Obat Aman Untuk Busui

Daftar obat-obatan yang boleh untuk ibu menyusui dan ibu hamil
Lactation Risk Categories
Pregnancy Risk Categories
L1 (Paling Aman)
A (studi terkontrol menunjukkan tanpa resiko)
L2 (Aman)
B (tidak ada bukti risiko pada manusia)
L3 (Cukup Aman)
C (risiko tidak dapat dikesampingkan)
L4 (Kemungkinan Barbahaya)
D (bukti positif resiko)
L5 (Kontra Indikasi)
X (dikontraindikasikan untuk Ibu Hamil)
Generic name
Trade Name
AAP approved?*
Pregnancy
Risk
Category**
Lactation Risk
Category**
Approved/diseujui
L1
Analgesics (Pain-killers) [more]

Acetaminophen
Tylenol
Colchicine
Colchicine
Approved
L4
Nefopam
Acupan
Approved
NR
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory analgesics (NSAIDs) [more]

Azapropazone
(apazone)
Rheumox
Approved
L2
Dipyrone (banned
in the US & UK)
Approved
NR
Flufenamic acid
Approved
NR
Ibuprofen
Advil, Nuprin,
Motrin, Pediaprofin
Approved
B (1st, 2nd
trim.)
D (3rd
trim.)
L1
Approved
B (1st, 2nd
trim.)
D (3rd
trim.)
L3
L2
Indomethacin
Indocin
Ketorolac
Toradol, Acular
Approved
B (1st, 2nd
trim.)
D (3rd
trim.)
Mefenamic acid
Ponstan, Ponstel
Approved
NR
Naproxen
Anaprox,
Naprosyn,
Naproxen, Aleve
Approved
L3
L4 (for chronic use)
Phenylbutazone
Butazolidine
Approved
NR
Piroxicam
Feldene
Approved
L2
Suprofen
Profenal
Approved
NR
Tolmetin
Tolectin
Approved
L3
Narcotic analgesics [more]

Butorphanol
Stadol
Approved
B
(1st,
2nd
trim.)
L3
D
(3rd
trim.)
Codeine
Tylenol #3, #4
Approved
L3
Fentanyl
Sublimaze
Approved
L2
Meperidine
Demerol
Approved
L2
L3 (if used
early
postpartum)
Methadone
Dolophine
Approved
L3
Morphine
Morphine
Approved
L3
Propoxyphene
Darvocet N, Propacet,
Darvon
Approved
L2
Anesthesia, Anesthetics [more]
[contents]
Halothane
Fluothane
Approved
L2
Lidocaine
Xylocaine
Approved
L2
Methohexital
Brevital
Approved
L3
Thiopental
Pentothal
Approved
L3
Antacids, GI meds
[contents]
Cimetidine (Antacid)
Tagamet
Approved
L2
Cisapride (GI tract stimulant)
Propulsid
Approved
L2
Approved
L1
Domperidone (used for nausea

& vomiting, stimulates
Motilum
lactation) [more]
Antibiotics
[contents]
Amoxicillin
Larotid, Amoxil
Approved
L1
Aztreonam
Azactam
Approved
L2
Cefadroxil
Ultracef, Duricef
Approved
L1
Cefazolin
Ancef, Kefzol
Approved
L1
Cefotaxime
Claforan
Approved
L2
Cefoxitin
Mefoxin
Approved
L1
Cefprozil
Cefzil
Approved
L1
Ceftazidime
Ceftazidime, Fortaz,
Taxidime
Approved
L1
Ceftriaxone
Rocephin
Approved
L2
Ciprofloxacin [more]
Cipro
Approved
L3
Clindamycin
Cleocin
Approved
L3
Erythromycin
E-Mycin, Ery-tab, ERYC,

Ilosone
Approved
L1
L3 early
postnatal
Fleroxacin
Approved
NR
Gentamicin
Garamycin
Approved
L2
Kanamycin
Kebecil, Kantrex
Approved
L2
Moxalactam
Moxam
Approved
NR
Nitrofurantoin
Macrobid
Approved
L2
Ofloxacin
Floxin
Approved
L2
Penicillin
Approved
L1
Streptomycin
Streptomycin
Approved
L3
Sulbactam
Approved
NR
Sulfisoxazole
Gantrisin, Azo-Gantrisin
Approved
L2
Tetracycline
Achromycin, Sumycin,
Approved
L2
Terramycin
Ticarcillin
Ticarcillin, Ticar, Timentin
Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazol
Proloprim, Trimpex
e
Approved
L1
Approved
L3
Anticoagulants
[contents]
Bishydroxycoumarin
(dicumarol)
Approved
NR
Warfarin
Coumadin, Panwarfin
Approved
L2
Anticonvulsants
[contents]
Carbamazepine
Tegretol, Epitol
Approved
L2
Ethosuximide
Zarontin
Approved
L4
Magnesium sulfate
Epsom salt
Approved
L1
Phenytoin
Dilantin
Approved
L2
Valproic acid
Depakene, Depakote
Approved
L2
Antifungals
[contents]
Fluconazole [more]
Diflucan
Approved
L2
Ketoconazole
Nizoral Shampoo, Nizoral
Approved
L2
Antihistamines [more]
[contents]
Dexbrompheniramine maleate
with d-isoephedrine
Approved
NR
Fexofenadine
Allegra
Approved
L2
Loratadine
Claritin
Approved
L1
Terfenadine
Seldane
Approved
NR
Triprolidine
Actidil, Actifed
Approved
L1
Antivirals
[contents]
Acyclovir [more]
Zovirax
Approved
L2
Interferon-alpha [more]
Alferon N, Interferon Alpha
Approved
L2
Arthritis meds (see also: pain meds)

