Masonry Wall 13ft - 6ft Retained Soil

303 Second Street, Suite 300 South
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San Francisco, CA 94017

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RETAINING WALL ANALYSIS

In accordance with International Building Code 2012
Tedds calculation version 2.6.08
Retaining wall details

Stem type;
Cantilever
Stem height;
hstem = 14.667 ft
Stem thickness;
tstem = 8 in
Angle to rear face of stem;
= 90 deg
Stem density;
stem = 150 pcf
Toe length;
ltoe = 2.667 ft
Heel length;
lheel = 2.667 ft
Base thickness;
tbase = 18 in
Base density;
base = 150 pcf
Height of retained soil;
hret = 6 ft
Angle of soil surface;
= 0 deg
Depth of cover;
dcover = 1.667 ft
Depth of excavation;
dexc = 0.667 ft
Retained soil properties

Soil type;
Medium dense well graded sand
Moist density;
mr = 135 pcf
Saturated density;
sr = 145 pcf
Effective angle of internal resistance;
r = 30 deg
Effective wall friction angle;
r = 0 deg
Base soil properties

Soil type;
Medium dense well graded sand
Soil density;
b = 115 pcf
Cohesion;
cb = 0 psf
Effective angle of internal resistance;
b = 30 deg
Effective wall friction angle;
b = 15 deg
Effective base friction angle;
bb = 30 deg
Allowable bearing pressure;
Pbearing = 3000 psf
Seismic details
Horizontal seismic acceleration factor;
Kh = 0.2
Vertical seismic acceleration factor;
Kv = 0
Seismic acceleration angle;
= atan(Kh / (1 - Kv)) = 11.31 deg
Loading details
Live surcharge load;
SurchargeL = 200 psf
Horizontal line load at 10.833 ft;
PL1 = 140 plf
Project
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Sheet no./rev.

Calc. by
Date
11/10/2016
8"
7'
2' 8"
Chk'd by
Date
App'd by
2' 8"
P1
14' 8"
200 psf
8"
1' 6"
1' 8"
9' 2"
10' 10"
6'
67 psf
479 psf
2070 psf
137 psf
6'
General arrangement
Calculate retaining wall geometry

Base length;
lbase = ltoe + tstem + lheel = 6 ft
Moist soil height;
hmoist = hsoil = 7.667 ft
- Distance to horizontal seismic component;
xseismic_h = 0.6 (hsoil + hbase) = 5.5 ft
Length of surcharge load;
lsur = lheel = 2.667 ft
- Distance to vertical component;
xsur_v = lbase - lheel / 2 = 4.667 ft
Effective height of wall;
heff = hbase + dcover + hret = 9.167 ft
- Distance to horizontal component;
xsur_h = heff / 2 = 4.583 ft
Area of wall stem;
Astem = hstem tstem = 9.778 ft2
xstem = ltoe + tstem / 2 = 3 ft
Area of wall base;
Abase = lbase tbase = 9 ft2
xbase = lbase / 2 = 3 ft
Area of moist soil;
Amoist = hmoist lheel = 20.444 ft2
xmoist_v = lbase - (hmoist lheel2 / 2) / Amoist = 4.667 ft
xmoist_h = heff / 3 = 3.056 ft
Area of base soil;
Apass = dcover ltoe = 4.444 ft2
xpass_v = lbase - (dcover ltoe (lbase - ltoe / 2)) / Apass = 1.333 ft
xpass_h = (dcover + hbase) / 3 = 1.056 ft
Area of excavated base soil;
Aexc = hpass ltoe = 2.667 ft2
xexc_v = lbase - (hpass ltoe (lbase - ltoe / 2)) / Aexc = 1.333 ft
Date
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Sheet no./rev.

