Protective Device

Coordination / Selectivity
Sequence-of-Operation
Relay Testing &
Simulation
Relay Test Set Interface
& Equipment

Star - Device Coordination

ARTTS - Relay Testing
& Simulation
intelligent

intuitive

integrated

Power System
Enterprise Solution
ETAP is the most comprehensive analysis platform for the design,
simulation, operation, control, optimization, and automation of
generation, transmission, distribution, and industrial power systems.

Customize ETAP to fit your needs,

from small to large power systems
ETAP Enterprise Suite provides one solution to your power system
design, analysis, and operation needs. ETAP offers a comprehensive
suite of analysis modules that can be configured to suit your specific
needs. This modular approach allows you to purchase only the
modules you need.

Dynamics
& Transients
Transient Stability
Generator Start-Up
Wind Turbine Generator
User-Defined Dynamic Model
Parameter Estimation

Featured in this brochure

Distribution
Unbalanced Load Flow
Optimal Power Flow
Transformer Tap Optimization
Switching Sequence Mgmt.
Reliability Assessment
Optimal Capacitor Placement
GIS Map

Transmission
Line
Line Constants
Line Ampacity
Sag & Tension
HV DC Transmission Link

Monitoring
& Simulation
Advanced Monitoring
Energy Accounting
Real-Time Simulation
Event Playback
Load Forecasting

Star
Protective
Devices
Coordination & Selectivity
Sequence-of-Operation
Relay Test Set Interface

ARTTS
Relay Testing
& Simulation
Relay Test Set Equipment
ETAP Test Set Software

Energy
Management
System
Automatic Generation Control
Economic Dispatch
Supervisory Control
Interchange Scheduling
Reserve Management

Network
Analysis
Short-Circuit ANSI
Short-Circuit IEC
Arc Flash
Load Flow
Motor Acceleration

Cable Systems
Underground Thermal Analysis
Cable Pulling
Cable Ampacity
Cable Sizing

Power Quality
Harmonic Load Flow
Frequency Scan
Harmonic Filters

DC Systems
Load Flow
Short-Circuit
Control System Diagram
Battery Discharge
Battery Sizing

Ground Grid
Systems
Finite Element Method
IEEE 80 & 665 Methods

Panel Systems
Panels ANSI & IEC
Intelligent
Load Shedding
Load Preservation
Load Restoration
Load Shedding Validation
Intelligent
Substation
Substation Automation
Switching Management
Load Management

Data
Exchange
DataX
MS Access & Excel
CAD Interface
e-DPP Interface
SmartPlant Interface

Base
Package
Cable Ampacity & Sizing
Transmission Line Constants
Report Manager
Project Management Wizards
Output Report Comparator
Multi-D Database
Libraries

Star
Device Coordination
Intuitive, Intelligent, Integrated

The Most Comprehensive

Device Protection & Coordination
Analysis Solution
ETAP Star device protection and coordination program
provides an intuitive and logical approach to Time Current
Characteristic (TCC) analysis with features and capabilities
such as graphical user interface, true-to-the-form protective
devices modeling, extensive Verified & Validated (V&V) device
library, embedded analysis modules, and integrated, rulebased design.

Device Coordination & Selectivity

Sequence-of-Operation
Verified & Validated Library
Relay Test Set Interface

Using intelligent one-line diagrams, comprehensive device

libraries, and a three-dimensional database, ETAP Star offers
insight into troubleshooting false trips, relay mis-operation,
and mis-coordination.

Protective Device Coordination & Selectivity

StarView Toolbar

Capabilities

Protective Device Handling

AC & DC coordination

High impedance & percentage differential relay (87)

ANSI & IEC coordination & protection standards

Phase, ground, & directional overcurrent relay (51/50, 67)

Phase & ground coordination modes

Detailed implementation of voltage restraint & control relay (51V)

Graphically adjustable device settings

Comprehensive modeling of electronic & hydraulic reclosers (79)

Comprehensive V&V device libraries

Overload relay - CT based & Inline relays (49)

Integrated with one-line diagram

Comprehensive relay interlocks

Intelligent alert view for troubleshooting

Embedded short circuit analysis
Embedded motor acceleration analysis
Modeling of multi-function & multi-level relays
Virtual animation of sequence-of-operation playback
Normalized plots shifted based on fault contributions
Flexible user-definable display & plot options
Extensive damage curve modeling & plotting
Professional time current characteristic plots
Detailed device setting reports
Built-in interface with relay test set

