ANALITIKAGEOMETRIJAUPROSTORU

VEKTORPOLOAJATAKE
z

az
E

ay
y

The image part with relationship ID rId14 was not found in the file.

D
Vektor

a OA a x , a y , a z a x i a y j a z k

A ax , a y , az
jevektorpoloajatake.

KOORDINATEVEKTORAODREDJENOGPOETNOMIZAVRNOMTAKOM
z

A
B

k
i

b
O

a
x

OA a a x , a y , a z

OB b bx , b y , bz

AB OB OA b a bx , b y , bz a x , a y , a z bx a x , b y a y , bz a z

AB bx a x , b y a y , bz a z

RASTOJANJEIZMEDJUDVETAKE
z

Aa x , a y , a z

A
B

k
i

b
O
j

B bx , by , bz

a
x

AB bx a x , b y a y , bz a z

d ( A, B ) AB (bx a x ) ( by a y ) (bz a z )
2

RastojanjeizmedjudvetakeAiBjeintezitetvektora.
AB

KOORDINATESREDITADUI

Aa x , a y , a z

s
B

b
O
j

B bx , by , bz

a x bx a y by a z bz
S
,
,
2
2
2

1
1
OS OA AB a x , a y , a z bx a x , by a y , bz a z
2
2
a x bx a y by a z bz
1
OS OA AB
,
,
2
2
2
2

Aa x , a y , a z

TEITETROUGLA

B bx , by , bz

C c x , c y , c z

O
T
A

a x bx a y by a z bz
S
,
,
2
2
2

a y by
a x bx

a z bz
CS
cx ,
cy ,
c z
2
2
2

a x bx c x a y by c y a z bz c z
2
OT OC CS
,
,
3
3
3
3

PRIMER
Datajekockaosnovneivicesajednimtemenomukoordinatnom
a 1
poetkuOisaivicamakojepolazeiztogtemenailezenapozitivnimdelovima
koordinatnihosa.UtukockuupisanjetetraedarACDEprikazannaslicicijesuivice
dijagonalestranadatekocke.Odredititiugaoizmedjuvektorai.
AD AE
z

1
y

AD (1 0,1 1,1 0) (1,0,1)

AD AE 0 1 (1) 0 1 1 1

1
C

AD AE 2
x

cos
A

E (0, 0,1)

AE (0 0, 0 1,1 0) (0,1,1)

A (0,1, 0) C (1, 0, 0) D (1,1,1)

AD AE
AD AE

60 0

1
1

2 2 2

PRIMER
Datajekockaosnovneivicesajednimtemenomukoordinatnom
a 1
poetkuOisaivicamakojepolazeiztogtemenailezenapozitivnimdelovima
koordinatnihosa.UtukockuupisanjetetraedarACDEprikazannaslicicijesuivice
AD AE
dijagonalestranadatekocke.Odreditiiorttogvektora.
z

A (0,1, 0) C (1, 0, 0) D (1,1,1)

AE (0 0, 0 1,1 0) (0,1,1)

j
1
y

E (0, 0,1)

AD (1 0,1 1,1 0) (1,0,1)

i
AD AE 1

1
C

AD AE 1 (1) (1) 3
2

k

1 i j k

0 1 1
AD AE (1,1,1)

j
0

1 1 1

ort AD AE ( ,
, )
3 3 3

PRIMER
Datajekockaosnovneivicesajednimtemenomukoordinatnom
a 1
poetkuOisaivicamakojepolazeiztogtemenailezenapozitivnimdelovima
koordinatnihosa.UtukockuupisanjetetraedarACDEprikazannaslicicijesuivice
dijagonalestranadatekocke.Izraunati.
AC DE
z

j
1
y

A (0,1, 0) C (1, 0, 0) D (1,1,1)

E (0, 0,1)

AC (1 0, 0 1, 0 0) (1,1, 0)

DE (0 1, 0 1,1 1) (1,1, 0)

