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Test Item & Description

Voltage
ratio
and
phase
displacement or polarity test

Purpose:
- To measure the voltage ratio of one
winding to another associated
with a lower or equal voltage.
- To check that deviation of the
voltage ratio from the specified
value does not exceed the limit
given in the related transformer
standard.
Sequences:
- Measure voltage ratio between HV
to LV, all tap.
- Check phase displacement (Vector
Group)
Passing Criteria:
- Maximum ratio deviation 0.5%
- Phase displacement (Vector Group)
conform to specification
2 Measurement
of
winding
Resistance
Purpose :
- Calculation of I2R component of
conductor losses.
- Calculation of winding temperatures
at the end of a temperature rise
test.
- A base for assessing possible
damage in the field.
Sequences :
- Measure winding resistance HV side
phase to phase for all tap
- position.
- Measure winding resistance LV side
phase to phase.
- Record temperature transformer
before and after test.
Passing Criteria:
- Conform to design value

Connection Diagram

Measurement
of
insulation
resistance including polarization
index
Purpose :
To
determine
the
insulation
resistance from individual windings
to ground or between individual
windings
Sequences :
Connect together winding HV (R-ST-N), LV(r-s-t-n), and tertiary TV
(3r1 3t2)
Select test voltage to 5 kV.
Measure
insulation
resistance
between :
HV LV
HV TV
HV Gnd
LV TV
LV Gnd
TV Gnd
Measure IR for 1 minute for all test
configuration
Take record at minute 1st and
minute 10th for measurement
between winding to ground only.
Calculate PI, insulation resistance at
minute 10th divided by insulation
resistance at minute 1st
Passing Criteria :
Insulation resistance > 1000 Mohm
Polarization Index > 1.25
No Load losses and exciting
current
including
harmonics
voltage and current
Purpose :
To determine the no-load loss and
the no-load current, respectively the
active power absorbed and the
current flowing
through the line terminals when
rated voltage at rated frequency is
applied to the terminals of one of the
windings and other being open
circuited.
Sequences :
Make connection as per diagram
connection.

- Apply
voltage
and
increase
gradually.
- Measure No-Load at 90%,100% and
110% rated voltage.
- Measure harmonic voltage and
current at 90%,100% and 110%.
- Record/Save all measured data.
Passing Criteria:
No Load losses is not exceeding 30
kW with tolerance 15%.
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Load Losses and Impedance
Voltage
Purpose :
To determine :
- Impedance voltage
The voltage to be applied at rated
frequency to the line terminals of
a winding to cause the rated
current to flow through these
terminals when the terminals of
the other winding are short
circuited
- Load loss
The active power absorbed at
rated frequency when rated
current is flowing through the line
terminals of one of the windings,
the terminals of the other winding
being short circuited.
Sequences :
- Make connection as per diagram
connection.
- Increase current up to 50% - 100%
rated current, as quick as
possible.
- Record / Save all measured data,
decrease the current as quick as
possible to avoid excessive
heating on the winding.
- Measure losses and impedance on
tap nominal and two extreme
tapping.
- Record temperature of transformer
before and after measurement.
- Calculate the losses and impedance
at reference temperature (75oC).
Passing Criteria :
- Losses on tap 9 (tap nominal) is not
exceed 115 KW with 15%

tolerance.
- Impedance on tap 9 (tap nominal) is
12.5% with tolerance 7.5%.
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Separate Source Voltage
Withstand test (Applied
test)
Purpose :
To verify the power frequency (AC)
withstand
strength of the line and neutral
terminals and their
connected windings to earth and
other windings.
Sequences :
Make connection as per
schematic diagram
- Perform the test as follow:
HV winding: 38 kV, 60 seconds
LV winding: 50 kV, 60 seconds
TV winding: 28 kV, 60 seconds
Passing Criteria:
No flashover or breakdown occurs
during testing.

Induced Overvoltage
withstand test
Purpose :
To verify the AC withstand strength
of each line
terminal
and
its
connected
winding(s) to earth and
other windings and along the
winding(s) under test,
namely: LTAC.
Sequences :
Make connection as per
schematic diagram
- Increase voltage up to induce
level (HV =275 kV L-G,
and hold for 60 s (if use Freq. =100
Hz) or 40 s ( if
use Freq. =150 Hz)
Passing Criteria:
No flashover or breakdown occurs
during testing.

