program of a leading positions. In January, the year-
ganized toy several iatormal groups:
group of the Writers' Union "to draw "People's Movement for Restructuring old informal ecological organization
Some 10,000 people turned up and up a draft of a program of a Ukrai in Ukraine" to a plenum of the Kiev Zeleny Svit (Green World), held its first
the gathering turned into a political nian Movement in Support of Rest branch of the Writers' Union of U - republican conference in Kiev and
demonstration. The tone was set by the ructuring" and instructed it to involve kraine. According to information is elected Dr. Shcherbak as its head.
poet Dmytro Pavlychko, who stressed writers from all over the republic. In sued by the unofficial Ukrainian Hel Last year, the Taras Shevchenko
how urgent it had become to form a other words, the plenum not only sinki Union, the Ukrainian party autho Native Language Society was founded
Ukrainian popular front in support of recognized the need for such a move rities had pressured the authors of the to serve as a vehicle for campaigning for
restructuring. Significantly, other spea ment but also endorsed the idea that draft into inserting a clause recognizing the improvement of the status of the
kers included representatives from Ukrainian writers should take the lead the leading role of the party and softe Ukrainian language. Branches of this
Latvia, Lithuania and Armenia. in organizing it. ning the program's general tone. organization have sprung up all over the
Nevertheless, there were still aspects republic. O n February 11-12 the society
Authorities intervene 9
Support for writers initiative of the document that the head of the held its inaugural conference in Kiev
ideology department of the Central and elected Mr. Pavlychko to lead it.
After the mass meeting, members of The initiative group soon received Committee of the Communist Party of Despite the opposition of the Ukrainian
the Writers' Union of Ukraine formed support from outside the W r i t e r s ' U k r a i n e , L e o n i d K r a v c h u k , found ideological secretary, Yuriy Yelchenko,
an initiative group consisting of over 20 Union. A meeting of the members of the unacceptable. He is reported to have the meeting came out in support of the
writers and headed by Mr. Drach. He Institute of Literature of the Academy have declared at the plenum that the creation of a Ukrainian popular move
and several of his colleagues were of Sciences of the Ukrainian S S R came draft amounted to a "political program" ment in support of restructuring, and
promptly called in for talks with of out in favor of the creation of a popular that was at odds with the party line and this was noted in a resolution.
ficials of the Central Committee of the front. When on December 4, 1988, a warned that no party member could One other organization also should
Communist Party of Ukraine. meeting was held in Kiev of organiza support it. be mentioned. This is the Ukrainian
A certain amount of confusion fol tions and associations that back the idea His general message was that there branch of the Moscow-based Memorial
lowed for, on November 25, the city's of a popular front, numerous informal was no need for a popular movement of Society, which was founded at the end
Komsomol newspaper Moloda Hvar- groups sent representatives. the sort proposed by the writers because of 1988. Its aim is to commemorate the
dia announced that the new group had Two weeks later, a meeting of the All- the Communist Party of Ukraine was victims of Stalinism and to expose more
been formed on the initiative of the Ukrainian Coordinating Council of the already promoting restructuring. fully the crimes of the Stalin era. The
party organization within the Writers' Ukainian Helsinki Union — the main The writers, however, stood their Ukrainian Memorial Society plans to
Union of Ukraine, whereas Mr. Drach "dissident" organization in the republic ground. Speaking on behalf of his hold its inaugural meeting in Kiev on
— who is a party member — and his — met in Kiev and passed a resolution colleagues, Mr. Drach replied that the March 4.
