UNIVERSITY OF NAIROBI DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL & MANUFACTURING ENGINEERING EME 301: SOLID & STRUCTURAL MECHAN! a RIAL SHEET NO. 2: S OF STRESS AND STRAIN 1. The following stress tensors represent states of stres ata point with reference to Ox, Oy and Or axes through the point O, Make sketches of properly oriented elements around the point. The numerical values are in MN/m# ‘Commment on the state of stress in each ease (whether uniaxial, biaxial, triaxial, pure shear, et.) ) [150 -50 0} b) J30. 015 | 60 300 -50 -70 0, 000 30 100 0 000 18 0 40 a 00 ooso ]s525 30] H Jo 0 0 500 25-20 10 0 65 40 000 30 10 40 Jo 40-35 2. The stress system at a point © can be represented by the following stress tensor with reference to Ox and Oy axes (units in MN/m*). Determine 83 350 55 1000 0 00 8) The principal stresses and their directions, »b) The maximum and minimum shearing stresses and the directions ofthe planes on which they ocour, and ©) The normal and shearing stresses on the plane inclined at 45% to the (ANS 8) 61 = 115.3, 02 -98.3, Op — 15.5° 0 745° b) four 106.8, 88 295*0r 119.5%, 04s = 63.5, te = 91.5) 3. The figure Q.3 represents the state of stress a a point a) Represent the state of stress ata point using the stress tensor notation 'b) Determine the normal and shearing stresses on the inclined plane mm ‘through the point shown inthe eure. ©), Determine the magnitudes ofthe principal stresses and their drcetions relative tothe x-axis, 4) Determine the magnitudes ofthe maximum and minimum shearing stresses and ther directions relative to the x-axis ‘You may use either analytical or graphical methods for your solution, (ANS. b) 0 = 5025 MNim?, =593 MNim? e) 6 = 127.19 MN/m?, (2 = 49.8 MNim", 0) ~ 32.38", ~ 12238", d) aye = 38.69 MN/mnz, 4 = -12.62° and Gu = 7738")a 1 | poz = 72 at sy 5 mag: My = 108 aaln® 4. Ata point on a thin plate, which is loaded vertically, the normal stress on a vertical section is 210 MNim’ andthe sheat stress is 35 MN/m?, The ‘maximum shearing stress in the plane of the plate atthe point is 91 MNim? ‘By sketching the Mohr’s circles of stress forthe point, calculate 1) The magnitudes ofthe principal stresses atthe point and 'b) The normal stress on the horizontal section through the point. (ANS. a)0) = 217 MNim#,o; = 33 MNim? ) Gy = 41 MNim®) 5. For the following rosette data in a) and b) below, determine the values and direction of the principal strains. Caleulate also the values of the principal sresses. The arrangement ofthe strain gauges of the rosettes e) and b) are O"- 45°90" and 0"-60"-120° respectively. Take the material on which the strain _Bauges are fixed to have Young's modulus and Poisson’s ratio of 207 GNin? and 0.33 respectively a) & = 250x104 tay = 160 10° and exp = -50x 10% b) 25 = -100x 10%, eg = 72x 10° and eien = -273 10% (ANS. a) &) ~ 400x104," 62 = -200x 10% and e\ay =-273 x 10° at 30" ‘measured clockwise from 0” axis, b) €; = 98.52x 10%, 2 ~ -299.52 x 10° which is inclined at 19.5° clockwise from 0° axis, 45.4MNim, a; ~ 362 MNim*) rain gauge rosette is used to measure strains at point om the surface (of a loaded structure. The strains measured in the directions °, 120° and 240" are +108 x 10°, +6.4x 10" and +9.0x 10% respectively Determine analytically oF otherwise: 4) The magnitudes ofthe principal strains and their inclinations with reference to the 0” stain gauge, and 1b). The magnitudes ofthe principal stresses. ‘Take the material constants for the structure material to be Young's modulus = 210 GNim" and Poisson's ratio v = 0.3. (ANS. a) 1 = 11.29% 10 a0 = 18" and e; = 618 104 at Os b) 6; = 303 MN/m? and @ = 221 MN/m*) JIKM/FME301/2015.