AC DE 1 (1) (1) (1) 0 0 0

1
C

O
B

AC i DE

Uzajamno
ortogonalni

PRIMER
Datajekockaosnovneivicesajednimtemenomukoordinatnom
a 1
poetkuOisaivicamakojepolazeiztogtemenakojelezenapozitivnimdelovima
koordinatnihosa.UtukockuupisanjetetraedarACDEprikazannaslicicijesuivice
dijagonalestranadatekocke.Izraunati.
AC BE

A (0,1, 0) B (1,1, 0) C (1, 0, 0) D (1,1,1)

z

j
1
y

AC (1 0, 0 1, 0 0) (1,1, 0)

BE (0 1, 0 1,1 0) (1,1,1)

AC BE 1 (1) (1) (1) 0 1 0

1
C

O
P

E (0, 0,1)

AC i BE

Uzajamno
ortogonalni

PRIMER
Datesutake

A (1, 1, 2)

B ( 4, 0, 2)

C ( 2,1, 1)

Odreditivektornormalannaravankojuodredjujutetritake.

a AB ( 4 1, 0 ( 1), 2 2) (3,1,4)

b AC ( 2 1,1 ( 1), 1 2) ( 3, 2,3)

N a b 3 1 4
3 2 3

1 4 3 4 3 1
j
k
N i
2 3
3 3
3 2
A

N 5i 21 j 9k

N (5, 21, 9)

PRIMER
Datesutake

A (0, 2, 0)

B (2, 0, 0)

C ( 2, 2, 2)

Odreditivektornormalannaravankojuodredjujutetritake.

b
A

a AB ( 2 0, 0 2, 0 0) (2,2,0)

b AC ( 2 0, 2 2, 2 0) ( 2, 0,2)

i
j k

2 0 2 0 2 2
N a b 2 2 0 i
j
k
0 2
2 2
2 0
2 0 2
B

N 4i 4 j 4 k

N ( 4, 4, 4)

1
1 N

N ( 4 , 4 , 4 )
N ( 1, 1,1)
4
4
4

1
1 1
ort N (
,
,
)
Vektorinormalninaravan
3
3 3

JEDNAINARAVNI
odredjenejednomtakomi
vektoromnormalnimnaturavan

The image part with relationship ID rId12 was not found in the file.

P0

:
P0 x0 , y0 , z0

N A, B, C
P x, y , z

P0 P x x0 , y y0 , z z0

Takapripadaravniakoisamosuvektorii
P0 P N

P x, y , z

uzajamnoortogonalni.Izuslovaortogonalnosti N P P 0
0
sledijednainaravni:

A( x x0 ) B ( y y0 ) C ( z z0 ) 0

PRIMER
Napisatijednainuravni

kojasadritaku

P0 2, 5,6
inormalnajenavektor

N.
1, 2,3

The image part with relationship ID rId4 was not found in the file.

A( x x0 ) B ( y y0 ) C ( z z0 ) 0
( x 2) 2( y 5) 3( z 6) 0
x 2 y 3z 6 0

P0

JEDNAINARAVNI
Vektornormalannaravan

N A, B, C
P0 x0 , y0 , z0

A( x x0 ) B ( y y0 ) C ( z z0 ) 0

Ax B y Cz D 0
D Ax0 By0 Cz 0

Ax B y Cz D 0 N ( A, B, C )

PRIMER
Napisatijednainuravni

kojasadritaku

P0 2, 5,3

iparalelnajesaravni

.
: x 2 y 3z 6

N N ( 1, 2, 3)

N ( 1, 2, 3)

: P0 2, 5,3
A( x x0 ) B ( y y0 ) C ( z z0 ) 0
( x 2) 2( y 5) 3( z 3) 0
x 2 y 3z 3 0

JEDNAINARAVNI
odredjenejednomtakomidva
vektoraparalelnasatomravni

p2

P x, y , z

P0 x0 , y0 , z0

p1 a1 , b1 , c1

p2 a2 , b2 , c2

p1

The image part with relationship ID rId23 was not found in the file.

