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ME 6503/ Design of Machine Elements
Mechanical Engineering
2016-2017
UNIT- IV- DESIGN OF ENERGY STORING ELEMENTS

PART A
1. What is a spring?
A spring is an elastic member, which deflects, or distorts under the action of load and regains its
original shape after the load is removed.
2. State any two functions of springs.
I. To measure forces in spring balance, meters and engine indicators. ii. To store energy.
3. What are the various types of springs?
i. Helical springs ii. Spiral springs iii. Leaf springs iv. Disc spring or Belleville springs
4. Classify the helical springs.
i. Close coiled or tension helical spring. ii. Open coiled or compression helical spring.
5. Define: Leaf springs
A leaf spring consists of flat bars of varying lengths clamped together and supported at both ends,
thus acting as a simply supported beam.
6. Define: Belleville Springs
They are made in the form of a cone disc to carry a high compressive force. In order to improve their
load carrying capacity, they may be stacked up together. The major stresses are tensile and compressive.
7. What is spring index (C)? (Nov 2012)
The ratio of mean or pitch diameter to the diameter of wire for the spring is called the spring index.
8. What is pitch?
The axial distance between the adjacent coils in uncompressed state.
9. What is solid length?
The length of a spring under the maximum compression is called its solid length. It is the product of
total number of coils and the diameter of wire. Ls = nt x d Where, nt = total number of coils.
10. What are the requirements of spring while designing?
a. Spring must carry the service load without the stress exceeding the safe value.
b. The spring rate must be satisfactory for the given application.
11 What are the end conditions of spring?
a. Plain end. b. Plain and ground end C. Squared end D. Squared and ground end.
12. What is buckling of springs?
The helical compression spring behaves like a column and buckles at a comparative small load when
the length of the spring is more than 4 times the mean coil diameter.
13. What is surge in springs? (Nov 2012)
The material is subjected to higher stresses, which may cause early fatigue failure. This effect is
called as spring surge.
14. What is a laminated leaf spring?
In order to increase, the load carrying capacity, number of flat plates is placed and below the other.
15. What semi elliptical leaf springs?
The spring consists of number of leaves, which are held together by U- clips. The long leaf fastened
to the supported is called master leaf. Remaining leaves are called as graduated leaves.
16. What is nipping of laminated leaf spring?
Prestressing of leaf springs is obtained by a difference of radii of curvature known as nipping.
17. What are the various applications of springs?
The springs are used in various applications, they are
a. Used to absorb energy or shocks (e.g. shock absorbers, buffers, etc.)
b. To apply forces as in brakes clutches, spring-loaded valves, etc.
c. To measure forces as in spring balances and engine indicators
d. To store energy as in watches
18. Define free length. (NOV/DEC 2015)
Free length of the spring is the length of the spring when it is free or unloaded condition. It is equal
to the solid length plus the maximum deflection or compression plus clash allowance.
Lf = solid length + Ymax + 0.15 Ymax
19. Define spring index & Spring Constant? (Nov 2012)
Spring index (C) is defined as the ratio of the mean diameter of the coil to the diameter of the wire.
C =D/d
20. Define spring rate (stiffness). (NOV/DEC 2015)
The spring stiffness or spring constant is defined as the load required per unit deflection of the
spring. K= W/y Where W-load y-deflection
21. Define pitch.
St.Joseph's College of Engineering/ St. Joseph's Institute of Technology
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Pitch of the spring is defined as the axial distance between the adjacent coils in uncompressed state.
Mathematically Pitch=free length n-1
22. What are the points to be taken into consideration while selecting the pitch of the spring?