Gold salts
Ridaura, Myochrysine,
Solganal
[contents]
Approved
Asthma meds (see also: steroids)
L5
[contents]
Dyphylline
Dilor, Lufyllin, Dyphylline
Approved
L3
Terbutaline
Bricanyl, Brethine
Approved
L2
Theophylline
Aminophylline, Quibron,
Theo-Dur
Approved
L3
Contraceptives, Hormones [more]
[contents]
Estradiol
Estratab, Permarin, Menest
Approved
L3 (may
interfere with
milk
production)
Clogestone
Approved
NR
Contraceptive pill with

estrogen/progesterone
Preven, Seasonale, Norinyl,

Norlestin, Ortho-Novum,
Ovral, Lunelle injection,
Ortho-Evra patch, etc.
Approved
L3 (may
interfere with
milk
production)
Levonorgestrel
Norplant, Mirena, Plan B
Approved
L2
Medroxyprogesterone
Provera, Depo-Provera,
Cycrin
Approved
L1
L4 (if used
first 3 days
postpartum)
Norethynodrel
Enovid
Approved
L2
Progesterone
Crinone, Prometrium
Approved
L3
Cough meds [more]
[contents]
Codeine
Tylenol #3, #4
Approved
L3
Noscapine
Approved
NR
Decongestants [more]
Pseudoephedrine
[contents]
Sudafed, Halofed, Novafed,
Actifed
Approved
Diabetes meds
L3 (for acute
use)
L4 (for
chronic use)
[contents]
Note: Insulin has not been reviewed by the AAP. Pregnancy risk category = B; Lactation risk
category = L1.
Tolbutamide
Oramide, Orinase
Approved
Diarrhea meds
Loperamide
L3
[contents]
Imodium, Pepto Diarrhea

Control, Maalox Antidiarrheal
Caplets, Kaopectate II
Approved
Caplets, Immodium
Advanced
L2
** Note: Pepto-Bismol & Kaopectate (bismuth subsalicylate is the active ingredient in both)
are not recommended for routine use by nursing moms, due to the association of salicylates
with Reyes syndrome in children. [more]
Diuretics
[contents]
Acetazolamide
Dazamide, Diamox
Approved
L2
Bendroflumethiazide
Naturetin
Approved
L4 (may inhibit
lactation)
Chlorothiazide
Hydrodiuril
Approved
L3
Chlorthalidone
Hygroton
Approved
L3
Hydrochlorothiazide
Hydrodiuril, Esidrix,
Oretic
Approved
L2
Spironolactone
Aldactone
Approved
L2
Galactagogues (milk supply) [more]

Domperidone
Motilum
[contents]
Approved
Heart, Blood Pressure meds

(Antiarrhythmics, Antihypertensives, Cardiac stimulants)
L1
[contents]
Antiarrhythmics
Disopyramide
Norpace, Napamide
Approved
L2
Flecainide
Tambocor
Approved
L3
Mexiletine
Mexitil
Approved
L2
Procainamide
Pronestyl, Procan
Approved
L3
Quinidine
Quinaglute, Quinidex
Approved
L2
Capoten
Approved
L3 (if used after

30 days)
Approved
L3
L2
Antihypertensives
Captopril
Cardizem Sr, DilacorDiltiazem/Diltiazem HCL XR, Diltiazem,

Cardizem CD
Enalapril/Enalapril
Maleate
Vasotec
Approved
C (1st
trim.)
D (2nd,
3rd
trim.)
Hydralazine
Apresoline
Approved
L2
Labetalol
Trandate, Normodyne
Approved
L2
Methyldopa
Aldomet
Approved
L2
Metoprolol
Toprol XL, Lopressor
Approved
L3
Minoxidil
Loniten, Minodyl,
Rogaine
Approved
L2 (topically)
L3 (orally)
Nadolol
Corgard, Nadolol
Approved
L4
Nifedipine
Adalat, Procardia
Approved
L2
Oxprenolol
Apsolox, Slow-Trasicor,
Trasicor
Approved
NR
Propranolol
Inderol
Approved
L2
Sotalol
Betapace
Approved
L3
Timolol
Blocadren
Approved
L2
Verapamil
Calan, Isoptin, CoveraHS
Approved
L2
Lanoxin, Lanoxicaps
Approved
L2
Cardiac stimulants
Digoxin
Laxatives [more]
[contents]
Cascara/Cascara
Sagrada
Approved
L3
Danthron
Approved
NR
Magnesium sulfate
Epsom salt
Approved
L1
Senna
Approved
L3
Malaria meds
[contents]
Chloroquine
Aralen, Novochloroquine
Approved
L3
Hydroxychloroquine
Plaquenil
Approved
L2
Pyrimethamine
Daraprim
Approved
L4
Quinine
Quinamm
Approved
L2
Medical Testing [more]
[contents]
Diatrizoate
Approved
NR
Fluorescein
Approved
L3
Gadopentetic
(Gadolinium)
Approved
L2
Iohexol
Omnipaque
Approved
L2
Iopanoic acid
Telepaque
Approved
L2
Metrizamide
Amipaque
Approved
L2
Metrizoate
Isopaque
Approved
L2
Migraine meds (see also: pain meds) [more]