P0

p2

p1

P0 P x x0 , y y0 , z z0

N p1 p2 A, B, C

P0 x0 , y0 , z0

N p1 p2 A, B, C

A( x x0 ) B ( y y0 ) C ( z z0 ) 0

PRIMER
Napisatijednainuravni

kojasadritaku

P 2, 5,6
0
iparalelnajevektorima

p1 (1, 3, 2)

p2 (1, 0, 1)

p2

The image part with relationship ID rId8 was not found in the file.

P0

p2

p1

p1

i
j
k

3 2 1 2 1 3

N p1 p2 1 3 2 i
j
k
3i j 3k
0 1
1 1
1 0
1 0 1

N (3, 1, 3)

P0 (2,5,6)
3( x 2) 1( y 5) 3( z 6) 0

3x y 3z 7 0

JEDNAINARAVNI
odredjenejednomtakomidva
vektoraparalelnasatomravni

p1

p2

The image part with relationship ID rId16 was not found in the file.

P0

p2

p1

P0 x0 , y0 , z0

p1 a1 , b1 , c1

p2 a2 , b2 , c2
P x, y , z

P0 P x x0 , y y0 , z z0

P0 P p1 p2
Takaakoisamoakosuvektori,,komplanarni.
P x, y , z
x x0 y y 0 z z 0
a1
b1
c1 0
a2
b2
c2


p1

PRIMER
Napisatijednainuravnikojasadritaku

P0 2,1,3
iparalelnajesavektorima

p1 (1, 3, 2)

p2 (1, 0, 1)

P0 2,1,3

p1 (1, 3, 2)

p2 (1, 0, 1)

( x 2)

3 2
0

( y 1)

x2
1
1
1 2
1 1

3( x 2) ( y 1) 3( z 3) 0

p2

p1

The image part with relationship ID rId4 was not found in the file.

P0

p2

y 1 z 3
3
2 0
0
1

( z 3)

1 3
1

3x y 3z 2 0

JEDNAINARAVNI
odredjenesatritake

P0 x0 , y0 , z0

P1 x1 , y1 , z1

P2

The image part with relationship ID rId26 was not found in the file.

P2 x2 , y2 , z 2

P x, y , z

P0 P1 x1 x0 , y1 y0 , z1 z0
P0 P2 x2 x0 , y2 y0 , z 2 z0

P0 P x x0 , y y0 , z z0

N P0 P1 P0 P2 A, B, C

P1

P0

: P0 x0 , y0 , z0

N A, B, C

A( x x0 ) B ( y y0 ) C ( z z0 ) 0

JEDNAINARAVNI
odredjenesatritake

P1 x1 , y1 , z1
P2 x2 , y2 , z 2

P2

The image part with relationship ID rId22 was not found in the file.

P0 x0 , y0 , z0

P0

N P0 P1 P0 P2

N P1 P0 P1 P2

N P2 P0 P2 P1

N A, B, C

P1

P x, y , z

P0 x0 , y0 , z0

P1 x1 , y1 , z1

N A, B, C
A( x x0 ) B ( y y0 ) C ( z z0 ) 0

N A, B, C
A( x x1 ) B ( y y1 ) C ( z z1 ) 0

P2 x2 , y2 , z 2

N A, B, C
A( x x2 ) B ( y y2 ) C ( z z 2 ) 0

PRIMER

The image part with relationship ID rId4 was not found in the file.

P2

Napisatijednainuravni
kojasadritake

P0 1, 2,2 P1 2, 0,0 P2 2, 2,3

P1

P0

a P0 P1 (2 1,0 2,0 2) (1, 2, 2)

b P0 P2 (2 1,2 2,3 2) (1, 0,1)

i
j
k

2 2 1 2 1 2

j
k
2 i 3 j 2 k
N a b 1 2 2 i
0
1
1 1
1 0
1 0
1

N (2, 3, 2)

2( x 1) 3( y 2) 2( z 2) 0
2x 3 y 2z 4 0

PRIMER

The image part with relationship ID rId4 was not found in the file.