The points taken into consideration of selecting the pitch of the springs are
a. The pitch of the coil should be such that if the spring is accidentally compressed the stress
does
not increase the yield point stress in torsion.
b. The spring should not be close up before the maximum service load is reached.
23. Define active turns.
Active turns of the spring are defined as the number of turns, which impart spring action while
loaded. As load increases the no of active coils decreases.
24. Define inactive turns.
Inactive turns of the spring are defined as the number of turns which does not contribute to the
spring action while loaded. As load increases number of inactive coils increases from 0.5 to 1 turn.
25. Write about the eccentric loading of springs?
If the load acting on the spring does not coincide with the axis of the spring, then spring is said to be
have eccentric load. In eccentric loading the safe load of the spring decreases and the stiffness of the spring
is also affected.
26. Explain about surge in springs?
When one end of the spring is resting on a rigid support and the other end is loaded suddenly, all the coils of
spring does not deflect equally, because some time is required for the propagation of stress along the wire.
Thus a wave of compression propagates to the fixed end from where it is reflected back to the deflected end
this wave passes through the spring indefinitely. If the time interval between the load application and that of
the wave to propagate are equal, then resonance will occur. This will result in very high stresses and cause
failure. This phenomenon is called surge.
27. What are the methods used for eliminating surge in springs?
The methods used for eliminating surge are
a. By using dampers on the center coil so that the wave propagation dies out
b. By using springs having high natural frequency.
28. What are the disadvantages of using helical spring of non-circular wires?
a. The quality of the spring is not good
b. The shape of the wire does not remain constant while forming the helix. It reduces the energy
absorbing capacity of the spring.
c. The stress distribution is not favorable as in circular wires. But this effect is negligible where
loading is of static nature.
29 Why concentric springs are used?
a. To get greater spring force within a given space
b. To insure the operation of a mechanism in the event of failure of one of the spring
30. What is the advantage of leaf spring over helical spring?
The advantage of leaf spring over helical spring is that the end of the spring may be guided along a
definite path as it deflects to act a structural member in addition to energy absorbing device.
31. Write notes on the master leaf & graduated leaf?
The longest leaf of the spring is known as main leaf or master leaf has its ends in the form of an eye
through which bolts are passed to secure the spring. The leaf of the spring other than master leaf is
called the graduated leaves.
32. What is meant by nip in leaf springs?
By giving greater radius of curvature to the full length leaves than the graduated leaves, before the
leaves are assembled to form a spring thus a gap or clearance will be left between the leaves. This
initial gap is called nip.
33. What is flywheel?
Flywheel is a machine elements used to minimize the fluctuation of speed in a engine.
34. What is the function of flywheel? (Nov 2012)
A flywheel used in machine serves as a reservoir which stores energy during the period when the
supply of energy is more than the requirement and releases it dulling the period when the
requirement of energy is more than the supply.
35. Define the term fluctuation of speed and fluctuation of energy. (Nov 2012)
The ratio of maximum fluctuation of speed to the mean speed is called coefficient of fluctuation of
speed. The ratio of fluctuation of energy to the mean energy is called coefficient of fluctuation of
energy.
36. State the type of stresses induced in a rim flywheel? (Nov 2012)
1. Tensile stress due to centrifugal force
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2. Tensile bending stress caused by the restraint of the arms and