Sumatriptan
Imitrex
[contents]
Approved
Sedatives [more]
Chloral hydrate
L3
[contents]
Aquachloral, Noctec
Approved
L3
Methyprylon (withdrawn
from use in US &
Canada)
Approved
NR
Bromide
Approved
L5
Secobarbital
Seconal
Approved
L3
Sleep Aids
Zolpidem/Zolpidem
Tartrate
[contents]
Ambien
Approved
Steroids
Methylprednisolone
[
high dosage
methylprednisolone]
L3
[contents]
Solu-Medrol, DepoMedrol, Medrol
Approved
L2
Prednisolone
Approved
L2
Prednisone
Deltasone, Meticorten,
Orasone
Approved
L2
Thyroid meds [more]
[contents]
Carbimazole
Approved
L3
Methimazole (active
metabolite of
carbimazole)
Tapazole
Approved
L3
Propylthiouracil
PTU
Approved
L2
Thiouracil
Approved
NR
Levothyroxine
Synthroid, Levothroid,
Thyroid, Levo-T,
Levoxyl
Approved
L1
Tuberculosis meds
[contents]
Cycloserine
Seromycin
Approved
L3
Ethambutol
Ethambutol,
Myambutol
Approved
L2
Isoniazid
INH, Laniazid
Approved
L3
Rifampin
Rifadin, Rimactane
Approved
L2
Vitamins [more]
[contents]
B-1 (thiamin)
Approved
NR
B-12 (Cyanocobalamin)
Approved
L1
B-6 (pyridoxine)
Approved
L2; L4 in high
doses (may
inhibit lactation)
D, vitamin
Calciferol, Delta-d
Approved
L3 (do not
overdose)
L1
Folic acid
Approved
A (1st,
2nd
trim.)
C (3rd
trim.)
K-1, vitamin
(Phytonadione)
Approved
L1
Riboflavin/B2
Disetujui
L1
Miscellaneous
[contents]
Acitretin (Anti-psoriasis)
Soriatane
Disetujui
NR
Alcohol/Ethanol [more]
Disetujui
L3
Allopurinol
Zyloprim, Lopurin
L2
Antimony
NR
L3
L2
L2
NR
Disetujui
Disetujui
Atropine (Anticholinergic,
Belladonna, Atropine
drying agent)
Disetujui
Azapropazone/apazone
(Antirheumatic)
Rheumox
Disetujui
Baclofen (muscle
relaxant)
Lioresal, Atrofen
Barbiturate
Disetujui
Disetujui
Caffeine [more]
Vivarin, NoDoz, Coffee
Carbetocin
(Antihemorrhagic)
Duratocin
Chloroform
Cisplatin (Anti-cancer)
Platinol
Dapsone (Antileprosy)
Avlosulfon, DDS
Hydroxychloroquine
(Antirheumatic, lupus)
Plaquenil
Iodides
Iodine
Iodine (povidone-iodine,
eg, in a vaginal douche)
Ivermectin (Antiparasitic) Mectizan
Nalidixic acid (Urinary
Anti-infective)
NegGram
Norsteroids
Pyridostigmine (Muscle
stimulant)
Mestinon, Regonol
Scopolamine (Motion
sickness)
Transderm Scope
Sulfapyridine
Dagenan
Timolol (glaucoma med) Blocadren
Disetujui
Disetujui
Disetujui
Disetujui
Disetujui
Disetujui
Disetujui
Disetujui
Disetujui
Disetujui
Disetujui
Disetujui
Disetujui
Disetujui
Disetujui
Disetujui
L2
NR
NR
L4
L4
L2
NR
NR
NR
L3
L4
NR
L2
L3
NR
L3
* Per the AAP Policy Statement The Transfer of Drugs and Other Chemicals Into Human Milk,
revised September 2001.
Approved: (Table 6) Maternal Medication Usually Compatible With Breastfeeding
Caution: (Table 5) Drugs That Have Been Associated With Significant Effects on Some
Nursing Infants and Should Be Given to Nursing Mothers With Caution
NR: Not Reviewed. This drug has not yet been reviewed by the AAP.
** Per Medications' and Mothers' Milk by Thomas Hale, PhD (2004 edition).
L1 (Paling Aman)
L2 (Aman)
L3 (Cukup Aman)
NR: Not Reviewed. This drug has
pernah kita mendegar bahwa bayi lahir tidak normal atau cacat?
banyak penyebab bayi lahir tidak normal salah satunya yaitu obat-obat yang
tidak aman yang dikonsumsi oleh ibu pada waktu sedang mengandung.,
berikut daftar obat yang aman maupun tidak aman untuk ibu hamil dan
menyusui
Kelompok Analgetik, NSAIDS, Obat Batuk dan Pilek,
Anti Alergi dan Asma, Anestesi
Obat untuk Penghilang Rasa Sakit (Pain Killer)
AAP
Kategori Risiko
Nama Obat
approved?*
Kehamilan**
Acetaminophen (Tylenol)
Approved
B
C (1st, 2nd trim.)
Aspirin
Caution
D (3rd trim.)
Azapropazone
Approved
(Rheumox)
Butalbital (Fioricet,
NR
D
Fiorinal, Bancap, Two-dyne)
B (1st, 2nd trim.)
Butorphanol (Stadol)
Approved
D (3rd trim.)
Celecoxib (Celebrex))
NR
C
Codeine (in Tylenol #3,
Approved
C
#4)
Colchicine
Approved
D
Diclofenac (Cataflam,
NR
B
Voltaren)
Fentanyl (Sublimaze)
Approved
B
Flurbiprofen (Ansaid,
B (1st, 2nd trim.)
NR
Froben, Ocufen)
C (3rd trim.)
Hydrocodone (Lortab,
NR
B
Vicodin)
Hydromorphone
NR
C
(Dilaudid)
Ibuprofen (Advil, Nuprin,
B (1st, 2nd trim.)
Approved
Motrin, Pediaprofen)
D (3rd trim.)
B (1st, 2nd trim.)
Indomethacin (Indocin)
Approved
D (3rd trim.)
B (1st, 2nd trim.)
Ketorolac (Toradol, Acular)
Approved
D (3rd trim.)
Risiko
Menyusui**
L1
Not
es
L3
L2
L3
L3
L2
L3
L2
L2
L2
L3
L3
L1
L3
L2
Meperidine (Demerol)
Approved
Methadone (Dolophine)
Morphine (Duramorph,
Infumorph, Epimorph, MS
Contin)
Nalbuphine (Nubain)
Approved
Approved
L3
NR
Approved
Approved
NR
L2
L3;
L4 for chronic
use
NR
L3
Nefopam (Acupan)
Oxycodone (Tylox,
Percodan,Oxycontin,
Roxicet, Endocet, Roxiprin,
L4
L2;
L3 early
postpartum
L3
Naproxen (Anaprox,
Naprosyn, Naproxen, Aleve)
6
7
8
10
Percocet)
Pentosan polysulfate
(Elmiron)
Piroxicam (Feldene)
Propoxyphene (Darvocet
N, Propacet, Darvon)
Rofecoxib (Vioxx)
Secobarbital (Seconal)
Tolmetin (Tolectin)
Tramadol HCL (Ultram,
Ultracet)
NR
L2
Approved
L2
Approved
L2
Withdrawn from the market

Approved
D
Approved
C
NR
L3
L3
L3
11
12
13
14
mor
e
* Per the AAP Policy Statement The Transfer of Drugs and Other Chemicals Into Human
Milk, revised September 2001.
Valdecoxib (Bextra)
Caution: (Table 5) Drugs That Have Been Associated With Significant Effects on
Some Nursing Infants and Should Be Given to Nursing Mothers With Caution
** Per Medications and Mothers Milk by Thomas Hale, PhD (2004 edition).
L1 (safest)
A (controlled studies show no risk)
L2 (safer)
B (no evidence of risk in humans)
L3 (moderately safe)
C (risk cannot be ruled out)
L4 (possibly hazardous)
D (positive evidence of risk)
L5 (contraindicated)
X (contraindicated in pregnancy)
NR: Not Reviewed. This drug has not yet been reviewed by Hale.
1. Aspirin use is discouraged in children and nursing mothers due to the risk of
Reyes syndrome and internal bleeding.
2. Fioricet (Fiorinal, Bancap, Two-dyne) contains acetaminaphen or asprin, caffeine,
and butalbital. Per Hale, baby should be observed for sedation.
3. Hale suggests weakened or premature infants be observed for sedation and
apnea.
4. Hale suggests newborns be observed for sedation, apnea, constipation.
5. Per Hale, use of frequent, higher dose may result in infant sedation.
6. Per Hale, Meperidine use during labor or early postpartum has been associated
with sedation, poor sucking reflex, and neurobehavioral delay in infants.
7. Per Hale, observe infant for sedation, respiratory depression, addiction, withdrawal
syndrome.
8. Per Hale, higher doses may result in infant sedation.

