Alumno:

Espinoza
Castro, Franco
Student:
Espinoza
Castro, Franco
Eduardo
Eduardo

CALCAREOUS ROCKS

Cdigo:Code:
20102662G
20102662G

Composition
Mineral

Frmula
CaCO3

Calcite
Dolomite

CaMg (CO3)2

Components
CaO
CO2
CaO
MgO
CO2

Percent (%)
56.2
43.8
30.4
21.7
47.9

Classification of limestones according to the content of

calcium carbonate (CaCO3)
Category
Very High purity
High purity
Average purity
Low purity
Impure
-

Percent CaCO3
> 98.5

97.0 98.5
93.5 97.0
85.0 93.5
< 85.0

Limestone: They are rocks whose principal mineral is calcite

(mineral mono), used in the manufacture of glass, agriculture
(fertilizer), calcium carbide in the paper industry and the
cement industry. Are found in the north (Fm. Cajamarca), in the
center (Fm. Condorsinga), south (puno Fm Ayabaca).
Dolomite: They are rocks whose main mineral is dolomite
(monomineral), is used as rock-limestone flux, in agriculture, in
the glass industry (for special glasses).
Marble: metamorphic rock comprised recrystallization of
carbonates (dolomite, calcite) and impurities of silicates (quartz,
tremolite, wollastonite and others). It is used as an ornamental
rock.
Coquina: They are formed by little shells (calcium carbonate
very pure) are found in shallow waters and are of Quaternary
age. It is used as ground added to food for the birds. We find
them all along the coast (Piura, Arequipa, Moquegua, Tacna),
being very abundant in the department of Piura.
Crete: unconsolidated limestone composed of microorganisms
associated with diatomite. It is used as fertilizer for acid soils, as
fillers (plastic jebes). We are found in the fm.Cajabamba (valley
of Cajamarca and Huamachuco).
Travertine: formed by the replacement of hydrothermal
waters. Used as ornamental rock. We found it in Tarma, Holy
Valley and around Arequipa.

Potential reserves
The potential of calcareous rocks in
Peru, being distributed throughout the
territory, is billions of tons. Taking greater
abundance in the central, north and south
the country.

center of

Cements
In the cement industry have the
general composition is (71%), clay
(22%), gypsum (1-2%), and other faith ox
6%). Types of cements
-

(5-

Portland cement
Portland pozzolan cement
Steel Cementos
Cement portland blast furnace slag
Cement masonry

Consumption
Limestone consumption in Peru has been increasing from 2001 to
2007 (7 million tons to more than 14 million tons). Among the major
producers of lime in 2007 we have China, US, Russia and Japan.
Industrial uses
-

As fluxing stone (calcite, dolomite and lime)

Agricultural limestone calcium and magnesium
In the manufacture of glass
As calcium carbide
As a key material in the manufacture of cane and beet sugar
In the paper industry