ANA Cordon and Search TTP Deliverable

ANA CORDON AND SEARCH
PLATOON OPERATIONS
ANA Cordon and Search TTP

PLATOON OPERATIONS
Table of Contents
1.
Introduction
2.
Fundamentals
3.
Task Organization
4.
Outer Cordon Techniques
5.
Inner Cordon Techniques
6.
Search Element Techniques
7.
Clear and Search A Building
Appendix A
Drill, Conduct a Company Cordon and Search
Appendix B
Drill, Conduct a Platoon Cordon and Search

PLATOON OPERATIONS
1. Introduction. Conducting cordon and search operations is a primary

mission. Cordon and search operations require a tightly integrated and
coordinated civil-military operation.
a.
Civil-military operations (CMO) are the activities of a commander
that establish, maintain and influence relations between military forces,
governmental and nongovernmental civilian organizations and authorities, and
the civilian population in an operational area in order to facilitate military
operations. Civil-military operations may include activities and functions by
military forces that are normally the responsibility of the local, regional, or
national government.
b.
Cordon and search operations are normally conducted as a company
level mission; but it can also be conducted as a platoon level operation.
Synchronization, rehearsals, political sensibilities and a tightly integrated civilmilitary effort is crucial to success.
c.
Cordon and search is a tactic, technique and procedure that is used
to compliment offensive, defensive, support and security operations.
d.
There are two scenarios that may require a search and cordon
mission: one is for an area and one for a village or urban area.
Cordon and Search operations:
Enhance the legitimacy of host nation forces
Displays the capability to show and or use force
Supports political considerations
Supports joint multi and interagency cooperation,
Supports civil military operations
Establish protected areas
Sanction exclusion zone enforcement
Denies the enemy movement

d.
Cordon and search operations should be characterized by restraint.
Restraint is an exercise in the prudent application of military capability.
Commanders should highly encourage restraints on weaponry, tactics, and levels
of violence because the potential for unintended consequences.
2. Fundamentals. Cordon and search operations should be coupled with the
Intelligence Officers Priority Information Requirements (PIR) and Essential
Elements of Information (EEI). Cordon and search operations should be
characterized by the five fundamentals of Surprise, Speed, Concentration,
Flexibility and Audacity
a.
Surprise. It is doubtful that you will ever achieve complete
surprise; however the use of timing or method to emplace the outer
cordon/security element, the inner cordon and search element will increase the
likelihood of success. The use of surprise can help reduce the chance of escape