9. Per Hale, should be used with caution due to its long half-life and its effect on
babys cardiovascular system, kidneys and GI tract; short-term, infrequent or
occasional use is not necessarily incompatible with breastfeeding.
10.Roxicet, Endocet, Roxiprin, Percocet also contain acetaminophen. Per Hale,
observe infant for sedation.
11.Per Hale, observe infant for sedation.
12.Per Hale, observe infant for GI cramping, distress, diarrhea.
AAP
Kategori
Nama Generik
Nama Dagang
approve
Risiko
d?*
Kehamilan**
Approve
Azapropazone (apazone) Rheumox
d
Dipyrone (banned in the
Approve
US & UK)
d
Approve
d
L2
NR
Flufenamic acid
Ibuprofen
Advil, Nuprin, Motrin, Approve

Pediaprofin
d
L1
Indomethacin
Indocin
L3
Ketorolac
Toradol, Acular
Mefenamic acid
Ponstan, Ponstel
Naproxen
Anaprox, Naprosyn,
Naproxen, Aleve
Phenylbutazone
Butazolidine
Piroxicam
Feldene
Suprofen
Profenal
Tolmetin
Tolectin
Steroid
Methylprednisolone
[ high dosage
methylprednisolone]
Prednisolone
Risiko
Menyusui**
B (1st, 2nd
trim.)
D (3rd trim.)
B (1st, 2nd
Approve
trim.)
d
D (3rd trim.)
B (1st, 2nd
Approve
trim.)
d
D (3rd trim.)
Approve
d
Approve
d
Approve
d
Approve
d
Approve
d
Approve
d
NR
L2
NR
L3
L4 (for chronic
use)
NR
L2
NR
L3
[contents]
Approve
d
L2
Approve
d
L2
Prednisone
Deltasone,
Meticorten, Orasone
Approve
d
Obat Asma
L2
[contents]
Dyphylline
Dilor, Lufyllin,
Dyphylline
Terbutaline
Bricanyl, Brethine
Theophylline
Aminophylline,
Quibron, Theo-Dur
Approve
d
Approve
d
Approve
d
L3
L2
L3
Approve
d
B (1st, 2nd
trim.)
D (3rd trim.)
L3
L3
L2
L2
L3 (if used early
postpartum)
L3
L3
L2
Analgetik Narkotik [more]

Butorphanol
Stadol
Codeine
Tylenol #3, #4
Fentanyl
Sublimaze
Meperidine
Demerol
Methadone
Dolophine
Morphine
Propoxyphene
Approve
d
Approve
d
Approve
d
Approve
d
Approve
Morphine
d
Darvocet N, Propacet, Approve
Darvon
d
Obat Batuk
AAP
approved?*
Codeine
yes
Dextromethorphan
not reviewed
Guaifenesin
not reviewed
Dekongestan (Obat Pilek)
AAP
Nama Obat
approved?*
Phenylephrine
not reviewed
Nama Obat
Risiko Menyusui**
L1 (safest)
L2 (safer)
Risiko Menyusui**
L3 (moderately safe) for acute use
Pseudoephedrine
yes
L4 (possibly hazardous) for chronic use due to potential
(Sudafed, Actifed)
for decreasing milk supply
** Per Medications and Mothers Milk by Thomas Hale, PhD (2006 edition)
Nasal Sprays (Spray Hidung)
AAP
Nama Obat
Risiko Menyusui**
approved?*
Beclomethasone
(Vanceril, Beclovent,
not reviewed
L2 (safer)
Beconase, Vancenase)
Cromlyn sodium
not reviewed
L1 (safest)
(Nasalcrom)
Fluticasone (Flonase)
not reviewed
Mometasone
not reviewed
(Nasonex)
Phenylephrine (in
some forms of Sinex
not reviewed
and Neo-Synephrine)
Triamcinolone
not reviewed
Acetonide (Nasacort)
Antihistamin (Anti Alergi)
AAP
Nama Obat
Risiko Menyusui**
approved?*
Brompheniramine
not reviewed
Chlorpheniramine
not reviewed
(Chlor-Trimeton) CTM
Cetirizine (Zyrtec)
not reviewed
L2 (safer)
Dexbrompheniramine
maleate
yes
not reviewed
with d-isoephedrine
Diphenhydramine
not reviewed
L2 (safer)
(Benadryl)
Doxylamine
not reviewed
Fexofenadine (Allegra)
yes
Loratadine (Claritin)
yes
L2 (safer)
Terfenadine (Seldane)
yes
not reviewed
Triprolidine (Actidil,
yes
L1 (safest)
Actifed)
Daftar obat-obatan yang boleh untuk ibu menyusui dan ibu hamil
L1 (Paling Aman)
L2 (Aman)
L3 (Cukup Aman)
Generic name
Trade Name
AAP approved?*
Pregnancy
Risk
Category**
Lactation Risk
Category**
Approved/diseujui
L1
Approved
L4
Analgesics (Pain-killers) [more]

