OCR Maths FP1

Topic Questions from Papers

Roots of Polynomial Equations

PhysicsAndMathsTutor.com

PMT
18
2

7
9
3

9
8
24

PMT

Express
(1 + 8i)(2
i) in the
the unit
formsquare
x + iyand
, showing
clearly
how
obtain yourrepresented
answer.
(i) Draw
a diagram
showing
its image
under
theyou
transformation
by[2]
T.
[3]
PhysicsAndMathsTutor.com
1 + 8i
in the form x + iy.
(ii) Hence express
[3]
2 + irepresented by matrix T is equivalent to a transformation A, followed by a
(ii) The transformation
(a) The quadratic equation x2 2x + 4 = 0 has roots A and B .
transformation B. Give geometrical descriptions of possible transformations A and B, and state
the
that represent
[6]
(i)matrices
Write down
the valuesthem.
of nA + B and AB
[2]
3.

Prove by induction that,

for n 1, r 2 = 16 n(n + 1)(2n + 1).
(ii) Show that A 2 + B 2 = 4.
2 0
The matrix A is1given1by A = !2 r=1".
0equation
1.
(i) Show
that find
a quadratic
=
(iii) Hence
which has roots A 2 and B 2 .
r r + 2 r (r + 2)
2 1 3
(i) Find A2 and A3 .
(b)
The cubic
equation
x3 12in
x2terms
+ ax 48
0 has roots p, 2p and 3p.
(ii) matrix
Hence
find
expression,
n,=for
1 2 of
1 ".
The
M
is an
given
by M = !
1 for
1 the
3 matrix An .
(ii) Hence
suggest
a suitable
(i) Find
the value
of p. form
2
2
2
+
+ ... +
.
.4 to part (ii)
n(is
n+
2)
(ii) induction
Hence
findto
a. 3 answer
(i) Find
the value
ofthe
thevalue
determinant
of2M
(iii)
Use
prove
thatof1your
correct.

[5]
[2]

[2]
[3]

[3]

[1]
[2]
[5]
[2]
[3]
[4]
(Q8, June 2005)
(ii) State, giving a brief reason, whether M is singular or non-singular.
[1]
(iii) Hence find the value of
a 4
2
(i) Write down the matrix C which
represents
a stretch, scale factor 2, in the x-direction.
[2]
a
0
1
The matrixM is given
by
M
=
#
$.
2
(a) substitution x ,= u + 2 to find
[1]
1 12 31
Use
the
value of
thethe
realgeometrical
root of the transformation
equation
(ii) The matrix
$. Describe
fully
represented
r (rD+is2)given by D = # the exact
0
1
r=1
(i) by
Find,
terms of a, the determinant
[3]
D. in
[2]
x3 6of
x2M
+ .12x 13 = 0.
[5]

2
. of a for which M is singular.
[2]
(Q4,
2006)
(ii) (b)
Hence
findr(the
values
[3]
(iii)
The
matrix
M
the combined effect of the transformation represented by
C Jan
followed
r +represents
2)
r=n+1
by the transformation represented by D. Show
2 that
n
n whether the simultaneous equations
(iii) State, giving a brief reason
inneach
case,
Use the standard results for r, r 2 and r23 to3show that, for all positive integers n,
4+ 4=y1#+ 2! =$3.a, 1
1
[2]
The roots
of the
equation
r=1 by
r=1A =ax
r=1 "0and
matrices
A and
B are given
!M
B=!
".
1
0 2
0 1
1, = 0
n
x3 x9+x2ay
+ 27x =29
3
2
(8
r

