SIGNAL & SYSTEM

ASSIGNMENT - 2
1. Tentukan hasil konvolusi transformasi Fourier dari sinyal-sinyal berikut:
a. x[n] = { 1 0 1 1}, h[n] = {1 1 1}
b. x[n] = [n-2] - 2 [n-4] + 3 [n-6]
h[n] = 2[n-3] + [n] + 2[n-2] + [n-3]
Jawab:
a. x[n]= { 1 0 1 1}, panjang x[n] = 4
h[n] = {1 1 1}, panjang h[n] = 3
maka:
x[n] ditambah 0 sebanyak 3-1 = 2 buah 0 menjadi x[n]= { 1 0 1 1 0 0 }
h[n] ditambah 0 sebanyak 4-1 = 3 buah 0 menjadi x[n]= { 1 1 1 0 0 0 }
mencari nilai X[k] = DFT(x[n])
N 1

X [k ] xne

2
nk
N

n 0

2
nk
6

n 0
5

X [k ] xne

X [0] xne

2
n.0
6

n 0
5

X [0] xn
n 0

X[0]= (x[0]+ x[1] +x[2] +x[3]+ x[4]+ x[5])

X[0]= (1+0+1+1+0+0)
X[0]=3
5

X [1] xne

2
n.1
6

1
n
3

n 0
5

X [1] xne
n 0

X[1] = (x[0]+x[1] e

1
3

+x[2] e

2
3

+x[3] e j +x[4] e

4
3

+ x[5] e

X[1] = {1+ 0 + 1 (cos j sin ) +1 (cos j sin) + 0 + 0}

X[1] = 1+ (-0.5 - j 0.866) + (-1)
X[1] = -0.5 - j 0.866

X [2] xne
n 0

2
n
3

5
3

X[2] = (x[0]+x[1] e

2
3

+x[2] e

4
3

+x[3] e

j 2

+x[4] e

8
3

+ x[5] e

10
3

X[2] = {1+ 0 + 1 (cos j sin ) +1 (cos 2 j sin 2) + 0 + 0}

X[2] = 1+ (-0.5 + j 0.866) + (1)
X[2] = 1.5 + j 0.866
5

X [3] xne jn
n 0

X[3] = (x[0]+x[1] e j +x[2] e j 2 +x[3] e j 3 +x[4] e j 4 + x[5] e j 5

X[3] = {1+ 0 + 1 (cos 2 j sin 2) + 1 (cos 3 j sin 3) + 0 + 0}
X[3] = 1+ 1+ (-1)
X[3] = 1
5

X [4] xne

4
j n
3

n 0

X[4] = (x[0]+x[1] e

4
3

+x[2] e

8
3

+x[3] e

j 4

+x[4] e

16
3

+ x[5] e

20
3

X[4] = {1+ 0 + 1 (cos j sin ) +1 (cos 4 j sin 4) + 0 + 0}

X[4] = 1+ (-0.5 - j 0.866) + 1
X[4] =1.5 j 0.866
5

X [5] xne

5
j n
3

n 0

X[5] = (x[0]+x[1] e

5
3

X[5] = {1+ 0 + 1 (cos

+x[2] e

j sin

10
3

+x[3] e

j 5

+x[4] e

20
3

+ x[5] e

) +1 (cos 5 j sin 5) + 0 + 0}

X[5] = 1+ (-0.5 + j 0.866) + (-1)

X[5] = -0.5 + j 0.866
Jadi X[k] = DFT (x[n])
X[k] = {3 -0.5 - j 0.866 1.5 + j 0.866 1 1.5 j 0.866 -0.5 + j 0.866}
mencari nilai H[k] = DFT(h[n])
N 1

H [k ] hne

2
nk
N

2
nk
6

n 0

H [k ] hne
n 0

H [0] h[n]
n 0

25
3

H[0]= (h[0]+ h[1] +h[2] +h[3]+ h[4]+ h[5])

H[0]= (1+1+1+01+0+0)
H[0]=3
5

H [1] hne

1
n.1
3

n 0

H[1]= (h[0]+h[1] e

H[1]= {1+1(cos

1
3

+h[2] e

j sin

2
3

+h[3] e j +h[4] e

)+1 (cos

j sin

4
3

+ h[5] e

5
3

)+0+0+0}

H[1]= 1+ (0.5 j 0.866) + (-0.5 j 0.866)

H[1]= 1 j 1.732
5

H [2] hne

2
n
3

n 0

H[2]= (h[0]+h[1] e
H[2]= {1+1(cos

2
3

+h[2] e

j sin

4
3

+h[3] e j 2 +h[4] e

)+1 (cos

j sin

8
3

+ h[5] e

10
3

)+0+0+0}

H[2]= 1+ (-0.5 j 0.866) + (-0.5 +j 0.866)