Calc. by
Date
11/10/2016
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xexc_h = (hpass + hbase) / 3 = 0.833 ft
Using Coulomb theory

Active pressure coefficient;
KA = sin( + r)2 / (sin()2 sin( - r) [1 + [sin(r + r) sin(r - ) /

(sin( - r) sin( + ))]]2) = 0.333
Passive pressure coefficient;
KP = sin(90 - b)2 / (sin(90 + b) [1 - [sin(b + b) sin(b) / (sin(90 +

b))]]2) = 4.977
Using Mononobe-Okabe theory

Active dynamic pressure coefficient;
KAE = sin( + - r)2 / (cos() sin()2 sin( + + r) [1 + (max((sin(r

+ r) sin(r - - ) / (sin( + r + ) sin( - ))), 0))]2) = 0.473
Passive dynamic pressure coefficient;
KPE = sin(90 - + b)2 / (cos() sin(90 + + b) [1 + (max(sin(b + b)

sin(b - ) / (sin(90 + b + )), 0))]2) = 0.452
From IBC 2012 cl.1807.2.3 Safety factor

Load combination 1;
1.0 Dead + 1.0 Live + 1.0 Lateral earth
Sliding check
Vertical forces on wall
Wall stem;
Fstem = Astem stem = 1467 plf
Wall base;
Fbase = Abase base = 1350 plf
Moist retained soil;
Fmoist_v = Amoist mr = 2760 plf
Base soil;
Fexc_v = Aexc b = 307 plf
Total;
Ftotal_v = Fstem + Fbase + Fmoist_v + Fexc_v = 5883 plf
Horizontal forces on wall

Surcharge load;
Fsur_h = KA SurchargeL heff = 611 plf
Line loads;
FP_h = PL1 = 140 plf
Fmoist_h = KA mr heff2 / 2 = 1891 plf
Total;
Ftotal_h = Fmoist_h + Fsur_h + FP_h = 2642 plf
Check stability against sliding

Base soil resistance;
Fexc_h = KP cos(b) b (hpass + hbase)2 / 2 = 1727 plf
Base friction;
Ffriction = Ftotal_v tan(bb) = 3397 plf
Resistance to sliding;
Frest = Fexc_h + Ffriction = 5124 plf
Factor of safety;
FoSsl = Frest / Ftotal_h = 1.94; > 1.5

PASS - Factor of safety against sliding is adequate
Overturning check
Wall stem;
Wall base;
Base soil;
Total;

Surcharge load;
Line loads;
Project
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Sheet no./rev.

Calc. by
Date
11/10/2016
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Base soil;
Fexc_h = -KP cos(b) b (hpass + hbase)2 / 2 = -1727 plf
Total;
Ftotal_h = Fmoist_h + Fexc_h + Fsur_h + FP_h = 914 plf
Date
Overturning moments on wall

Surcharge load;
Msur_OT = Fsur_h xsur_h = 2801 lb_ft/ft
Line loads;
MP_OT = abs(PL1) (p1 + tbase) = 1727 lb_ft/ft
Mmoist_OT = Fmoist_h xmoist_h = 5777 lb_ft/ft
Total;
Mtotal_OT = Mmoist_OT + Msur_OT + MP_OT = 10305 lb_ft/ft
Restoring moments on wall

Wall stem;
Mstem_R = Fstem xstem = 4400 lb_ft/ft
Wall base;
Mbase_R = Fbase xbase = 4050 lb_ft/ft
Mmoist_R = Fmoist_v xmoist_v = 12880 lb_ft/ft
Base soil;
Mexc_R = Fexc_v xexc_v - Fexc_h xexc_h = 1848 lb_ft/ft
Total;
Mtotal_R = Mstem_R + Mbase_R + Mmoist_R + Mexc_R = 23179 lb_ft/ft
Check stability against overturning

Factor of safety;
FoSot = Mtotal_R / Mtotal_OT = 2.249; > 1.5

PASS - Factor of safety against overturning is adequate
Bearing pressure check

Wall stem;
Wall base;
Surcharge load;
Fsur_v = SurchargeL lheel = 533 plf
Base soil;
Fpass_v = Apass b = 511 plf
Total;
Ftotal_v = Fstem + Fbase + Fmoist_v + Fpass_v + Fsur_v = 6621 plf

Surcharge load;
Line loads;
Base soil;
Fpass_h = max(-KP cos(b) b (dcover + hbase)2 / 2, -(Fmoist_h + Fsur_h +

FP_h)) = -2642 plf
Total;
Ftotal_h = max(Fmoist_h + Fpass_h + Fsur_h + FP_h - Ftotal_v tan(bb), 0 plf) = 0 plf
Moments on wall
Wall stem;
Mstem = Fstem xstem = 4400 lb_ft/ft
Wall base;
Mbase = Fbase xbase = 4050 lb_ft/ft
Surcharge load;
Msur = Fsur_v xsur_v - Fsur_h xsur_h = -312 lb_ft/ft
Line loads;
MP = -(PL1 (p1 + tbase)) = -1727 lb_ft/ft
Mmoist = Fmoist_v xmoist_v - Fmoist_h xmoist_h = 7103 lb_ft/ft
Base soil;
Mpass = Fpass_v xpass_v - Fpass_h xpass_h = 3470 lb_ft/ft
Total;
Mtotal = Mstem + Mbase + Mmoist + Mpass + Msur + MP = 16984 lb_ft/ft
Project
Job Ref.
Section
Sheet no./rev.

