Projection Lines PDF (Beamer)

PROJECTION OF LINES
Department of Mechanical Engineering

SREYAS INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
BANDLAGUDA, HYDERABAD
November 11, 2016
Different orientations of a line
The possible projections of straight lines w.r.t. HP and VP are

1 Line parallel to both HP and VP
A C S REDDY
()
November 11, 2016

2 Line perpendicular to HP and parallel to VP
A C S REDDY
()
November 11, 2016

3 Line perpendicular to VP and parallel to HP
A C S REDDY
()
November 11, 2016

4 Line inclined to HP and parallel to VP
A C S REDDY
()
November 11, 2016

5 Line inclined to VP and parallel to HP
A C S REDDY
()
November 11, 2016

5 Line inclined to VP and parallel to HP
6 Line inclined to both HP and VP
A C S REDDY
()
November 11, 2016
Case1:Line parallel to both HP and VP
A C S REDDY
()
November 11, 2016
1 A straight Line AB is considered to be kept parallel to both HP and VP
A C S REDDY
()
November 11, 2016

2 Its front view is projected onto VP which is a line having true length
(TL).
A C S REDDY
()
November 11, 2016

(TL).
3 The top view is projected onto HP which is also a line having true
length.
A C S REDDY
()
November 11, 2016

(TL).
length.
4 Now the HP is rotated in the clockwise direction through an angle of
900 and transferred to vertical position.
A C S REDDY
()
November 11, 2016

(TL).
length.
4 Now the HP is rotated in the clockwise direction through an angle of
900 and transferred to vertical position.
5 The projections obtained can be seen in orthographic projection
A C S REDDY
()
November 11, 2016
Drawing orthographic projection for line parallel to HP and

VP
Procedural steps
1 Draw a horizontal line, which is XY reference line.
A C S REDDY
()
November 11, 2016

VP
Procedural steps
2 Draw a vertical projector at right angle to reference line
A C S REDDY
()
November 11, 2016

VP
Procedural steps
3 Mark a point a on the vertical projector for the given height. i.e., line
height above HP.
A C S REDDY
()
November 11, 2016

VP
Procedural steps
height above HP.
4 Mark a point "a" below the reference line for a distance equal to the
distance of line in front of VP.
A C S REDDY
()
November 11, 2016

VP
Procedural steps
height above HP.
4 Mark a point "a" below the reference line for a distance equal to the
distance of line in front of VP.
5 Draw a horizontal line a b passing through a equal to the length of
given line
A C S REDDY
()
November 11, 2016
6 draw a vertical projector passing through b and perpendicular to

reference line(XY line)
7 Also draw a horizontal Draw passing through a and mark b at
intersection of line passing through a and projector passing through b
8 Darken ab gives front view having true length(TL)
9 Darken the line ab gives the top view having true length(TL).
10 Mark the distances of front and top view by following methods of
dimensioning.
A C S REDDY
()
November 11, 2016
Problem1: Line parallel to both HP and VP
Problem1:Draw the projections of 50 mm long horizontal line, which is

parallel to VP and 20 mm above HP and parallel to it.
A C S REDDY
()
November 11, 2016
Solution for Problem 1
A C S REDDY
()
November 11, 2016
Construction Procedure for line parallel to HP and VP
1 Draw horizontal X Y line as reference line.(thin line)
A C S REDDY
()
November 11, 2016

2 Draw a vertical projector (thin line)
A C S REDDY
()
November 11, 2016

3 Mark the thick dark point at 20 mm above the reference line on the
vertical projector and name as a and it gives the front view of one
point
A C S REDDY
()
November 11, 2016

point
4 Mark a thick and dark point at 15 mm below the reference line on the
same vertical projector, name it as a and it gives the top view of the
same point.
A C S REDDY
()
November 11, 2016

point
4 Mark a thick and dark point at 15 mm below the reference line on the
same vertical projector, name it as a and it gives the top view of the
same point.
5 From a draw a horizontal line 50 mm long to mark front view of other
point b
A C S REDDY
()
November 11, 2016
Construction procedure conti........
6 Passing through b draw an another vertical projector
A C S REDDY
()
November 11, 2016
10