6
r
+
2
r
)
=
2
n3 (n + 1).
[6]
(i) Find A + 3B.
[2]

n x + 2ny + ! = 3,
2
3(2

1)
are denoted by , and , where
nr=1 is real and and are complex.
(iv) Prove by induction that M = #
$, for all positive integers n.
[6]
0
1
have any solutions when
(ii) Show that A B = kI, where I is the identity matrix and k is a constant whose value should be
(i) Write down the value of + + .
[1]
stated.
[2]
(a) a = 3,
1 2 q > 0. Find the value of p, in terms of .
(ii) matrix
It
=byp C
+ i=q,#where
[4]
(b)is given
aC
= is
2.that
The
given
$.
3 8
[4]
The transformation S is a shear parallel to the x-axis in which the image of the point (1, 1) is the
(iii) Write down the value of .
[1]
(0, 1).
point
(i) Find
C1 .
[2]

5
310
1

6
2

(i) Find
Use the
(iv)
the method
value ofofq,differences
in terms ofto
show
only. that
(i) Draw a diagram showing the image
square under S.
2 of
1 the unit 1
(ii) Given that C = AB, where An = #
$, find B .
1 3
%(r + 1)3S.
r3 & = (n + 1)3 1.
(ii) Write down the matrix that
represents
r=1

7
43

(a) The complex number 3 + 2i is denoted by w and the complex conjugate of w is denoted by w .
2
3
One
root
the(quadratic
(ii) Find
Showofthat
r + 1)3 requation
3r2 +x3r++px
1. + q = 0, where p and q are real, is the complex number
[2]
2 3i.
4725/S05
n
(i) the modulus of w,
[1]
(iii)
Use
the
results
in
parts
(i)
and
(ii)
and
the
standard
result
for
r
to
show
that
to 2 decimal places.
(i) Write
down
the other
root.
[1]
, giving your answer in radians, correct
(ii) the
argument
of w
[3]
n
(ii) Find the values of p and q.
= 3 + 2i.
2
(b) Find the complex number u given
3
rthat
= u1 n+(n2u+ 1)(2
n + 1).

r=1

510

r=1

(c) Sketch, on an Argand diagram,

then locus given by |$ + 1| = |$|.
n
3
Use the standard results for r and r2 to show that, for all positive integers n,
r=1

[4]
[4]
[6]
(Q3, June 2006)
[2]

r=1

The cubic equation x3 2x2 + 3x + 4 = 0 has roots , and .

(i)

[5]
[2]
[5]
(Q10, Jan 2006)
[2]
[2]

4725/Jan06

r=1

4725/Jan06

3
2
1
n(n + 1)(n + 2)(3n + 1).
12 + + and .
Write down the values
of (r ++r+)=,

[5]
[3]

The cubic equation x3 + px2 + 10x + q = 0, where p and q are constants, has roots + 1, + 1 and
+ 1.
The complex numbers 3 2i and 2 + i are denoted by " and w respectively. Find, giving your answers
of showing
p.
[3]
x +value
iy and
clearly how you obtain these answers,
in(ii)
theFind
formthe
(i) 2"
3the
w, value of q.
(iii)
Find
(ii) (i")2 ,

"

[2]
[5]

(Q10, June 2006)

[3]
4725/S06

67

(ii)
Hencedown
find an
n,. for
(i) Write
theexpression,
values of in+terms
andof

PMT

PMT

1 1
1
1
+ +
+ ... +
.
2 6 12
n(n + 1)

(ii) Show that 2 + 2 = 5.

PMT

PMT

(i) Hence
Show that
(ii)
prove by induction that each term of the sequence is divisible by 2.
[5]
1
1
1
PhysicsAndMathsTutor.com

=
.
[1]
r r + 1 r(r + 1)
The quadratic equation x2 + 5x + 10 = 0 has roots and .

(iii) Hence find a quadratic equation

which has roots and .

4 11
(iii)
Hence
find
the
value
of
.
The matrix A is given by A = ! r(r"+and
I is the 2 2 identity matrix. Find
5 2 1)

r=n+1

(i) A 3I,

76

[2]
[3]
[2]

[4]

(Q7, Jan 2007)

[3]
[2]

(ii) cubic
A1 . equation 3x3 9x2 + 6x + 2 = 0 has roots
2
The
, and .