Calc. by
Date
11/10/2016
Chk'd by
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App'd by
Date
Check bearing pressure

Distance to reaction;
x = Mtotal / Ftotal_v = 2.565 ft
Eccentricity of reaction;
e = x - lbase / 2 = -0.435 ft
Loaded length of base;
lload = lbase = 6 ft
Bearing pressure at toe;
qtoe = Ftotal_v / lbase (1 - 6 e / lbase) = 1583 psf
Bearing pressure at heel;
qheel = Ftotal_v / lbase (1 + 6 e / lbase) = 624 psf
Factor of safety;
FoSbp = Pbearing / max(qtoe, qheel) = 1.895;

PASS - Allowable bearing pressure exceeds maximum applied bearing pressure
From IBC 2012 cl.1807.2.3 Safety factor

Load combination 2;
1.0 Dead + 1.0 Live + 0.7 Earthquake + 1.0 Lateral earth
Sliding check
Wall stem;
Wall base;
Base soil;
Total;

Surcharge load;
Line loads;
Seismic;
Fseismic_h = 0.7 (KAE - KA) mr (hsoil + hbase)2 / 2 = 556 plf
Total;
Ftotal_h = Fmoist_h + Fseismic_h + Fsur_h + FP_h = 3197 plf
Check stability against sliding

Base soil resistance;
Fexc_h = KPE cos(b) b (hpass + hbase)2 / 2 = 157 plf
Base friction;
Ffriction = Ftotal_v tan(bb) = 3397 plf
Resistance to sliding;
Frest = Fexc_h + Ffriction = 3554 plf
Factor of safety;
FoSsl = Frest / Ftotal_h = 1.111; > 1.1

PASS - Factor of safety against sliding is adequate
Overturning check
Wall stem;
Wall base;
Base soil;
Total;

Surcharge load;
Line loads;
Base soil;
Fexc_h = -KPE cos(b) b (hpass + hbase)2 / 2 = -157 plf
Project
Job Ref.
Section
Sheet no./rev.

Calc. by
Date
11/10/2016
Chk'd by
Date
App'd by
Seismic;
Total;
Ftotal_h = Fmoist_h + Fexc_h + Fseismic_h + Fsur_h + FP_h = 3040 plf
Date
Overturning moments on wall

Surcharge load;
Msur_OT = Fsur_h xsur_h = 2801 lb_ft/ft
Line loads;
MP_OT = abs(PL1) (p1 + tbase) = 1727 lb_ft/ft
Mmoist_OT = Fmoist_h xmoist_h = 5777 lb_ft/ft
Seismic;
Mseismic_OT = Fseismic_h xseismic_h = 3056 lb_ft/ft
Total;
Mtotal_OT = Mmoist_OT + Mseismic_OT + Msur_OT + MP_OT = 13360 lb_ft/ft
Restoring moments on wall

Wall stem;
Mstem_R = Fstem xstem = 4400 lb_ft/ft
Wall base;
Mbase_R = Fbase xbase = 4050 lb_ft/ft
Mmoist_R = Fmoist_v xmoist_v = 12880 lb_ft/ft
Base soil;
Mexc_R = Fexc_v xexc_v - Fexc_h xexc_h = 540 lb_ft/ft
Total;
Mtotal_R = Mstem_R + Mbase_R + Mmoist_R + Mexc_R = 21870 lb_ft/ft
Check stability against overturning

Factor of safety;
FoSot = Mtotal_R / Mtotal_OT = 1.637; > 1.1

PASS - Factor of safety against overturning is adequate
Bearing pressure check

Wall stem;
Wall base;
Surcharge load;
Fsur_v = SurchargeL lheel = 533 plf
Base soil;
Fpass_v = Apass b = 511 plf
Total;
Ftotal_v = Fstem + Fbase + Fmoist_v + Fpass_v + Fsur_v = 6621 plf