P2

Napisatijednainuravni
kojasadritake

P0 1, 2,2 P1 2, 0,0 P2 2, 2,3

P1

P0

a P0 P1 (2 1,0 2,0 2) (1, 2, 2)

b P0 P2 (2 1,2 2,3 2) (1, 0,1)

i
j
k

2 2 1 2 1 2

j
k
2 i 3 j 2 k
N a b 1 2 2 i
0
1
1 1
1 0
1 0
1

N (2, 3, 2)

2( x 2) 3( y 0) 2( z 0) 0
2x 3 y 2z 4 0

JEDNAINARAVNI
Odredjenesatritake

P2

P0 x0 , y0 , z0
P1 x1 , y1 , z1
P2 x2 , y2 , z 2
P x, y , z

P0

P1

P P, P P , P P P P P P P P 0
0

P0 P x x0 , y y0 , z z0

P0 P1 x1 x0 , y1 y0 , z1 z0

P0 P2 x2 x0 , y2 y0 , z 2 z0
P x, y , z

Takapripadaravni
akoisamoakosuovivektori
komplanarni.

The image part with relationship ID rId22 was not found in the file.

Jednainaravni:

x x0
x1 x0

y y0
y1 y0

z z0
z1 z0 0

x 2 x0

y 2 y0

z 2 z0

PRIMER

Napisatijednainuravnikojasadritake
P 1, 2,2 P 2, 0,0
0

P x, y , z

P0 P x 1, y 2, z 2

P0 P1 2 1, 0 2,0 2 (1,2,2)

P0 P2 2 1, 2 2,3 2 (1,0,1)

x 1 y 2 z 2
1
2
2 0
1
0
1

2 2
1 2
1 2
( x 1)
( y 2)
( z 2)
0
1 0
0
1
1 1

2( x 1) 3( y 2) 2( z 2) 0

2x 3 y 2z 4 0

P 2, 2,3

JEDNAINARAVNISEGMENTNIOBLIK

P x, y , z
AP x a, y, z

Aa,0,0
B 0, b,0
C 0, 0, c

AB a,b,0

AC a,0, c

AP, AB, AC

komplanarni

xa

b 0 0

0 c

AP, AB, AC 0
x y z
1
a b c

PRIMER
Napisatijednainuravnikojanaosamax,z,yredomodseca

a 2, b 3, c 5
x y z
1
a b c
x y z
1 30
2 3 5

15 x 10 y 6 z 30 0

JEDNAINARAVNISEGMENTNIOBLIK

Aa,0,0
B 0, b,0

Paralelnazosi

x y z
1
a b c
x

c
x y
1
a b

JEDNAINARAVNISEGMENTNIOBLIK

P x, y , z

AP x a, y, z

xa

b 0 0

0 1

Aa,0,0
B 0, b,0
Paralelnazosi

AB a,b,0

k 0,0,1

b( x a ) a y 0
bx a y ab
x y
1
a b

JEDNAINARAVNISEGMENTNIOBLIK

P x, y , z

AP x a, y, z

Aa,0,0
B 0, b,0
Paralelnazosi

AB a,b,0

k 0,0,1

i
j k

b 0 a 0 a b

N AB k a b 0 i
j
k
b i aj
0 1
0 1
0 0
0 0 1

x y

N b, a,0 b( x a ) a y 0 bx a y ab a b 1

PRIMER
z

Napisatijednainuravnikojasadritake

P 1, 2,2

Q 3,1,4

iparalelnajexosi.

PQ 3 1,1 2,4 2 (2,1,2)

i (1 , 0 , 0 )

i
x

i
j k

1 2 2 2 2 1

N PQ i 2 1 2 i
j
k
2j k
0 0
1 0
1 0
1 0 0

P 1, 2,2

N 0, 2,1

0 ( x 1) 2( y 2) ( z 2) 0
2y z 6 0