I. INTRODUCTION
The type of antenna modeled and discussed in
this paper is shown in Fig. 1. The antenna consists
of an inner conducting sphere and two conducting
hemispheres. The hemispheres have a slightly
larger radius allowing them to be placed over the
inner conducting sphere without touching. There is
a small gap between the two hemispheres that
serves as the radiating aperture. The structure is
fed with SMA probes as shown in the diagram.
The construction of the antenna is such that the
inner volume is devoid of electromagnetic fields;
consequently, no energy is stored within the inner
sphere [1].
The structure itself was modeled using CST
with two feeds as shown in the diagram. The
feeds are symmetrically opposite located at 27 and
207 degrees as shown in Fig. 1. The top and
bottom of the outer hemispherical structures are
shorted to the inner sphere at angular positions of
0 and 180 degrees respectively. In the physical
construction, this short provides the needed
(a)
(b)
=0
2 a
III. CONCLUSION
This paper discusses an interesting class of
antennas that are spherical in construction. The
simulation of the resonant antenna mode at 440
MHz agrees with measured data and analytical
predictions. Measurements of the antenna at the
lowest resonance mode where the antenna has an
omnidirectional pattern will be examined.
REFERENCES
[1] S. J. Weiss and G. A Mitchell, Measurement of
resonant antenna structures with canonical
spherical contours residing over conduction
spheres and hemispheres, Antennas and
Propagation (APURSI), 2014 IEEE International
Symposium, Memphis, TN, July 2014.
[2] S. Weiss, H. Cohl, and A. Boliong, Measurement
and analysis of the lowest resonant mode of a
spherical annular-sector patch antenna, IET
Proceedings
Microwaves,
Antennas
and
Propagation, August 2014.