[2]

Jan07
The
S isthe
a shear
invariant
(i.e.
shear
parallel to the y-axis). It is given
(i) transformation
(a) Write down
valueswith
of the
+ y-axis
+ 4725/01
and
+
+ a
.
[2]
The
complex
number
3
+
4i
is
denoted
by
a
.
that the image of the point (1,2 1) is2 the 2point (1,30).
(b) Find the value of + + .
[2]
(i) Draw
Find | aa |diagram
and arg ashowing
.
[2]
(i)
the
[2]
a image
3 of the unit square under the transformation S.
The matrix A is given by A = ! 1 ".
7
1 find a cubic equation in u with integer coefficients.
(ii) (a) Use the substitution x 2
= to
[2]
u
(ii) Write
Sketchdown
on a single
Argand
theS.loci given by
(ii)
the matrix
thatdiagram
represents
[2]
(i) Given that A is singular, find a.
[2]
1
1
1
|# a
| = |answer
(a) Use
a |,
[2]
(b)
your
to part (ii) (a) to find the value of + + .
[2]

n
(b) arg(#
23)that
= arg
a. non-singular,
[3]
(ii) Given
instead
A is
find A1 and hence solve the simultaneous(Q6,
equations
June 2007)
2
2
Given that (ar + b) n(2n + 3n 2), find the values of the constants a and b.
[5]
r=1
ax + 3y = 1,
1
1
r
2x + y = 1.
[5]
.
[2]
3
(i) Show that

=
r
!
(
r
+
1)!
(
r
+
1)!
OCR 2007
4725/01 Jun07
83
The cubic equation 2x3 3x2 + 24x + 7 = 0 has
roots , and .

1
2

OCR 2007

(ii) Hence find an expression, in terms of n, for

1 defined by u = 1 and u
The sequence u1 , u2 , u3 , . . . is
= un + 2n + 1.
1 equation nin
+1u with
(i) Use the substitution x = to find a cubic
integer coefficients.
2
3
n
u 1
.
+
+
+ ... +
(i) Show that u4 = 16.
2! 3! 4!
(n + 1)!
1
1
1
(ii) Hence, or otherwise, find the value of
+
+
.
(ii) Hence suggest an expression for u .
n

4
4

99

5
7
10

5
106

[2]
[4]
[2]
[2]
[1]
(Q3, Jan 2008)

3 1
(iii)
Use induction
to prove
(ii) is correct.
[4]
The matrix
A is given
by A =that
! your".answer
Prove to
bypart
induction
that, for n 1,
The complex number 3 4i is denoted
by #. Giving your answers in the form x + iy, and showing
0 1
clearly how you obtain them, find
3n 12 (3n 1)
n
3
3
3
A
=
#
$.
[6]
(i)
Show
that

=
(

+ ).
[2]
*
(i) 2# + 5# ,
[2]
0
1
(ii) The
(# quadratic
i)2 ,
[3]
(ii)
equation x2 5x + 7 = 0 has roots and . Find a quadratic equation with roots

3
3

[6]
3 and .
3
(iii) n.
[3]
#
(Q9, Jan 2008)
Find r2fully
(r the
1), expressing
answer in a represented
fully factorised
form.
[6]
Describe
geometricalyour
transformation
by each
of the following matrices:
r=1
2
1
1
3r + 4
(i) Show
[2]
6 0that r r + 1 r + 2 = r(r + 1)(r3+ 2) .
4
(i) !
",
[1]
0 6 A, B and C are given by A = ! 1 ", B = ! 0 " and C = (2 4 1). Find
The matrices
The
equation x3 + ax2 + bx + c = 0, where a, b and3c are real, has roots (3 + i) and 2.
(ii) cubic
Hence
0 1 find an expression, in terms of n, 2for
(ii) !
",
[2]
1 40B,
n
(i) A
[2]
Write
down the other root of the equation.3r + 4
[1]
.
[6]
1 0
r (r + 1)(r + 2)
(iii)
! , ",
[2]
(ii) BC
[4]
r
=1
0 the
6 values of a, b and c.
(ii) Find
[6]
(iii) CA0.8
.
[2]
(Q6, June 2008)
0.6
(iv) !
".
[2]