Surcharge load;
Line loads;
Base soil;
Fpass_h = -KP cos(b) b (dcover + hbase)2 / 2 = -2772 plf
Seismic;
Total;
Ftotal_h = max(Fmoist_h + Fpass_h + Fseismic_h + Fsur_h + FP_h - Ftotal_v tan(bb), 0

plf) = 0 plf
Moments on wall
Wall stem;
Mstem = Fstem xstem = 4400 lb_ft/ft
Wall base;
Mbase = Fbase xbase = 4050 lb_ft/ft
Surcharge load;
Msur = Fsur_v xsur_v - Fsur_h xsur_h = -312 lb_ft/ft
Line loads;
MP = -(PL1 (p1 + tbase)) = -1727 lb_ft/ft
Mmoist = Fmoist_v xmoist_v - Fmoist_h xmoist_h = 7103 lb_ft/ft
Base soil;
Mpass = Fpass_v xpass_v - Fpass_h xpass_h = 3607 lb_ft/ft
Seismic;
Mseismic = -Fseismic_h xseismic_h = -3056 lb_ft/ft
Project
Job Ref.
Section
Sheet no./rev.

Calc. by
Date
11/10/2016
Total;
Chk'd by
Date
App'd by
Date
Mtotal = Mstem + Mbase + Mmoist + Mseismic + Mpass + Msur + MP = 14066 lb_ft/ft
Check bearing pressure

Distance to reaction;
x = Mtotal / Ftotal_v = 2.124 ft
Eccentricity of reaction;
e = x - lbase / 2 = -0.876 ft
Loaded length of base;
lload = lbase = 6 ft
Bearing pressure at toe;
qtoe = Ftotal_v / lbase (1 - 6 e / lbase) = 2070 psf
Bearing pressure at heel;
qheel = Ftotal_v / lbase (1 + 6 e / lbase) = 137 psf
Factor of safety;
FoSbp = Pbearing / max(qtoe, qheel) = 1.449;

PASS - Allowable bearing pressure exceeds maximum applied bearing pressure
RETAINING WALL DESIGN

In accordance with ACI 318-11 and MSJC-11 using the strength design method
Tedds calculation version 2.6.08
Concrete details
Compressive strength of concrete;
Concrete type;
f'c = 4000 psi

Normal weight
Reinforcement details
Yield strength of reinforcement;
fy = 60000 psi
Modulus of elasticity or reinforcement;
Es = 29000000 psi
Cover to reinforcement
Top face of base;
cbt = 2 in
Bottom face of base;
cbb = 3 in
Masonry details
8" CMU in running bond, fully bedded with PCL class M mortar, fully grouted
Compressive strength of unit;
fcu = 2800 psi
Net compressive strength - Table 2;
f'm = 2000 psi
Net modulus of elasticity - cl.1.8.2.2.1;
Em = 900 f'm = 1800000 psi

fr = 163 psi
tb = 7.625 in
Length of unit;
lb = 15.625 in
Height of unit;
hb = 7.625 in
Thickness of joint;
tj = 0.375 in
Face shell thickness;
twf = 1.25 in
End shell thickness;
twe = 1.25 in
Internal web thickness;
twi = 1.25 in
Depth of cavity;
tc = tb - 2 twf = 5.125 in
Length of cavity;
lc = (lb - twi - 2 twe) / 2 = 5.937 in

0.375"
7.625"
3.813"
15.625"
1.25"
5.125"
Modulus of rupture - Table 3.1.8.2;

Thickness of unit;
5.937"
1.25"
5.937"
1.25"
1.25"
1.25"
Project
Job Ref.
Section
Sheet no./rev.