3. The shrinkage stresses due to unequal rate of cooling of casting.
37. What are the stresses induced in flywheel arms?
1. Tensile stress due to centrifugal force. 2. Bending stress due to torque.
3. Stress due to belt tension.
38. How does the function of flywheel differ from that of governor? (Nov 2012)
A governor regulates the mean speed of an engine when there are variations in the mean loads. It
automatically controls the supply of working fluid to engine with the varying load condition &
keeps the mean speed with contain limits. It does not control the speed variation caused by the
varying load. A flywheel does not maintain const speed.
39. What is the effect of change in spring index on wahls factor and on the stress induced in a helical
compression spring?
(APRIL/MAY 2015)
In order to consider the effects of both direct shear as well as curvature of the wire, a Wahls stress
factor (K) introduced by A.M. Wahl may be used.Wahls stress factor increases very rapidly as the spring
index decreases
40. State the purpose of using concentric springs
(APRIL/MAY 2015)
A concentric or composite spring is used for one of the following purposes : 1. To obtain greater spring force
within a given space. 2. To insure the operation of a mechanism in the event of failure of one of the springs.
PART B
1. A safety valve of 60 mm diameter is to blow off at a pressure of 1.2 N/mm 2. It is held on its seat by a
close coiled helical spring. The maximum lift of the valve is 10 mm. Design a suitable compression
spring of spring index 5 and providing an initial compression of 35 mm. The maximum shear stress in
the material of the wire is limited to 500 MPa. The modulus of rigidity for the spring material is 80
kN/mm2. Calculate: 1. Diameter of the spring wire, 2. Mean coil diameter, 3. Number of active turns, and
4. Pitch of the coil.
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2. A single plate clutch is to be designed for a vehicle. Both sides of the plate are to be effective. The clutch
transmits 30 kW at a speed of 3000 r.p.m. and should cater for an over load of 20%. The intensity of
pressure on the friction surface should not exceed 0.085 N/mm 2 and the surface speed at the mean radius
should be limited to 2300 m/min. The outside diameter of the surfaces may be assumed as 1.3 times the
inside diameter and the coefficient of friction for the surfaces may be taken as 0.3. If the axial thrust is to
be provided by six springs of about 25 mm mean coil diameter, design the springs selecting wire from
the following gauges. Safe shear stress is limited to 420 MPa and modulus of rigidity is 84 kN/mm 2.
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3. A rail wagon of mass 20 tonnes is moving with a velocity of 2 m/s. It is brought to rest by two buffers
with springs of 300 mm diameter. The maximum deflection of springs is 250 mm. The allowable shear
stress in the spring material is 600 MPa. Design the spring for the buffers.
4. A helical compression spring made of oil tempered carbon steel, is subjected to a load which varies
from400 N to 1000 N. The spring index is 6 and the design factor of safety is 1.25. If the yield stress in
shear is 770 MPa and endurance stress in shear is 350 MPa,
find: 1. Size of the spring wire,
2.Diameters of the spring, 3. Number of turns of the spring, and 4. free length of the spring. The
compression of the spring at the maximum load is 30 mm. The modulus of rigidity for the spring
material may be taken as 80 kN/mm 2.
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5. A composite spring has two closed coil helical springs as shown in Fig. The outer
spring is 15 mm larger than the inner spring. The outer spring has 10 coils of mean
diameter 40 mm and wire diameter 5mm. The inner spring has 8 coils of mean
diameter 30 mm and wire diameter 4 mm. When the spring is subjected to an axial
load of 400 N, find (1) compression of each spring, (2) load shared by each spring,
and (3) shear stress induced in each spring. The modulus of rigidity may be taken
as 84 kN/mm2.All dimensions in mm.
6. Design a helical spring for a spring loaded safety valve (Rams bottom safety valve) for the following
conditions : Diameter of valve seat = 65 mm; Operating pressure=0.7 N/mm 2; Maximum pressure when
the valve blows off freely = 0.75 N/mm 2; Maximum lift of the valve when the pressure rises from0.7 to
0.75 N/mm2 = 3.5 mm; Maximum allowable stress = 550 MPa; Modulus of rigidity = 84 kN/mm 2;
Spring index = 6..Draw a neat sketch of the free spring showing the main dimensions. (NOV 2012)
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8.Design a leaf spring for the following specifications :

