BUSINESS

GEOGRAPHY
PAPER
Paper is a thin material made of
cellulose pulp (any soft or soggy
mass ) derived mainly from wood,
rags, and certain grasses processed
into flexible sheets and used chiefly
for writing, printing, drawing,
wrapping, and covering items.
Almost all of the paper use today is
made of wood fibers.
In other words, Paper is a
material on where we can write and
also have some more. The Paper is a
major contribution to the
development of human civilization.
Paper is a medium of written

communication and without paper

education is not possible. It is
important for our present routines.

LARGER PRODUCING
COUNTRIES
Serial
no.

Name

Production(met
ric tonnes)

USA

83,611,789

China

37,929,000

Japan

30,457,000

Canada

20,578,000

Germany

20,392,000

There are top five countries that

produce Paper.

EXPORTING COUNTRIES
The export of paper of selected
major countries are here :
Serial
no.

Countries
Name

Export
(metric tones)

Germany

12,979

USA

11,898

Finland

9,179

Sweden

9,712

Canada

8,345

IMPORTING COUNTRIES
The import of paper of selected
major countries are here :
Serial No.

Countries
Name

Import
(metric
Tonnes)

Germany

10,560

USA

9,955

Great
Britain

6,377

France

5,236

Italy

4,791

Paper products
Many types of papers and other
application materials. There are
some products of paper :
Recycled Papers
Coloured Papers
Coated Papers
Carbonless Papers
Perforated Papers
Parchment Papers
Now explain entire topic step by step
:

Recycled papers
Most recycled
papers are made from a combination
of virgin pulp, broke (mill waste from
the papermaking process itself, such
as roll trimmings), and postconsumer waste, which is paper that
has gone to the end user, been used,
and returned for recycling.
In order to be reused, post-consumer
waste is sent to a plant where it is
deinked and washed. The fibers can
then be incorporated in the
papermaking process. It is important
to remember that not all recycled
papers are manufactured under the
same quality requirements and
therefore you can expect different
performance levels.

COLOURED PAPERS
Colored
(tinted) papers are available in a
wide range of shades. They do not
differ from the untinted version of
the same paper from the same mill
in terms of performance in a Xerox
printer.

COATED PAPERS
Coated papers
have a surface layer of mineral
pigment (such as clay or calcium
carbonate) and a binder (or glue)
such as polymeric resin or starch.
Other additives are usually included
as well.

Papers are coated to enhance the

surface for printing and visual
appeal. They are used for value
added applications, such as annual
reports, advertising brochures,
marketing materials, etc. where
visual snap and bold vivid color
sells. Coated papers are available
with coating on both sides of the
sheet, coated two-side (C2S) or with
coating only on one side of the
sheet, coated one-side (C1S). There
are also different gloss levels or
finishes associated with coated
paper. The most common finishes
are gloss, silk, matte, dull, or high
gloss (cast-coated).

CARBONLESS PAPERS
Carbonless papers reproduce an

image when chemical-containing

capsules coated onto one or both
sides of the sheet are broken from
the pressure of a pen, typewriter, or
impact printer. Because of the
chemistry used in most carbonless
papers, as well as the presence of
overly large capsules, carbonless
papers have generally represented a
contamination problem when run in
large quantities on most Xerox
printers, requiring extra service,
parts replacement, and frequent
cleaning of certain printer parts by a
Xerox service representative or a
specially trained on-site operator.

PERFORATED PAPERS
Perforated
papers have been pierced with one
or more rows of holes to permit easy
tearing or separating into sections.

Perforated heavyweight stock may

be used to print sheets of tickets or
employee identification badges, for
example, which could then be easily
detached and distributed. Perforated
forms may contain a detachable
mail-back portion, or a sheet that is
to be part of a bound document may
be perforated along the inside edge
for ease of removal. They can also
be used for forms, coupons, and
statements.

PARCHMENT PAPERS
Parchment
paper has a feel and appearance

similar to genuine parchment (which

was actually an animal skin prepared
for writing or painting during ancient
times). Parchment paper has a
rough, mottled surface, to give the
parchment appearance. Image
mottle is a design feature of
parchment papers. Not all
parchment papers are produced to
the same standard and image mottle
can vary. It is best to use parchment
paper that is designed for digital
printers. Parchment paper can be run
in most Xerox digital printers.