0.6 0.8
3r + 4
(iii) Hence write down the value of
.
[1]
r (r + 1)(r + 2)
The loci C and C are given by

118

r=1

The quadratic equation

x + kx + 2k = 0, where k is a non-zero1constant, has roots and . Find a

4i|
and
arg # = 6
4 = |#
3r +|#|
7
[7]
quadratic
with roots and = . , find the value of N .
(iv) Givenequation
that
[4]
respectively. r=N +1 r (r + 1)(r + 2) 10
(Q8, June 2008)
2

(i) Sketch, on a single Argand diagram, the loci C1 and C2 .

(i) Use an algebraic method to find the square roots of the complex number 5 + 12i.

[5]
[5]

PMT

PMT

PMT

r=101

2
128
21
3
2
31

134
2
43

1454
1
3
6
10
64
5

152
5

3
6
166

3
PhysicsAndMathsTutor.com
3 02
5 0
The matrices A and B are given by A = !
" and B = !
" and I is the 2 2 identity matrix.
0 2
(i) Show that ( )2 ( + )2 n 4 .0 1
[2]
1
3
0
5+I2. )0.
a
and
b
for
which
a
A
+
b
B
=
[4]
Find
the
values
of
the
constants
Prove
by
induction
that,
for
n

1,
r
(
r
+
1
)
=
n
(
n
+
1
)(
n
[5]

The matrices A and B are given by A = !

"3 and B = !
" and I is the 2 2 identity matrix.
0 1
0 2
r2=1
2
The quadratic equation x 6kx + k = 0, where k is a positive constant, has roots and , with > .
[4]
Find the values of the constants a and b for which
2 aA + bB = I.

The
complex
numbers
"
and
w
are
given
by
"
=
5

2i
and
w
=
3
+
7i.
Giving
your
answers
in
the
(ii) Show that = 4 2 k.
[4]
5
3 0
x + iy and
showing
clearly
howby
obtain
them,
find
form
a
2you
The
matrices
A
,
B
and
C
are
given
A
=
(
1

4
)
,
B
=
!
"
and
C
=
!
"
.
Find
The complex
matrix A numbers
is given by
A =w! are given
" and I "is =the
2
identity
2 2your answers in the
3w = 3matrix.
The
" and
5
2i2and
+ 7i. Giving
3 4 with by
Hence
find
a quadratic equation
roots + 1 and 1.
[4]
(iii)
(i)
4"

3
w
,
[2]
form x + iy and showing clearly how you obtain them, find
(Q8, Jan 2009)
(i) Find
AB
[2]
*w,. A 4I.
(i)
(ii)
"4"
[2]
(i)
3w,
[2]
1
1
4
C. A is singular,
[4]
(ii)
BA
(i) "Show
that

= 2 value of.a.
[2]
*w. 4
Given
that
[3]
(ii)
[2]
2r 3 2r + 1find 4the
r 4r 3
1 1
The roots of the quadratic equation x2 + x 8 = 0 are p and q. Find the value of p + q + + . [4]
find an expression, in terms of n, for
(ii) Hence
p q
n
3
2
1 1
The
cubic
equation
2
x
+
3
x

3
=
0
has
roots

and

.
2
Findroots
r the
1) quadratic
, expressing
your answer
[6]
(2of
The
equation
x + xn in8a=fully
0 arefactorised
p and q. form.
Find the value of p + q(Q4,
+ +June
. 2009)
[4]
4
r=1
p q
.
[[3]
6]
(i) cubic
Use the
substitution
find
a 4cubic
2
The
equation
x3 + 5xx2=+u7=10tohas
roots
, 4equation
r
rand
3 . in u with integer coefficients.

