Anda di halaman 1dari 19

................................................................................................................................................

........................................................
R

IN
.................................
Q
H
1

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

1. P
F
A..300 A A IJ
,
K HK F
KF.
F E
M
CAl? AF K
Q .
IJ FJ Q
.
FJ A
GF ?
C C , C
A . , F
G FK
. , F A
A A
F
.
A.H.1420 A , Q
H F
P CF .
, E N.
A.H.1400O F F
P A O F,
2

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

, ,
F .
FML ,
J. K
H
, FJ
O M FKM.
, H FM
N HF .

F MKF;
F F F
GF.

H O
J .
MF . A.H.1418
P WC
N F P C.
WC HK
K P, HK P
F G
E A.
P L J
GM FL F
H.
I P WC
P 1460 .
F WC
J Ae F
F JM.
HK A M;
4

FJ 1482 ,
(Diago Cao) WC F
P. F
H . A
M PF - F
M F ;
A GF . Q,
HK F MKF.
1488 WC F
(Bartholomew Diaz), HKM
H
F. 1497 v
F .
K, HK F
MKF Q, MKFKA?
F
GF PH
H.
F - 0

- 90 N

- 90 S
FL F - 45 N
FL F - 45 S
5

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

HKM 35 S .
, HK FJ M
FJ F.

P O vJ
F H H N
. L K
A F A N
F
M K
bQF.

WC HK
P APv v
L N
H. I A!
,
F ?
C.
A.H.1492 , vJ
NH .
v A
CJ GF . F
A, F
K H. v
K H
HE .
H v F
vJ I
FF . WC F
C F H FO
E . v
F H F
vJ E M.
I v
(Ferdinand Magellan) WC
NJ .
6

APv R
7

................................................................................................................................................

A.H.1519- , vJQL
K
. OF F
K . K AL
M J
G E
CO .

F A L
A.H.1520 F 21 . H
N Q
A. M
KM F . H
L F(Strait of magellan)
PH.

................................................................................................................................................

(Tierra del Fuego) AF


(Land of fire) .


FJ N M.
P F .
J.
HLv bM .
CQ J HK.
C M C
J. J H
AL H .

, F F
540S . F JL P
A .

A.H.1522- , F,8-
Q 5 vJ .
F 18 CJ.
MJ G F P
AO G F.
MJ KM
F K F
M. . C
IK G F J
FJ F E.
H F
F.

FJ FJ
G . FJ N
( M) G
I A
b .
vJ NJ H

A.H.1577- FJ A I
Cv (Francis Drake), KM
CH L A .
Q A FM N
H . O A
vJ .

FJ J K
IO F
F. CH(Pacific)
F(Peaceful) .

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

KI A I vJ
IO NF
A. vJ
KM F
G. H
F F
FM.

2. F
F

F A.H.1578-
, 6 CH
. H L CA F
. G H
b P MF.
bM F F
. c
F F P.
HM b FJ
C . FJ
CP O
N A F
K .
HM L
G (Cape horn) P.
56 S FJ F. F
.
H F
CH
A FH .
PM FH Q .

10

H Qb M,
F F K
F
H. CH L
FJ A. A.H.1600-
MJ F
H.
A P O J.
K F A, C
HK F AA
FA PF.
C HK F
K F,
F J I c
FA.
FJ K
M F H.
I .
CM A FJ K
b . AAF b
. C K
?
? A?
IJ .
A.H.1612- , vJ I Jv
v v (Luis Vaez de Torres) bO
11

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

FO .
Qb . F
K M. AAF FJ
K F A b.
G AQ (New Guinea).

H G F
GF (Van Diemens Land) .
v H C I c
H G vQ
(Tasmania) .

v F .
AFJ cF
v F (Torres Strait) . v
FJ FJ K
G M.

v A FO
GF H.
F GC K.

v AAF FJ
c O , I
MK (Merchants) AAF bO
. Q v
K GH HM.
O P F
C GH
.
A.H.1642- AAF FJ
(Anton van Diemen)
F P M
v (Abel Janson Tasman) O
J H .
Fw 10 c ,
K P FO
H M. H
K F J CP
b P.
H C v,
12

I c F H A.H.1644-
, v FJ
K GH H.
GH P L
. GF G
(NEW HOLLAND HUT) .
P M KFM.
H
GF, G A
F
FFJ OM. C A GF
CH
EF.
CH L F
C . H CH
L H J
O K
F.
A.H.1738- H I, H
C (Pierre Bouvet de Lozier) J
13

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

HKM JL A
. ,
FJ K GH
P
. HF C
b b K G
A.

, F v
H P .
A IK b G .
M IK
. vFL .
vFL bQ
. HK K
vFL M K .
F J FJ
. F vFL P F
J FJ .
F J FJ H
IK G .

A.H.1771 H I v
- (Yves Joseph de Kerguelen-Tremarec) K P
. K
GH HM. C
b H. b
.
b
QL M .
FJ GF
HM PF.
L IC I
, A
v e
.

A.H.1772- , F
FH A.
F J FJ
CH L G
H M
. CH
. CH L
FJ vFL M
G IK M
FF.

1768-1771 F
I F CH
.
IP G AQ, G , GC
F .

F FH
CH L F
. A.H.1779- F
bM F.

14

15

Q P .
F P w

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

. 23.5 N L 23.5 S c
A. GH,
FJ M
C O K A
.
23.5 N L 66.5 N
c A. F
L K FJ A
. Q O
G A, 21-
G . 21-
c . H
F F 21-
. F 21-
c .

