GUA DE TRABAJO
El Estudiante debe estar enOBJETIVOS
capacidad de:
ESPECFICOS
1.-
PRERREQUISITOS:
Los temas necesarios para esta unidad son:
Manejar los conceptos bsicos de ecuaciones diferenciales ordinarias.
Plantear los modelos matemticos.
Ejemplo 1:
dy
1
y
dx 1 ex
En la ventana de comandos ( Command Window) de Matlab digitar:
y=dsolve('Dy=1/(1+exp(x))y','x')
end
gridon%segraficalacuadricula
Ejemplo 2:
Resolver el problema con condiciones iniciales:
dy
0, 6 0, 2y
dx
y(0) 0
x(2) 4
x=dsolve('25*D2x+10*Dx+226*x=901*cos(3*t)','x(0)=0,x(2)=4')
x=simple(x)
symst
ezplot(x,[06*pi])
holdon
gridon
La solucin es:
x =(cos(3*t)*sin(6) + 30*sin(3*t)*sin(6) + 4*sin(3*t)*exp(2/5 - t/5) - cos(3*t)*exp(t/5)*sin(6) + sin(3*t)*cos(6)*exp(-t/5) - sin(3*t)*cos(6)*exp(2/5 - t/5) 30*sin(3*t)*exp(2/5 - t/5)*sin(6))/sin(6)
Ejemplo 4:
Resolver la ecuacin diferencial con valores iniciales:
x(0) 0
xI (0) 0
%solucinparticulardeEDO
x=dsolve('25*D2x+10*Dx+226*x=901*cos(3*t)','x(0)=0,Dx(0)=0')
x=simple(x)
symst
ezplot(x,[06*pi])
holdon
se obtiene:
x =cos(3*t) + 30*sin(3*t) - cos(3*t)*exp(-t/5) - (451*sin(3*t)*exp(-t/5))/15
y1 (0) 1
y2 y1 y2
y2 (0) 0
Resolviendo en Matlab:
[y1,y2]=dsolve('Dy1=4*y1+2*y2,Dy2=y1+y2','y1(0)=1','y2(0)=0','x')
subplot(2,1,1)%representarlagraficadey1enlaventana1
h=ezplot(y1)
title('soluciny1')
gridon
set(h,'color','m')%graficadey1decolormorado
subplot(2,1,2)%representarlagraficadey2enlaventana2
k=ezplot(y2)
set(k,'color','k')%graficadey2decolornegro
gridon
title('soluciny2')
seobtiene:
y1 =2*exp(3*x) - exp(2*x)
y2 =exp(2*x) - exp(3*x)
y1I y2 y3
y1 (0) 0
y y1 y3
I
2
y2 (0) 1
y3 (0) 1
y 0.51y1 y2
I
3
Y=
0
1.0000
1.0000
0.0317
0.9995
0.9997
0.0633
0.9980
0.9990
0.0949
0.9955
0.9977
0.1263
0.9920
0.9959
0.2324
0.9726
0.9861
0.3345
0.9424
0.9711
0.4310
0.9023
0.9514
0.5209
0.8536
0.9282
0.6070
0.7947
0.9012
0.6842
0.7293
0.8725
0.7521
0.6590
0.8435
0.8110
0.5850
0.8152
0.8719
0.4896
0.7825
0.9200
0.3919
0.7539
0.9560
0.2931
0.7306
0.9810
0.1939
0.7136
0.9972
0.0738
0.7020
0.9989 -0.0464
0.7008
0.9860 -0.1666
0.7100
0.9580 -0.2866
0.7293
0.9041 -0.4275
0.7637
0.8249 -0.5652
0.8080
0.7182 -0.6957
0.8584
0.5829 -0.8125
0.9092
0.4540 -0.8910
0.9460
0.3098 -0.9508
0.9752
0.1542 -0.9881
0.9939
-0.0075 -1.0000
1.0000
-0.1425 -0.9898
0.9948
-0.2736 -0.9619
0.9808
-0.3975 -0.9177
0.9589
-0.5116 -0.8593
0.9309
-0.5984 -0.8013
0.9042
-0.6763 -0.7367
0.8757
-0.7451 -0.6671
0.8468
-0.8048 -0.5936
0.8184
-0.8664 -0.4994
0.7856
-0.9154 -0.4028
0.7568
-0.9524 -0.3050
0.7331
-0.9784 -0.2067
0.7154
-0.9963 -0.0868
0.7028
-0.9995
0.0331
0.7004
-0.9882
0.1530
0.7085
-0.9621
0.2728
0.7266
-0.9105
0.4139
0.7599
-0.8338
0.5522
0.8035
-0.7298
0.6836
0.8534
-0.5972
0.8021
0.9045
-0.4695
0.8830
0.9422
-0.3259
0.9455
0.9726
-0.1703
0.9855
0.9926
-0.0079
1.0001
1.0001
0.1275
0.9920
0.9959
0.2594
0.9659
0.9828
0.3844
0.9233
0.9617
0.4998
0.8663
0.9343
0.5876
0.8093
0.9078
0.6666
0.7456
0.8796
0.7365
0.6766
0.8506
0.7974
0.6037
0.8222
0.8598
0.5109
0.7894
0.9097
0.4156
0.7604
0.9479
0.3190
0.7362
0.9752
0.2218
0.7178
0.9949
0.1022
0.7039
0.9999 -0.0175
0.7002
0.9907 -0.1371
0.7069
0.9666 -0.2567
0.7237
0.9176 -0.3979
0.7556
0.8439 -0.5367
0.7981
0.7431 -0.6692
0.8477
0.6138 -0.7896
0.8989
0.4875 -0.8733
0.9376
0.3445 -0.9390
0.9694
0.1888 -0.9822
0.9910
0.0255 -0.9999
1.0000
-0.1104 -0.9941
0.9970
-0.2432 -0.9702
0.9850
-0.3695 -0.9295
0.9648
-0.4865 -0.8739
0.9379
-0.5472 -0.8373
0.9207
-0.6041 -0.7972
0.9024
-0.6570 -0.7542
0.8833
-0.7058 -0.7087
0.8639
4.- ACTIVIDADES
AC1. Hallar la solucin general de la ecuacin diferencial dada.
yII 25y 0
y(0) 0
yI ( ) 1
5
AC4. Resolver la ecuacin diferencial mediante Matlab y trazar la familia de
soluciones:
dy 1
y
dx 2
AC5. Resolver analticamente y numericamente el sistema de ecuaciones
diferenciales con valores iniciales y graficar las soluciones utilizando Matlab:
du
0.25u 0.75v
dt
dv
2.5u 1.25v
dt
u(0) 0
v(0) 3