Acetaminophen
Tylenol
Colchicine
Colchicine
Nefopam
Acupan
Approved
NR

Azapropazone
(apazone)
Rheumox
Approved
L2
Dipyrone (banned
in the US & UK)
Approved
NR
Flufenamic acid
Approved
NR
Ibuprofen
Advil, Nuprin,
Motrin, Pediaprofin
Approved
B (1st, 2nd
trim.)
D (3rd
trim.)
L1
Approved
B (1st, 2nd
trim.)
D (3rd
trim.)
L3
L2
Indomethacin
Indocin
Ketorolac
Toradol, Acular
Approved
B (1st, 2nd
trim.)
D (3rd
trim.)
Mefenamic acid
Ponstan, Ponstel
Approved
NR
Naproxen
Anaprox,
Naprosyn,
Naproxen, Aleve
Approved
L3
L4 (for chronic use)
Phenylbutazone
Butazolidine
Approved
NR
Piroxicam
Feldene
Approved
L2
Suprofen
Profenal
Approved
NR
Tolmetin
Tolectin
Approved
L3
Narcotic analgesics [more]
Butorphanol
Stadol
B
(1st,
2nd
Approved trim.)
D
(3rd
trim.)
Codeine
Tylenol #3, #4
Approved
L3
Fentanyl
Sublimaze
Approved
L2
L3
Meperidine
Demerol
Approved
L2
L3 (if used
early
postpartum)
Methadone
Dolophine
Approved
L3
Morphine
Morphine
Approved
L3
Propoxyphene
Darvocet N, Propacet,
Darvon
Approved
L2
Anesthesia, Anesthetics [more]
[contents]
Halothane
Fluothane
Approved
L2
Lidocaine
Xylocaine
Approved
L2
Methohexital
Brevital
Approved
L3
Thiopental
Pentothal
Approved
L3
Antacids, GI meds
[contents]
Cimetidine (Antacid)
Tagamet
Approved
L2
Cisapride (GI tract stimulant)
Propulsid
Approved
L2
Approved
L1
Domperidone (used for nausea Motilum

& vomiting, stimulates
lactation) [more]
Antibiotics
[contents]
Amoxicillin
Larotid, Amoxil
Approved
L1
Aztreonam
Azactam
Approved
L2
Cefadroxil
Ultracef, Duricef
Approved
L1
Cefazolin
Ancef, Kefzol
Approved
L1
Cefotaxime
Claforan
Approved
L2
Cefoxitin
Mefoxin
Approved
L1
Cefprozil
Cefzil
Approved
L1
Ceftazidime
Ceftazidime, Fortaz,
Taxidime
Approved
L1
Ceftriaxone
Rocephin
Approved
L2
Ciprofloxacin [more]
Cipro
Approved
L3
Clindamycin
Cleocin
Approved
L3
Erythromycin
E-Mycin, Ery-tab, ERYC,

Ilosone
Approved
L1
L3 early
postnatal
Fleroxacin
Approved
NR
Gentamicin
Garamycin
Approved
L2
Kanamycin
Kebecil, Kantrex
Approved
L2
Moxalactam
Moxam
Approved
NR
Nitrofurantoin
Macrobid
Approved
L2
Ofloxacin
Floxin
Approved
L2
Penicillin
Approved
L1
Streptomycin
Streptomycin
Approved
L3
Sulbactam
Approved
NR
Sulfisoxazole
Gantrisin, Azo-Gantrisin
Approved
L2
Tetracycline
Achromycin, Sumycin,
Terramycin
Approved
L2
Ticarcillin
Ticarcillin, Ticar, Timentin
Approved
L1
Approved
L3
Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazol
Proloprim, Trimpex
e
Anticoagulants
[contents]
Bishydroxycoumarin
(dicumarol)
Approved
NR
Warfarin
Coumadin, Panwarfin
Approved
L2
Anticonvulsants
[contents]
Carbamazepine
Tegretol, Epitol
Approved
L2
Ethosuximide
Zarontin
Approved
L4
Magnesium sulfate
Epsom salt
Approved
L1
Phenytoin
Dilantin
Approved
L2
Valproic acid
Depakene, Depakote
Approved
L2
Antifungals
[contents]
Fluconazole [more]
Diflucan
Approved
L2
Ketoconazole
Nizoral Shampoo, Nizoral
Approved
L2
Antihistamines [more]
[contents]
Dexbrompheniramine maleate
with d-isoephedrine
Approved
NR
Fexofenadine
Allegra
Approved
L2
Loratadine
Claritin
Approved
L1
Terfenadine
Seldane
Approved
NR
Triprolidine
Actidil, Actifed
Approved
L1
Antivirals
[contents]
Acyclovir [more]
Zovirax
Approved
L2
Interferon-alpha [more]
Alferon N, Interferon Alpha
Approved
L2
Arthritis meds (see also: pain meds)

Gold salts
[contents]
Ridaura, Myochrysine,
Solganal
Approved
Asthma meds (see also: steroids)
L5
[contents]
Dyphylline
Dilor, Lufyllin, Dyphylline
Approved
L3
Terbutaline
Bricanyl, Brethine
Approved
L2
Theophylline
Aminophylline, Quibron,
Theo-Dur
Approved
L3
Contraceptives, Hormones [more]
[contents]
Estradiol
Estratab, Permarin, Menest
Approved
L3 (may
interfere with
milk
production)
Clogestone
Approved
NR
Contraceptive pill with

estrogen/progesterone
Preven, Seasonale, Norinyl,

Norlestin, Ortho-Novum,
Ovral, Lunelle injection,
Ortho-Evra patch, etc.
Approved
L3 (may
interfere with
milk
production)
Levonorgestrel
Norplant, Mirena, Plan B
Approved
L2
Medroxyprogesterone
Provera, Depo-Provera,
Cycrin
Approved
L1
L4 (if used
first 3 days
postpartum)
Norethynodrel
Enovid
Approved
L2
Progesterone
Crinone, Prometrium
Approved
L3
Cough meds [more]
[contents]
Codeine
Tylenol #3, #4
Approved
L3
Noscapine
Approved
NR
Decongestants [more]
Pseudoephedrine
[contents]
Sudafed, Halofed, Novafed,
Actifed
Approved
Diabetes meds
L3 (for acute
use)
L4 (for
chronic use)
[contents]
Note: Insulin has not been reviewed by the AAP. Pregnancy risk category = B; Lactation risk
category = L1.
Tolbutamide
Oramide, Orinase
Approved
Diarrhea meds
Loperamide
L3
[contents]
Imodium, Pepto Diarrhea