Star - Device Coordination / Selectivity

One Action Resulting in a Complete Solution

Features
Illustrate system wide coordination

User-definable curves & fault arrows

Click & drag curves to adjust settings

Transformer damage curve & inrush curve modeling

Automatic current & voltage scaling

Generator decrement & damage curves

Customizable TCC curve layout with embedded one-line

diagram

Multiple motor starting curves based on starting voltage

Automatic layout of the one-line diagram in Star TCC View

Integration of short circuit analysis with protective devices

Automatic clipping of curve based on calculated or userdefined fault current

Motor starting curves based on motor acceleration studies

Minimum fault calculation & TCC marker

Integration of arc flash analysis results on Star TCC View

Multi-axis time current curves

Comprehensive print functionality, legends, & device

labeling

Automated color sequencing of curves

Batch print TCC plots & diagrams for various paper sizes

Graphical curve tracker with cross lines & time gap tools

Graphical printing & plotting

Time difference calculator

Customizable reports

Motor & stator damage curves

Adjustable magnifying-glass zoom view

Benefits
Enables system engineers to easily & efficiently perform
protective device coordination studies
Provide an accurate & realistic operating characteristic,
time, & state of protective devices
Offers insight into troubleshooting false trips, relay misoperation, & mis-coordination

Intelligent Alert View

With ETAP Star you can troubleshoot your device coordination
studies for any Star View. The Alert View button on the Star
View provides a summary of alerts or messages (low priority
alerts) that provides hints as to how and why a particular
device curve is not being displayed or missing information
regarding a device.

Aids system engineers & planners to quickly realize

possible design issues & make informed decisions

Star Alert View

Graphical Adjustment
Device curves can be graphically adjusted in the Star View.
Handles are provided on the device characteristic curves to
identify adjustable regions. Available ranges for a selected
curve can be displayed and identified by clicking the Hide/
Show Range button. The available ranges are grayed out
when an adjustable curve is selected.

Star Plot Options

Star Plot Options tool provides all the necessary options
to customize the display of the Star TCC curve. You can
customize the display of current and time axes, legend, grid,
curve plotting properties, and more.

Graphical Adjustment of Curves

Zoom to New Window

Star - Device Coordination / Selectivity

Fully Integrated Module

Integration of Arc Flash Analysis
& Star View
ETAP Arc Flash is a fully integrated module that takes
advantage of all the capabilities already built into Star. The
program calculates the individual arcing current contributions
and arc fault clearing time of all the protective devices
involved in the arc fault by interfacing with Star.
The calculated and allowable incident energy curves can be
plotted in Star View as a function of time and current.

TCC and Arc Flash Results

Generator Decrement Curve

Star provides plotting of the generator decrement curve and
display both the symmetrical and asymmetrical decrement
curve based on generator no-load or full-load conditions.
Excitation system field forcing capability, used to speed
up the response of the generator, is also considered when
plotting the generator decrement curve.

Generator Decrement Curve

Multiple Motor Starting &

Damage Curves
A motor starting curve can be plotted on a Star view for
the purpose of determining overload settings for motor
protection devices. Constant Terminal Voltage can be used
to plot the motor starting curve based on a constant voltage
at the motor terminal.

Motor Starting / Damage Curve

The motor curves have been enhanced by including stator

damage curve or running overload curve into Star. Stator
curves can be plotted based on multiples of machine fullload amps or actual amp values.

Device Setting Report

Star Device Coordination Reports Manager provides
comprehensive and customizable device setting reports. The
manager allows you to preview and print the protective device
setting data, using the Crystal Reports formats.

Device Setting Report: Customize reports and export to Microsoft Excel

Star - Device Coordination / Selectivity

Sequence-of-Operation
Star Sequence-of-Operation evaluates, verifies, and confirms
the operation and selectivity of the protective devices for
various types of faults for any location directly from the oneline diagram and via normalized TCC curve views.
Sequence-of-Operation provides a system wide solution
for an accurate and realistic operating time and state of
protective devices, such as relay, fuse, circuit breaker, trip
devices, contactor, etc. The operation time is calculated for
each protective device based on its settings, time current
characteristic, and interlocks for a specified fault location
and type.