colleagues insisted that the lead has in support of efforts to create a popular rigid position taken by the Ukrainian
been provided by the public. front. It noted that in the last six party authorities could result in the Conclusion
months, apart from Lviv, "attempts to resignation of all the Communist Party
Writers' plenum endorses idea form similar organizations have been members belonging to the Kiev branch A critical phase appears to have been
made in Odessa, Kharkiv, Vinnytsia, of the Ukrainian Writers' Union. He reached in the long-standing trial of
At the end of November, the question Ivano-Frankivske and other cities in also issuedan ultimatum that if, after the strength beteween Mr. Shcherbytsky's
of forming a popular front was taken up Ukraine" and that the initiators of these final changes were added to the draft conservative regime and the nationally
at a plenum of the board of the Writers' groups were being "persecuted and program, the document was not pub resurgent Ukrainian cultural intelli
Union of Ukraine. It was evident that slandered in the press..." lished in the Ukrainian press, the writers gentsia. The unyielding position of the
behind the scenes the authorities had In Lviv, the activists who had tried to w o u l d take it u p o n themselves to authorities in Kiev has already driven
intervened to reduce the significance of form a popular front in the summer of disseminate it. elements within the Ukrainian cultural
what Mr. Drach and his colleagues had 1988 did not give up. In November they According to unofficial sources in establishment to seek more radical ways
taken on. In his speech Mr. Drach started publishing a bulletin and issued K i e v , coverage of the plenum was of promoting change and, in this sense,
himself stated that an "initiative writers' a program. At the end of January some carefully edited, and on February 5 to renew efforts that were started by
group in support of restructuring" had of them were harassed by the autho excerpts from Mr. Kravchuk's state dissidents and informal groups.
been formed, but made no reference to a rities for campaigning for the election of ments at the meeting were aired on Matters. appear to be coming to a
"popular front." He did stress, though, the Lviv writer Rostyslav Bratun to the Ukrainian radio and television. Cer head and it is still by no means certain
that this body included both party and U S S R Congress of People's Deputies. tainly, the impression that was con which side will prove stronger: the
nori-party members. veyed in a Radio Kiev broadcast in multifarious Ukrainian forces for na
Another speaker, Vitaliy Donchuk, Dzyuba, Korotych express support English to North America on February tional renewal or F i r s t Secretary
indicated where the root of the problem 6 was that the writers who had partici Shcherbytsky's entrenched bureau
lay. He complained that there were Apart from the information about pated at the plenum had stressed that cracy. - ' - - f / - - '•;
? t
"Ukrainian historians have yet to was limited to those who would be have such lively discussions taken
P a n e l i s t s offer,.. *npro?rh nre-1Q17 historv anH tVin«e »registered and supported the govern place" and "the responsibilities of
(Continued from page 4) who have tried have had their wrists ment policy toward disarmament." In historians have grown under perestroi
Ukrainian nation. "We should support slapped," said the speaker. addition, the new law dealt only with ka," he observed.
our nation — not the Soviet system — As regards future prospects, Prof. the religious, not the social, mission of Much attention is being paid to the
and other nations fighting for their Velychenko said he expects no change the Church. period of the growth of socialism in the
independence. It is our duty to speak based on the five-year plans covering In Ukraine, the status of the Ukrai U S S R , the first secretary noted, and
out and help." the period up to the year 2000. "The new nian C a t h o l i c C h u r c h , which faces historians today are searching for
He continued; "We should travel to academic plan promises more Russo- persecution and harassment even answers to "many questions that are still
Ukraine and meet with our people — centralism and continuing focus on the today, "is the litmus test" for glas blank," including the famine of 1932-
and assist their cooperatives. And we fratenity of nations." In fact, he said, nost and perestroika. The Ukrainian 1933 which, he said, struck not only
have to do this today, because the it propagates the notion of "one Soviet Catholic Chuch, Mr. Bojcun pointed U k r a i n e , but parts of the R u s s i a n
opportunity to do so may not be there history — even with the possible demise out, has been campaigning for legaliza federation, as well.
tomorrow." of subfields, and more centralized tion since 1985 through petitions to the As regards religion, Mr. Bogayevsky
Mr. Ruban explained that what his administrative control over what is Soviet leadership, public services discounted the idea that the ongoing
organization will seek to do is to help researched." and the like. changes in the relationship between the
Ukrainians in Ukraine "financially and The Church, he reported, has its own Church and the state are meant only to
with technology," and to build an Nuclear power and ecology hierarchy, 1,000 priests, a lay commit win support for perestroika. "It is a
"alternative economy." tee, monks and nuns, monasteries, and recognition of unfair treatment of
The third speaker on the panel, Mr. Dr. David Marples of the Canadian between 3 million and 5 million faithful. believers," he said.