Control, Maalox Antidiarrheal
Caplets, Kaopectate II
Approved
Caplets, Immodium
Advanced
L2
** Note: Pepto-Bismol & Kaopectate (bismuth subsalicylate is the active ingredient in both)
are not recommended for routine use by nursing moms, due to the association of salicylates
with Reyes syndrome in children. [more]
Diuretics
[contents]
Acetazolamide
Dazamide, Diamox
Approved
L2
Bendroflumethiazide
Naturetin
Approved
L4 (may inhibit
lactation)
Chlorothiazide
Hydrodiuril
Approved
L3
Chlorthalidone
Hygroton
Approved
L3
Hydrochlorothiazide
Hydrodiuril, Esidrix,
Oretic
Approved
L2
Spironolactone
Aldactone
Approved
L2
Galactagogues (milk supply) [more]

Domperidone
Motilum
[contents]
Approved
Heart, Blood Pressure meds

(Antiarrhythmics, Antihypertensives, Cardiac stimulants)
L1
[contents]
Antiarrhythmics
Disopyramide
Norpace, Napamide
Approved
L2
Flecainide
Tambocor
Approved
L3
Mexiletine
Mexitil
Approved
L2
Procainamide
Pronestyl, Procan
Approved
L3
Quinidine
Quinaglute, Quinidex
Approved
L2
Capoten
Approved
L3 (if used after

30 days)
Approved
L3
L2
Antihypertensives
Captopril
Cardizem Sr, DilacorDiltiazem/Diltiazem HCL XR, Diltiazem,

Cardizem CD
Enalapril/Enalapril
Maleate
Vasotec
Approved
C (1st
trim.)
D (2nd,
3rd
trim.)
Hydralazine
Apresoline
Approved
L2
Labetalol
Trandate, Normodyne
Approved
L2
Methyldopa
Aldomet
Approved
L2
Metoprolol
Toprol XL, Lopressor
Approved
L3
Minoxidil
Loniten, Minodyl,
Rogaine
Approved
L2 (topically)
L3 (orally)
Nadolol
Corgard, Nadolol
Approved
L4
Nifedipine
Adalat, Procardia
Approved
L2
Oxprenolol
Apsolox, Slow-Trasicor,
Trasicor
Approved
NR
Propranolol
Inderol
Approved
L2
Sotalol
Betapace
Approved
L3
Timolol
Blocadren
Approved
L2
Verapamil
Calan, Isoptin, CoveraHS
Approved
L2
Lanoxin, Lanoxicaps
Approved
L2
Cardiac stimulants
Digoxin
Laxatives [more]
[contents]
Cascara/Cascara
Sagrada
Approved
L3
Danthron
Approved
NR
Magnesium sulfate
Epsom salt
Approved
L1
Senna
Approved
L3
Malaria meds
Chloroquine
[contents]
Aralen, Novo-
Approved
L3
chloroquine
Hydroxychloroquine
Plaquenil
Approved
L2
Pyrimethamine
Daraprim
Approved
L4
Quinine
Quinamm
Approved
L2
Medical Testing [more]
[contents]
Diatrizoate
Approved
NR
Fluorescein
Approved
L3
Gadopentetic
(Gadolinium)
Approved
L2
Iohexol
Omnipaque
Approved
L2
Iopanoic acid
Telepaque
Approved
L2
Metrizamide
Amipaque
Approved
L2
Metrizoate
Isopaque
Approved
L2
Migraine meds (see also: pain meds) [more]

Sumatriptan
Imitrex
[contents]
Approved
Sedatives [more]
Chloral hydrate
L3
[contents]
Aquachloral, Noctec
Approved
L3
Methyprylon (withdrawn
from use in US &
Canada)
Approved
NR
Bromide
Approved
L5
Secobarbital
Seconal
Approved
L3
Sleep Aids
Zolpidem/Zolpidem
Tartrate
[contents]
Ambien
Approved
Steroids
L3
[contents]
Methylprednisolone
[
high dosage
methylprednisolone]
Approved
L2
Prednisolone
Approved
L2
Prednisone
Deltasone, Meticorten,
Orasone
Approved
L2
Thyroid meds [more]
[contents]
Carbimazole
Approved
L3
Methimazole (active
metabolite of
carbimazole)
Tapazole
Approved
L3
Propylthiouracil
PTU
Approved
L2
Thiouracil
Approved
NR
Levothyroxine
Synthroid, Levothroid,
Thyroid, Levo-T,
Levoxyl
Approved
L1
Tuberculosis meds
[contents]
Cycloserine
Seromycin
Approved
L3
Ethambutol
Ethambutol,
Myambutol
Approved
L2
Isoniazid
INH, Laniazid
Approved
L3
Rifampin
Rifadin, Rimactane
Approved
L2
Vitamins [more]
[contents]
B-1 (thiamin)
Approved
NR
B-12 (Cyanocobalamin)
Approved
L1
B-6 (pyridoxine)
Approved
L2; L4 in high
doses (may
inhibit lactation)
D, vitamin
Calciferol, Delta-d
Approved
L3 (do not
overdose)
L1
Folic acid
Approved
A (1st,
2nd
trim.)
C (3rd
trim.)
K-1, vitamin
(Phytonadione)
Approved
L1
Riboflavin/B2
Disetujui
L1
Miscellaneous
[contents]
Acitretin (Anti-psoriasis)
Soriatane
Disetujui
NR
Alcohol/Ethanol [more]
Disetujui
L3
Allopurinol
Zyloprim, Lopurin
L2
Antimony
NR
L3
L2
L2
NR
L2
NR
NR
L4
L4
L2
NR
NR
Disetujui
Disetujui
Atropine (Anticholinergic,
Belladonna, Atropine
drying agent)
Disetujui
Azapropazone/apazone
(Antirheumatic)
Rheumox
Disetujui
Baclofen (muscle
relaxant)
Lioresal, Atrofen
Barbiturate
Caffeine [more]
Vivarin, NoDoz, Coffee
Carbetocin
(Antihemorrhagic)
Duratocin
Chloroform
Cisplatin (Anti-cancer)
Platinol
Dapsone (Antileprosy)
Avlosulfon, DDS
Hydroxychloroquine
(Antirheumatic, lupus)
Plaquenil
Iodides
Iodine
Disetujui
Disetujui
Disetujui
Disetujui
Disetujui
Disetujui
Disetujui
Disetujui
Disetujui
Disetujui
Iodine (povidone-iodine,
eg, in a vaginal douche)
NR
L3
L4
NR
L2
L3
NR
L3
Disetujui
Ivermectin (Antiparasitic) Mectizan