Functionalities
User-definable fault insertion location
View device operation sequence graphically
Device failure & backup operation
Detailed relay actions (27, 49, 50, 51, 51V, 59, 67, 79, 87)
Sequence of event viewer
Normalized (shifted) TCC curves
Phase & Ground faults (symmetrical & asymmetrical)
Flashing protective device via the one-line diagram

Drag & Drop a Fault

Phase & ground faults
Display fault currents on the one-line diagram
Illustrate system wide coordination
Tabulate operating times via an event viewer
Customizable reports

Star Protective Device Sequence-of-Operation

Drag and Drop Faults

10

Graphical Animation of
Protective Device Operation
Normalized TCC Curve
Normalized (Shifted) TCC mode is an analysis feature in
ETAP Star View which is based on Sequence-of-Operation
calculation. This analysis mode provides a graphical view
of the operation times of protective devices based on their
corresponding settings and characteristics for specified
fault location and type. Normalized TCC mode graphically
displays the TCC curves of protective devices in relation to
one and another for a given fault.

Graphical Animation of Protective Device Operation

Coordinate via One-Line Diagram

Graphically place a fault anywhere on the one-line diagram
Automatically calculate & display the fault current
contributions on the one-line diagram
Evaluate the operating time & state of devices based on
the actual fault current contribution flowing through each
individual device
Graphical animation of protective device operation
Globally view post fault actions & associated operating time
via a tabulated event viewer
Examine the operation of protective devices via the one-line
diagram

Normalized Time Current Characteristic Curve

Sequence of Event Viewer

The sequence of operation of protective devices are
automatically calculated and listed in an Event Viewer,
which is dynamically linked with the one-line diagram. This
one-step concept utilizes the intelligent one-line diagram
and performs a complete set of actions to determine the
operation of all protective devices. This includes internal
shifting (normalizing) of each TCC curve based on the
individual fault contribution level.

Star - Device Coordination / Selectivity

11

Verified & Validated Device Libraries

Extensive Protective Device Library
Library copy & merge manager
Most comprehensive & up-to-date protective device information
Verified & validated libraries using published manufacturer data
User-definable libraries easily create & add new devices
Digitalization points & equation based relays
True-to-the-form modeling of protective devices
Legacy as well as state-of-the-art device manufacturer models
Customized library user curve library

Protective Device Libraries

Fuse
Relay (OCR, OLR, DIF)
Recloser
Electronic Controller
HV Circuit Breaker
LV Circuit Breaker
Solid State Trip
Electro-Mechnical
Thermal Magnetic
Motor Circuit Protector
Overload Heater
12

Library Merge
ETAP allows merging of library files using the copy and merge
functions. The merge function allows you to merge a partial or
complete library file from one library to another library, making
it simple to manage the library content from various library files.

Library Checker: Track and verify library changes

Library Checker
The checker access level is provided for verification of
changes to project engineering properties and libraries
data. This allows for control and validation of library data.

Library Merge Manager

Accuracy and Reliability

ETAP is the only high-impact electrical engineering software to comply with widely accepted and firmly
established quality standards and regulations. Every release of ETAP is verified and validated (V&V) against
field results, real system measurements, established programs, and hand calculations in order to ensure its
technical accuracy. The V&V process includes the entire ETAP Library including the device libraries.

Star - Device Coordination / Selectivity

13

Advanced Relay Testing

& Transient Simulator
Precise, Flexible, Accurate

Fully Integrated Hardware &

Software Relay Testing Solution
The ETAP Advanced Relay Testing and Transient Simulator
(ARTTS) is a new concept that utilizes hardware and software
technologies for testing, calibrating, and simulating relays.
ETAP ARTTS combines the short-circuit and protection
device coordination capabilities of ETAP with the relay testing
hardware. It provides actual steady-state and transient
responses of relays for comparisons with the manufacturers
published data. ARTTS is designed to improve system
protection, coordination, and reliability, hence decreasing
operational and maintenance costs.

Relay Test Set Equipment

Relay Test Set Software
Test, Simulate, & Calibrate Relays,
Meters, & Transducers
Manual & Fully Automatic Testing
Click & Test Feature for Quick Testing
Playback Transients from Fault Studies
& Recorders
Export to Comtrade Format

14

Testing, Calibrating, & Simulating Relays

Bridge Between Relay-Testing Hardware
& Power System Simulation Technology
ARTTS provides the bridge between the relay-testing hardware
and power system simulation technology. While ETAP Star provides
a revolutionary method of analyzing and simulating the protective
device coordination and protection view via an intelligent one-line
diagram, ETAP ARTTS determines the actual operation of protective
relays based on steady-state and dynamic transient waveforms and
compares the captured relay response with that of manufacturer
published curves.

