Midsegments of
Triangles
PRACTICES
Lesson
Vocabulary
midsegment of a
triangle
C
L
A
N
B
D
N
L
A
D
N
L
M
D P B
If . . .
D is the midpoint of CA and
E is the midpoint of CB
C
D
A
Then . . .
DE } AB and
DE = 12 AB
E
B
You will prove Theorem 5-1 in Lesson 6-9.
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Lesson 5-1 Midsegments of Triangles
285
x1 + x2 y1 + y2
2 ,
2
The midpoint of CA is D
The midpoint of CB is E
),
y
A(4, 6)
6
4
2
x
C
B(6, 0)
0+4 0+6
= D(2, 3).
2 , 2
0+6 0+0
= E(3, 0).
2 , 2
slope of DE = 3 - 2
-3
= 1
= -3
0-6
slope of AB = 6 - 4
-6
= 2
= -3
Step 3 To show DE = 12 AB, use the Distance Formula, d = 2(x2 - x1)2 + (y2 - y1)2
to find DE and AB.
= 2110
Problem 1
R
D
65
286
U
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V
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Problem 2
Which relationship
stated in the Triangle
Midsegment Theorem
should you use?
You are asked to find
lengths, so use the
relationship that refers
to the lengths of a
midsegment and the
third side.
Finding Lengths
TU = 2 SR
50
TB = 2 QR
UB = 2 QS
R
30
= 12 (40)
= 2 (50)
30 = 2 QR
= 20
= 25
60 = QR
B 40
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B
You can use the Triangle Midsegment Theorem to find lengths
of segments that might be difficult to measure directly.
Problem 3
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STEM
Midsegment Thm.
46 = 12 AB
92 = AB
46 ft
C
A
963 ft
3. CD
is a bridge being built over a lake,
Got It?
as shown in the figure at the right.
What is the length of the bridge?
Bridge
2640 ft
C
963 ft
D
Lesson 5-1 Midsegments of Triangles
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287
Lesson Check
MATHEMATICAL
Do you UNDERSTAND?
3. If JK = 5x + 20 and
NO = 20, what is the value
of x?
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PRACTICES
8.
J
6
10. BC
11.
EF
12. CA
13.
GE
14. FG
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15.
Find HE.
17.
Find TU.
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T
See Problem 2.
H
V
19.
20.
21.
5x
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45
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72
6x
26
288
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9.
AB
See Problem 1.
7.
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MATHEMATICAL
PRACTICES
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22.
17
23.
24.
38
x2
x4
5x 4
See Problem 3.
25. Surveying A surveyor needs to measure the distance PQ
P
N
across the lake. Beginning at point S, she
locates
the
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S
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midpoints
of SQ and SP at M and N. She then measures NM.
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What is PQ?
78 m
M
26.
Kayaking You want to paddle your kayak across a lake. To
B Apply
determine how far you must paddle, you pace out a triangle,
counting the number of strides, as shown.
a.
If your strides average 3.5 ft, what is the lengthof the
longest side of the triangle?
b.
What distance must you paddle across the lake?
150
80
80
150
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250
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28.
Think About a Plan Draw ABC. Construct another
triangle so that the three sides of ABC are the
midsegments of the new triangle.
Can you visualize or sketch the final figure?
Which segments in your final construction will be
parallel?
Q
29.
Writing In the figure at the right, mQST = 40. What is
mQPR? Explain how you know.
S
30.
Coordinate Geometry The coordinates of the vertices of a
triangle are E(1, 2), F(5, 6), and G(3, -2).
a.
Find the coordinates of H, the midpoint of EG, and J,
the midpoint of FG.
b.
Show that HJ } EF .
c. Show that HJ = 12 EF .
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31.
If mUXY = 60, find mV.
32.
If mW = 45, find mUYX .
33.
If XY = 50, find VW.
34.
If VW = 110, find XY.
Y
W
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289
H
J
35.
IJH
36.
FGH
37. Kite Design You design a kite to look like the one at the right.
Its diagonals measure 64 cm and 90 cm. You plan to use
ribbon, represented by the purple rectangle, to connect the
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midpoints of its sides. How much ribbon do you need?
77 cm
154 cm
122 cm
308 cm
38.
39.
30
21
25
40.
41.
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x
5
3x 6
y
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x
60
42.
DF
= 24, BC = 6, and DB = 8. Find the perimeter
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of ADF .
2x 1
D
C
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B
43.
Algebra If BE = 2x + 6 and DF = 5x + 9, find DF.
44.
Algebra If EC = 3x - 1 and AD = 5x + 7, find EC.
45.
Open-Ended Explain how you could use the Triangle Midsegment Theorem as the
basis for this construction: Draw CD. Draw point A not on CD. Construct AB so
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that AB } CD and AB = 12 CD.
Challenge
46. Reasoning In the diagram at the right, K, L, and M are the midpoints of the
sides of ABC. The vertices of the three small purple triangles are the
midpoints of the sides of KBL, AKM, and MLC. The perimeter of
ABC is 24 cm. What is the perimeter of the shaded region?
290
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47.
Coordinate Geometry In GHJ, K(2, 3) is the midpoint of GH, L(4, 1) is
the midpoint of HJ, and M(6, 2) is the midpoint of GJ . Find the coordinates
of G, H, and J.
48. Complete the Prove statement and then write a proof.
Proof
Given: In VYZ, S, T, and U are midpoints.
Prove: YST TUZ SVU ?
Y
T
S
V
TASK
PERFO
ANC
RM
MATHEMATICAL
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PRACTICES
MP 7
Look at the trail map from page 283, shown again below.
A
4.2 km
2.5 km
Campground
C
3.5 km
3.1 km
Waterfall
W
4.8 km
B 2.2 km
4.8 km
5.1 km
K
5.1 km
3.1 km
56 50
37
N
5.1 km
3.2 km
5.1 km
Select all of the following that are true. Explain your reasoning.
A.
In DGL, BL is a midsegment.
B.
In DGL, BK is a midsegment.
C.
BK is parallel to DL.
D.
BL is parallel to GK.
E.
The length of BK is half the length of BL.
F.
The length of DL is twice the length of BK.
G.
DL is the shortest side of DGL.
291