PLATOON OPERATIONS
and help increase the protection of the force. One technique for achieving
surprise is to deploy your units at night and spring the operation before daylight.
b.
Speed. It is important to gage speed. Speed can also be costly in
terms of missing your target. On the other hand to much time in the target area
may increase the probability of taking causalities; Whether or not the search
team precedes the outer and inner cordon teams or if all three teams are
emplaced simultaneously will be determined by the factors of METT-TC.
c.
Concentration. A commander has to think about concentrating his
assets at the right place and time. A thorough analysis of the mission will allow
the commander to assess how to concentrate his snipers, intelligence teams,
civil affairs teams, and other local forces
d.
Flexibility. Plan for a reserve and or Quick Reaction Force that is
mobile and can react quickly in order to support the inner cordon, outer cordon
and search element.
e.
Audacity. This principle relies on the opportunities presented or
created; it is cost versus reward. However, beware that some opportunities
may be traps. Always leave yourself an escape route
3. Task Organization. For the cordon and search operation the company should
be organized into a; security element or outer cordon element, an inner cordon
element, a search element and a reserve element. A platoon cordon and search
must also be configured with a Security Element, Inner Cordon Element, Search
Element and a Reserve. The weapons squad of the platoon may be used in either
the security element or split between the Security Element and the Inner Cordon
Element. The Cordon and Search Commander should use METT-TC to
determine the best use of the Weapons Squad.
a.
Security Element/Outer Cordon. The mission or purpose of the
security element or outer cordon element is to prevent the escape of targeted
personnel and materials. To protect the search element from threat
reinforcement and to participate in the search. Tasks for Outer Cordon/Security
Element are: Interdict, Block, Isolate, Contain, Deny, and Secure. The security
element leader normally provides Command and Control of the security element
and the inner cordon element. The security element may be further task
organized into multiple separate security elements. Each sub-element blocking
position or traffic control point must have a designated leader and a clear task
and purpose. Each sub element will fall under the command and control of the
security element leader.
The security element for a company operation consists of the
Hqs platoon reinforced with the recoilless rifle platoon from the
Kandak ; 82-mm mortar sections acting as infantry; and armored
vehicle or tank support if available. This element establishes the
checkpoints (shown in Figure 1) and conducts security patrols
around the cordon preventing exit and entry. Depending on the
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PLATOON OPERATIONS
enemy situation, hasty defensive positions can be assumed in
buildings. In the Company example shown in Figure 1, the same
security element can be employed to establish the OPs and
roadblock. A platoon operation would employ the same concept
and organization when securing a single building or small
compound.
b.
Inner Cordon. Protects the search element from threat activity.
Typical tasks of the inner cordon team include overwatch, suppress and secure.
The inner cordon is the immediate reserve in case of a civil disturbance. The
inner cordon is under the command and control of the cordon and search
commander. Based on the tasks of the cordon and search team, additional
weapons and teams may be assigned to enhance its support role. Weapons and
special teams to consider include: Snipers, Machine Gun Squad, Interpreters and
Snatch Teams. (Figure 2)
c.
Search Element. Typical task organization for the search element for
both a company operation and a platoon operation consists of a Support Element a
Breech Element and an Assault Element.
The Search Element is one platoon. One squad or Team is
designated as the support element, one squad or team is designated
the breech element and one squad or team is designated an assault
element
The Search Squad/Team should consist of Tunnel Reconnaissance
Teams, Prisoner Handler/Escort Teams and Local Police
Entry Breech Squad/Teams consist of Mine Detection Teams,
Demolition Teams and Local police
The Support Squad/Team should consist of the Command and
Control Element, Support By Fire Team, the FIST, Local Police
and other representatives from other Government Organizations
that may be required.
d.
Reserve Element. The purpose of the reserve element is to reinforce
and or accomplish the task and purpose of the main element. The commander
may specify additional tasks as necessary outlined during the planning,
execution and consolidation/reorganization of the mission.
The Reserve Element. The reserve element for the company is one
platoon. The reserve element of the Platoon is one team. The Reserve
Platoon or Reserve Team is given tasks as required by METT-TC.
The reserve may be located inside the cordon to be prepared to assist
the search element; or it may be located outside the cordon to assist
the security element.

PLATOON OPERATIONS
Figure 1 Urban Outer Cordon

PLATOON OPERATIONS
Figure 2 Company Task Organization
4. Security Element / Outer Cordon Emplacement Methods. The security

element/Outer Cordon can be emplaced sequentially or simultaneously. There
are advantages and disadvantages to both types. Once you have selected the
method to use ensure that your order of march facilitates a smooth execution.
For example, If you are going to execute a sequential occupation then the far
side security element/outer cordon elements should first in the order of march so
they can pass through the objective and set in place at the same time as the near
side elements.
a.
The far side Security Element/Outer Cordon elements should be
followed by the near side outer cordon element, then the inner cordon element
followed by the search element, C2, the Reserve and then any other supporting
assets. See Figure 3

PLATOON OPERATIONS
Figure 3. Example Order of March

PLATOON OPERATIONS
b.
Simultaneous occupation increases the element of surprise and when
done rapidly increases the units ability to ensure that targeted individuals
/materials do not escape. One disadvantage of simultaneous occupation is that it
requires additional routes, planning and control measures. See Figure 4
Figure 4. Example Simultaneous Occupation