Relay Test Set Interface

Fully integrated protective relay historical testing & maintenance
database with ETAP Star
Export short circuit data, relays settings to relay test set
Plot device steady-state response
Compare relay response with manufacturer published data
Analyze deviation from nominal values
Display relay actual transient response
Analyze relay false trips & mis-operation
Comtrade export of time domain fault currents & voltages
Test Results Comparison: Compare test results
with published curves

ARTTS - Relay Testing & Simulation

15

Relay Actual Response

Steady-State Response
ETAP Star exports the relay settings and parameters to
ARTTS for current injection into the relay. Based on the
required range of the overcurrent and/or fault current, the
relay test set then injects multiple currents (single-phase or
three-phase) into the relay in order to reconstruct the relay
TCC curve based on the actual relay response. The relay
test points are then imported to ETAP Star for plotting and
comparison with the manufacturer published data.

Relay Steady-State Response

Relay Steady-State Response

Transient Response
The ability to simulate relay response under steady-state
and transient conditions during both fault and normal
system operating conditions provides the necessary tools
for protection engineers and technicians to confidently
determine and evaluate the design and operation of
protection system. Steady-state fault current provides only
a snapshot operation of the relay based on sustained
current. Transient fault simulation is necessary to
determine the actual response time of the relay based on
the distributed through fault containing AC and DC decay
current.
Relay Transient Response

16

The waveforms are generated from ETAP and are

pragmatically played into the relay through ARTTS.
This allows for verification of the relay operation under
conditions matching actual system faults. By comparing
these sets of curves, Star visually indicates the
discrepancies and deviation between the actual (field
setting) versus design (intended / ideal) device response
characteristics.

ARTTS Software Modules

Integrated Software
ARTTS software is an advanced control software program for
accessing all functions of the Automatic Relay Testing and
Transient Simulator. This powerful software can be used for
manual and fully automatic testing of protective relays, energy
meters, and transducers.
The ARTTS software modules are extremely easy to use with
intuitive graphical user interface and realistic representations of
panel control and vector quantities. The ARTTS Wizard allows the
user to easily and quickly select the most appropriate software
program for the required application. The Click and Test feature
of the software makes relay testing more efficient and saves test
time. Test sequences can be created and customized using the
Sequence editor. Test results can be saved and customized using
the report manager to suit user output requirements.

ARTTS Software: Virtual front panel

Features
Intuitive graphical user interface
Virtual front panel control
Graphical vector control
Ramp test with ability to sequence tests for ramping any
parameter up or down at the same time
Threshold test for automatic determination of thresholds
(current, voltage, frequency, & phase angle)
Rate of change (gradient) tests for frequency, voltage, current,
phase-angle, & Vdc (Dx / Dt)
Sequence editor
Test of distance relays with direct import of relay characteristic
with RIO format
Test of distance relays with simulation of all types of faults:
single-phase, two-phase, two-phase-to-ground, & three-phase
Report manager for test report customization
Export results in Windows application formats

ARTTS - Relay Testing & Simulation

17

ARTTS-6

Test Any Protective Relays

Relay Type

IEEE No.

Distance Relay

21

Synchronizing Device

25

Under/Over-Voltage Relay

27/59

Directional Power Relay

32

Field Relay

40

Capabilities

Reverse Phase Current Relay

46

Multi-tasking capability designed for testing protective

relays, energy meters, & transducers

Phase Sequence Voltage Relay

47

Incomplete Sequence Relay

48

Instantaneous Overcurrent Relay

50

Inverse Time Overcurrent Relay

51

Playback transient signals from ETAP fault simulation,

digital-fault recorders, & numerical relays

Power Factor Relay

55

Voltage Balance Relay

60

High accuracy - typically .02%; 0.1% guaranteed

Ground Detector Relay

64

Relay settings validation

Directional Overcurrent Relay

67

Advanced software program for manual & fully automatic

testing

Phase Angle Out-of-Step Relay

78

Automatic Reclosing Relay

79

Realistic representation of panel control & vector

quantities

Frequency Relay

81

Pilot Wire Receiver Relay

85

Click & Test feature for efficient, quick testing

Lockout Relay

86

Differential Protection Relay

87

Voltage Directional Relay

91

Power Directional Relay

92

Tripping Relay

94

Test 24 different relay types

Two-way synchronized data exchange

Intuitive graphical user interface
Virtual front panel control
Graphical vector control
Up to nine currents & seven voltages outputs plus auxiliary
DC supply
Customizable test report format
Self-calibrating capability