Shumuk prefaced his remarks by com- Institute of Ukrainian Studies, Univer The legalization of the Ukrainian He pointed out that a new law on
mentingthat he had not been in Ukraine sity of Alberta, focused his remarks on Catholic Church could lead to demands freedom of conscience is now being pre
for 17 years and that "What the Rev. nuclear power and ecological issues in for recognition of the Ukrainian Auto- pared in the U S S R , and he stated that
Romaniuk spoke about is familiar to Ukraine. "Nuclear power — though it is cephalous Orthodox Church, he added. further moves in regard to the status of
me. What Mr. Ruban spoke about is the chief concern (of the populace in The Russian Orthodox Church, the Ukrainian Catholic Church "are
unknown to me." Ukraine) today — is part of the broader which has been the chief beneficiary of dependent upon the Church officials'
He then went on to state that he does issue of ecology," he said. new Soviet laws regarding religious moves."
not believe in what is happening today Although Western scientists "have groups, is afraid to lose power, while the Mr. Bogayevsky also noted, " I can
in the U S S R , because he saw what adhered to the myth of Chornobyl as a Soviet government is afraid of losing only express my regrets to those who
happened to the New Economic Po success story," the speaker emphasized control and political power, Mr. Boj fail to see changes in Ukraine. It is time
licy ( N E P ) instituted under Vladimir that it is not. The evacuation of re cun stressed. for us all to change in response to
Lenin. "The peasant who became bet sidents from the area lasted a month, He went on to outline three currents current conditions."
ter off due to the N E P later was de- the nuclear power program is unsafe, within the Ukrainian Catholic Church: He concluded by noting, "We wel
k u l a k i z e d , " he noted. A n d , "after there have been more deaths as a result those who wish to see a legalized come constructive criticism and we are
U k r a i n i a n i z a t i o n , S t a l i n destroyed of the Chornobyl accident than official Church for purposes of prayer and studying the experiences of other count
those Ukrainian elements and national ly reported, and burial of the damaged worship only; those who view the ries, but we do not accept treatment of
communists who wanted to institute reactor is not permanent, he said. Church's illegal status as a test of faith our system with contempt, lecturing
Ukrainianization. The Ukrainian in "It is surprising that the West has not and fear legalization will corrupt their and sermonizing."
telligentsia was destroyed." picked up on the opposition to nuclear faith; and those who make no distin Speaking from a personal perspec
Mr. Shumuk pointed out that pere- power in Ukraine as a major story," Dr. ctions between prayer and worship on tive, as a Ukrainian Canadian who has
budova (the Ukrainian term for pe Marples continued, pointing out that one hand, and the promotion of Christ's traveled numerous times to Ukraine,
restroika) is proceeding very slowly in this opposition arose spontaneously works (including activity in movements was George Duravetz (a panelist not
Ukraine and has done little in terms of from the grass roots. for democracy, social justice and na originally scheduled). Mr. Duravetz
Ukrainianization. First Secretary of the In addition, ecological disasters such tional rights) on the other. noted in his remarks that the people in
Communist Party of Ukraine Volody as the mysterious illness of children in The U S S R , Mr. Bojcun observed, Ukraine do support Mr. Gorbachev and
myr Shcherbytsky and his cohorts are Chernivtsi due to thallium deposits seeks relations with the Vatican, but perestroika. However the benefits of
"emissaries of the Russian Communist whose source is unknown further in seeks a way to avoid Cardinal Myroslav restructuring policy "have not yet
empire," according to Mr. Shumuk. He censed the Ukrainian public, he said. As Lubachivsky, primate of the Ukrainian filtered down to the people. There are
concluded by stating, "As long as the a result a "patriotic oposition move Catholic Church and archbishop of tremendous shortages of everyday
repressors and repressive organs con ment" has arisen. Lviv, who is seen as "fundamentally items," he added.