PLATOON OPERATIONS
c.
Sequential emplacement of the outer cordon element is the use of
one route and having the outer cordon element pass through the objective. This
method improves command and control and keeps firepower massed. A
disadvantage of this method is if the enemy has an observer the targeted
individual and materials can escape, hide or emplace an IED. See Figure 5
Figure 5. Example Sequential Emplacement
d.
Specialized Equipment and Personnel. Special equipment may be
needed for the Security Element /Outer Cordon mission. This equipment
includes mechanics creepers, bolt cutters, flashlights, cameras and bull horns as
an example.
e.
Security. All outer cordon elements must plan for and maintain 360
degree security. Insure that your plan includes a weapons control status,
engagement criteria, control measures, communications and the use of indirect
fire.
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PLATOON OPERATIONS
f.
Traffic Control Points. Another method for an outer cordon is to
use Traffic Control Points. This method is very deliberate and requires a lot of
engineer / barrier type resources. See Figure 6. Example TCP
Figure 6. Deliberate Traffic Control point.
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PLATOON OPERATIONS
g.
Blocking Positions. The blocking position is another method of
performing the outer cordon mission. The blocking position does not allow the
passage of vehicles or pedestrians. When establishing the blocking position
method you must consider the impact of both traffic and people trying to get to
work. In most cases the area will be to large to be covered entirely by a
blocking position. You should use LPs, OPs, Patrols and Snipers to ensure the
effectiveness of the outer cordon.
1.
If the blocking position is employed, be sure that all personnel
know the routes and positions of these additional elements, that these elements
are protected from friendly fire by the use of graphic control measures that are
plotted on the map. Figure 7 shows an outer cordon element that employs a
combination of blocking positions, LP/OP and a dismounted patrol.
Figure 7. Example Outer Cordon Blocking Position
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5.
Inner Cordon Techniques. The inner cordon element protects the search
element from civil disturbance and direct fire. The inner cordon also acts as the
immediate reserve for the search element. The inner cordon also reports and
observes on all activities within its immediate area of interest.
a. Task Organization. The Inner Cordon element should be organized
according to its mission analysis. Special consideration should also be given to
forming or adding Snatch Teams, Personnel Search Teams, and Tactical Human
Intelligence Teams.
b. If the cordon and search is focused on one building or requires sequential
clearing, in a company operation the entire search element will not be inside a
building and the remaining squads within the search element can perform some
of the functions or supplement the inner cordon element. For instance during an
initial breech of a target building the remaining elements of the search platoon
can provide additional support to the Support By Fire Position or the remaining
elements could assist with civil disturbance.
c. Security Team Method. In an urban setting, one method is to place
OP/LPs at each corner of the building. An advantage of this is that it prevents
anyone from getting in or escaping. One disadvantage of this method is it does
not facilitate a direct fire plan and is a potential friendly fire hazard if the
situation escalates. The Cordon and Search Commander must carefully
determine the battle handover lines between elements. See Figure 8
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Figure 8 Inner Cordon Four Corners Security Teams

