Chemistry Study Guide

Matching

Match each item with the correct statement below.

a atomic orbital
d
.
.
b aufbau principle
e
.
.
c electron configuration
f.
.

ground state
Pauli exclusion principle
Heisenberg uncertainty principle

15

20

____

1.

region of high probability of finding an electron

25

____ 2.
same time

states the impossibility of knowing both velocity and position of a moving particle at the

____

3.

lowest energy level

____

4.

tendency of electrons to enter orbitals of lowest energy first

____

5.

arrangement of electrons around atomic nucleus

____

6.

each orbital has at most two electrons

35

40

45
50

55

Multiple Choice
Identify
60 the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.

____ 7.
How does the energy of an electron change when the electron moves closer to the nucleus?
a It decreases.
.
b It increases.
.
c It stays the same.
.
d It doubles.
.
5

____ 8.
What is the shape of the 3p atomic orbital?
a sphere
.
b dumbbell
.
c bar
.
d two perpendicular dumbbells
.
10

15

25

____ 9.
a 1
.
b 2
.
c 3
.
d 4
.

How many energy sublevels are in the second principal energy level?

____ 10.
a 1
.
b 3
.
c 5
.
d 7
.

What is the maximum number of f orbitals in any single energy level in an atom?

____ 11.
a 1
.
b 2
.
c 3
.
d 5
.

What is the maximum number of d orbitals in a principal energy level?

____ 12.
a 2
.
b 3
.
c 4
.
d 5
.

What is the maximum number of orbitals in the p sublevel?

____ 13.
a 2
.
b 8
.
c 18
.
d 32
.

What is the maximum number of electrons in the second principal energy level?

10

15

____ 14.
When an electron moves from a lower to a higher energy level, the electron
a always doubles its energy.
.
b absorbs a continuously variable amount of energy.
.
c absorbs a quantum of energy.
.
d moves closer to the nucleus.
.
25

____ 15.
The shape (not the size) of an electron cloud is determined by the electron's ____.
a energy sublevel
.
b position
.
c speed
.
d principal quantum number
.
5

____ 16.
The letter "p" in the symbol 4p
a spin of an electron
.
b orbital shape
.
c principle energy level
.
d speed of an electron
.

indicates the ____.

10

15

____ 17.
If the spin of one electron in an orbital is clockwise, what is the spin of the other electron in
that orbital?
a zero
.
b clockwise
.
c counterclockwise
.
d both clockwise and counterclockwise
.
20

____ 18.
What types of atomic orbitals are in the third principal energy level?
a s and p only
.
b p and d only
.
c s, p, and d only
.
d s, p, d, and f
.
25

____ 19.
a 2d
.
b 3d
.
c 3f
.
d 4s
.

What is the next atomic orbital in the series 1s, 2s, 2p, 3s, 3p?

____ 20.
According to the aufbau principle,
a an orbital may be occupied by only two electrons.
.
b electrons in the same orbital must have opposite spins.
.
c electrons enter orbitals of highest energy first.
.
d electrons enter orbitals of lowest energy first.
.
10

15

____ 21.
a 2
.
b 4
.
c 6
.
d 8
.

What is the number of electrons in the outermost energy level of an oxygen atom?

____ 22.
What is the electron configuration of potassium?
a 1s
2s
2p
3s
3p
4s
.
b 1s
2s
2p
3s
3p
.
c 1s
2s
3s
3p
3d
.
d 1s
2s
2p
3s
3p
4s
.
25

____ 23.
If three electrons are available to fill three empty 2p atomic orbitals, how will the electrons be
distributed in the three orbitals?
a one electron in each orbital
.
b two electrons in one orbital, one in another, none in the third
.
c three in one orbital, none in the other two
.
d Three electrons cannot fill three empty 2p atomic orbitals.
.
5

10

____ 24.
a 0
.
b 1
.
c 2
.
d 3
.

How many unpaired electrons are in a sulfur atom, which has the atomic number 16?

____ 25.
a 1
.
b 2
.
c 3
.
d 4
.

How many half-filled orbitals are in a bromine atom?

15

20

____ 26.
Stable electron configurations are likely to contain
a filled energy sublevels.
.
b fewer electrons than unstable configurations.
.
c unfilled s orbitals.
.
d electrons with a clockwise spin.
.
25

Short Answer

27.

Give the electron configuration for a neutral atom of beryllium.

28.

Give the electron configuration for a neutral atom of chlorine.

