Faculty for Electrical Engineering and Information Sciences, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany
bouabana@enesys.rub.de, sourkounis@enesys.rub.de
Abstract
I.
INTRODUCTION
Cin
L.
tis
IpNA
eak-/
978-1-4673-2421-2/12/$31.00 2012
IEEE
c)
rT
tis
483
III.
AND THE
I/O CAPACITANCE
In [4], [5] and [6] the equations for the current when the
transistor or the diode are conductive, are introduced. The
current ij increases according the equation (I) to the value (2)
by the time rT. The variable r is the duty cycle and the
parameter T is the period (frequency is! = 1/7).
In addition, the voltage fI describes the input voltage of the
converter and the voltage Uc;s is the threshold voltage of the
transistor.
iJ (t)=
UIn-U
J)S t
( 1)
(2)
.
Uin-UDS
fpeak =11 (rT)=
rT
-2
Lapprox =
(8)
- = a + r;
r ---
(4)
(l - r) r (Uin -V,)
2n
1
i2
(5)
(Uin - U,) r2
2
I1U;n f L
1
out
=! (Uin U ) (l-r)r
2
i1U(Jut
nifL
(6)
Fig. 3. Geometric parameters of a spiral coil
(7)
484
IV.
(9)
Layer 1
2
Layer 2
Layer 3
1'
V.
Layer 4
2'
I MHz
UA
Cl1
Sbx
sax
[mm]
[mm]
[mm]
0.6
0.15
Nx
22
dax
Lx
[mm]
[IlH]
37
12.76
/V
10
CI4
CI3
CI2
CI1
20
40
60
80
n
1.13
Hi
C12
C13
C14
0.6
0.15
24
40
16.31
0.6
0.15
22
37
12.76
0.4
0.15
30
37
23.73
0.5
0.15
20
30
8.73
0.4
0.15
24
30.4
12.72
0.6
0.15
17
29.5
6.21
0.4
0.15
24
30.4
12.72
100
The next figures show the time responses of the currents and
voltage for the layout 4 (CI4) by the frequency of IMHz and
150kHz.
TABLE I
fix
t / s
1.36
t / s
1.21
il1/mA
1.43
400
300
200
100
o---------------------------
485
t / s
lJ :
05
-100
15
.".
2
800
fb
::.
0
-------- L-
8 ------8.----,0-------
1
:1
1
t 5
19
u,/V
t s
If>
1
1
t 5
t s
10
t s
:1
u,/V
0.5
t/s
1.5
(CI4)
RA = 100 0
R" = 150 (2
70
RA = 235 0
60
: )1
o
T,",
8:
----,J
--
'"
:
:
10
10
'r
-500
(CI4)
'
:
1'
10
(CI4)
1
1
1
t s
t s
t s
RA = 340 0
50
40
30
20
10
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
f/ kHz
(CI4)
VI. CONCLUSIONS
The accomplished results approve the analytical example. The
development of a new DCIDC converter has fulfilled.
This new DC/DC converter has a planar transformer without a
ferrite core. It works only with a "air core". This construction
has a big advantage, it is designed for a high isolation voltage
by the PCB-Technologie. The measurement of the input and
output power shows an efficiency in the range of 65%. In
addition, the converter is resistive for a isolation voltage of
8kV.The EMI (electromagnetic interferance) and the EMC
(electromagnetic compapiltity) are two aspects, which can cause
problems. By reason of the swithing operations, the EMI must
be reduced. Therefore, the converter should be shield against
external disturbance and should not influence other device. This
low cost DC/DC converter is useful for many low power
applications. The regulation of the voltage was realized with
voltage regulator. In the future, the voltage will be control with
the control unit.
486
SYMBOLS
COllt:
i2 :
Ipeak
L:
n:
Din:
Unlit :
U,:
w:
Indices:
approx.
ext:
in:
int:
L:
out:
peale
s:
I:
2:
,,:
SEPTEMBER 2000
area (m')
input capacitance (F)
output capacitance (F)
diode
diameter (m)
frequency (Hz)
current at the primary side (A)
current on at secondary side (A)
amplitude of i2 (A)
[3]
[4]
[5]
Schlienz U . , "Schaltnetzteile
Dimensionierung", Wiesbaden 2007
[6]
[7]
[8]
[9]
[10]
[11]
und
ihre Peripherie:
BIOGRAPHIES
approximate
external
input
infernal
load
output
maximum value
switch
primary side
secondary side
mean value
amplitude component
delta
REFERENCES
[1]
[2]
487