Total load = 140 kN; Number of springs supporting the load = 4; Maximum number of leaves =10;
Span
of the spring = 1000 mm; Permissible deflection = 80 mm. Take Young's modulus, E = 200 kN/mm 2 and
allowable stress in spring material as 600 MPa. (NOV 2012)
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10. A punching press pierces 35 holes per minute in a plate using 10kN-m of energy per hole during each
revolution. Each piercing takes 40 per cent of the time needed to make one revolution. The punch
receives power through a gear reduction unit which in turn is fed by a motor driven belt pulley 800 mm
diameter and turning at 210 r.p.m. Find the power of the electric motor if overall efficiency of the
transmission unit is 80 per cent. Design a cast iron flywheel to be used with the punching machine for a
coefficient of steadiness of 5, if the space considerations limit the maximum diameter to 1.3 m.
Allowable shear stress in the shaft material = 50 MPa, Allowable tensile stress for cast iron= 4 MPa,
Density of cast iron = 7200 kg/m3. (NOV 2012)
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11. The areas of the turning moment diagram for one revolution of a multi-cylinder engine with
reference to the mean turning moment, below and above the line, are -32, + 408, - 267, + 333, - 310,
+ 226, - 374, + 260 and - 244 mm 2. The scale for abscissa and ordinate are: 1 mm = 2.4 and 1 mm =
650 N-m respectively. The mean speed is 300 r.p.m. with a percentage speed fluctuation of 1.5%. If
the hoop stress in the material of the rim is not to exceed 5.6 MPa, determine the suitable diameter
and cross-section for the flywheel, assuming that the Width is equal to 4 times the thickness. The
density of the material may be taken to be 7200 kg/m3. Neglect the effect of the boss and arms.
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12.
The turning moment diagram for a petrol engine is drawn to the following scales : Turning moment,
1 mm = 5 N-m; crank angle 1 mm = 1. The turning moment diagram repeats itself at every half
revolution of the engine and the areas above and below the mean turning moment line, taken in order are
295, 685, 40, 340, 960, 270 mm 2. Determine the mass of 300 mm diameter flywheel rim when the
coefficient of fluctuation of speed is 0.3% and the engine runs at 1800 r.p.m. Also determine the crosssection of the rim when the width of the rim is twice of thickness. Assume density of rim material as 7250
kg/m3.
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13.
A multi-cylinder engine is to run at a constant load at a speed of 600 r.p.m. On drawing the crank
effort diagram to scale of 1 mm = 250 N-m and 1 mm = 3, the areas in sq mm above and below the
mean torque line are as follows: + 160, - 172, + 168, - 191, + 197, - 162 sq mm. The speed is to be kept
within 1% of the mean speed of the engine. Calculate the necessary moment of inertia of the flywheel.
Determine suitable dimensions for cast iron flywheel with a rim whose breadth is twice its radial
thickness. The density of cast iron is 7250 kg/m3, and its working stress in tension is 6 MPa. Assume that
the rim contributes 92% of the flywheel effect. (NOV/DEC 2015)
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14. A single cylinder double acting steam engine delivers 185 kW at 100 r.p.m. The maximum fluctuation of
energy per revolution is 15 per cent of the energy developed per revolution. The speed variation is limited
to 1 percent either way from the mean. The mean diameter of the rim is 2.4 m. Design and draws two
views of the flywheel. (NOV/DEC 2015)
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15. A single cylinder double acting steam engine develops 150 kW at a mean speed of 80 r.p.m. The
coefficient of fluctuation of energy is 0.1 and the fluctuation of speed is 2% of mean speed. If the mean
diameter of the flywheel rim is 2 m and the hub and spokes provide 5 percent of the rotational inertia of
the wheel, find the mass of the flywheel and cross-sectional area of the rim. Assume the density of the
flywheel material (which is cast iron) as 7200 kg/m3
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16.
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Design a helical compression spring to sustain an axial load 4KN. The deflection is 80m. Spring index
is 6. The Shear stress is not to exceed 350 MPa. Rigidity modulus for spring material is 81 GPa.
(APRIL/MAY 2015).
17. Design a connecting rod for an I.C. engine running at 1800 r.p.m. and developing a maximum pressure of
3.15 N/mm2. The diameter of the piston is 100 mm ; mass of the reciprocating parts per cylinder 2.25 kg;
length of connecting rod 380 mm; stroke of piston 190 mm and compression ratio 6 : 1. Take a factor of
safety of 6 for the design. Take length to diameter ratio for bearing as 1.3 and small end bearing as 2 and
the corresponding bearing pressures as 10 N/mm 2 and 15 N/mm2.The density of material of the rod may
be taken as 8000 kg/m3 and the allowable stress in the bolts as 60 N/mm 2 and in cap as 80 N/mm 2. The
rod is to be of I-section for which you can choose your own proportions. Draw a neat dimensioned
sketch showing provision for lubrication. Use Rankine formula for which the numerator constant may be
taken as 320 N/mm2 and the denominator constant 1 / 7500. (NOV 2012)
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18.
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Design a leaf spring for the following specification for a trunk. Assume FOS= 2.
Maximum load on spring = 100KN. No .of Springs = 4. Material of springs = CrVa Steel ( u=1380MPa
and E= 206103 MPa). Span of spring = 1000mm. width of central band = 150mm. permissible
deflection = 100mm. Assume 2 full length and 6 Graduated Leaves
(APRIL/MAY 2015)
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UNIT - V- DESIGN OF BEARINGS & MISCELLANEOUS ELEMENTS

