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Muscle

Origin

Trapezius
1 Superior (descending) Medial 1/3 of superior
2 Middle
nuchal line
3 Inferior (ascending)
Spinous process of c7-T12

Insertion
1
2
3

Posterior border of
lateral 1/3 of clavivle
(back of far clavicle)
Medial border of
acromion + superior lip
of scapular spine
Medial end of spine of
scapula by a narrow
recurved tendon

Action

Assist i
upper l
Braces
Rotateg

Scapular m

depress
retract

Elevate
Retract
Depres

Latissimus dorsi

Spinous Process of the


inferior 6 thoracic vert
Thoracolumbar fascia
Iliac Crest
Inferiur 3 ribs

Floor of the intertubercular


groove of the humerus by
narrow tendon

Extend
Adduct
Medial
humeru
Raise b
during

Levator Scapulae

Transverse processes of
C1-C4

Medial border of scapula


(above the spine)
(Posterior surface from
superior angle to spine)

Elevate
Rotates
inferior
scapula

Rhomboid Minor

Nuchal ligament
Spinous process C7-T1
vert

Medial end/root of spine of


scapula
(Posterior surface)

Retrac
Fix sca

Rhomboid Major

Spinous process of T2-T5


Vert

Lower medial border of


scapula (from spine to
inferior angle)

Retrac
Fix sca

Serratus Anterior

Digitations from, External


surface of lateral parts of
ribs 1-8: ribs, fascia on
intercostal spaces

Digitations 1-2: Superior


angle
Digitations 3+4: length of
medial border
Digitations 5-8: inferior
angle
Anterior, costal surface
(beneath inner surface of
scapula)

1.

Lateral Lip of the


intertubercular groove via
the bilaminar tendon
(anterior from clavicular
head, posterior from

Clavicu
arm
Sternoc
extend

Pectoralis Major

Clavicular head: anterior


surface of the medial 1/3
of clavicle
Sternocostal head:
- anterior surface of

med
scap
thor
supp
2.

digit
rota
cavi
(trap
serr
ABD

the sternum
Ribs 1-6 costal
cartilage
Sternal end of 6th
rib aponeurosis of
external oblique

sternocostal)

Adduct
Medial

Pectoralis Minor

Ribs 3-5 over associated


intercostal space

Coracoid process
Minor f
Medial border, upper surface importa
Anatom
lymph n

Teres Major

Posterior surface of the


inferior angle of the
scapular

Medial lip of the


ADDUC
Intertuburcular sulcus on the + medi
humerus

Teres Minor

Upper 2/3 of posterior


surface of scapular
adjacent to lateral border

Inferior facet on posterior


surface of greater tubercle
(Bottom facet of greater
tubercle)

Acts wi
muscle
Lateral
arm

Supraspinatus

Medial 2/3 of
supraspinous fossa of
scapula

Superior facet of greater


tubercle ( posterior surface)

Rotator
Initiate
15-20 d

Infraspinatus

Medial 2/3 of
infraspinaous foss of
scapula

Central facet of greater


tubercle (posterior surface)

Rotator
Lateral
arm

Subscapularis

Medial 2/3 of subscapular


fossa of scapula

Lesser tubercle of humerus

Deltoid

Clavicular

Middle

Spinal

1.

Deltoid tuberosity on
humerus

Flexion
rotation

Deltoid tuberosity on
humerus

Abduct

ARM
ANTERIOR

Anterior:
Lateral 1/3 of clavicle
(anterior border, upper
surface)
2.
Middle :
Lateral acromion
3.
Posterior :
spine of scapula
(lateral and lower
portion)

Medial
arm
(tendon separated from bare Stabilis
area at the lateral angle by
Rotator
a BURSA (subscapular
bursa)- a point of injection)

Inferior lip of crest of


scapular spine
Deltoid tuberosity on
humerus

Extend
rotation

Togethe
BEYOND
and pos

Corachobrachialis

Apex of coracoid process

Midshaft of MEDIAL humerus Helps fl


(middle third)
arm
Resist d
shoulde

Biceps Brachii

Long head: supraglenoid


tubercle + adjoining
labrum
Short head: apex of
coracoid+ lateral head of
corachobrachialis

Posterior border of radial


tuberosity via BICIPITAL
aponeurosis via deep fascia
to upper end of ulna

STRON
Flexion
stronge
supine
Short h
shoulde
disloca

Brachialis

Lower (distal) half of


interior aspect (medial
and lateral) of the
humerus
(lower part of the arm)

Coronoid process +
tuberosity of the ulna

STRON
forearm

Long head: infraglenoid


tubercle of scapula

Olecranon of the ulnar


(proximal end, upper end)
+ fascia: deep and
superficial lamina

Extensi
forearm
Long he
disloca
during

Middle of lateral surface of


the radius

Pronate
elbow)

POSTERIOR
Triceps

Lateral Head: Back of


humerus ABOVE the radial
groove
Medial Head: back of
humerus, below the radial
groove (takes up the
whole back of the
humerus) deep to the
other two muscles and
from the deep lamina of
the tendon
FOREARM
ANTERIOR

: medial epicondyle for


flexors and pronators

Pronator Teres (S)

Humoral Head: Medial


epicondyle and medial
supracondylar ridge
Ulnar Head: (deep)
coronoid process of the
ulna