Calc. by
Date
11/10/2016
Chk'd by
Date
App'd by
Date
From IBC 2012 cl.1605.2.1 Basic load combinations

Load combination no.1;
1.4 Dead
1.2 Dead + 1.6 Live + 1.6 Lateral earth
1.2 Dead + 1.0 Earthquake + 1.0 Live + 1.6 Lateral earth
0.9 Dead + 1.0 Earthquake + 1.6 Lateral earth

Loading details - Combination No.1 - kips/ft2
Shear force - Combination No.1 - kips/ft
Bending moment - Combination No.1 - kips_ft/ft
Stem
Toe
0.32
1.45
0.27
0.32
0.32
1.45
Heel
2.3
1.32
1.52
0.55 0.27
0.32
0.9
-0.5
0.8
1
Loading details - Combination No.3 - kips/ft2
Shear force - Combination No.3 - kips/ft
Bending moment - Combination No.3 - kips_ft/ft
Stem
0.14
0.07
0.14
3.8
Toe
0.27
0.2
1.24
1.34 0.23
0.27
0.73 0.2
0.27
1.24
0.27
0.23
5.5
4.3
0.07
0.05
0.55
-6
-3.5
Heel
Check stem design at base of stem

Depth of section;
12.1
8.8
t = 8 in
Masonry section properties

Gross cross-sectional area;
A = tb = 91.5 in2/ft
Gross moment of inertia;
I = tb3 / 12 = 443.3 in4/ft
Project
Job Ref.
Section
Sheet no./rev.

Calc. by
Date
11/10/2016
Chk'd by
Gross section modulus;
S = 2 I / tb = 116.3 in3/ft
Gross radius of gyration;
r = (I / A) = 2.2 in
Date
App'd by
Date
Reinforced masonry - Section 3.3

Design bending moment combination 3;
M = 145242 lb_in/ft
Axial load;
P = 1.2 stem hstem A = 1678 lb/ft
Effective height;
h = 2 hstem = 29.333 ft
Slenderness ratio;
h / r = 159.917
Nominal axial strength - exp.3-19;
Pn = 0.8 (0.8 (A - Asr.prov) f'm) (70 r / h)2 = 22328 lb/ft
Strength reduction factor - cl.3.1.4;
= 0.9
Design axial strength;
Pn = Pn = 20095 lb/ft
P / Pn = 0.083
PASS - Nominal axial strength exceeds axial load
Reinforcement provided;
No.5 bars @ 8" c/c
Area of reinforcement provided;
Asr.prov = sr2 / (4 ssr) = 0.46 in2/ft
Depth of reinforcement;
d = 3.813 in
Maximum usable compressive strain of masonry - cl.3.3.2
mu = 0.0025
Tensile strain in reinforcement at balance point;
s = fy / Es = 0.002069
Tension reinforcement strain factor;
s = 1.5
Maximum area of reinforcement;
Asr.max = 0.64 f'm d [mu / (mu + s s)] / fy = 0.435 in2/ft

FAIL - Area of stem reinforcement provided exceeds maximum allowable
Distance from fiber of maximum compressive strain to neutral axis

c = d mu / (mu + s) = 2.086 in
Tb = Asr.prov fy = 27612 lb/ft
Tensile force at balance point;
1 = 0.8
Compressive force at balance point;
Cb = 0.8 f'm 1 c = 32042 lb/ft
Design axial force at balance point;
Pb = (Cb - Tb) = 3988 lb/ft
Design moment at balance point;
Mb = (Tb (d - tb / 2) + Cb (tb / 2 - 1 c / 2)) = 85882 lb_in/ft
Strength interaction diagram

c/d
c (in)
C (lb/ft)
T (lb/ft)
fs (psi)
M (lb_in/ft)
P (lb/ft)
0.01
0.038
586
27612
60000
2001
-24323
0.1
0.381
5856
27612
60000
19290
-19580
0.2
0.763
11712
27612
60000
36972
-14310
0.3
1.144
17568
27612
60000
53047
-9039
0.4
1.525
23424
27612
60000
67514
-3769
0.5
1.906
29280
27612
60000
80374
1502
0.547
2.086
32042
27612
60000
85882
3988
0.6
2.288
35136
22243
48333
91626
11604
0.7
2.669
40992
14299
31071
98220
20095
Project
Job Ref.
Section
Sheet no./rev.
10

Calc. by
Date
11/10/2016
Chk'd by
Date
App'd by
Date
25000
98220 lb_in/ft, 20095 lb/ft
20000
15000
10000
5000
85882 lb_in/ft, 3988 lb/ft

145242 lb_in/ft, 1678 lb/ft
105000
90000
75000
60000
45000
30000
15000
-5000
Design axial load Pn - lb/ft
Design moment M n - lb_in/ft
From strength interaction diagram...