7 Mark b at 15 mm below the reference line on the projector passing
through b.
A C S REDDY
()
November 11, 2016
10

through b.
8 Draw a thick line connecting a a gives the front view of the line
A C S REDDY
()
November 11, 2016
10

through b.
8 Draw a thick line connecting a a gives the front view of the line
9 Draw a thick line connecting a b gives the top view of the line. oMark
the distances (20mm) of front view and top view (35mm) from
reference line by constructing dimension line.
A C S REDDY
()
November 11, 2016
10
Problem 26 : Line parallel to HP and VP
Problem
A 50 mm long line PQ, is parallel to both HP and VP. The line is 25 mm in
front of the VP and 60 mm above the HP. Draw the projections of the line
and determine the traces.
A C S REDDY
()
November 11, 2016
11
A C S REDDY
()
November 11, 2016
12
Case 2: Line k to VP and to HP
A C S REDDY
()
November 11, 2016
13
Construction procedure for line k to VP and & to HP
Draw xy line and one projector.
A C S REDDY
()
November 11, 2016
14
Mark a and b above xy line on projector such that ab is equal to

true length of line and position of b is for the given height from HP.
A C S REDDY
()
November 11, 2016
14

As the line vertical top view of both points coincides on HP
A C S REDDY
()
November 11, 2016
14

Mark a point a(b) below XY line representing the distance of line from
VP.
A C S REDDY
()
November 11, 2016
14

Mark a point a(b) below XY line representing the distance of line from
VP.
Join ab by thick line gives the front view
A C S REDDY
()
November 11, 2016
14
a(b) gives the top view
A C S REDDY
()
November 11, 2016
15
Mark horizontal trace HT at a(b) itself on the projector
A C S REDDY
()
November 11, 2016
15
It has no vertical trace (VT).
A C S REDDY
()
November 11, 2016
15
It has no vertical trace (VT).
Mark the distances of top view and front view from XY line using
standard dimension procedure.
A C S REDDY
()
November 11, 2016
15
Problem 27
Problem
A 60mm long line PQ has its end P at a distance of 20 mm above the HP.
The line is perpendicular to the HP and 40 mm in front of VP. Draw the
projections of the line and determine its traces.
A C S REDDY
()
November 11, 2016
16
Problem27
A C S REDDY
()
November 11, 2016
17
Case 3: Line VP and k to HP
A C S REDDY
()
November 11, 2016
18
Problem 28
Problem 28
A 60mm long line PQ, has its end P at a distance of 20 mm in front of the
VP. The line is perpendicular to VP and 40mm above the HP. Draw
projections of a line and determine its traces.
A C S REDDY
()
November 11, 2016
19
Problem 28
A C S REDDY
()
November 11, 2016
20
Case4:Line inclined to HP and parallel to VP

Line Inclined to HP and parallel to VP
A C S REDDY
()
November 11, 2016
21
Line inclined to HP and parallel to VP
Draw a horizontal line, which is x-y line of some suitable length.
A C S REDDY
()
November 11, 2016
22
Draw a projector perpendicular to x-y line
A C S REDDY
()
November 11, 2016
22
Mark point a above the referance line for the given value.
A C S REDDY
()
November 11, 2016
22
Mark a on the projector below the referance lin for the given value
A C S REDDY
()
November 11, 2016
22
Mark a on the projector below the referance lin for the given value
Draw horizontal line a b1 from a and equal to true length of the line
A C S REDDY
()
November 11, 2016
22
Rotate line ab1 about a for the given angle i.e., line making angle
with HP
A C S REDDY
()
November 11, 2016
23
with HP
mark the new end of the line as b
A C S REDDY
()
November 11, 2016
23
with HP
Drbabelow the gvat a given distance onabove the referance line oveon
the projector
A C S REDDY
()
November 11, 2016
23
with HP
the projector
Mark point a at a distance Draw a line ab equal to true length of a

given line and making an angle equal to the given line making angle
with HP.
A C S REDDY
()
November 11, 2016
23
with HP
the projector
Mark point a at a distance Draw a line ab equal to true length of a

given line and making an angle equal to the given line making angle
with HP.
Draw one more projector on right ride passing through b vertically

downwards
A C S REDDY
()
November 11, 2016
23
Draw a horizontal line a-b at a distance below x-y line equal to the
true line making a distance with VP
A C S REDDY
()
November 11, 2016
24
Darken the the horizontal line ab and it gives the top view of the line
AB
A C S REDDY
()
November 11, 2016
24
AB
Darken the inclined line a - b and it gives the front view of the line AB
A C S REDDY
()
November 11, 2016
24
AB
Darken the inclined line a - b and it gives the front view of the line AB
complete the construction by mentioning all dimensions and angle

