FIRST THEOREM ON RIGHT-ANGLED TRIANGLE

[Journal No. MJS. Vol.3, No.1, Oct.2004, Published by Mapana, Christ College, Bangalore]
Kalai Maran. Ara, CCM Dept., CFTRI- Mysore, Karnataka, INDIA

KEY WORDS
Geometry, Triangle and its related theorems, Pythagoras theorem I & II, Appolonius theorem, Euclids
theorem I & II and American Mathematical Society Subject Classification (2000):MSC 51-02.
SCOPE OF THE RESEARCH:
In Geometric, Triangle is one of the two-dimensional plane having three sides and which is very
important to solve problems related to Geometry and sometimes in other subject also. Some fundamental
concept /theorems of triangles are required to solve such problems and such theorems are (i) Pythagoras
1st theorem[1] (ii) Pythagoras 2nd theorem (iii) Appollonius theorem (iv) Euclids 1st theorem[2] and (v)
Euclids 2nd theorem (Altitude theorem) [3]. In addition to these, Author has attempted to develop a new
theorem related to triangle (Marans theorem of triangle). The new theorem have been discussed and
proved with relevant examples.
NEW THEOREM ON RIGHT-ANGLED TRIANGLE
Suppose a right-angled triangle ACB (Fig. 2.1) is divided into two parts viz., ADC & BDC by its
altitude as its hypotenuse is its base (Fig. 2.2) and these two triangles (Ref: Fig. 2.3) are superimposed
over ACB as shown in figure 2.4
Let, ACB is a right-angled triangle. mACB = 90. D is the point, which is projection of C on line AB
i.e., CD AB. Let CD is the altitude of the triangle, DG = , DH = , AG = s and CG = t, CH = k and
BH = l. Therefore, mADC = 90 and mBDC = 90. AFC = ADC, CEB = CBD. Therefore,
(i) The mathematical relations between a, b, and is
=
(ii) The mathematical relations between k, l, s and t is

(iii)

Fig.1: A rectangular triangle ABC with its altitude through C

Fig.2: A rectangular triangle ABC with its altitude through C

Fig.3: A rectangular triangle ABC with its altitude through C

Fig.4: A rectangular triangle ABC with its altitude through C

EXAMPLE FOR PROOF:

See fig. 2 .3. In this figure, a right-angled triangle ACB, mACB = 90, = 23, b = 2, m = 1, n = 3,
3
33
1
3
3
3
=
, = ,k =
,l =
, s = and t =
2
2
2
2
2
2
All the above theorems are proved as follow.
(i) The first theorem is that: = . Substituting the values of a, b, and in LHS of theorem,

= ( ) =
[]

Substituting the values of a, b, and in LHS of theorem,

=( )=
[]

From [1] and [2], a = b. and hence the above first theorem is proved
(ii) The second theorem is that: = . Substituting the values of k, t, s and l in LHS of the
theorem,

=( )( )=
[]

Substituting the values in RHS of the theorem,

1
33
33
= ( )(
[4]
)=
2
2
4
From [3] and [4], = and hence the second theorem is also proved.
(iii) The third theorem is that:
In triangle ACB, = ( + ) =
Therefore, ACB is a right-angled triangle.

2
1
= cos1 ( ) = cos1 ( ) = 600
[5]
4
2
23
3
= cos1 (
[6]
) = cos 1 ( ) = 300
4
2
2 3
1
= cos1 [(
[7]
) 23] = cos 1 ( ) = 600
2
2
23
3
3
= cos1 [(
) 23] = cos1 (
) = cos1 ( ) = 300 [8]
2
2
23
In triangle FDE, ACB = 1800 (DFE + DEF)Substituting [7] and [8] in above equation, we get
FDE = 900 From equation [5] and [7], CAD = DFE. Similarly, from equation [6] and [8], CBD =
DEF. Therefore, FDE is right-angled triangle and is similar to ACB and hence the third
theorem is also proved.
REFERENCES
1 W.Gellert.S.Gottwald, M.Hellwich. H.Kstner.H.Kstner, The VNR Concise Encyclopedia of
Mathematics, Van Nostrand Reinhold, New york, 1989 p.166.
2

W.Gellert.S.Gottwald, M.Hellwich. H.Kstner.H.Kstner, The VNR Concise Encyclopedia of

Mathematics, Van Nostrand Reinhold, New york, 1989 p.167.

W.Gellert.S.Gottwald, M.Hellwich. H.Kstner.H.Kstner, The VNR Concise Encyclopedia of

Mathematics, Van Nostrand Reinhold, New york, 1989 p.167.