tinue to exist, there cannot be true Ukrainian party officials have not hostile to the U S S R . " He noted the existence of "a con
restructuring." taken up the issues of nuclear safety and servative element" in Ukraine that is
The panel held the next day, Monday ecology, and the republic's health Soviet representative's presentation "well-entrenched and strong, that is
evening, January 30, under the chair minister, Anatoly Romanenko — not against perestroika. These people live
manship of Prof. Peter Potichnyj of Mr. Shcherbytsky — is perhaps the At the final session of the confe well and have access to goods."
M c M a s t e r University in H a m i l t o n , most unpopular person in Ukraine. "He rence, chaired by Prof. Subtelny on Mr. Duravetz also pointed to other
Ontario, addressed more specific to is despised by the public" for hiding the Tuesday evening, January 31, the first problems in Ukraine: pollution, acid
pics. truth about the Chornobyl nuclear ac secretary of the Soviet E m b a s s y in rain, bad planning and ecological di
cident and for the delay in taking action Canada, Yuri Bogayevsky, emphasized sasters, such as a chemical spill that
Interpretation of history in the case of the Chernivtsi children, that "new developments (in the U S S R ) destroyed the Dniester River and the
Dr. Marples explained. give us a chance to shed outdated thallium deposits, which he said are
Thus, Stephen Velychenko of the Ukraine today is divided in two: the notions." coming from military factories in Cher
University of Toronto, addressed the "Brezhnev holdovers," and those "who He stated that "revolutionary trans nivtsi, that are causing the city's
issue of the official Soviet interpre w o u l d promote G e n e r a l S e c r e t a r y formations have just started to take children to become ill.
tation of history. Since the institu Mikhail Gorbachev's policy of perebu- shape in Ukraine" and that, for the most "The Ukrainian Catholic Church
tion of the policy of glasnost, he noted, dova in the sphere of nuclear power." part, "people recognize that this will should be legalized immediately," M ;
much new information has emerged The second group, noted Dr. Marples is take time," for there must be a "fun D u r a v e t z commented, "otherwise a
about Soviet-era history, but much less supported by writers, scientists, the damental reorganization" of society permanent barrier between the diaspora
about the period before 1917. intelligentsia and the public. and many difficulties remain. and Ukraine will exist." At the same
The official interpretation of pre- Mr. Bogayevsky pointed out that the time, he noted that the Russian Ortho
1917 history was written in 1934-1953 The religious question 19th Party Congress resolution on dox Church in Ukraine had "Ukrai-
on the basis of decrees, he said. This glasnost "gives our society many nianized."
official view "presents the history of M a r k o B o j c u n , a researcher for opportunities." " A law in U k r a i n e He urged his audience: "We should
present-day Soviet nationalities within Keston College in England, observed provides for nationwide discussion of take glasnost and perestroika at face
a R u s s o - c e n t r i c f r a m e w o r k , " in ac that while on the eve of official Millen important questions," he said. "If a value. We both (Ukrainians in diaspora
cordance with which the "annexation of nium celebrations the U S S R announ problem applies to the whole of U - and in Ukraine) can gain from it, and we
non-Russian areas was a progressive act ced "a new law to eliminate the second- kraine, it can be discussed nationwide." need each other. Ukraine will always
that allowed fraternal nations to strug class status of religious life, the offer In the field of history, "never before remain for us a source."
gle together." Also, within this frame
work, "the history of the nations of the
U S S R cannot be studied apart from
that of the U S S R or Russia," Prof.
