TABLE OF CONTENT

1. CHAPTER I- INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the Study
1.2 Rationale
1.3 Statement of the Problem
1.4 Objectives of the Study
1.5 Limitation of the Study
1.6 The Significance of the Study
1.7 REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
1.7.1 The Islamic World in Historical Perspectives to Present
1.7.2 The Institution of the Lanao Sultanate
1.7.3 Islamic Influences to Philippines Politics
1.8 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
1.8.1 Gathering of Historical Data During the Colonial Rule
1.8.2 Sources of Secondary Data, the Quran, Hadith and the
Books of
Al-Mward and Al-Ghazl Containing their Views on
Islamic
Governance
1.8.3 Major reference/works to be referred for this study
1.8.4 Definition of Research Process as Operationalized in

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this Study
1.8.5 Qualitative Research
31
1.8.6 Historical Research
31-32
1.8.7 Research Hypothesis
32
1.8.8 Sources of Data Collections/Major reference works to 32-33
be referred to for
this study
1.8.9 Primary Sources
33-34
1.8.10 Secondary Data Analysis
34
1.8.11 Other Terms Used in Secondary Data Analysis
34-35
1.8.12 Interviews
35
1.8.13 Expected Results
35
CHAPTER II
2 THEORITICAL FRAMEWORK AND CONCEPTUAL
FRAMEWORK
2.1 Epistemology as applied in this study
36-38
2.2 Explanation on Islamic Governance
38-39
2.3 Al-Ghazzls book Kitb al-Muztazhir on ten qualities 39-40
and
conditions that an imm or caliph must meet
2.4 Islamic Concept of Governance based on
Shura(Consultation) as
applied in Islamic Governance
2.5 Obedience to a Leader

40-41
42-43

2.6 Al- Mwards Conditions on Appointing an

Imam/Sultan
2.7 Maranao Concept on Shura or Consultation and the 15
(fifteen) traits
which must be present among the Sultans in their
Ruling of a Nation.
2.8 The Asabiyyah
2.9 Ibn Khaldun Asabiyyah and its Similarity with the
Maranao Concepts
2.10 Group Solidarity and Common Goal
2.11 Maranao Kambangensa
2.12 Maranao Kapamagodasa or Consultation or Shura is
also applied
in Succession of Sultan
2.13 Theoretical And Conceptual Model
3 CHAPTER III
3.1 The Early Contact of the Philippines Native and the
Maranaos with
the Muslim Traders from China in the 7th century
3.2 Tang Dynasty, Chinas International Maritime Trading
Activities in the
7th Century
3.3 The Maranaos in Butuan, Mindanao from the 3rd
century to the 9th
Century
3.4 The 7th Century Chinawares were Brought to
Philippines Through
Trade
3.5 The Muslim Arab Traders Dominated the Maritime
th
Trade in the 7

43-44
44-45

45-46
46-47
47-48
48-49
49
50

51-52
52-53
54-55

55-58

58-59

Century/ Fig. no.2-7 th Century Maritime Road Map by

the Arabs
3.6 The Maranaos were Introduced to Islam in the 7th
Century onwards
3.7 The Early Indigenous Polity of the Maranao Before
the Colonial Era
3.8 The Maranao Trading Activities in the Ancient Time
3.9 Early Contact of the Maranao Traders with Muslims
Before the
Colonial Era in the 7th Century
3.10 Islamic Community in Lanao, Mindanao in the 16 th

60-62
62-67
67-68

68-69
69-70

century
3.11 The Setting: Fig. no.3-The Locale of the Study and
the Philippines

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Map
3.12-Fig. no.4-The map of Lanao del Sur where the Pat a
Pangampong is
Located
3.13-Figure no. 5 The blue in the map indicates the body
of water where
lake Lanao is, it is engulfed by body of land which
is the
Pangampong a Ranao, the states of Lanao
Sultanate
3.14 The Locale of the Research is the Pat a
Pangampong a Ranao
3.15 The Maranao people
3.16 The Maranao Geo-political Distribution
3.17 The Maranao Material Cultures with Foreign
Elements, the Panolong
4 The Origin and Political Structure of the Lanao
Sultanate
4.1 From Maranao Datuship System to Sultanate
4.2 The Founding of Lanao Sultanate
4.3 The Maranao Traditional Class System and
Leadership
4. 4-Fig.no.6-The Founding Ancestors of the
Superordinate-Subordinate
Sultanates in Pat a Pangampong a Ranao and their
Areas
4.5 The Lanao Sultanate Monarchial Structure and
Functions
CHAPTER IV
THE LEGITIMACY OF THE LANAO SULTANATE

FINDINGS AND RESULTS

[ONGOING]
BIBLIOGRAPHY

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The Political Legitimacy of the Lanao

Sultanate from Epistemological
Perspectives with Special Reference to the
Works of Al- Mward and Al-Ghazzl
Presented by: Sohayle M. Hadji Abdul Racman
15H1954
Candidate for PhD. in Islamic Civilization and
Contemporary Issues
Supervisors: Dr. MulyadhiKarthanegara
Dr. Gabriel F. Haddad
Sultan Omar Ali Saifuddien Centre for Islamic
Studies,
Universiti Brunei Darussalam