while following the standard procedure dimensioning.
A C S REDDY
()
November 11, 2016
24
Line inclined to VP and parallel to HP
A C S REDDY
()
November 11, 2016
25
Problem 29
Problem 29
A line PQ, 90 mm long, is in the HP and makes an angle of 300 with the
VP. its end P is 25mm in front of the VP. Draw its projections.(Page 178,
prob. 10.1 from Agerwal)
A C S REDDY
()
November 11, 2016
26
Construction steps for problem 29
Draw XY referance line
Draw projector perpendicular to XY line
Mark top view of point p at 25 mm from XY line
Draw 300 line passing through p
Mark point q at 90 mm distance from p on inclined line
By projecting pq gives front view pq
Mark all dimensions by following the standard procedure
A C S REDDY
()
November 11, 2016
27
Problem 30
The length of the top view of a line parallel to the VP and inclined at 450
to the HP is 50mm and on end of the line is 12 mm above the HP and
125mm in front of the VP. Draw the projections of the line and determine
its true length.
A C S REDDY
()
November 11, 2016
28
Line inclined to both planes
A C S REDDY
()
November 11, 2016
29
Mark a point o on the reference line and draw a vertical projector

through it.
A C S REDDY
()
November 11, 2016
29
Mark a point o on the reference line and draw a vertical projector

through it.
On the vertical projector, mark a above XY line for the given distance
of A above HP and mark b below the XY line on the same projector
for the given distance of A from VP. Draw a,b1 equal to length of
given line and angle that makes line with HP.
A C S REDDY
()
November 11, 2016
29
A C S REDDY
()
November 11, 2016
30
A C S REDDY
()
November 11, 2016
31
A C S REDDY
()
November 11, 2016
32
A C S REDDY
()
November 11, 2016
33
A C S REDDY
()
November 11, 2016
34
Problem 36
The top view of a 75 mm long line AB measures 65 mm, while the length of
its front view is 50 mm. its one end A is in the HP. And 12 mm in front of
the VP. Draw the projections of AB and determine its inclinations with the
HP and the VP.(page196, prob10.11)
A C S REDDY
()
November 11, 2016
35
Problem 36
A C S REDDY
()
November 11, 2016
36
Construction procedure for Problem 36
Draw a horizontal reference line XY
Draw a vertical projector a at the intersection of projector with

referance line
Mark a on the same projector at 12 mm below the reference line
Mark top view length ab2 65mm length and a0 b10 50 mm length on the
locus line a and a respectively
Draw a vertical projector passing through b10 and b2
A C S REDDY
()
November 11, 2016
37
Draw an arc of 75 mm length passing through the vertical projector

passing through b2 and mark b10 intersection point.
Draw an arc of 75 mm length passing through the vertical projector

that passes through b10 and mark as b1 at intersection point.
3
4
Draw horizontal locus lines passing through b20 and b1 .

Rotate front view length a0 b10 on to the locus line and ab gives the
front view.
Rotate top view length ab2 on to the locus line ob b and ab gives the
top view
Complete the dimensions following the standered procedure.
A C S REDDY
()
November 11, 2016
38
Problem37
A line AB, 65 mm long, has its end A 20 mm above the HP and 25 mm in
front of the VP. The end B is 40mm above the HP and 65 mm in front of
the VP. Draw the projections of AB and show its inclinations with the HP
and the VP (page197, prob10.12:from Agerwal).
A C S REDDY
()
November 11, 2016
39
Problem 38
The line AB, 90 mm long, inclined at 450 to the HP and its top view makes
an angle of 600 with the VP. The end A is in the HP and 12 mm in front of
the VP. Draw its front view and find its true inclination with the VP.
(page198, prob10.14)
A C S REDDY
()
November 11, 2016
40
A C S REDDY
()
November 11, 2016
41
Problem39
A 70 mm long line PQ, has an end P at 20 mm above the HP and 30 mm
in front of the VP. The line is inclined at 450 to the HP and 300 to the VP.
Draw its projections. (page 9.15 from Basant Agrawal)
A C S REDDY
()
November 11, 2016
42
Problem40
PROBLEM 40: A straight line PQ has its end P at 20 mm above the HP
and 30 mm in front of the VP and the end Q is 80 mm above the HP and
70 mm in front the VP. If the projections are 60 mm apart. Draw the
projections of the line and determine its true length and true inclinations
with the reference planes. (page:9.18, from Basant Agrawal)
A C S REDDY
()
November 11, 2016
43
Problem 41
The top view of a 125 mm long line PQ measures 80 mm and its front view
measures 100 mm. Its end Q and the mid point M are in the first quadrant.
M being 50 mm from both planes. Draw the projections of the line PQ.
A C S REDDY
()
November 11, 2016
44
Problem42
Problem42: Draw the projections of a 100 mm long line AB, when end A
touches VP and end B touches HP. The line is 300 to HP and 500 to VP.
Draw the projections of the line and locate HT and VT
A C S REDDY
()
November 11, 2016
45
Constructional steps
Draw XY reference line
Mark a point a2 on reference line a2 b and draw true length of line