H[2]= 0
5

H [3] hne jn
n 0

H[3] = (h[0]+h[1] e j +h[2] e j 2 +h[3] e j 3 +h[4] e j 4 + h[5] e j 5

H[3] = {1+ 1 (cos j sin ) + 1 (cos 2 j sin 2) + 0 + 0 + 0}
H[3] = 1+ (-1)+ 1
H[3] = 1
5

H [4] hne

4
j n
3

n 0

H[4]= (h[0]+h[1] e
H[4]= {1+1(cos

4
3

+h[2] e

j sin

8
3

+h[3] e

)+1 (cos

H[4]= 1+ (-0.5 + j 0.866) + (-0.5 -j 0.866)

H[4]= 0

H [5] hne
n 0

5
j n
3

j 4

j sin

+h[4] e

16
3

)+0+0+0}

+ h[5] e

20
3

H[5]= (h[0]+h[1] e
H[5]= {1+1(cos

5
3

+h[2] e

j sin

10
3

+h[3] e j 5 +h[4] e

)+1 (cos

j sin

20
3

+ h[5] e

25
3

)+0+0+0}

H[5]= 1+ (0.5 + j 0.866) + (-0.5 + j 0.866)

H[5]= 1 + j 1.732
Jadi H[k] = DFT (h[n])
H[k] = {3 1 j 1.732 0 1 0 1 + j 1.732}
Maka Y[k] = X[k] . H[k]
Y[k] = {3 -0.5 - j 0.866 1.5 + j 0.866 1 1.5 j 0.866 -0.5 + j 0.866} . {3 1 j 1.732 0 1 0 1 + j 1.732}
Y[k] = {9 -2 0 1 0 -2}
Pengerjaan dengan Matlab
Mencari X[k] dengan program
x = [1 0 1 1];
L = 6;
X = fft (x,L);
n=0 : length (X)-1
disp Hasil DFT =); disp (X)
Hasil DFT=
Columns 1 through 4
3.0000

-0.5000 - 0.8660i 1.5000 + 0.8660i 1.0000

Columns 5 through 6
1.5000 - 0.8660i -0.5000 + 0.8660i
Plot grafiknya dengan program
subplot (2,1,2)
stem (n, abs (X))
xlabel (indeks)
ylabel (X)
subplot (2,1,2)
stem (n, angle (X))
xlabel (indeks)
ylabel (fasa)

Mencari H[k]
h = [1 1 1];
L = 6;
H= fft (h,L);
n=0 : length (H)-1
disp Hasil DFT =); disp (H)
Hasil DFT=
Columns 1 through 4
3.0000

1.0000 - 1.7321i

Columns 5 through 6
0

1.0000 + 1.7321i

1.0000

Plot grafiknya dengan program

subplot (2,1,2)
stem (n, abs (H))
xlabel (indeks)
ylabel (H)
subplot (2,1,2)
stem (n, angle (H))
xlabel (indeks)
ylabel (fasa)

Hasil Konvolusinya dengan program

Y=X.*H
Y = 9.0000 -2.0000

0 1.0000

0 -2.0000

b. x[n] = [n-2]-2 [n-4]+3[n-6]

Ingat bahwa [n] bernilai 1 untuk n = 0 dan bernilai 0 untuk n0 sehingga
Untuk:
[n-2] = 1 ketika n 2 = 0, n = 2
[n-4] = 1 ketika n 4 = 0, n = 4
[n-6] = 1 ketika n 6 = 0, n = 6
maka pada nilai n = 0 s.d 6, x[n] = [ 0 0 1 0 -2 0 3]
h[n] = 2[n-3]+[n]+2[n-2]+ [n-3] = 3[n-3]+[n]+2[n-2]
Untuk:
[n] = 1, ketika n=0
[n-3] = 1, ketika n 3 = 0, n = 3
[n-2] = 1, ketika n 2 = 0, n = 2
maka pada nilai n = 0 s.d 3, h[n] =[1 0 2 3] ,supaya panjangnya sama dengan x[n] ditambahkan
zerropadding menjadi h[n] =[1 0 2 3 0 0 0].
mencari X[k]= DFT (x[n])
N 1

X [k ] xne

2
nk
N

2
nk
7

n 0
6

X [k ] xne
n 0

X [0] xne

2
0.0
7

n 0

X[0] = x[0] + x[1] + x[2] + x[3] + x[4] + x[5]+ x[6]