Velychenko said.
Today, "historians do acknowledge
that 'bourgeois' history, too, must be
known by scholars in their fields," Prof.
Velychenko noted.
He also pointed to differences bet
ween Russian scholars and Ukrainian
scholars. "A Russian scholar in 1988
rejected the notion of the 'elder brother'
and of the 'voluntary union' of nations
with, R u s s i a , " he said, adding that
U k r a i n i a n scholars are "much less
forward; in fact, many Stalinist cliclies
are still evident." Speakers at one of the panels: Peter Potichnyj (moderator), Marko Bojcun, David Marples and Stephen Velychenk
Holocaust... the prosecution claim that Ivan went
after the death camps were dismantled:
The judges asked the defense to
consider changing the defendant's alibi.
high gear in Sobibor). After that date,
Ivan — 'active in Sobibor and active in
(Continued from page 8) Had he gone with other A k t i o n Rein- " I f even now he were to plead guilty to Treblinka' — could have moved back
Sereny wrote, presented the trial judges hard personnel to Trieste, as per the having been at Sobibor, then such a plea and forth as his services were required.
i n Israel with two problems: "First, it transcript? Or was it Flossenburg, as would take precedence over anything "The c o n t o r t i o n s i n this analysis,
claimed that Demjanjuk had spent six stated by Danilchenko? The indictment, else, reducing sharply the importance of within an otherwise clear and damning
months in Sobibor in 1943, when the replied the prosecution, was solely for the testimony of the survivors. But, i f he v e r d i c t , disturbed a n u m b e r o f ex
eyewitnesses said he had been in Treb his activities in T r e b l i n k a : his later maintained an alibi which, over the perienced observers in Israel at the time.
linka. Then where, asked the judges, did movements were irrelevant." coming weeks, the court might have to The Suchomel letter now, corrobora
c o n c l u d e was u n t r u e , m a j o r w e i g h t t i n g the e q u a l l y u n s o l i c i t e d 1960s
would have to be given to the eye Munzberger statement, makes it totally
DEAR UKRAINIAN STORE OWNERS witness testimony," M s . Sereny, who unacceptable. We are left unsure where
attended portions of the Jerusalem trial, Demjanjuk was. But there can be no
DEAR UKRAINIAN CUSTOMERS observed. Six weeks later, the judges doubt: Tvan' was in Trieste."
found M r . Demjanjuk guilty. Ms. Sereny went on to say that the
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Detroit District... in Branch 183 and acknowledged his
successor, Kathy Nazark.
plan of activity was adopted by the new
administration: a spring concert sche
Estate in July; a banquet celebrating the
95th anniversary of the Ukrainian
(Continued from page 5) In addition to the foregoing, a special duled for April 1, featuring the Ukrai National Association; the annual bus
ny secretaries complain about unem honorarium was presented to Dr. Ata- nian folklore ensemble from Poland excursion to S o y u z i v k a ; and a fall
ployment as a factor in insurance nas Slusarchuk for his enrollment of 40 called Oslaviany; the annual July social concert by a Ukrainian musical en
solicitations/' Mr. Flis continued, "but new members during 1988, the second picnic for U N A activists at the Dibrova semble from Poland.
Pittsburgh with shut down steel plants hignest in America and Canada. Dr.
is demonstrating a high productivity." Slusarchuk, secretary in Branch 174, sider government policies and perfor
In 1988, Mr. Flis reported, the fi was named a member of the U N A Freedom House... mance, and their alternatives, in many
nancial soundness of the U N A had Champions Club for the 15th year. formerly forbidden areas. Movies long
(Continued from page 3)
advanced by $2.7 million. He also After these commendations, a ques censored or suppressed are shown.
outlined the variety and intensity of tions, a question and answer session Soviet Union for greater self-determi Political prisoners continue to be
programs promulgated, by the executive followed. After a pleasing supper, the nation, demands expressed through released. Religious and economic free
committeee. One of the most signi meeting continued. popular action as well as regional doms are beginning to be countenanced.
