Radiant heat Calculation for VOPAK terminal

Full surface fire of 6000 m3 PX tank

Medium
2 Mass Burning Rate
3 Heat of Combustion
4 HHR per Unit Area
5 Screen ASD
5.1
Structures
5.2
People
6 Distance X for cooling Req.
1

Tank Diameter
Tank Height

Ef

100
16.5
19.1
25.7

H
11 D
12 S
10

13

Flux at Distance X

Name
kg/m2/s
kJ/kg
kW/m2

Para-Xylene
0.09
40,800
3,672

m
m
@ 8 kw/m2

30
350
25.7

m
m

19.1
22
kW/m2
m
m
m
8.0

Assumed Flux
Height of fire
Diam of fire
Distance from rim
kW/m2

From Tankwall

(NISTIR 6546)
Viewfactor
0.86
Ratio H/D
1.34
Ratio S/D
(goalseek)

Radiant heat Calculation for VOPAK terminal

Full surface fire of 1500 m3 Cumene tank
Medium
2 Mass Burning Rate
3 Heat of Combustion
4 HRR per Unit Area
5 Screen ASD
5.1
Structures
5.2
People
6 Distance X for cooling Req.
1

Tank Diameter
Tank Height

Ef

H
11 D
12 S
13

Flux at Distance X

Cumene
0.13
41,200
5,438

M
M
@ 8 kw/m2

50
1,220
16.3

M
M
100
12.5
12.1
16.3

10

Name
kg/m2/s
kJ/kg
kW/m2

From Tankwall

12.1
14
kW/m2
m
m
m
8.0

Assumed Flux
Height of fire
Diam of fire
Distance from rim
kW/m2

(NISTIR 6546)
Viewfactor
1.03
Ratio H/D
1.34
Ratio S/D
(goalseek)

Possible calamities related to tank storage; Class 1 B - Polar Solvents

Event

Detection

int

ext

Minor Spill w/o fire

Visual or Sensor

Water Dilution

Dilute to below hazardous ratio. <25%

Methanol to Water ratio

Major Spill w/o fire

Vapour Sensor

Foam Dispersion
(spill mitigtion)

Coverage of spilled liquid

All Spills with fire

Heat detection

Foam Dispersion

Shell Cooling, All Tanks in Bund

Vent fire

Heat detection

Full Surface Fire (roof

blown off)

Heat detection

Mitigation

Foam Dispersion
X

Foam Dispersion

Int

Ext

Deflagration Prevention

Roof Cooling, tank subject to fire.

X

Shell+Roof Cooling adjacent Tanks

(within 8kw/m2 profile 27m)

Radiant heat Calculation for SMART Tankfarm

Full surface fire of 5000 m3 Methanol tank
Medium
2 Mass Burning Rate
3 Heat of Combustion
4 HRR per Unit Area
5 Screen ASD
5.1
Structures
5.2
People
6 Distance X for cooling Req.
1

7
8
9

Tank Diameter
Tank Height
Radiation Data
Ef

H
11 D
12 S
10

13

Flux at Distance X

Name
kg/m2/s
kJ/kg
kW/m2

Methanol
0.02
20,000
340

m
m
@ 8 kw/m2

10
80
21.5

m
m
100
16
16
21.5

From Tankwall/rim

16
20
kW/m2
m
m
m
8.0

Assumed Flux
Height of fire
Diam of fire
Distance from rim
kW/m2

(NISTIR)
Viewfactor
1.00
Ratio H/D
1.34
Ratio S/D

S/D
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10

0.01
0.044
0.019
0.012
0.008
0.006
0.004
0.003
0.003
0.002
0.002
0.001
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

0.02
0.087
0.039
0.023
0.016
0.011
0.009
0.007
0.006
0.005
0.004
0.001
0.001
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

0.03
0.128
0.058
0.035
0.024
0.017
0.013
0.01
0.008
0.007
0.006
0.002
0.001
0.001
0
0
0
0
0
0