DEMAND OF PAPER

Despite the continued focus on

digitization, Indias demand for
paper is expected to rise 53% in the
next six years, primarily due to a
sustained increase in the number of
school going children in rural areas.
Because of Growing consumerism,
modern retailing, rising literacy
(continued government spending on
education through the Sarva Siksha
Abhiyan) and the increasing use of
documentation will keep demand of
writing and printing paper.

MAJOR PAPER BRANDS

Now-a-days there are various paper

brands in India :
Ballarpur industries limited
ITC Limited PSPD
JK Paper Ltd.
Century Pulp and Paper
Rainbow Papers limited
Trident Limited
Murli Industries Limited
The West Coast Paper Mills
Limited
Tamil Nadu Newsprint & Papers
Limited
NR Agarwal Industries Limited

MAJOR PAPER MARKETS

Paper Market in India is the 15th

largest paper market in the world. It
provides employment to nearly 1.5
million people. Indian paper markets
accounts for about 1.6% of the world
productions of paper. The estimated
turnover of the market is Rs 25000
crore.
Newsprint and
publication paper consumption
account for 2 million tones, of which
1.2 million tonnes of newsprint paper
is manufactured in India and the
remaining 0.8 million tonnes is
imported.

INDIAS POSITION
The paper industry in India is one of
the most thriving industries in the
country. The Indian paper industry
accounts for about 1.6 % of the
worlds production of paper and
paperboard. Indian paper industry is
the 15th largest in the world and
provides employment to 1.3mn
people in country contributing
Rs25bn to the government. Indian
economy has experienced healthy
GDP growth during recent years and
the perspectives are positive for the
future also. The paper industry has a
crucial role to play for economic
growth of the country as paper
consumption is considered as one of
most important indices of

educational and cultural growth of a

nation. The industry growth, pegged
now at 7-8 annually.

SUGGESTIONS
Thus, here by on the basis my
understanding and observation, I
would like to put forward few
suggestion and recommendations to
the company as well as on the entire
topic as well.
The company should sustain
the availability of good quality of
raw materials and bulk import of
waste paper to supplement the
availability of raw material.
The company should make
good profile investment in

advertisements which are directly

linked with customers.
The company should take new
measures for the promotion of the
products. It should make use of
more effective marketing
techniques in order to sustain its
clients.

HISTORY OF PAPER (WORLD

WIDE
Paper has a long history, beginning
with the ancient Egyptian and
continuing to the present day. For
thousand of year, hand-made
methods dominated and then, during
the 19th century, paper production
became industrialized.
Hemp wrapping paper, China, circa
100 BC
3000 BC

Of all the writing and drawing

materials that people have employed
down the ages, paper is the most
widely used around the world. Its
name derived from papyrus the
material used by the ancient
Egyptian, Greeks and Romans.
Papyrus, however, is only one of the
predecessors of paper that together
are known by the generic term tapa
and are mostly made from the inner
bark of paper mulberry, fig and
Daphne. Recent archaeological
excavations in china have revealed
some of the oldest tapa paper ever
found which shows that paper was
being produced in china before
western records began.

ISHAN INSTITUTE
OF
MANAGEMENT &
TECHONOLOGY
GREATER NOIDA

Session 2015-2017

FIRST SEMESTER
BUSINESS GEOGRAPHY OF
PAPER

Submitted to :
Submitted by :
DR. D.K. GARG
RAHUL KUMAR
(CHAIRMAN SIR)
21ST BATCH)

(PGDM

FACTORS OF PRICE
FLUCTUATION FOR PAPER
The paper product industries are
highly cyclical. Historically,
economic and market shifts,
fluctuations in capacity and changes
in foreign currency exchange rates

have created cyclical changes in

prices, sales volume and margins for
the Companys products. The length
and magnitude of industry cycles
have varied over time and by
product, but generally reflect
changes in macroeconomic
conditions and levels of industry
capacity. Most of the Companys
paper products are commodities that
are widely available from other
producers. Even the Companys noncommodity products, such as valueadded papers, are susceptible to
commodity dynamics. Because
commodity products have few
distinguishing qualities from
producer to producer, competition
for these products is based primarily
on price, which is determined by
supply relative to demand.