29.

How many electrons are in the highest occupied energy level of a neutral chlorine atom?

30.

Describe the shapes and relative energies of the s, p, d, and f atomic orbitals.

31.

Explain why the 4s sublevel fills before the 3d sublevel begins to fill as electrons are added.

10

15

Numeric
20 Response

25

30

Essay

40

Chemistry Study Guide

Answer Section
5

MATCHING
10

15

1.
ANS: A
PTS: 1
DIF: L1
OBJ: 5.1.3 Explain how sublevels of principal energy levels differ.
STA: SAI GLE 8 | PS GLE 8

REF:

p. 131

REF:

p. 148

BLM: knowledge

20

25

35

2.
ANS: F
PTS: 1
DIF: L1
OBJ: 5.3.4 Distinguish between quantum mechanics and classical mechanics.
STA: SAI GLE 5 | PS GLE 3
BLM: knowledge

3.
ANS: D
PTS: 1
DIF: L1
REF: p. 145
OBJ: 5.3.3 Explain how the frequencies of light are related to changes in electron energies.
STA: SAI GLE 5 | PS GLE 3
BLM: knowledge

40

4.
ANS: B
PTS: 1
DIF: L1
REF:
OBJ: 5.2.1 List the three rules for writing the electron configurations of elements.
STA: PS GLE 9 | PS GLE 13
BLM: knowledge

p. 134

5.
ANS: C
PTS: 1
DIF: L1
REF:
OBJ: 5.2.1 List the three rules for writing the electron configurations of elements.
STA: PS GLE 9 | PS GLE 13
BLM: knowledge

p. 134

6.
ANS: E
PTS: 1
DIF: L1
REF:
OBJ: 5.2.1 List the three rules for writing the electron configurations of elements.
STA: PS GLE 9 | PS GLE 13
BLM: knowledge

p. 134

45

50

55

60

MULTIPLE
65
CHOICE

7.
ANS: A
PTS: 1
DIF: L2
REF: p. 129
OBJ: 5.1.2 Describe what the quantum mechanical model determines about the electrons in an atom.
STA: SAI GLE 8 | PS GLE 8
BLM: application

10

8.
ANS: B
PTS: 1
DIF: L2
OBJ: 5.1.3 Explain how sublevels of principal energy levels differ.
15

STA: SAI GLE 8 | PS GLE 8

REF:

p. 131

REF:

p. 132

REF:

p. 132

REF:

p. 132

REF:

p. 132

REF:

p. 132

REF:

p. 129

BLM: comprehension

20

9.
ANS: B
PTS: 1
DIF: L2
OBJ: 5.1.3 Explain how sublevels of principal energy levels differ.
25

STA: SAI GLE 8 | PS GLE 8

BLM: comprehension

30

10.
ANS: D
PTS: 1
DIF: L2
OBJ: 5.1.3 Explain how sublevels of principal energy levels differ.
35

STA: SAI GLE 8 | PS GLE 8

BLM: comprehension

40

11.
ANS: D
PTS: 1
DIF: L2
OBJ: 5.1.3 Explain how sublevels of principal energy levels differ.
45

STA: SAI GLE 8 | PS GLE 8

BLM: comprehension

50

12.
ANS: B
PTS: 1
DIF: L2
OBJ: 5.1.3 Explain how sublevels of principal energy levels differ.
55

STA: SAI GLE 8 | PS GLE 8

BLM: comprehension

60

13.
ANS: B
PTS: 1
DIF: L1
OBJ: 5.1.3 Explain how sublevels of principal energy levels differ.
65

STA: SAI GLE 8 | PS GLE 8

BLM: knowledge

70

14.
ANS: C
PTS: 1
DIF: L2
OBJ: 5.1.1 Describe what Bohr proposed in his model of the atom.
75

STA: SAI GLE 8 | PS GLE 8

BLM: comprehension

15.
ANS: A
PTS: 1
DIF: L2
OBJ: 5.1.3 Explain how sublevels of principal energy levels differ.

REF:

p. 131

REF:

p. 131

17.
ANS: C
PTS: 1
DIF: L2
REF:
OBJ: 5.2.1 List the three rules for writing the electron configurations of elements.
STA: PS GLE 9 | PS GLE 13
BLM: comprehension

p. 134

18.
ANS: C
PTS: 1
DIF: L2
OBJ: 5.1.3 Explain how sublevels of principal energy levels differ.

REF:

p. 132

19.
ANS: D
PTS: 1
DIF: L2
REF:
OBJ: 5.2.1 List the three rules for writing the electron configurations of elements.
STA: PS GLE 9 | PS GLE 13
BLM: application

p. 134

20.
ANS: D
PTS: 1
DIF: L2
REF:
OBJ: 5.2.1 List the three rules for writing the electron configurations of elements.
STA: PS GLE 9 | PS GLE 13
BLM: comprehension

p. 134

21.
ANS: C
PTS: 1
DIF: L2
REF:
OBJ: 5.2.1 List the three rules for writing the electron configurations of elements.
STA: PS GLE 9 | PS GLE 13
BLM: application

p. 135 | p. 136

22.
ANS: D
PTS: 1
DIF: L2
REF:
OBJ: 5.2.1 List the three rules for writing the electron configurations of elements.
STA: PS GLE 9 | PS GLE 13
BLM: application

p. 135 | p. 136

23.
ANS: A
PTS: 1
DIF: L2
REF:
OBJ: 5.2.1 List the three rules for writing the electron configurations of elements.
STA: PS GLE 9 | PS GLE 13
BLM: comprehension

p. 134 | p. 135

STA: SAI GLE 8 | PS GLE 8

BLM: comprehension

16.
ANS: B
PTS: 1
DIF: L2
OBJ: 5.1.3 Explain how sublevels of principal energy levels differ.
15

STA: SAI GLE 8 | PS GLE 8

25

BLM: comprehension

30

35

STA: SAI GLE 8 | PS GLE 8

BLM: comprehension

40

45

50

55

60

65

75

24.
ANS: C
PTS: 1
DIF: L2
REF:
OBJ: 5.2.1 List the three rules for writing the electron configurations of elements.
STA: PS GLE 9 | PS GLE 13
BLM: analysis

p. 135 | p. 136

25.
ANS: A
PTS: 1
DIF: L3
REF:
OBJ: 5.2.1 List the three rules for writing the electron configurations of elements.
STA: PS GLE 9 | PS GLE 13
BLM: analysis

p. 135 | p. 136

26.
ANS: A
PTS: 1
DIF: L2
REF:
OBJ: 5.2.1 List the three rules for writing the electron configurations of elements.
STA: PS GLE 9 | PS GLE 13
BLM: comprehension

p. 137

10

15

20

25

SHORT ANSWER

27.

ANS:

35

1s

2s

40

PTS: 1
45

DIF: L2

REF: p. 136

OBJ: 5.2.1 List the three rules for writing the electron configurations of elements.
STA: PS GLE 9 | PS GLE 13
BLM: application

50

28.
55

1s

2s

ANS:
2p

3s

3p

60

PTS: 1

65

DIF: L2

REF: p. 136

OBJ: 5.2.1 List the three rules for writing the electron configurations of elements.
STA: PS GLE 9 | PS GLE 13
BLM: application

NUMERIC RESPONSE

10

29.

PTS: 1

ANS: 7

DIF: L2

REF: p. 134 | p. 135 | p. 136

20

OBJ: 5.2.1 List the three rules for writing the electron configurations of elements.
STA: PS GLE 9 | PS GLE 13
BLM: application

ESSAY
30

30.

ANS:

35

40

An s orbital has the shape of a sphere and is the orbital having the lowest energy. A p orbital is dumbbellshaped and has the next higher energy. A d orbital has a more complex shape and a higher energy than either
an s orbital or a p orbital. An f orbital has the highest energy of these four orbital types; this orbital has a very
complex shape.

45

PTS: 1

50

DIF: L2

REF: p. 129 | p. 131

OBJ: 5.1.1 Describe what Bohr proposed in his model of the atom. | 5.1.3 Explain how sublevels of
principal energy levels differ.STA:
SAI GLE 8 | PS GLE 8
BLM: analysis

55

31.

60

ANS:

Electrons occupy orbitals in a definite sequence, filling orbitals with lower energies first. Generally, orbitals
in a lower energy level have lower energies than those in a higher energy level. But, in the third level the
energy ranges of the principal energy levels begin to overlap. As a result, the 4s sublevel is lower in energy
than the 3d sublevel, so it fills first.

PTS: 1

10

DIF: L2

REF: p. 135 | p. 136

OBJ: 5.2.1 List the three rules for writing the electron configurations of elements.
STA: PS GLE 9 | PS GLE 13
BLM: comprehension