ficant was establishment of a U N A The first topic was election of officers governments, have been heard in forms In the present climate even when per
Office in Washington. Other U N A for 1989. Mrs. Marischak, chairman of ^nd with a persistence unimaginable a sons are detained, it seems to be for
beneficiaries included student scholar the nominations committee, presented a few years ago. The reaction of Moscow short periods.
ship, additional funding for the Har list of candidates which was unani to such demands has been mixed: some With all this, it is still true that the
vard Project, a generous contribution to mously approved. The following of have been rejected, some have met with repressive apparatus, together with the
the Armenian Earthquake Fund, camps ficers were elected: M r . T a t a r s k y , temporization, some seem to have been lack of political choice, that has charac
for children, building programs, mem chairman; Dr. Serafyn, executive vice- tacitly accepted. terized the Soviet Union remains in
bership discounts at Soyuzivka. president; Irene Pryjma, vice-chairman The main achievement, however, has place. Theoretically, the gains of the last
The U N A , the president underlined, and director of fraternal affairs; Dr. been the mass organization of people, few years could be swept away over
is vitally interested in Ukrainian issues Slusarchuk, vice-chairman; Mr. L a - including Communist leaders, in the night. But one suspects it would not be
on a global level. Reporters from The zarchuk, recording and correspond Baltic republics, Armenia, and else that easy.
Ukrainian Weekly have been sent to ing secretary; Yaroslav Baziuk, trea where, to openly press for policies not Too much hope has been aroused in
Leningrad, Moscow, Kiev and Lviv to surer; Stephen M . Wichar Sr., public previously approved by Moscow. too many millions; we are no longer
evaluate glasnost and perestroika re relations (English); Wasyl Papiz, public In civil liberties, change has meant speaking of the fortunes of a heroic but
forms. Sponsoring artistic groups from relations (Ukrainian); Roma Dyhdalo the development of a much more open tiny group of hard-core dissidents
Poland, Australia, South America is and Zenon Wasylkevych, co-directors press. Major mass circulation publica shuttling between Moscow and the
another forte. of special events; Dmytro Koshilowsky tions now regularly and critically con camps.
In concluding his report, Mr. Flis and Mr. Zaluha, board members; Mrs.
ers and forcing millions to choose
presented a special recognition plaque
to Mr. Zaluha for 31 years of loyal,
Marischak, Stella Fedyk and Joseph
Pastolowsky, auditors. The Washington Post... between atheism and the 'officially
continuous service as financial secretary After a brief discussion, the following (Continuedfrompage 8) sanctioned' and government-controlled
the table put much faith in the slogans Russian Orthodox Church.
of reform spoken every day in Moscow "But even now it is impossible here to
UKRAINIAN SKI CLUB KLK, or in Gorbachev himself — 'a friendly- write about the way Brezhnev and
looking emperor, but an emperor, Shcherbytsky purged the intelligentsia
New York
nonetheless.' in the 1970s and stacked every level of
invites its Members and their Guests to their
"And while they said they admire the Ukrainian party organization with
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February 28
DETROIT: Prof. Roman Szporluk of
PREVIEW OF EVENTS C o u n c i l of the U k r a i n i a n National f
Women's League of America invites the \
Canadian Institute of Ukrainian Stu Appeal invites the public to a meeting public to an "author's night" at 6:30 |
the University of Michigan will speak
dies will discuss "The Social Impact of with Dr. James Mace and Dr. Oleh p.m. in St. Josaphat's Astrodome, ]
about the "Cultural Revolution and
the Chernobyl Disaster"at 11:30a.m. in Weres of the United States Commission featuring D r . Martha Bohachevsky- !