Capacitance and Tan delta

Purpose:
To measure capacitance and
dissipation factor (tan) between
winding to winding and winding to
ground.
- As a diagnostic tool to verify
dryness of transformer.
Sequences:
Make connection as per
schematic drawing.
- Select testing mode from available
menu (UST, GST-LGnd, GSTLGrd)
- Apply voltage 10 kV on the test
circuit.
- Record capacitance and tan
obtained from instrument.
- Change connection and repeat
measurement.
- Passing Criteria:
The dissipation factor (tan)
maximum is 0.5% at 20C.
- The capacitance value only for
future comparison.
Partial Discharge
Measurement
Purpose :
To verify the quality of the
insulation system by
partial discharge measurement,
namely: IVPD.
Sequences :
- Make connection as per schematic
diagram
Perform measurement as per
below steps:

1.2 Ur = 180 kV L-L

1.58 Ur = 238 kV L- L
*T enhanced = 60 s (if use Freq.
=100 Hz) or 40 s ( if use
Freq. =150 Hz)

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Passing Criteria :
- No breakdown or flashover during
induced test.
- PD at 1.58 Ur is not exceed 70 pC.
Lightning Impulse test, Full wave
and Chopped wave test
Purpose :
To verify the impulse withstand
strength of each line
terminal to earth and
other
windings and along the
winding under test.
Sequences :
- Make connection as per schematic
diagram.
- Setup the wave shape according
to standard and its
tolerance (1.2 S 30% and 50
S20%).
- Perform impulse test as follow:
- HV BIL (650 kV, LV BIL 125 kV)
Sequence of Test:

Passing Criteria :
-No failure or collapse during testing
-No significant difference wave
shape between 50% and
100% of BIL.
Temperature Rise test (Type Test)
Purpose :
To establish the top oil
temperature rise in steady
state condition with dissipation of
total losses.
- To establish the
average
winding temperature
rise at rated current.
- To establish hot spot temperature
rise on the
winding

Sequences :
Make connection as per
schematic drawing.
- Put temperature sensor on the top
cover, top
radiator, bottom radiator and
surrounding
transformer.
- Put tap position to minimum tap.
- Measure cold winding resistance
as a base of
average
winding
temperature
calculation.
- Inject maximum total losses until
top oil
temperature rise in steady state
condition, where
the change of temperature in one
hour is less than 1
o
K and has remain there for 3 hours.
- Record all data voltage, current,
losses and
temperature in every hour.
- Reduced to rated current after the
above condition
is obtained, keep for one hour.
Usually if the
different between test current and
rated current is
less than 10%, reduced to rated
current is not
necessary.
- Shut down the power supply and
start winding
measurement not more than 2
minute after shut
down.
Calculate average winding
temperature, hot spot
temperature
and
top
oil
temperature.
Temperature rise to be performed :
HV LV, ONAN and ONAF
Passing Criteria :
- Top oil rise 50 K
- Average winding rise 55 K
- Hot spot rise 68

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Measurement of Sound Level (Type

Test)
Purpose :
To measure the A - weighted sound
power by using Sound Intensity
Meter
and
determine
sound
pressure level in decibels over the
total
of
measurement
area
when
transformer energized at rated
voltage
with the forced air cooling
equipment and any oil circulating
pumps
OFF (ONAN) and in Service (ONAF
or ODAF)
Steps :
Measure the dimension
of
principal
radiating
surface
(transformer
and cooling system)
- Determine number of point of
measurement with a horizontal
line, spaced at a definite distance
from the principal radiating
surface, along which the measuring
positions are located:
a. Point of measurement shall be
spaced 0.3 m
away from the principal
radiating surface.
b. For transformer with the tank
height equal to
or greater than 2.5 m Two
prescribed contour shall
be used which are on horizontal
planes at one
third and two thirds of the tank
height
- Input all dimension data to Sound
Intensity Meter.
- Make connection as per diagram
connection (Same with No load
test at rated frequency with the tap
changer on the principal
tapping).
Apply voltage and increase
gradually up to 100% of rated
voltage.

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- Take a record at least 10 seconds

for each point and save all
measured data.
- Calculate The Sound Pressure
Level
Passing Criteria:
Sound Pressure Level shall not
exceed the guaranteed value given
in
the specification.
Verification of Ratio and Polarity of
Current Transformer
Purpose :
-To verify whether the turn ratio and
polarity of the current
transformer
installed
is
in
accordance with the rating plate or
schematic drawing
Steps :
-Make connection as per diagram
connection.
-Set up CT analyzer and input all
data of CT as per rating plate
- Record/save all measured datas
(ratio and polarity).
Passing criteria :
-Maximum error conform to its class
-Polarity conform to rating plate or
schematic drawing
Measurement of Power
Taken By Fans and Oil Pump
Motors (Type Test)
Purpose :
-To determine the active power
absorbed by the fan and/or oil
pump motors.
Steps :
-Make connection as per diagram
connection.
-Run Cooling Fan and/or pump,
adjust voltage up to value as per
schematic drawing/ rating plate.
-Record/save all measured datas
(voltage, current, watt)
Passing criteria :
-Losses not exceed guarantee
value.

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Measurement of Sweep
Frequency Response
Analysis ( SFRA )
Purpose :
To provide finger print as benchmark
of the
geometric integrity of transformer for
future
diagnostic or analysis whether any
deformation due
to transport or operation in service.
Steps :
- Make connection as per diagram
connection
- Tap Nominal with Tertiary closed
delta but not
grounded
- Set frequency from 20 Hz to 2
MHz
- Perform all test combination and
save the result into
specific folder

Measurement combination :
HV
R N, S N, T - N
HV to LV R r, S s, T -t
LV
r n, s n, t - n
Passing criteria :
-No passing criteria for SFRA test,
the pattern
obtained during factory test will be
used as reference
for future diagnostic.