r=2

are 1given
3 a and
2 b
The
complex
numbers
by
7
6i and
1 3i. Showing clearly how you obtain
Hence
find
thexvalue
+aroots
1cubic
)(a =
+2
1)+. and
[2]
(ii)
The
equation
+ 5xxof
=to0)(
has
,equation
.inb u= with
(i) cubic
Use
the
substitution
=+(7u+
find
integer coefficients.
[3]

your answers, find

4
4
2. 2 a2 cubic
(iii)
Show
that
=
[1]
2ua
2 find
2
(i)
Use
the
substitution
x
=
to
u withmatrix.
integer coefficients.
[3]
2
The
is the
given
! +
"and
the
2 in
identity
(ii)
Hence
find
+ I 2is equation
. 2
[2]
(i) matrix
| a 2bA
| and
arg
2of
), 3
[4]
34equation
4value
r(aby
satisfies
4A
rb=

*
The complex number
#
the
#
+
2i
#
=
12
+
9i.
Find
#
,
giving
your
answer
in
the
3
r=2
form
[5]
bx + iy. find the value of 2 2 + 2 2 + 2 2 .
(ii)
Hence
[2]
(ii)
, giving
your
answer in the form x + iy.
[3]
(i) Find
A

4
I
.
[2]
a
June 2009)
The complex
number 3 3i is denoted by a.
(Q5,
(i) Use an algebraic method to find the square roots of the complex number 2 + i 5. Give your
n
Given
that
A isform
singular,
the value
of a. exact real numbers.
[3]
(ii) answers
x3i+isiyfind
, where
and
[6]
in
The
number
denoted
a. y are
(i) complex
Find
arg
[2]
Find
+| and
1)(the
rthe
2a
)3.,
expressing
yourxbyanswer
in a fully
[6]
r(|radown
(a) Write
matrix
that represents
a reflection
in factorised
the line y =form.
x.
[2]
r=1
Hence
the
iy wherethe
x and
y are exact
real numbers, the roots of the equation [2]
(ii)
(i) Sketch
Find
| afind,
|on
and
arg
a. form x +diagram
a in
single
loci
by
(ii)
The
cubic
equation
2
x3 Argand
+ 3x 3 = 0 transformation
has roots
, given
and
.
Describe
fully
the
geometrical
represented
by each of the following matrices:
(b)

4
2
%

4%
+
9
=
0.
[[3]
4]
|" 5
3 2,Argand diagram the loci given by 0 1
Sketch
onaa|0=
single
(ii) (a)
transformation
T
is
represented
by
the
matrix
!
"
.
Give
a
geometrical
description
(i) The
Use
the
substitution
x
=
u

1
to
find
a
cubic
equation
in
u
with
integer
coefficients.
[3]
(i) !
",
[2]
1
0
0
1 1
(b)
arg("
[3]
(a)
|"
a | =a)3 =2,4 .
[2]
of
T.
(iii)
an Argand diagram, the roots of the equation in part (ii).
[1]
1 the 1value of ( + 1)( + 1)( + 1).
Hence on
find
[2]
(ii) Show,
2
2 3
1
(b)
arg("

a
)
=

.
[3]
!
"
.
[2]
(ii)

(iii)
Indicate,
by
shading,
the
region
of
the
Argand
diagram
for
which
T is equivalent to a reflection in the line y = x1 followed
byJan
another
(ii) The transformation
(Q2,
2010)
14
(iv) Given that
12
3 is the
2 root of the equation in part (ii) such that 0 < arg < 2 , sketch on the same

transformation S. Give a geometrical

description of S and find
the matrix that represents S. [4]
1
* = 12
|% and
Argand
#| =+0|%|.
[3]
Argand diagram
the
locus
given
by2the
The complex
number
# satisfies
equation
2i
#arg("
+)9i.
Find
|" region
a
|the
3of
diagram
for
a