Political Crisis in Ukraine Today" at 11
the Student Center Building, Hillbery- on the Ukraine Famine at 1:30 p.m. in Chomiak, author of the recently pub- |
a.m. in the Student Center Building,
C , Wayne State University. The lecture the Ukrainian Culture Center, 4315 lished "Feminists Despite Themselves \
Hilberry-A, Wayne State University, as
is part of a "Chornobyl Awareness Melrose Ave. Dr. Mace, the commis Worrlen in Ukrainian Community Life §
part of a "Chornobyl Awareness Week,"
Week," sponsored by Wayne State's sion's staff director, will discuss the 1884-1939." A reception will follow. §
organized by Wayne State's Ukrainian
Ukrainian Student Organization. commission's work during the past Admission is $5 per person, $3 f o r i
Student Organization.
three years and the work that needs to senior citizens and students. For more |
March 4 be completed by 1990. Dr. Weres, a information call Nadia Deychakiwsky, I
public member of the commission's (216) 526-6863, * I
March 2
W A R R E N , Mich.: The U k r a i n i a n board of directors, will discuss the plans
Student Organization of Wayne State of the commission and review a number
PHILADELPHIA: The Ukrainian
University, the Ukrainian Engineers of recent developments in Ukraine PARMA, Ohio: The Taras Shevchen- \
Student Hromada at the University of
Society of A m e r i c a and U k r a i n i a n regarding the 1932-33 Ukrainian fam ko School of Ukrainian Studies of St. \
Pennsylvania will sponsor a screening
Graduates of Detroit and Windsor will ine. Admission is $5 for adults and freeVladimir's Ukrainian Orthodox Cathe- \
of the film " E y e on U k r a i n i a n s in
sponsor a lecture by Dr. David Marples for children and high school students. dral will sponsor an "Embroidered \
America" at 7:30 p.m. in the Bowler
on his book "The Social Impact of the A l l profits will be donated to the Ball" dinner/dance immediately follow- \
Room (ground floor) on Houston Hall,
Chornobyl Disaster" at 7:30 p.m. in the commission. For more information call ing the 6 p.m. vespers in church, in St. =
3417 Spruce St., on the U. of P. campus,
Ukrainian Cultural Center, Ryan and the center, (213) 665-3703. Vladimir's parish center. The Troyanda j
as part of the fourth annual Ukrainian
Film Festival. For more information 11 Mile Road. vocal ensemble will perform after \
call (215) 243-7776. March 10 dinner. M u s i c for dancing will be :
March 5 provided by the Ukrainian orchestra |
DETROIT: The Ukrainian Student CLEVELAND: Dr. Martha Bohachev- Romen. Tickets are $17 per person and \
Organization at Wayne State Universi BROOKLYN, N.Y.: Branch 21 of the sky-Chomiak will speak about "Ethnic may be purchased by calling the parish I
Ukrainian National Women's League Women in Community Work: Histori office, (216) 886-1528 or 459-0229. J
ty will sponsor a screening of "The Bell
of America will host a dance, featuring cal Contributions," at 6 p.m. at Cleve
of Chornobyl," a film about the Chor
the music of "Richard," 1 to 6 p.m., in land State University, Euclid and 21st
nobyl nuclear explosion, at 1:30 p.m. in
the Holy Ghost Ukrainian Catholic St. Room 109, as part of a "Women in March 12 |
Room 110 in Kresge Library, as part of
School auditorium, 152 N. Fifth St. History Week" program. The lecture is
its "Chornobyl Awareness Week." I
Admission is $5 for adults, free for free and open to the public.
SAN FRANCISCO: Dr. James Mace j
youth up to age 14. will speak on the progress and prospects j
March 3 March 11 of the C o m m i s s i o n on the Ukraine j
LOS ANGELES: T h e L o s Angeles Famine at 2 p.m. at the Ukrainian \
DETROIT: Dr. David Marples of the Ukrainian Famine Commission Fund PARMA, Ohio: The Ohio Regional Orthodox Church, 345 Seventh St. \
i