Maximum moment;
Limiting moment under applied axial load;
Mmax = 101271 lb_in/ft

Mlimit = 80570 lb_in/ft
M / Mlimit = 1.803
FAIL - Design flexural strength is less than factored bending moment
Design shear force;
V = 3496 lb/ft
Nominal shear strength - cl.3.3.4.1.2;
Vn = min((4 - 1.75 min(M / (V tb), 1)) A (f'm 1 psi) + 0.25 P, 4

A (f'm 1 psi)) = 9626 lb/ft
v = 0.8
Design shear strength;
Vn = v Vn = 7701 lb/ft
V / Vn = 0.454
PASS - Design shear strength exceeds applied shear force
Check stem design at 1.333 ft

Depth of section;
t = 8 in
Masonry section properties

Gross cross-sectional area;
A = tb = 91.5 in2/ft
Gross moment of inertia;
I = tb3 / 12 = 443.3 in4/ft
Gross section modulus;
S = 2 I / tb = 116.3 in3/ft
Gross radius of gyration;
r = (I / A) = 2.2 in
Reinforced masonry - Section 3.3

M = 96168 lb_in/ft
Axial load;
P = 1.2 stem hstem A = 1678 lb/ft
Effective height;
h = 2 hstem = 29.333 ft
Project
Job Ref.
Section
Sheet no./rev.
11

Calc. by
Date
11/10/2016
Chk'd by
Date
App'd by
Date
Slenderness ratio;
h / r = 159.917
Nominal axial strength - exp.3-19;
Pn = 0.8 (0.8 (A - Asr1.prov) f'm) (70 r / h)2 = 22328 lb/ft
= 0.9
Design axial strength;
Pn = Pn = 20095 lb/ft
P / Pn = 0.083
PASS - Nominal axial strength exceeds axial load
Reinforcement provided;
No.5 bars @ 8" c/c
Area of reinforcement provided;
Asr1.prov = sr12 / (4 ssr1) = 0.46 in2/ft
Depth of reinforcement;
d = 3.813 in
Maximum usable compressive strain of masonry - cl.3.3.2
mu = 0.0025
Tensile strain in reinforcement at balance point;
s = fy / Es = 0.002069
Tension reinforcement strain factor;
s = 1.5
Maximum area of reinforcement;
Asr.max = 0.64 f'm d [mu / (mu + s s)] / fy = 0.435 in2/ft

FAIL - Area of stem reinforcement provided exceeds maximum allowable
Distance from fiber of maximum compressive strain to neutral axis

c = d mu / (mu + s) = 2.086 in
Tb = Asr1.prov fy = 27612 lb/ft
Tensile force at balance point;
1 = 0.8
Compressive force at balance point;
Cb = 0.8 f'm 1 c = 32042 lb/ft
Design axial force at balance point;
Pb = (Cb - Tb) = 3988 lb/ft
Design moment at balance point;
Mb = (Tb (d - tb / 2) + Cb (tb / 2 - 1 c / 2)) = 85882 lb_in/ft
Strength interaction diagram

c/d
c (in)
C (lb/ft)
T (lb/ft)
fs (psi)
M (lb_in/ft)
P (lb/ft)
0.01
0.038
586
27612
60000
2001
-24323
0.1
0.381
5856
27612
60000
19290
-19580
0.2
0.763
11712
27612
60000
36972
-14310
0.3
1.144
17568
27612
60000
53047
-9039
0.4
1.525
23424
27612
60000
67514
-3769
0.5
1.906
29280
27612
60000
80374
1502
0.547
2.086
32042
27612
60000
85882
3988
0.6
2.288
35136
22243
48333
91626
11604
0.7
2.669
40992
14299
31071
98220
20095
Project
Job Ref.
Section
Sheet no./rev.
12

Calc. by
Date
11/10/2016
Chk'd by
Date
App'd by
Date
25000
98220 lb_in/ft, 20095 lb/ft
20000
15000
10000
5000
85882 lb_in/ft, 3988 lb/ft

96168 lb_in/ft, 1678 lb/ft
105000
90000
75000
60000
45000
30000
15000
-5000
Design axial load Pn - lb/ft
Design moment M n - lb_in/ft
From strength interaction diagram...