100 mm making an angle 500 to the VP.
3
4
Draw a vertical projector and a2 b 0 gives the length of front view

Draw the true length of line b a10 of length 100 mm making an angle
300 to HP
Draw a locus line passing through a10 .
A C S REDDY
()
November 11, 2016
46
2
3
Rotate front view length a2 b 0 on to locus line as a0 b 0 and it gives

the front view of the line
Draw locus line passing through b
Draw vertical projector passing through a10 and a1 b gives the top
view length
By rotating the top view length onto xy line produces ab and it gives
the position of top view.
A C S REDDY
()
November 11, 2016
47

Projection Lines PDF (Beamer)

Diunggah oleh

Informasi Dokumen

Judul Asli

Hak Cipta

Format Tersedia

Bagikan dokumen Ini

Bagikan atau Tanam Dokumen

Opsi Berbagi

Apakah menurut Anda dokumen ini bermanfaat?

Apakah konten ini tidak pantas?

Hak Cipta:

Format Tersedia

Projection Lines PDF (Beamer)

Diunggah oleh

Hak Cipta:

Format Tersedia

PROJECTION OF LINES

Department of Mechanical Engineering

November 11, 2016

Different orientations of a line

The possible projections of straight lines w.r.t. HP and VP are

November 11, 2016

Different orientations of a line

The possible projections of straight lines w.r.t. HP and VP are

November 11, 2016

Different orientations of a line

The possible projections of straight lines w.r.t. HP and VP are

November 11, 2016

Different orientations of a line

The possible projections of straight lines w.r.t. HP and VP are

November 11, 2016

Different orientations of a line

The possible projections of straight lines w.r.t. HP and VP are

November 11, 2016

Different orientations of a line

The possible projections of straight lines w.r.t. HP and VP are

November 11, 2016

Case1:Line parallel to both HP and VP

November 11, 2016

Case1:Line parallel to both HP and VP

1 A straight Line AB is considered to be kept parallel to both HP and VP

November 11, 2016

Case1:Line parallel to both HP and VP

1 A straight Line AB is considered to be kept parallel to both HP and VP

November 11, 2016

Case1:Line parallel to both HP and VP

1 A straight Line AB is considered to be kept parallel to both HP and VP

November 11, 2016

Case1:Line parallel to both HP and VP

1 A straight Line AB is considered to be kept parallel to both HP and VP

November 11, 2016

Case1:Line parallel to both HP and VP

1 A straight Line AB is considered to be kept parallel to both HP and VP

November 11, 2016

Drawing orthographic projection for line parallel to HP and

November 11, 2016

Drawing orthographic projection for line parallel to HP and

November 11, 2016

Drawing orthographic projection for line parallel to HP and

November 11, 2016

Drawing orthographic projection for line parallel to HP and

November 11, 2016

Drawing orthographic projection for line parallel to HP and

November 11, 2016

6 draw a vertical projector passing through b and perpendicular to

November 11, 2016

Problem1: Line parallel to both HP and VP

Problem1:Draw the projections of 50 mm long horizontal line, which is

November 11, 2016

Solution for Problem 1

November 11, 2016

Construction Procedure for line parallel to HP and VP

1 Draw horizontal X Y line as reference line.(thin line)

November 11, 2016

Construction Procedure for line parallel to HP and VP

1 Draw horizontal X Y line as reference line.(thin line)

November 11, 2016

Construction Procedure for line parallel to HP and VP

1 Draw horizontal X Y line as reference line.(thin line)