CIVE1620: Matrices - Lecture 3

09/04/2009

Try these multiplications - 3 minsLinear Equations & Matrices

School of Civil Engineering

FACULTY OF ENGINEERING

1)

CIVE 1620: Engineering Maths 1.1

Linear Equations & Matrix Algebra

2)

Lecture 3

1x3 + 0x2 + 2x1

Matrix equations

Engineering Maths 1.1: www.efm.leeds.ac.uk/CIVE/CIVE1620

TryAnswers
these multiplications - 3 minsLinear Equations & Matrices
1)

2x5 + 1x4

2x5 + 1x4

14 1

6x5 + 0x4

6x0 + 0x1

30 0

Matrix Equations
Most common use is:

To represent simultaneous equations:

4x
2)

1x3 + 0x2 + 2x1

-1x3 + 3x2 + 1x1

1x1 + 0x1 + 2x0

-1x1 + 3x1 + 1x0

Linear Equations & Matrices

2z

4 1 2

2 y 3z

1 2 3

6 x 3 y 4 z 13

6 3 4

13

Ax B
Engineering Maths 1.1: www.efm.leeds.ac.uk/CIVE/CIVE1620

Engineering Maths 1.1: www.efm.leeds.ac.uk/CIVE/CIVE1620

Coordinate Transformation: Rotation

Linear Equations & Matrices

Coordinate Transformation: Rotation

Linear Equations & Matrices

A common engineering example

x in terms of x, y and
Y

Y
Y

(x,y)
( x, y )

(x,y)
( x, y )

X
X

y
X
X

B
C

x' OA AB BD
x' x cos

BC sin

x' x cos

BC

x' x cos

y sin

BP sin
BP sin

What are (x , y) in terms of (x, y) and ?

Engineering Maths 1.1: www.efm.leeds.ac.uk/CIVE/CIVE1620

Engineering Maths 1.1: www.efm.leeds.ac.uk/CIVE/CIVE1620

CIVE1620: Matrices - Lecture 3

09/04/2009

Coordinate Transformation: Rotation

Linear Equations & Matrices

Coordinate Transformation: Rotation

Linear Equations & Matrices

y in terms of x, y and

x' x cos

Y
Y

(x,y)
( x, y )

B
C

x sin

y cos

y ' BP cos

y'

y ' PD

y sin

y'

y BC cos

y'

y x tan

y'

x sin

cos
y cos

x'

cos

sin

y'

sin

cos

Engineering Maths 1.1: www.efm.leeds.ac.uk/CIVE/CIVE1620

Engineering Maths 1.1: www.efm.leeds.ac.uk/CIVE/CIVE1620

Coordinate Transformation: Translation

Linear Equations & Matrices

Coordinate Translation & RotationLinear Equations & Matrices

x' x a
y' y b

(x,y)
( x, y )

x' ' x cos

y' ' x sin

x'

y'

(x,y)
( x, y )

Translation along x axis

X

a
X

b
X

Engineering Maths 1.1: www.efm.leeds.ac.uk/CIVE/CIVE1620

x'
y'

x a cos
x a sin

y b sin
y b cos
X

Y
P

(x,y)
( x, y )

Translation along y axis

a sin

MultiplyingTransformation
Matrices
Coordinate
Example
Linear Equations & Matrices

A: (4, 1), B: (1, 5) and C: (8, 4) on axes (x, y)

A: (40, 20), B: (43, 24) on axes (x, y).
B

a
X

b cos

X
X

y
Y

b sin

Engineering Maths 1.1: www.efm.leeds.ac.uk/CIVE/CIVE1620

Coordinate Translation & RotationLinear Equations & Matrices

Y

a cos

y sin
y cos

C
A

x'

cos

sin

y'

sin

cos

X
X

Engineering Maths 1.1: www.efm.leeds.ac.uk/CIVE/CIVE1620

Engineering Maths 1.1: www.efm.leeds.ac.uk/CIVE/CIVE1620

CIVE1620: Matrices - Lecture 3

09/04/2009

MultiplyingTransformation
Matrices
Coordinate
Example
Linear Equations & Matrices

Rotate coordinate systems so both parallel

Calculate angle of line AB on each

Coordinate Transformation Example

Linear Equations & Matrices
Rotate A to intermediate axis (x , y)
x' '

cos 73.8

y' '
B

3.56

Calculate required translation to (x , y)

X

2.08

C
A

tan

sin 73.8 4

sin 73.8 cos 73.8 1

4 1
5 1

tan

36.9

Total rotation:

43 40
24 20

36.9

x'

x' '

40

y'

y' '

20

2.08
3.56

37.92
23.56

Engineering Maths 1.1: www.efm.leeds.ac.uk/CIVE/CIVE1620

Engineering Maths 1.1: www.efm.leeds.ac.uk/CIVE/CIVE1620

Coordinate Transformation Example

Linear Equations & Matrices
Todays lecture:

Complete Rotation and Translation

x'
y'

cos 73.8

sin 73.8

37.92

sin 73.8 cos 73.8

23.56

Introduction to the Matrices

Matrix Arithmetic

Check for point B

x'

cos 73.8

y'

sin 73.8 1

37.92

43

sin 73.8 cos 73.8 5

23.56

24

Point C
x'
y'

cos 73.8

sin 73.8 8

37.92

44

sin 73.8 cos 73.8 4

23.56

17

Engineering Maths 1.1: www.efm.leeds.ac.uk/CIVE/CIVE1620

16