Maximum moment;
Limiting moment under applied axial load;
Mmax = 101271 lb_in/ft

Mlimit = 80570 lb_in/ft
M / Mlimit = 1.194
FAIL - Design flexural strength is less than factored bending moment
Design shear force;

Nominal shear strength - cl.3.3.4.1.2;
V = 2656 lb/ft
Vn = min((4 - 1.75 min(M / (V tb), 1)) A (f'm 1 psi) + 0.25 P, 4
A (f'm 1 psi)) = 9626 lb/ft
v = 0.8
Design shear strength;
Vn = v Vn = 7701 lb/ft
V / Vn = 0.345
PASS - Design shear strength exceeds applied shear force
Check base design at toe

Depth of section;
h = 18 in
Rectangular section in flexure - Chapter 10

M = 8832 lb_ft/ft
Depth of tension reinforcement;
d = h - cbb - bb / 2 = 14.688 in
Compression reinforcement provided;
No.5 bars @ 8" c/c
Area of compression reinforcement provided;
Abt.prov = bt2 / (4 sbt) = 0.46 in2/ft
Tension reinforcement provided;
No.5 bars @ 8" c/c
Area of tension reinforcement provided;
Abb.prov = bb2 / (4 sbb) = 0.46 in2/ft
Maximum reinforcement spacing - cl.10.5.4;
smax = min(18 in, 3 h) = 18 in

PASS - Reinforcement is adequately spaced
Depth of compression block;
a = Abb.prov fy / (0.85 f'c) = 0.677 in
Project
Job Ref.
Section
Sheet no./rev.
13

Calc. by
Date
11/10/2016
Chk'd by
Date
App'd by
Date
Neutral axis factor - cl.10.2.7.3;
1 = min(max(0.85 - 0.05 (f'c - 4 ksi) / 1 ksi, 0.65), 0.85) = 0.85
Depth to neutral axis;
c = a / 1 = 0.796 in
Strain in reinforcement;
t = 0.003 (d - c) / c = 0.052342
Section is in the tension controlled zone
Strength reduction factor;
f = min(max(0.65 + (t - 0.002) (250 / 3), 0.65), 0.9) = 0.9
Nominal flexural strength;
Mn = Abb.prov fy (d - a / 2) = 33017 lb_ft/ft
Design flexural strength;
Mn = f Mn = 29715 lb_ft/ft
M / Mn = 0.297
PASS - Design flexural strength exceeds factored bending moment
By iteration, reinforcement required by analysis;
Abb.des = 0.135 in2/ft
Minimum area of reinforcement - cl.7.12.2.1;
Abb.min = 0.0018 h = 0.389 in2/ft
PASS - Area of reinforcement provided is greater than minimum area of reinforcement required
Rectangular section in shear - Chapter 11
Design shear force;
V = 5529 lb/ft
Concrete modification factor - cl.8.6.1;
=1
Nominal concrete shear strength - exp.11-3;
Vc = 2 (f'c 1 psi) d = 22294 lb/ft
s = 0.75
Design concrete shear strength - cl.11.4.6.1;
Vc = s Vc = 16721 lb/ft
V / Vc = 0.331
PASS - No shear reinforcement is required
Check base design at heel

Depth of section;
h = 18 in
Rectangular section in flexure - Chapter 10

M = 6012 lb_ft/ft
Depth of tension reinforcement;
d = h - cbt - bt / 2 = 15.687 in
Compression reinforcement provided;
No.5 bars @ 8" c/c
Area of compression reinforcement provided;
Abb.prov = bb2 / (4 sbb) = 0.46 in2/ft
Tension reinforcement provided;
No.5 bars @ 8" c/c
Area of tension reinforcement provided;
Abt.prov = bt2 / (4 sbt) = 0.46 in2/ft
Maximum reinforcement spacing - cl.10.5.4;
smax = min(18 in, 3 h) = 18 in

PASS - Reinforcement is adequately spaced
Depth of compression block;
a = Abt.prov fy / (0.85 f'c) = 0.677 in
Neutral axis factor - cl.10.2.7.3;
1 = min(max(0.85 - 0.05 (f'c - 4 ksi) / 1 ksi, 0.65), 0.85) = 0.85
Depth to neutral axis;
c = a / 1 = 0.796 in
Strain in reinforcement;
t = 0.003 (d - c) / c = 0.05611
f = min(max(0.65 + (t - 0.002) (250 / 3), 0.65), 0.9) = 0.9
Nominal flexural strength;
Mn = Abt.prov fy (d - a / 2) = 35318 lb_ft/ft
Section is in the tension controlled zone
Design flexural strength;
Mn = f Mn = 31786 lb_ft/ft
M / Mn = 0.189
PASS - Design flexural strength exceeds factored bending moment
By iteration, reinforcement required by analysis;
Abt.des = 0.086 in2/ft
Abt.min = 0.0018 h = 0.389 in2/ft
Project
Job Ref.
Section
Sheet no./rev.
14