Nalidixic acid (Urinary
Anti-infective)
NegGram
Norsteroids
Pyridostigmine (Muscle
stimulant)
Mestinon, Regonol
Scopolamine (Motion
sickness)
Transderm Scope
Sulfapyridine
Dagenan
Disetujui
Disetujui
Disetujui
Disetujui
Disetujui
Disetujui
Timolol (glaucoma med) Blocadren
Disetujui
Caution: (Table 5) Drugs That Have Been Associated With Significant Effects on Some
Nursing Infants and Should Be Given to Nursing Mothers With Caution
** Per Medications' and Mothers' Milk by Thomas Hale, PhD (2004 edition).
L1 (Paling Aman)
L2 (Aman)
L3 (Cukup Aman)
NR: Not Reviewed. This drug has
pernah kita mendegar bahwa bayi lahir tidak normal atau cacat?
banyak penyebab bayi lahir tidak normal salah satunya yaitu obat-obat yang
tidak aman yang dikonsumsi oleh ibu pada waktu sedang mengandung.,
berikut daftar obat yang aman maupun tidak aman untuk ibu hamil dan
menyusui
Kelompok Analgetik, NSAIDS, Obat Batuk dan Pilek,
Anti Alergi dan Asma, Anestesi
Obat untuk Penghilang Rasa Sakit (Pain Killer)
AAP
Kategori Risiko
Nama Obat
approved?*
Kehamilan**
Acetaminophen (Tylenol)
Approved
B
C (1st, 2nd trim.)
Aspirin
Caution
D (3rd trim.)
Azapropazone
Approved
(Rheumox)
Butalbital (Fioricet,
NR
D
Fiorinal, Bancap, Two-dyne)
B (1st, 2nd trim.)
Butorphanol (Stadol)
Approved
D (3rd trim.)
Celecoxib (Celebrex))
NR
C
Codeine (in Tylenol #3,
Approved
C
#4)
Colchicine
Approved
D
Diclofenac (Cataflam,
NR
B
Voltaren)
Fentanyl (Sublimaze)
Approved
B
Flurbiprofen (Ansaid,
B (1st, 2nd trim.)
NR
Froben, Ocufen)
C (3rd trim.)
Hydrocodone (Lortab,
NR
B
Vicodin)
Hydromorphone
NR
C
(Dilaudid)
Ibuprofen (Advil, Nuprin,
B (1st, 2nd trim.)
Approved
Motrin, Pediaprofen)
D (3rd trim.)
B (1st, 2nd trim.)
Indomethacin (Indocin)
Approved
D (3rd trim.)
B (1st, 2nd trim.)
Ketorolac (Toradol, Acular)
Approved
D (3rd trim.)
Risiko
Menyusui**
L1
Not
es
L3
L2
L3
L3
L2
L3
L2
L2
L2
L3
L3
L1
L3
L2
Meperidine (Demerol)
Approved
Methadone (Dolophine)
Morphine (Duramorph,
Infumorph, Epimorph, MS
Contin)
Nalbuphine (Nubain)
Approved
Approved
L3
NR
Approved
Approved
NR
L2
L3;
L4 for chronic
use
NR
L3
Nefopam (Acupan)
Oxycodone (Tylox,
Percodan,Oxycontin,
Roxicet, Endocet, Roxiprin,
L4
L2;
L3 early
postpartum
L3
Naproxen (Anaprox,
Naprosyn, Naproxen, Aleve)
6
7
8
10
Percocet)
Pentosan polysulfate
(Elmiron)
Piroxicam (Feldene)
Propoxyphene (Darvocet
N, Propacet, Darvon)
Rofecoxib (Vioxx)
Secobarbital (Seconal)
Tolmetin (Tolectin)
Tramadol HCL (Ultram,
Ultracet)
NR
L2
Approved
L2
Approved
L2

Approved
D
Approved
C
NR
L3
L3
L3
11
12
13
14
mor
e
* Per the AAP Policy Statement The Transfer of Drugs and Other Chemicals Into Human
Milk, revised September 2001.
Valdecoxib (Bextra)
Caution: (Table 5) Drugs That Have Been Associated With Significant Effects on
Some Nursing Infants and Should Be Given to Nursing Mothers With Caution
** Per Medications and Mothers Milk by Thomas Hale, PhD (2004 edition).
L1 (safest)
A (controlled studies show no risk)
L2 (safer)
B (no evidence of risk in humans)
C (risk cannot be ruled out)
D (positive evidence of risk)
L5 (contraindicated)
X (contraindicated in pregnancy)
NR: Not Reviewed. This drug has not yet been reviewed by Hale.
15.Aspirin use is discouraged in children and nursing mothers due to the risk of
Reyes syndrome and internal bleeding.
16.Fioricet (Fiorinal, Bancap, Two-dyne) contains acetaminaphen or asprin, caffeine,
and butalbital. Per Hale, baby should be observed for sedation.
17.Hale suggests weakened or premature infants be observed for sedation and
apnea.
18.Hale suggests newborns be observed for sedation, apnea, constipation.
19.Per Hale, use of frequent, higher dose may result in infant sedation.
20.Per Hale, Meperidine use during labor or early postpartum has been associated
with sedation, poor sucking reflex, and neurobehavioral delay in infants.
21.Per Hale, observe infant for sedation, respiratory depression, addiction, withdrawal
syndrome.
22.Per Hale, higher doses may result in infant sedation.