PART A
1. What is bearing?
Bearing is a stationery machine element which supports a rotating shafts or axles and confines its
motion.
2. Classify the types of bearings.
i. Depending upon the type of load coming upon the shaft:
a. Radial bearing b. Thrust bearings.
ii. Depending upon the nature of contact:
a. Sliding contact b. Rolling contact bearings or Antifriction bearings.
3. What are the required properties of bearing materials? (Nov 2012)
Bearing material should have the following properties. i. High compressive strength ii. Low
coefficient of friction iii. High thermal conductivity. High resistance to corrosion
v. Sufficient fatigue
strength vi. It should be soft with a low modulus of elasticity vii. Bearing materials should not get weld
easily to the journal material.
4. What is a journal bearing?
A journal bearing is a sliding contact bearing which gives lateral support to the rotating shaft.
5. What are the types of journal bearings depending upon the nature of contact?
1. Full journal bearing 2. Partial bearing 3. Fitted bearing.
6. What are the types of journal bearing depending upon the nature of lubrication?
1. Thick film type 2. Thin film type 3. Hydrostatic bearings 4. Hydrodynamic bearing.
7. What is known as self acting bearing?
The pressure is created within the system due to rotation of the shaft; this type of bearing is known
as self acting bearing.
8). Define Rolling Contact Bearings
In rolling contact bearings, the contact between the bearing surfaces is rolling instead of sliding as in
sliding contact bearings. The ordinary sliding bearing starts from rest with practically metal-to-metal contact
and has a high coefficient of friction. It is an outstanding advantage of a rolling contact bearing over a sliding
bearing that it has a low starting friction. Due to this low friction offered by rolling contact bearings, these
are called antifriction bearings.
9). what are the advantages of Rolling Contact Bearings over Sliding Contact Bearings. (Nov 2012)
The following are some advantages of rolling contact bearings over sliding contact bearings.
Advantages
1. Low starting and running friction except at very high speeds.
2. Ability to withstand momentary shock loads.
3. Accuracy of shaft alignment.
4. Low cost of maintenance, as no lubrication is required while in service.
5. Small overall dimensions.
6. Reliability of service.
7. Easy to mount and erect.
8. Cleanliness.
10).What are the disadvantages of Rolling Contact Bearings over Sliding Contact Bearings
The following are some disadvantages of rolling contact bearings over sliding contact bearings.
Disadvantages
1. More noisy at very high speeds.
2. Low resistance to shock loading.
3. More initial cost.
4. Design of bearing housing complicated.
11).What are the types of rolling contact bearings?
1. Ball bearings; and 2. Roller bearings.
The ball and roller bearings consist of an inner race which is mounted on the shaft or journal and an
outer race which is carried by the housing or casing. In between the inner and outer race, there are balls or
rollers as shown in Fig.. A number of balls or rollers are used and these are held at proper distances by
retainers so that they do not touch each other. The retainers are thin strips and is usually in two parts which
are assembled after the balls have been properly spaced. The ball bearings are used for light loads and the
roller bearings are used for heavier loads.
12). Classify the rolling contact bearing according to load carrying capacity? (Nov 2012)
The rolling contact bearings, depending upon the load to be carried, are classified as :
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(a) Radial bearings, and (b) Thrust bearings. The radial and thrust ball bearings are shown in Fig.
When a ball bearing supports only a radial load (WR), the plane of rotation of the ball is normal to the centre
line of the bearing, as shown in Fig. The action of thrust load (WA) is to shift the plane of rotation of the
balls, as shown in Fig. The radial and thrust loads both may be carried simultaneously.
13).Draw the diagram of ball and roller bearing?
14).Draw the diagram of radial and thrust loads bearing?
15).Define and where Self-aligning bearing is used?