. #, giving your answer in [the

3]
(iii)
Indicate,
by
shading,
the
which
4
form x + iy.
[5]

diagram
the
loci 0given
by a) 1 .
(i) Sketch on a single Argand
|"

a
|
and

arg("
[
3]
3 3 22
One root of the cubic equation x + px + 6x + q = 0, where p and4 q are real, is the complex number

|$ 3 + 4i | = 5,
[2]
5 i.(a)
n the method of differences to show that
(i) Use
Find (b)
r + =1)(
your answer in a fully factorised form.
[6]
r(|$|
|$r62|). , expressing
[2]
n equation.
(i) Find
[3]
r=1 the real root of the cubic
(i) Use the method of differences to show4 that4
4
1) r } = (n + 1) 1.
[2]
{(rof+ the
Indicate,
by shading,
the qregion
Argand diagram for which
(ii) Find
n
the values
of p and
.r=1
[4]
(ii)
{(r + 1)4 r4 } = (n + 1)40 1.
[2]

3 + 4i | by
5 the
and
|$| ! |$ 6 |.". Give a geometrical
[2]
(Q6,
Jan 2010)
5
(i) The transformation T is |$
represented
matrix
description
r=1
1
0
4
4
3
2
(ii) Show
(1r + 1) 1 r 4r 2+r 6+r1 + 4r + 1.
[2]
[2]
of T. that
7
(i) Show
that 2

.
[1]
r
(r4 + 1)42 r32 (r + 12)2
(ii)
Show
that
(
r
+
1)

4
r
+
6
r
+
4
r
+
1.
[2]
(iii)
Hence
show
that x2T+ is
The transformation
to a reflection
in theconstant,
line y =has
x roots
followed
(ii) quadratic
The
equation
2kxequivalent
+ k = 0, where
k is a non-zero
andby . another
Find a
177
n
n
transformation S. Give a geometrical
of
S
and
find
the
matrix
that
represents
S.
[4]
+
description
+

3
2
2r2 .+ 1
(iii)
show
that
[[4]
6]
4
and
.n (n + 1)
[7]
quadratic
equation
with
roots in terms
(ii) Hence
Hence
find an
expression,
ofrn, =for
.
2
2

r
(
r
+
1
)
n
r=1
r=1
(Q7, June 2010)
[6]
42 r 3 = n2 (n + 1)2 .
3
One root ofthe cubic equation x + px r=1
+ 6x + q = 0, where p and q are real, is the complex number
6
3
2r + 1
5 i.
OCR 2009
4725 Jun09
.
[2]
(iii) Find
r2 (r + 1)2 2
2
r
=
2
188OCR 2009
The
equation
2xthe cubic
x+3=
0 has roots
and , and the quadratic equation x px + q =[3]
0
(i) quadratic
Find the real
root of
equation.
4725 Jun09
1
1
has roots + and + .

Find the number

values
ofa pisand
[4]
(ii) complex
The
suchq.that a2 = 5 12i.
8

7
4
7

(i)
(i)
(i)
(ii)
(ii)

OCR
OCR 2009
2010

4725
4725 Jan09
Jun10
Show that p = 56 .
Use an algebraic method to find the two possible values of a.
1
2r + 1
1
Show that 2

.
Find the value
of(rq+. 1)2 r2 (r + 1)2
Sketch on ar single
Argand diagram the two possible loci given by |# a | = | a |.

a of n1,4725
(ii) Hence find an expression, inaterms
forJan10

OCR 2010

2r + 1

[4]
[5]
[1]
[5]
[4]
(Q8, Jan 2011)

[4]

transformation
Give geometrical
descriptions of possible transformations A and B and state
the matrices thatB.represent
them.
[4]
the matrices that represent them.
[4]
PhysicsAndMathsTutor.com

199
9

(i) Write down the other root of the quadratic equation.

(i) Write down the other root of the quadratic equation.

(ii) Find the values of a and b.

(ii) Find the values of a and b.

PMT

PMT

One root of the quadratic equation x22 + ax + b = 0, where a and b are real, is 16 30i.
One root of the quadratic equation x + ax + b = 0, where a and b are real, is 16 30i.