Calc. by
Date
11/10/2016
Chk'd by
Date
App'd by
Date
PASS - Area of reinforcement provided is greater than minimum area of reinforcement required
Rectangular section in shear - Chapter 11
Design shear force;
V = 4279 lb/ft
Concrete modification factor - cl.8.6.1;
=1
Nominal concrete shear strength - exp.11-3;
Vc = 2 (f'c 1 psi) d = 23812 lb/ft
s = 0.75
Design concrete shear strength - cl.11.4.6.1;
Vc = s Vc = 17859 lb/ft
V / Vc = 0.240
PASS - No shear reinforcement is required
Transverse reinforcement parallel to base

Abx.req = 0.0018 tbase = 0.389 in2/ft
Transverse reinforcement provided;
No.3 bars @ 8" c/c each face
Area of transverse reinforcement provided;
Abx.prov = 2 bx2 / (4 sbx) = 0.331 in2/ft
FAIL - Area of reinforcement provided is less than area of reinforcement required
3.812"
No.5 bars @ 8" c/c

No.5 bars @ 8" c/c
No.5 bars @ 8" c/c
No.5 bars @ 8" c/c

No.3 bars @ 8" c/c
transverse reinforcement
in base
Reinforcement details
2"
3"

Masonry Wall 13ft - 6ft Retained Soil

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Masonry Wall 13ft - 6ft Retained Soil

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303 Second Street, Suite 300 South

San Francisco, CA 94017

RETAINING WALL ANALYSIS

Retaining wall details

Angle to rear face of stem;

stem = 150 pcf

base = 150 pcf

Height of retained soil;

Angle of soil surface;

Retained soil properties

Medium dense well graded sand

Effective angle of internal resistance;

Effective wall friction angle;

Base soil properties

Medium dense well graded sand

Effective angle of internal resistance;

Effective wall friction angle;

Effective base friction angle;

Allowable bearing pressure;

Pbearing = 3000 psf

Vertical seismic acceleration factor;

Seismic acceleration angle;

= atan(Kh / (1 - Kv)) = 11.31 deg

SurchargeL = 200 psf

Horizontal line load at 10.833 ft;

PL1 = 140 plf

303 Second Street, Suite 300 South

San Francisco, CA 94017

Calculate retaining wall geometry

lbase = ltoe + tstem + lheel = 6 ft

Moist soil height;

hmoist = hsoil = 7.667 ft

- Distance to horizontal seismic component;

xseismic_h = 0.6 (hsoil + hbase) = 5.5 ft

Length of surcharge load;

lsur = lheel = 2.667 ft

- Distance to vertical component;

xsur_v = lbase - lheel / 2 = 4.667 ft

Effective height of wall;

heff = hbase + dcover + hret = 9.167 ft

- Distance to horizontal component;

xsur_h = heff / 2 = 4.583 ft

Area of wall stem;

Astem = hstem tstem = 9.778 ft2

- Distance to vertical component;

xstem = ltoe + tstem / 2 = 3 ft

Area of wall base;

Abase = lbase tbase = 9 ft2

- Distance to vertical component;

Area of moist soil;

Amoist = hmoist lheel = 20.444 ft2

- Distance to vertical component;

xmoist_v = lbase - (hmoist lheel2 / 2) / Amoist = 4.667 ft

- Distance to horizontal component;

xmoist_h = heff / 3 = 3.056 ft

Area of base soil;

Apass = dcover ltoe = 4.444 ft2

- Distance to vertical component;

xpass_v = lbase - (dcover ltoe (lbase - ltoe / 2)) / Apass = 1.333 ft

- Distance to horizontal component;

xpass_h = (dcover + hbase) / 3 = 1.056 ft

Area of excavated base soil;

Aexc = hpass ltoe = 2.667 ft2

- Distance to vertical component;