0.04
0.166
0.077
0.046
0.031
0.023
0.017
0.014
0.011
0.009
0.008
0.002
0.001
0.001
0
0
0
0
0
0

0.05
0.201
0.095
0.057
0.039
0.029
0.022
0.017
0.014
0.012
0.01
0.003
0.001
0.001
0.001
0
0
0
0
0

0.06
0.233
0.113
0.068
0.047
0.034
0.026
0.021
0.017
0.014
0.012
0.004
0.002
0.001
0.001
0
0
0
0
0

VIEW FACTOR TABLE

H/D
0.07
0.262
0.13
0.079
0.054
0.04
0.03
0.024
0.02
0.016
0.014
0.004
0.002
0.001
0.001
0.001
0
0
0
0

0.08
0.288
0.146
0.09
0.062
0.045
0.035
0.028
0.022
0.019
0.016
0.005
0.002
0.001
0.001
0.001
0
0
0
0

0.09
0.311
0.162
0.101
0.069
0.051
0.039
0.031
0.025
0.021
0.018
0.005
0.003
0.002
0.001
0.001
0.001
0
0
0

0.1
0.331
0.177
0.111
0.076
0.056
0.043
0.034
0.028
0.023
0.02
0.006
0.003
0.002
0.001
0.001
0.001
0
0
0

0.2
0.442
0.289
0.198
0.142
0.107
0.084
0.067
0.055
0.046
0.039
0.012
0.006
0.003
0.002
0.002
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001

0.3
0.481
0.349
0.256
0.193
0.149
0.119
0.096
0.08
0.067
0.057
0.018
0.009
0.005
0.003
0.002
0.002
0.001
0.001
0.001

0.4
0.497
0.38
0.294
0.23
0.183
0.148
0.122
0.102
0.086
0.074
0.024
0.012
0.007
0.005
0.003
0.002
0.002
0.001
0.001

0.5
0.506
0.399
0.318
0.256
0.208
0.172
0.143
0.121
0.103
0.089
0.03
0.015
0.009
0.006
0.004
0.003
0.002
0.002
0.001

0.6
0.51
0.41
0.334
0.274
0.227
0.19
0.161
0.137
0.118
0.102
0.035
0.017
0.01
0.007
0.005
0.004
0.003
0.002
0.002

0.7
0.513
0.417
0.344
0.287
0.242
0.205
0.175
0.151
0.131
0.114
0.04
0.02
0.012
0.008
0.006
0.004
0.003
0.003
0.002

0.8
0.515
0.422
0.352
0.297
0.253
0.217
0.187
0.162
0.142
0.125
0.045
0.023
0.014
0.009
0.006
0.005
0.004
0.003
0.002

0.9
0.517
0.425
0.357
0.304
0.261
0.226
0.196
0.172
0.151
0.134
0.05
0.025
0.015
0.01
0.007
0.005
0.004
0.003
0.003

1
0.518
0.427
0.361
0.31
0.268
0.233
0.204
0.18
0.159
0.141
0.055
0.028
0.017
0.011
0.008
0.006
0.005
0.004
0.003

Radiant heat Calculation for SMART Tankfarm

Full surface fire of 600 m3 Sodium Methylate tank
Medium
2 Mass Burning Rate
3 Heat of Combustion
4 HRR per Unit Area
5 Screen ASD
5.1
Structures
5.2
People
6 Distance X for cooling Req.
1

7
8
9

Tank Diameter
Tank Height
Radiation Data
Ef

H
11 D
12 S
10

13

Flux at Distance X

Name
kg/m2/s
kJ/kg
kW/m2

Sodium Methylate (solution in methanol)

0.02
20,000
340

m
m
@ 8 kw/m2

10
80
12.5

m
m
100
8
8.0
12.5

From Tankwall/rim

8
12
kW/m2
m
m
m
8.0

Assumed Flux
Height of fire
Diam of fire
Distance from rim
kW/m2

(NISTIR)
Viewfactor
1.00
1.57

ution in methanol)

m Tankwall/rim

(NISTIR)
Viewfactor
Ratio H/D
Ratio S/D