(iii) Use an algebraic method to solve the quartic equation y44 + ay22 + b = 0.
(iii) Use an algebraic method to solve the quartic equation y + ay + b = 0.
10
2010

PMT
1

2110
2

PMT
3

1
223
4

5
4

[1]
[1]

[4]
[4]
(Q9, June 2011)
[7]
[7]

3
The cubic equation x33 + 3x22 + 2 = 0 has roots , and .
The cubic equation x + 3x + 2 = 0 has roots , and .
9
2
a
1
21 toashow3 that
The
X substitution
is given by Xx== #
. 4u33 + 12u22 + 9u 1 = 0.
(i) matrix
Use the
[5]
(i) Use the substitution x = #
to
show
that
4u + 12u + 9u 1 = 0.
[5]
u
1 u 0 1
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
(i) Find
thefind
determinant
of of
X in1terms
[3]
(ii)
Hence
the values
+ 12of
+a.z12= and
[5]
1 .
1 + 1 + Giving
2given
2 2w+= 52+ 24i.
2 2 . your answers in the form x +[5]
The
numbers
z and w
by
6

i
and
iy
(ii) complex
Hence find
the values
ofare
+
+
and
+
2 2 2
2 2 2 2 2 2
them,
find

and
showing
clearly
how
you
obtain
2
(ii) Hence find the values of a for which X is singular.
[3]
(Q10, June 2011)
(i) z + 3w, numbers z and w are given by
[2]
The
z =terms
6 i of
and
iy
a. w = 5 + 4i. Giving your answers in the form x +[4]
(iii) complex
Given that X is non-singular, find X1 in
and showing clearly how you obtain them, find
[3]
(ii) z .
w
3
2
(i) cubic
z + 3w,
[2]
The
equation 3x 9x + 6x + 2 = 0 has roots , and .
2 1
1 0
z.
and B =
. Find
The
matrices
A and B are given by A =
[3]
(ii)
4 + 3 + and .
3 2
(i) w
Write
down the values of + + ,
[3]

"

"

(i) AB,
2 2
2
The cubic equation x3 + ax2 + bx + c = 0 has
2 roots
1 , and
1 .0
and B =
. Find
The matrices
A and B are given by A =
4 3
3 2
(ii) B1A1.
4
(ii) Show that c = 9 and find the values of a and b.
(i) AB,

"

"

[2]

[3]
[9]
[2]
(Q10, Jan 2012)
2
1 the quadratic equation x + ax + b = 0,
3i.
One
2 where a and b are real, is the complex number 4 [3]
.
(ii) root
B1Aof
Find the values of a and b.
[4]
a 1
n , where a 1 , and I denotes the 2 2 identity matrix. Find
The matrix
n A is given by A = d
1 x42 + ax + b = 0,4 where a and b are real, is the complex number 4 3i.
One root of the2 quadratic equation
(3r 3r + 2), expressing your answer in a fully factorised form.
[7]
Find the values
Find
[4]
(i) 2A 3I, of a and b.
[3]

#
#
r=1

1n

#
#
n

(ii) Aby. induction

43answer
= 6(3 ina1).
Prove
n 1, your
(3r2 3rthat,
+ 2),for
expressing
fully factorised form.
Find
r=1

(Q3, June 2012)

[2]
[5]
[7]

r=1

/ (r - 1)equation
Findquadratic
(r + 1), giving
a fully factorised
form.
[6]
+1,5 =answer
0 43
hasrin
roots
The
2x2 + xyour
= 6(3n and
1)..
[5]
Prove
by
r=
1 induction that, for n
1 r=1
to obtain a quadratic equation in u with integer coefficients.
[3]
(i) Use the substitution x =
+ 1 by z.
3 The complex number 2 i 2is udenoted
1and .
6
The quadratic equation 2x + x + 5 = 0 has roots
1
[3]
(ii) Hence, or otherwise, find the value of ! 1" ! 1".