These bearings permit shaft deflections within 2-3 degrees. It may be noted that normal clearance in a ball
bearing are too small to accommodate any appreciable misalignment of the shaft relative to the housing. If
the unit is assembled with shaft misalignment present, then the bearing will be subjected to a load that may
be in excess of the design value and premature failure may occur.
16).What are the different types of self-aligning bearings? (Nov 2012)
(a) Externally self-aligning bearing, and (b) Internally self-aligning bearing.
In an externally self-aligning bearing, the outside diameter of the outer race is ground to a spherical surface
which fits in a mating spherical surface in a housing, In case of internally self-aligning bearing, the inner
surface of the outer race is ground to a spherical Radial ball bearing surface. Consequently, the outer race
may be displaced through a small angle without interfering with the normal operation of the bearing. The
internally self-aligning ball bearing is interchangeable with other ball bearings.
17).Define and where Angular contact bearing is used?
These bearings have one side of the outer race cut away to permit the insertion of more balls than in a deep
groove bearing but without having a notch cut into both races. This permits the bearing to carry a relatively
large axial load in one direction while also carrying a relatively large radial load. The angular contact
bearings are usually used in pairs so that thrust loads may be carried in either direction.
18).Draw the diagram of single row deep groove and filling notch rolling contact bearing?
19).Draw the diagram of angular contact rolling contact bearing?
20).Draw the diagram of double row and self aligning rolling contact bearing?
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21).How do you express the life of a bearing? What is an average or median life?
The life of an individual ball (or roller) bearing may be defined as the number of revolutions (or
hours at some given constant speed) which the bearing runs before the first evidence of fatigue develops in
the material of one of the rings or any of the rolling elements. The rating life of a group of apparently
identical ball or roller bearings is defined as the number of revolutions (or hours at some given constant
speed) that 90 per cent of a group of bearings will complete or exceed before the first evidence of fatigue
develops (i.e. only 10 per cent of a group of bearings fail due to fatigue).
22).Define the following terms Basic Dynamic Load Rating of Rolling Contact Bearings?
The basic dynamic load rating is defined as the constant stationary radial load (in case of radial ball
or roller bearings) or constant axial load (in case of thrust ball or roller bearings) which a group of apparently
identical bearings with stationary outer ring can endure for a rating life of one million revolutions (which is
equivalent to 500 hours of operation at 33.3 r.p.m.) with only 10 per cent failure.
23).Define the following terms Dynamic Equivalent Load Rating of Rolling Contact Bearings?
The dynamic equivalent load may be defined as the constant stationary radial load (in case of radial
ball or roller bearings) or axial load (in case of thrust ball or roller bearings) which, if applied to a bearing
with rotating inner ring and stationary outer ring, would give the same life as that which the bearing will
attain under the actual conditions of load and rotation.
24).Define Static Equivalent Load for Rolling Contact Bearings? (NOV/DEC 2015)
The static equivalent load may be defined as the static radial load (in case of radial ball or roller
bearings) or axial load (in case of thrust ball or roller bearings) which, if applied, would cause the same total
permanent deformation at the most heavily stressed ball (or roller) and race contact as that which occurs
under the actual conditions of loading.
25). Define the term Reliability of a Bearing? (NOV/DEC 2015)
The reliability (R) is defined as the ratio of the number of bearings which have successfully
completed L million revolutions to the total number of bearings under test. Sometimes, it becomes necessary