X[0] = 0 + 0 + 1 + 0 + (-2) + 0 + 3
X[0] = 2
5

X [1] xne

2
.1.n
7

n 0

X[1] = x[0]+x[1] e

2
7

+x[2] e

4
7

+x[3] e

6
7

+x[4] e

8
7

+ x[5] e

10
7

X[1] = 0 + 0 + cos j sin + 0 2 (cos j sin )+ 0 + 3 (cos

+ x[6] e

12
7

j sin

X[1] = -0.22 j 0.97 - 2(-0.9 + j 0.43) + 3( 0.62 + j 0.78)

X[1] = -0.22 j 0.97 + 1.8 - j 0.86 + 1.86 + j 2.34
X[1] = 3.44 + j 0.51
6

X [2] xne

4
.n
7

n 0

X[2] = x[0]+x[1] e

4
7

+x[2] e

8
7

+x[3] e

X[2] = 0 + 0 + cos j sin + 0 2 (cos

12
7

+x[4] e
j sin

X[2] = -0.9 + j 0.43 - 2(0.62 - j 0.78) + 3( -0.22 + j 0.97)

16
3

+ x[5] e

20
7

)+ 0 + 3 (cos

+ x[6] e

j sin

24
7

X[2] = -0.9 + j 0.43 - 1.24 + j 1.56 0.66 + j 2.91

X[2] = -2.8 + j 4.9
6

X [3] xne

6
.n
7

n 0

X[3] = x[0]+x[1] e

6
7

X[3] = 0 + 0 + cos

+x[2] e

j sin

12
7

+x[3] e

18
7

+x[4] e

+ 0 2 (cos

24
3

j sin

+ x[5] e

30
7

+ x[6] e

)+ 0 + 3 (cos

36
7

j sin

X[3] = 0.62 + j 0.78 - 2(-0.22 + j 0.97) + 3( -0.9 + j 0.43)

X[3] = 0.62 + j 0.78 + 0.44 - j 1.94 2.7 + j 1.29
X[3] = -1.64 + j 0.13
6

X [4] xne

8
.n
7

8
7

n 0

X[4] = x[0]+x[1] e
X[4] = 0 + 0 + cos

+x[2] e

j sin

16
7

+x[3] e

24
7

+ 0 2 (cos

+x[4] e

32
3

j sin

+ x[5] e

40
7

+ x[6] e

)+ 0 + 3 (cos

48
7

j sin

X[4] = 0.62 - j 0.78 - 2(-0.22 - j 0.97) + 3( -0.9 - j 0.43)

X[4] = 0.62 - j 0.78 + 0.44 + j 1.94 2.7 - j 1.29
X[4] = -1.64 - j 1.3
6

X [5] xne

10
.n
7

n 0

X[5] = x[0]+x[1] e

10
7

X[5] = 0 + 0 + cos

+x[2] e

j sin

20
7

+x[3] e

30
7

+ 0 2 (cos

+x[4] e

j sin

40
3

+ x[5] e

50
7

)+ 0 + 3 (cos

+ x[6] e

j sin

60
7

X[5] = -0.9 - j 0.43 - 2(0.62 + j 0.78) + 3( -0.22 - j 0.97)

X[5] = -0.9 - j 0.43 - 1.24 - j 1.56 0.66 - j 2.91
X[5] = -2.8 - j 4.9
6

X [6] xne

12
.n
7

n 0

X[6] = x[0]+x[1] e

X[6] = 0 + 0 + cos

12
7

+x[2] e

j sin

24
7

+x[3] e

+ 0 2 (cos

36
7

+x[4] e
j sin

48
3

+ x[5] e

60
7

)+ 0 + 3 (cos

+ x[6] e

j sin

72
7

X[6] = -0.22 + j 0.97 - 2(-0.9 - j 0.43) + 3( 0.62 - j 0.78)

X[6] = -0.22 + j 0.97 + 1.8 + j 0.86 + 1.86 - j 2.34
X[6] = 3.44 - j 0.51
X[k] = { 2 -3.44 + j0.5 -2.8 + j4.9 -4.04 + j3.66 -2.52 - j 4.01 -0.32 - j 1.78 0.28 - j 2.23}

mencari H[k] = DFT (h[n])

N 1

H [k ] hne
n 0

2
nk
N

H [k ] hne

2
nk
7

2
0.0
7

n 0
6

H [0] hne
n 0

H[0] = h[0] + h[1] + h[2] + h[3] + h[4] + h[5] + h[6]