1

(i) Find z and arg z.
[2]
to obtain a quadratic
equation in u with integer coefficients.
[3]
(i) Use the substitution x =
(Q6,
June
2012)
OCR 2011
4725 Jun11
u
+
1
OCR 2011
4725 Jun11
(ii) loci
Given
that
az +are
bz*
= 4 by8i,$ zfind
the
values
of1the real constants a and b.
[5]
1= 4 and
and
C
given
3
4i
$
7
The
C

[3]
(ii) Hence,
find the value of ! 1" ! $ z1"$ .= $ z 8i $ respectively.
1 or otherwise,
2

[6]
(i) Sketch, on a single Argand
diagram, the loci C1 and C2.
2
244 The quadratic equation x + x + k = 0 has roots a and b.
7
The loci C1 and C2 are given by $ z 3 4i $ = 4 and $ z $ = $ z 8i $ respectively.
[2]
(ii) Hence find the complex numbers represented by the points of intersection of C1 and C2.

(i) Use the substitution x = 2u + 1 to obtain a quadratic equation in u.
[2]
[6]
(i) Sketch, on a single Argand diagram, the loci C1 and C2.
(iii) Indicate, by shading, the region of the Argand diagram for which
a - 1 db - 1n
in terms
of k.
[2]
nby the points

(ii) Hence
Hence,find
or otherwise,
findnumbers
the value
of d
[2]
(ii)
the complex
represented
of intersection
of C1 and C2.
[2]
$ z 3 4i $ 24 and $ z2$ $ z 8i $ .
(Q4, Jan 2013)
(iii) Indicate, by shading, the region of the Argand diagram for which
1
1 of an appropriate
2
thethat
determinant
matrix, find the values of for which the simultaneous equations
.
[1]
85 By
(i) using
Show

[2]
r r + 2 r(r + $2)z 3 4i $ 4 and $ z $ $ z 8i $ .
3x + 2y +n 4z = 5,
2
y + z = 1,
.
[6]
(ii) Hence find 1
an expression,
in
1
2 terms of n, for
r(r
+ 2)
.
[1]
8
(i) Show that

x + y + z = 4,
62
235

43

PhysicsAndMathsTutor.com

9
257

2
(i) Find
clockwise
about
Showthe
thatmatrix
(ab +that
bc represents
+ ca)2 aa2brotation
+ b2c2through
+ c2a2 90
+ 2abc
(a + b +
c). the origin.

[2]
[3]

(ii) Find
the matrix
represents
a reflection
in cubic
the x-axis.
, b and
c are the
roots of the
equation x3 + px2 4x + 3 = 0,
It is given
that athat

[2]

1
1
1
(iii) Hence
matrix Find
that represents
a rotation
clockwise
terms
of p. about the origin, followed by[5]a
+ 2through
+ 2 in90
where pfind
is athe
constant.
the value of
2
a
b
c
reflection in the x-axis.
[2]
(Q9, Jan 2013)

(iv) Describe a single transformation that is represented by your answer to part (iii).
un
10 The sequence u1, u2, u3, ... is defined by u1 = 2 and un+1 =
for n 1.
1 + un

268

[2]

The cubic equation kx3 + 6x2 + x 3 = 0 , where k is a non-zero constant, has roots a, b and c.
(i) Find u2 and u3, and show that u4 = 27 .
[3]
[6]
Find the value of (a + 1)(b + 1) + (b + 1)(c + 1) + (c + 1)(a + 1) in terms of k.
[2]
(ii) Hence suggest an expression for un.
(Q8, June 2013)
1to prove 1that your answer
3 to part (ii) is correct.
(iii)
Use induction
.
/
(i) Show
that
3r - 1 3r + 2 (3r - 1) (3r + 2)

/ (3r - 1)1(3r + 2) = 2 (3nn+ 1) .

[5]
[2]

2n

(ii) Hence show that

[6]

r =1

a
10 The matrix A is given by A = f 1
4

2
3
1

1
2p .
1

(i) Find the value of a for which A is singular.

(ii) Given that A is non-singular, find A1 and hence solve the equations

[5]

ax + 2y + z = 1,
x + 3y + 2z = 2,
4x + y + z = 3.

[7]

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