Flexor Carpi Radialis (S)

Medial Epicondyle of the


humerus

Base of 2nd and 3rd MC

Flex wr
Radial d

Palmaris Longus (S)


Absent in approx 13% of

Medial Epicondyle of the


humerus

Flexor retinaculum partially,


and longitudinal fibres of

Flex wr

population
Flexor Carpi Ulnaris (S)

palmar aponeurosis
Humoral head: medial
epicondyle of the
humerus

Pisiform
Hook of hamate
Base of 5th MC

Flex wr
Ulnar d

Sides of middle phalanges of


2-5 digits
In carpal tunnel, tendons of
middle and ring fingers
superficial to those of index
and little fingers

Flexion
phalang
At PIP o
digits

Flexor Digitorum Profundus Medial:


(D)
Lateral:
Proximal 3/4 of medial
and anterior surface of
ulna and interosseous
membrane

Base of DISTAL phalanges


4+5
2+3

Flexion
phalang
At DIP o
2+3

Flexor Pollicis Longus (D)

Anterior surface

Radius

Adjacent of IO
membrane

Base of distal phalanx of


thumb

Flexion

Pronator Quadratus(D)

Distal Anterior ULNA

Distal Anterior radius

Pronati
wrist
Bind ra

Brachoradialis(S)

Upper 2/3 of lateral


supracondylar ridge of
humerus

Base of radius: styloid

Weak fe
best wh

Extensor Carpi Radialis


LONGUS (S)

Lower 1/3 of lateral


supracondylar ridge of
humerus

Dorsal aspect
Base of 2nd MC

Extend
deviatio

Extenosr Carpi Radialis


BREVIS (S)

Lateral epicondyle of
humerus

Dorsal aspect dorsal aspect


of 3rd MC

Extensor Digitorum (S)

Common head: lateral


epicondyle

Dorsal digital expansion of


2nd-5th digits

Extend
Also ex

Extensor digiti Minimi (S)

Common head: lateral


epicondyle

Extensor expansion of 5th


digit

Extend
(Less a

Extensor carpi ulnaris (S)

Common: lateral

Base of 5th MC (dorsal

Extend

Ulnar head: Aponeurosis


from medial border of
olecronon to upper
subcutaneous border of
ulna
Flexor Digitorum
Superficialis (M)

Humeral head : medial


epicondyle of humerus
Radial head: fibrous arch
continues to radius
attaching to anterior
oblique line

Also fle
phalang

POSTERIOR

epicondyle of humerus

aspect)

Ulnar d

Ulnar head: aponuerotic


sheet from SC border of
ulna
Anconeus (D)

Lateral epicondyle of
humerus

Lateral olecranon,
Superior, posterior ulna

Assist t
forearm
Stabilis
Abduct
pronati

Supinator (D)

Lateral epicondyle
Radial collateral and
annular ligaments
Supinator fossa
Ulna crest

Lateral surface (posterior


and anterior)
Of proximal radius

Assist s
Rotate
palm an
superio
flexed)

Extensor pollicis longus (D) Posterior surface of


middle ulna and IO memb

Base of distal phalanx of


digit 1

Extend
IP
Extend

Extensor pollicis brevis (D)

Posterior surface of
DISTAL third of radius and
IO memb

Base of proximal phalanx of


digit 1

Extend
phalanx
Extnd C

Abductor pollicus longus


(D)

Obliquely back of ulna +


io memb _ Radius

Base of MC 1

Abduct
Extend

Extensor indicis (D)

Posterior surface of lower


(distal) ulna + IO memb

Extensor expansion of digit


2

Extend
indepen
Helps w

Opponens Pollicis

Trapezium

1st MC, lateral

Oppose
Medial

Flexor Pollicis Brevis

Superficial: FR
Deep: capitate +
trapezium

Base of proximal phalanx

Flexion
phalanx

Abductor pollicis Brevis

Scaphoid
Trapezium

Base of proximal phalanx

Abduct
Up

Adductor Pollicis

Transverse: palmar
surface 3rd MC
Oblique: capitate + base
of 2nd MC

Base of proximal phalanx

Palmar

Pisiform

Base of proximal phalanx


Dorsal digital expansion

HAND
THENAR

Ulnar sesamoid

HYPOTHENAR
Abductor Digiti Minimi

Abduct
Aid flex

phalanx
Flexor Digiti Minimi

Hook of hamate + FR

Base proximal phalanx

Flexion
MCP

Opponens Digiti Minimi

Hook of hamate

5th MC (ulnar border)

Brings
anterio
rotation
thumb

Lateral extensor expansion


of digits 2-5

Flex MC
joints o

INTRINSIC
Lumbricals
1+ 2
3+4

Lateral 2 tendons of FDP


UNIPENNATE
Medial 3 tendons of FDP
BIPENNATE

Dorsal Interossei

Adjacent sides of 2 MC
BIPENNATE

Base of proximal phalanges


Extensor expansions of 2nd5th digits

Abduct
midline
Act with
tFLEX M
joints

Palmar interossei

Palmar surface of 2, 4, 5
MC UNIPENATE

Base of proximal phalanges


Extensor expansion of 2, 4,5

Adduct
midline
Act with
FLEX M
joints

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