H[0] = 1 + 0 + 2 + 3 + 0 + 0 + 0
H[0] = 6
6

H [1] hne

2
.n
7

n 0

H[1] = h[0] + h[1] e

2
7

H[1] = 1 + 0 + 2 (cos

+ h[2] e
j sin

4
7

+ h[3] e

) + 3 (cos

6
7

+ h[4] e

j sin

8
7

+ h[5] e

10
7

+ h[6] e

12
7

)+0+0+0

H[1] = 1+ 2(-0.22 j 0.97) + 3 (-0.9 j 0.43)

H[1] = 1 0.44 - j 1.94 2.7 j 1.29
H[1] = -2.14 - j 3.23
6

H [2] hne

4
.n
7

n 0

H[2] = h[0]+h[1] e

4
7

H[2] = 1 + 0 +2 (cos

+h[2] e
j sin

8
7

+h[3] e

) + 3 (cos

12
7

+h[4] e

j sin

16
3

+ h[5] e

20
7

+ h[6] e

24
7

)+0+0+0

H[2] = 1 + 2 (-0.9 + j 0.43) + 3 (0.62 + j 0.78)

H[2] = 1 1.9 + j 0.86 + 1.86 + j 2.34
H[2] = 0.96 + j 3.2
6

H [3] hne

6
.n
7

n 0

H[3] = h[0] + h[1] e

H[3] = 1 + 0 +2 (cos

6
7

+ h[2] e
j sin

12
7

+ h[3] e

) + 3 (cos

H[3] = 1 + 2 (0.62 + j 0.78) + 3 (-0.22 - j 0.97)

18
7

+ h[4] e

j sin

24
3

+ h[5] e

)+0+0+0

30
7

+ h[6] e

36
7

H[3] = 1 + 1.24 + j 1.56 0.66 j 2.91

H[3] = 1.58 j 1.35
6

H [4] hne

8
.n
7

n 0

H[4] = h[0]+h[1] e

8
7

+ h[2] e

H[4] = 1 + 0 +2 (cos

j sin

16
7

+ h[3] e

) + 3 (cos

24
7

+ h[4] e

j sin

32
3

+ h[5] e

40
7

+ h[6] e

48
7

)+0+0+0

H[4] = 1 + 2 (0.62- j 0.78) + 3 (-0.22 + j 0.97)

H[4] = 1 + 1.24 j 1.56 0.66 + j 2.91
H[4] =1.58 + j 1.35
6

H [5] hne

10
.n
7

n 0

H[5] = h[0]+ h[1] e

10
7

H[5] = 1 + 0 +2 (cos

+ h[2] e
j sin

20
7

+ h [3] e

) + 3 (cos

30
7

+ h[4] e

j sin

40
3

+ h[5] e

50
7

+ h[6] e

60
7

)+0+0+0

H[4] = 1 + 2 (-0.9 - j 0.43) + 3 (0.62 + j 0.78)

H[4] = 1 - 1.8 j 0.86 + 1.86 + j 2.34
H[4] = 1.06 + j 1.48
6

H [6] hne

12
.n
7

n 0

H[6] = h[0]+ h[1] e

H[6] = 1 + 0 +2 (cos

12
7

+ h[2] e
j sin

24
7

+ h[3] e

) + 3 (cos

H[6] = 1 + 2 (-0.22 + j 0.97) + 3 (-0.9 + j 0.43)

H[6 ] = 1 0.44 + j 1.94 2.7 + j 1.29
H[6 ] = -2.14 + j 3.23
H[k] = { 1 }

Hasil Konvolusi :
Y[k] = X[k] . H[k]
Y[k] = {0} {1}

36
7

+ h[4] e

j sin

48
3

+ h[5] e

)+0+0+0

60
7

+ h[6] e

72
7

Y[k] = {0}

Mencari X[k] dengan matlab

x = [0 0 1 0 -2 0 3];
>> X = fft (x)

X=
Columns 1 through 4
2.0000
3.4499 + 0.5028i -2.8155 + 4.9223i -1.6344 + 0.1336i
Columns 5 through 7
-1.6344 - 0.1336i -2.8155 - 4.9223i 3.4499 - 0.5028i
Mencari H[k] dengan matlab
h = [ 1 0 2 3 0 0 0];
>> H = fft (h)
H=
Columns 1 through 4
6.0000

-2.1479 - 3.2515i 1.0685 + 3.2133i 1.5794 - 1.3611i

Columns 5 through 7
1.5794 + 1.3611i 1.0685 - 3.2133i -2.1479 + 3.2515i

Menghitung Y [k] dengan matlab

Y = X.* H
Y=
Columns 1 through 4
12.0000

-5.7753 -12.2973i -18.8252 - 3.7873i -2.3995 + 2.4356i

Columns 5 through 7
-2.3995 - 2.4356i -18.8252 + 3.7873i -5.7753 +12.2973i