to select a bearing having a reliability of more than 90%.
26. What is self ball bearing? State its unique features?
(APRIL/MAY 2015)
These bearings permit shaft deflections within 2-3 degrees. It may be noted that normal clearance in
a ball bearing are too small to accommodate any appreciable misalignment of the shaft relative to the
housing. If the unit is assembled with shaft misalignment present, then the bearing will be subjected to a load
that may be in excess of the design value and premature failure may occur.
27. What is sommerfield? State its importance in the design of journal bearing (APRIL/MAY 2015)
`
The Sommerfeld number is also a dimensionless parameter used extensively in the design of journal
bearings. Mathematically,
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PART B
1) Design a journal bearing for a centrifugal pump from the following data :Load on the journal = 20
000 N; Speed of the journal = 900 r.p.m.; Type of oil is SAE 10, for which the absolute viscosity at
55C= 0.017 kg/m-s; Ambient temperature of oil = 15.5C; Maximum bearing pressure for the pump
= 1.5 N/mm2. Calculate also mass of the lubricating oil required for artificial cooling, if rise of
temperature of oil be limited to 10C. Heat dissipation coefficient = 1232 W/m 2/C.
2) a) A full journal bearing of 50 mm diameter and 100 mm long has a bearing pressure of 1.4 N/mm 2. The
speed of the journal is 900 r.p.m. and the ratio of journal diameter to the diametral clearance is1000. The
bearing is lubricated with oil whose absolute viscosity at the operating temperature of 75 oC may be taken as
0.011 kg/m-s. The room temperature is 35C. Find : 1. The amount of artificial cooling required, and 2. The
mass of the lubricating oil required, if the difference between the outlet and inlet temperature of the oil is
10C. Take specific heat of the oil as 1850 J/kg/oC. (Nov 2012)
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3)A 150 mm diameter shaft supporting a load of 10 kN has a speed of 1500 r.p.m. The shaft runs in a bearing
whose length is 1.5 times the shaft diameter. If the diametral clearance of the bearing is 0.15 mm and the
absolute viscosity of the oil at the operating temperature is 0.011 kg/m-s, find the power wasted
in friction
4) Design a journal bearing for a centrifugal pump with the following data: Diameter of the journal = 150mm
Load on bearing = 40kN Speed of journal = 900rpm (Nov 2012)
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5) Design a journal bearing for 12MW, 1000rpm steam turbine, which is supported by two bearings. Take the
atmospheric temperature as 16oC and operating temperature of oil as 60 oC. Assume viscosity of oil as 23
centistokes.
6) Design a journal bearing to support a load of 5000N at 720 rpm using a hardened steel journal and a
bronze backed babbit bearing. The bearing is lubricated by oil rings. Room temperature is 25C and oil
temperature is 82oC.
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7) Following data is given for a 360 o hydrodynamic bearing Journal Diameter =100 mm , Radial
clearance=0.12 mm Radial load =50 kN, Bearing length =100mm, Journal speed =1440 rpm, Viscosity of
lubricant=16 cp, Calculate(i) Minimum film thickness , (ii)co-efficient of friction , (iii)Power lost in friction
8). A ball bearing subjected to a radial load of 5 kN is expected to have a life of 8000 hours at 1450 r.p.m.
with a reliability of 99%. Calculate the dynamic load capacity of the bearing so that it can be selected
from the manufacturer's catalogue based on a reliability of 90%. . (Nov 2012)
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9). A ball bearing subjected to a radial load of 4000 N is expected to have a satisfactory life of 12 000
hours at 720 r.p.m. with a reliability of 95%. Calculate the dynamic load carrying capacity of the bearing, so
that it can be selected from manufacturer's catalogue based on 90% reliability. If there are four such bearings
each with a reliability of 95% in a system, what is the reliability of the complete system?
10). A rolling contact bearing is subjected to the following work cycle :