23.Per Hale, should be used with caution due to its long half-life and its effect on
babys cardiovascular system, kidneys and GI tract; short-term, infrequent or
occasional use is not necessarily incompatible with breastfeeding.
24.Roxicet, Endocet, Roxiprin, Percocet also contain acetaminophen. Per Hale,
observe infant for sedation.
26.Per Hale, observe infant for GI cramping, distress, diarrhea.
AAP
Kategori
Nama Generik
Nama Dagang
approve
Risiko
d?*
Kehamilan**
Approve
Azapropazone (apazone) Rheumox
d
Dipyrone (banned in the
Approve
US & UK)
d
Approve
d
L2
NR
Flufenamic acid
Ibuprofen
Advil, Nuprin, Motrin, Approve

Pediaprofin
d
L1
Indomethacin
Indocin
L3
Ketorolac
Toradol, Acular
Mefenamic acid
Ponstan, Ponstel
Naproxen
Anaprox, Naprosyn,
Naproxen, Aleve
Phenylbutazone
Butazolidine
Piroxicam
Feldene
Suprofen
Profenal
Tolmetin
Tolectin
Steroid
Methylprednisolone
[ high dosage
methylprednisolone]
Prednisolone
Risiko
Menyusui**
B (1st, 2nd
trim.)
D (3rd trim.)
B (1st, 2nd
Approve
trim.)
d
D (3rd trim.)
B (1st, 2nd
Approve
trim.)
d
D (3rd trim.)
Approve
d
Approve
d
Approve
d
Approve
d
Approve
d
Approve
d
NR
L2
NR
L3
L4 (for chronic
use)
NR
L2
NR
L3
[contents]
Approve
d
L2
Approve
d
L2
Prednisone
Deltasone,
Meticorten, Orasone
Approve
d
Obat Asma
L2
[contents]
Dyphylline
Dilor, Lufyllin,
Dyphylline
Terbutaline
Bricanyl, Brethine
Theophylline
Aminophylline,
Quibron, Theo-Dur
Approve
d
Approve
d
Approve
d
L3
L2
L3
Approve
d
B (1st, 2nd
trim.)
D (3rd trim.)
L3
L3
L2
L2
L3 (if used early
postpartum)
L3
L3
L2
Analgetik Narkotik [more]

Butorphanol
Stadol
Codeine
Tylenol #3, #4
Fentanyl
Sublimaze
Meperidine
Demerol
Methadone
Dolophine
Morphine
Propoxyphene
Approve
d
Approve
d
Approve
d
Approve
d
Approve
Morphine
d
Darvocet N, Propacet, Approve
Darvon
d
Obat Batuk
AAP
approved?*
Codeine
yes
Dextromethorphan
not reviewed
Guaifenesin
not reviewed
Dekongestan (Obat Pilek)
AAP
Nama Obat
approved?*
Phenylephrine
not reviewed
Nama Obat
Risiko Menyusui**
L1 (safest)
L2 (safer)
Risiko Menyusui**
L3 (moderately safe) for acute use
Pseudoephedrine
yes
L4 (possibly hazardous) for chronic use due to potential
(Sudafed, Actifed)
for decreasing milk supply
Nasal Sprays (Spray Hidung)
AAP
Nama Obat
Risiko Menyusui**
approved?*
Beclomethasone
(Vanceril, Beclovent,
not reviewed
L2 (safer)
Beconase, Vancenase)
Cromlyn sodium
not reviewed
L1 (safest)
(Nasalcrom)
Fluticasone (Flonase)
not reviewed
Mometasone
not reviewed
(Nasonex)
Phenylephrine (in
some forms of Sinex
not reviewed
and Neo-Synephrine)
Triamcinolone
not reviewed
Acetonide (Nasacort)
Antihistamin (Anti Alergi)
AAP
Nama Obat
Risiko Menyusui**
approved?*
Brompheniramine
not reviewed
Chlorpheniramine
not reviewed
(Chlor-Trimeton) CTM
Cetirizine (Zyrtec)
not reviewed
L2 (safer)
Dexbrompheniramine
maleate
yes
not reviewed
with d-isoephedrine
Diphenhydramine
not reviewed
L2 (safer)
(Benadryl)
Doxylamine
not reviewed
Fexofenadine (Allegra)
yes
Loratadine (Claritin)
yes
L2 (safer)
Terfenadine (Seldane)
yes
not reviewed
Triprolidine (Actidil,
yes
L1 (safest)
Actifed)

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Lactation Risk Categories

Pregnancy Risk Categories

A (studi terkontrol menunjukkan tanpa resiko)

B (tidak ada bukti risiko pada manusia)

C (risiko tidak dapat dikesampingkan)

D (bukti positif resiko)

X (dikontraindikasikan untuk Ibu Hamil)

Analgesics (Pain-killers) [more]

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory analgesics (NSAIDs) [more]

Narcotic analgesics [more]

Anesthesia, Anesthetics [more]

Cisapride (GI tract stimulant)

Domperidone (used for nausea

E-Mycin, Ery-tab, ERYC,

Ticarcillin, Ticar, Timentin

Nizoral Shampoo, Nizoral

Alferon N, Interferon Alpha

Arthritis meds (see also: pain meds)

Asthma meds (see also: steroids)

Dilor, Lufyllin, Dyphylline

Contraceptives, Hormones [more]

Estratab, Permarin, Menest

Contraceptive pill with

Preven, Seasonale, Norinyl,

Norplant, Mirena, Plan B

Cough meds [more]

Imodium, Pepto Diarrhea

Galactagogues (milk supply) [more]

Heart, Blood Pressure meds

L3 (if used after

Cardizem Sr, DilacorDiltiazem/Diltiazem HCL XR, Diltiazem,

Toprol XL, Lopressor

Calan, Isoptin, CoveraHS

Medical Testing [more]

Migraine meds (see also: pain meds) [more]

Solu-Medrol, DepoMedrol, Medrol

Thyroid meds [more]

Vivarin, NoDoz, Coffee

Timolol (glaucoma med) Blocadren

Approved: (Table 6) Maternal Medication Usually Compatible With Breastfeeding

Pregnancy Risk Categories

A (studi terkontrol menunjukkan tanpa resiko)

B (tidak ada bukti risiko pada manusia)

C (risiko tidak dapat dikesampingkan)

D (bukti positif resiko)

X (dikontraindikasikan untuk Ibu Hamil)

NR: Not Reviewed. This drug has

Withdrawn from the market

Withdrawn from the market

Approved: (Table 6) Maternal Medication Usually Compatible With Breastfeeding

A (controlled studies show no risk)

B (no evidence of risk in humans)

C (risk cannot be ruled out)

D (positive evidence of risk)

8. Per Hale, higher doses may result in infant sedation.

Advil, Nuprin, Motrin, Approve

Solu-Medrol, DepoMedrol, Medrol

Analgetik Narkotik [more]

Pregnancy Risk Categories

A (studi terkontrol menunjukkan tanpa resiko)

B (tidak ada bukti risiko pada manusia)

C (risiko tidak dapat dikesampingkan)

D (bukti positif resiko)