12 2 pm 4 pm

6 pm

8 pm

10 pm

8 am

10 am 2 pm

GC

A
c, .
M, K
c .
23.5 S L 66.5 S J F

F,
W . K
F A . 21 K
CJ ;
21 Q F WNA .
F
21; F
21. A
21 K c,
16

2 am

4 am

6 am

17

................................................................................................................................................

. 21 Q
, c
.
O
O FA.
F K O,
v ;
F, K ,
v OK .
66.5 N - FJ

J c F F.
FJ, 21 c
Q, K F
E CO.
A K
F Q cF.
OJ, F Q
K A.
21 K, FJ, 24 E
K O. A
P, F , K
F. F F
K F.

................................................................................................................................................

F. A
E, c.
F, K F Q,
F , .
F
EFM.
1773 - K 17
F
. MF
F 2100 Ae .
Q .
G
M. A O
P F Q . Q
P M .
F F
b F
GF M.

A F F F.
F FJ .
FJ, 21 K K
Q cF; 21 Q,
18

19

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

3. M A
F GF

Hvd GF
b . L
P K
. A Hvd
L P A,
A K K A
.

A J, A
FF c FI
I K . c O
J, FIO M
. ,
, C
AH.
ML vI FK
, 1819 K b
H. b
F. PF
A F GF
. I F
A.
A FK
Hvd, P
b GF 64.5 S
. M M
b cK
.
HFJ, 16, 1820
, 21 Q K
, b
GF . c
L H .
20

1964 J M.
G b
A. Hvd
Q P
. F
K.
HK 7, 1821, K c
Mv M A
F . F L F
H 1955 K .
F, FJ J
F w
.
w , H
I FJ 1819 H.

.
C AH H,
Pf
Q . A C bM w
dK .
21

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

bF A bM
K .

1831, HKM
AH I M
F . 1840 v
vFLM AH
F .
F v K M
F J KF F
H. c F H,

.
.


F KM. F
c QF, Q ,
J G
.
Hvd,
L
.
F A M ,
G
C b K.
1823 A P.
v AK
P M 72.25 S
. QJ
M.

Q
. Q C
. MQ,
C M Q
.

F . A J
Ae M .
E FF F
K A.

cF G.
. 76 S
. 1500 Ae
.
22

23

................................................................................................................................................

4. F A
F

M HH
bM. P
F P MH.
K 1841 v... v v,
J AH L
A. v
A.
MK
K HKw C CH.
K M
K.
L FJ P
v, 69 - 90 e Q
G. Q , GF A
O A
G. v Q

................................................................................................................................................

Q Hv
MK.
Q A A v b
. bM K
v, K 27, 1841 . v
K. GJ
v K A A
K.
v Q 720
Ae P . 78.15
A . F MFL 1300 Ae .
F
1800O FJ O. v

.
G N
.
M G . Q
. QJ
E I.
1895 T , AKv
J GF
A.

v
24

Mv M
F A
I F F.
25

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

AKv
F M A
Q .

F O

F v
e 1898
Q N.
H e 1900 F .
QA CP
788S . A
1250 Ae .
H R P.
H, M
,
M F M .
L M
.
F I ,
v A. QH
A
? QA
. ,
K, A
.
.
, M
. F J
.
26

1902 FJ v

82.28S . A
870 Ae .
1909 KJ v N ,
v, e C .
AH .
H
J . 88.38S
. F
180 Ae FH
b M
FH M .
27

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

FH H, FF A.
v e CJ A.
T , Q
CJ . FO
C I.

F v F .
I
FI, , C
640 Ae
. C

Pf . J
M A.
69 H. 55
.

I EO
. I
52 F.
. 1911,
v Q
A. NJ, M
.
ML Q
I.
4, 1911
M. Pf G M
, e 12
FH. i
.

v O

28

v
M . b
GJ , G
.
M F M
, F NJ Fw
QL CA .
c L
LJ.
AJ, M Hv
Q,
FJ v Q
KJ .
H .
F v
GF HK
. GF M
F F.

29

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

F A ,
O .

1934 M FJ
Q N. H 1939
M 350,000 Ae
P.

Q H
O vFL v
J .
1928
M . M
F M .
J Q
O .
K K
J F O
FH. 2500 Ae c
.

1935 vFL MAv


K L, F JL
M N .
3700 Ae c.
F, 1957, MM J
N F JL
.
M M C
. M A .

v b

v b

H
Q

v Q
A
MK

30

31

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

5. M J

M J M
. QJ P .
F, GF, C O
, C, C A.

FJ Q K
Ae . C O 4
Ae M .
M Q, A
Q M
F.
FJ I C QJ
P F FJ
I P . C
C Q COA. J C QJP A.
P Q
MQ KM.
F QJ P
e . FL
250 AeK .
GF JL F
P QJP . C
c . O
cGJ
A. KF
23 .
K . ,
15 e M
.
32

F K M
.
I F
A.
MA
. C CF
MA .
P K eK P
.
M K J
Q FF
J . c FI
F A. IJ I K
M . 30 e c 150
.
e F
F. v c

J
v

33

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

F
. QQ JP
JK .
M JO
L J. e
22 A . O
QJ PO C.
J J .
F M
.
J.
F . P K 11000
.
O JL 80
120 Ae O .
P A
e. F A
F .
F P A.
OF F J
. J
JP J J
F .
F A.

, MM
e A MP
A.

34

35

................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................

J A
OKL A. F
HL F A.

P
A. P,
Q c G
. .
I
F .

M G -60 AK
, J J
G.
F OFJ OK G
J, .
J OF
M. J F
OFJ P P .

***

K J,
FH O A.
A
M . F
25 40 MA A.
K, IH
. I b
FH M. P
P
O O F, .
CJ O ,
.
P,
. K
MAI
.
36

37

Anda mungkin juga menyukai