(a) Radial load of 6000 N at 150 r.p.m. for 25% of the time; (b) Radial load of 7500 N at 600 r.p.m. for
20% of the time; and (c) Radial load of 2000 N at 300 r.p.m. for 55% of the time. The inner ring rotates and
loads are steady. Select a bearing for an expected average life of 2500 hours.
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11). A single row deep groove ball bearing operating at 2000 r.p.m. is acted by a 10 kN radial load and
8 kN thrust load. The bearing is subjected to a light shock load and the outer ring is rotating. Determine
the rating life of the bearing. (Nov 2012)
12.Load on a hydrodynamic full journal bearing is 30KN. The diameter and speed of a shaft are 150 mm
respectively. Diameter clearance 0.2 mm. sommerfield number is 0.631. L/D ratio 1:1. Calculate
temperature rise of oil, quantity of oil, heat generated and types of oil required.
(APRIL/MAY
2015)
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13. Enumerate the details steps involved in the selection of bearing from the manufactures catalogue
(APRIL/MAY 2015)
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ME 6503/ Design of Machine Elements

UNIT- IV- DESIGN OF ENERGY STORING ELEMENTS

ME 6503/ Design of Machine Elements

ME 6503/ Design of Machine Elements

2. Tensile bending stress caused by the restraint of the arms and

St.Joseph's College of Engineering/ St. Joseph's Institute of Technology

ME 6503/ Design of Machine Elements

St.Joseph's College of Engineering/ St. Joseph's Institute of Technology

ME 6503/ Design of Machine Elements

St.Joseph's College of Engineering/ St. Joseph's Institute of Technology

ME 6503/ Design of Machine Elements

St.Joseph's College of Engineering/ St. Joseph's Institute of Technology

ME 6503/ Design of Machine Elements

8.Design a leaf spring for the following specifications :

St.Joseph's College of Engineering/ St. Joseph's Institute of Technology

ME 6503/ Design of Machine Elements

St.Joseph's College of Engineering/ St. Joseph's Institute of Technology

ME 6503/ Design of Machine Elements

St.Joseph's College of Engineering/ St. Joseph's Institute of Technology

ME 6503/ Design of Machine Elements

St.Joseph's College of Engineering/ St. Joseph's Institute of Technology

ME 6503/ Design of Machine Elements

St.Joseph's College of Engineering/ St. Joseph's Institute of Technology

ME 6503/ Design of Machine Elements

St.Joseph's College of Engineering/ St. Joseph's Institute of Technology

ME 6503/ Design of Machine Elements

St.Joseph's College of Engineering/ St. Joseph's Institute of Technology

ME 6503/ Design of Machine Elements

St.Joseph's College of Engineering/ St. Joseph's Institute of Technology

ME 6503/ Design of Machine Elements

St.Joseph's College of Engineering/ St. Joseph's Institute of Technology

ME 6503/ Design of Machine Elements

St.Joseph's College of Engineering/ St. Joseph's Institute of Technology

ME 6503/ Design of Machine Elements

St.Joseph's College of Engineering/ St. Joseph's Institute of Technology

ME 6503/ Design of Machine Elements

St.Joseph's College of Engineering/ St. Joseph's Institute of Technology

ME 6503/ Design of Machine Elements

UNIT - V- DESIGN OF BEARINGS & MISCELLANEOUS ELEMENTS

ME 6503/ Design of Machine Elements

14).Draw the diagram of radial and thrust loads bearing?

15).Define and where Self-aligning bearing is used?

19).Draw the diagram of angular contact rolling contact bearing?

St.Joseph's College of Engineering/ St. Joseph's Institute of Technology

ME 6503/ Design of Machine Elements

St.Joseph's College of Engineering/ St. Joseph's Institute of Technology

ME 6503/ Design of Machine Elements

St.Joseph's College of Engineering/ St. Joseph's Institute of Technology

ME 6503/ Design of Machine Elements

St.Joseph's College of Engineering/ St. Joseph's Institute of Technology

ME 6503/ Design of Machine Elements

St.Joseph's College of Engineering/ St. Joseph's Institute of Technology

ME 6503/ Design of Machine Elements

St.Joseph's College of Engineering/ St. Joseph's Institute of Technology

ME 6503/ Design of Machine Elements

10). A rolling contact bearing is subjected to the following work cycle :

St.Joseph's College of Engineering/ St. Joseph's Institute of Technology

ME 6503/ Design of Machine Elements

St.Joseph's College of Engineering/ St. Joseph's Institute of Technology

ME 6503/ Design of Machine Elements

St.Joseph's College of Engineering/ St. Joseph's Institute of Technology

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