18

Distance Relay Test Module

Automatic Relay Test Set

AC/DC Current Outputs
Six independent current sources with a common neutral
Independent adjustment of current outputs
Continuous duty cycle
28 bit waveform resolution
Capable of stepping or ramping the current
Programmable rate of change ( 0.001 A/s to 999 A/s)

RANGE
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13

6X
6X
6X
3X
3X
3X
3X
3X
3X
3X
2X
1X
1X

CONNECTION

CURRENT
A

DIRECT
DIRECT
DIRECT
DIRECT
DIRECT
DIRECT
2 IN PARALLEL
2 IN PARALLEL
2 IN PARALLEL
2 IN SERIES
3 IN PARALLEL
6 IN PARALLEL
2 SERIES OF +2 IN PARALLEL

0-15
0-1.5
0-0.15
0-15
0-1.5
0-0.15
0-30
0-3
0-0.3
0-15
0-45
0-90
0-30

CONNECTION

VOLTAGE
V
0-125
0-12.5
0-1
0-250
0-125

POWER
VA

ZMAX
Ohm

RESOLUTION

160
240
480

0.35
0.35
0.35
0.44
0.44
0.44
0.18
0.18
0.18
0.71
0.12
0.06
0.35

230 A
23 A
2 A
230 A
23 A
2 A
460 A
46 A
5 A
230 A
690 A
1.38 mA
460 A

POWER
VA

ZMAX
Ohm

RESOLUTION

195
195
195
390
97

1.9 mV
190 V
19 V
3.8 mV
1.9 mV

80
100
160

Current accuracy: 0.1% of the value, 0.02% of the range

0.1% total maximum distortion
Automatic protection for overload conditions

AC/DC Voltage Outputs

Four independent voltage sources with a common neutral
Independent adjustment of voltage outputs
Continuous duty cycle
28 bit waveform resolution
Stepping or ramping output voltage
Programmable rate of change ( 0.001 V/s to 999 V/s)

RANGE
1
2
3
4
5

4X
3X
3X
1X
1X

DIRECT
DIRECT
DIRECT
2 IN SERIES
2 IN PARALLEL

1
2
3
4
5

4X
3X
3X
1X
1X

DIRECT
DIRECT
DIRECT
2 IN SERIES
2 IN PARALLEL

80
160
160

OPTIONAL 300 V OUTPUT

0-300
0-125
0-12.5
0-600
0-300

80
80
160
160

1125
195
195
390
97

4.6 mV
1.9 V
190 V
9.2 mV
4.6 mV

Voltage accuracy: 0.1% of the value, 0.02% of the range

0.1% total maximum distortion
Automatic protection for overloads & counter-feed
Fourth voltage output

Specifications
Multi-tasking automatic test set designed for testing
protection relays, energy meters, & transducers.
Output: 6 x 15A (80 VA) , 4 x 300V (80 VA), 1 x 260 VDC
High accuracy: 0,1%, 0.05% (HP)
Analog measurement inputs
IEC 61850 protocol interface
USB & RS232 port
Controlled by laptop PC or local control by PDA
Lightweight: 18 kg (39.7 lb)

Voltage and Current I/O Configuration

ARTTS - Relay Testing & Simulation

19

etap.com
Quality Assurance Commitment
ETAP is Verified and Validated (V&V) against field results, real system measurements, established programs, and hand calculations to ensure its technical accuracy.
Each release of ETAP undergoes a complete V&V process using thousands of test cases for each and every calculation module. ETAP Quality Assurance program is
specifically dedicated to meeting the requirements of:
ISO 9001:2000

10 CFR 21

ASME NQA-1

CAN/CSA-Q396.1.2

10 CFR 50 Appendix B

ANSI/ASME N45.2

ANSI/IEEE 730.1

ANSI N45.22

2008 Operation Technology, Inc. All rights reserved. Certain names and/or logos used in this document may constitute trademarks, service marks, or trade names of Operation Technology, Inc.
Other brand and product names are trademarks of their respective holders.

Operation Technology, Inc. | 17 Goodyear, Suite 100 | Irvine, CA 92618 | T 800.477.ETAP | T 949.462.0100 | F 949.462.0200 | info@etap.com