d. Support by Fire Position Method. Another method for the inner cordon is
to establish a Support By Fire Position. As an additional duty, the inner cordon
must be prepared to react to civil disturbance. The advantage of this method is
that it supports a direct fire plan and the unit is prepared if the situation
escalates. One disadvantage to this method is the inner cordons ability to react
to a civil disturbance. See Figure 9.
e. Depending on mission analysis a unit may use a combination of both types
of methods. The important thing to remember is that the unit must also be able
to react to its additional duties rapidly and the unit must be situationaly aware at
all times.
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PLATOON OPERATIONS
Figure 9. Inner Cordon Combination SBF and Security Team Methods
6.
Search Element. There are 3 basic search methods in an urban setting; Central
Location, Home Restriction and Control Heads of Households.
a. Central Location. If the people appear hostile, assemble them in a central
location. This method provides the most control. It simplifies the search, denies
the enemy an opportunity to conceal evidence and allows for a detailed
interrogation. One disadvantage is that it can lead to further developing ill will.
When using t his technique the Cordon and Search Commander must insure that
adequate force protection is in place to prevent looting.
b. Home Restriction. This technique restricts the people to remain in their
homes and prohibits any movement of civilians. This technique is useful for
very small villages and camps. One disadvantage of t his technique is that
control and interrogation is difficult and may allow the enemy time to conceal
evidence in there home.
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PLATOON OPERATIONS
c. Control Heads of Households. In this technique, the head of household is
directed to remain in front of the house while everyone else is brought to a
central location. During the search the head of household can see the activities
of the search team. The head of household can assist in the search by opening
doors and containers.
d. Task Organization. The task organization for the search element includes
identifying a Support Squad, an Assault and Breech Squad and a Reserve
Squad. Other special teams can be identified and formed include a Demolition
Team, A Mine Detection Team, Tunnel Reconnaissance Team, Prisoner Escort
Team, Documentation Team and Local Police.
e. Entry Methods. There are two types of entry methods: The Knock
Approach and the Knock Down Approach. The type of entry method selected is
based on intelligence and a mission analysis of the situation.
1.
Knock Approach. When using this approach the entry team squad
stacks on the house and is prepared to enter the first room. Designated leader
knocks on the door and asks to speak with the head of household. The
designated leader negotiates the search and gives the head of household clear
instructions for actions to be taken by others in the house. The entry team
quickly enters the room quickly moving through t he fatal funnel and occupies
all four corners of the room. The clearing team must always remain alert for
potential danger.
2.
Knock Down Approach. If the situation requires a knock down the
platoon must use battle drill number 6 in ANA 7-8 Drills.
7. Clear and Search a Building. The search element determines the method of
clearing the building and its based on METT-TC. Prior to executing a building
search, the building must be cleared. The search element should use ANA 7-8 Battle
Drill 6.
a.
Units should use systemic procedures to be sure that no room is
overlooked or that nothing within a room search is overlooked. Room searches should
be viewed with a multi-dimensional focus and not just at the doors and room
furniture. You must consider trap doors and ceilings as well
b.
Platoons should use there established SOPs for marking each room as it is
cleared. Leaders should also train their soldiers in tactical questioning techniques
because this is a source of actionable intelligence. Once the search is complete be
sure to put everything back in its original position.
c.
Precision clearing techniques do not replace the clearing techniques in
ANA FM 7-8 Drill. Tthey do not replace the clearing technique in which a
fragmentation or concussion grenade is thrown into a room before your forces enter.
Precision room clearing techniques are used when the tactical situation calls for room16

PLATOON OPERATIONS
by-room clearing of a relatively intact building in which the enemy and
noncombatants may be intermixed. This technique involves the increased risk of
clearing a building methodically. This method emphasized restraint in the use of fire
power rather to eliminate or neutralize the enemy.
d.
Movement to the objective. The movement technique used for
approaching a target building is dictated by several factors. Among these are the
mission, cover and concealment, lighting conditions, type of breach to be used, and
terrain.
1.
Move close to but do not touch the building exterior Staying close
to the building makes Soldiers harder to see from inside the building.
Conversely, the Soldiers should avoid contact with the building, especially
banging against the walls with a weapon or other piece of equipment.
2.
Do not flag teammates Train Soldiers to maintain muzzle awareness
at all times. A Soldier should never stack with his weapons muzzle
pointing at another Soldier. This is why weapons must be carried at a low
or high carry.
Use the path of least resistance. The assault team should, whenever
possible, line up on the side of the door that provides the path of least
resistance upon entering. The swinging door is an obstacle that can best
be avoided by lining up on the correct side. If the door opens inward, the
team should line up on the hinge side. If the door opens outward, the
team should line up on the doorknob side. Lining up on the correct side
will result in the fastest and smoothest entry possible. See Figure 10.
3.
4.
Signals. There are many different ways to pass the signal that
everyone is ready. If a stealthy approach to the objective
building is possible, the Thumbs back / Squeeze up technique
works well. The #1 man assumes his position on the breach point first.
His eyes and weapon are oriented on the breach point. When he feels
comfortable with his position, he will signal the #2 man by
nodding his head. The #2 man will acknowledge receipt by squeezing the
#1 mans shoulder. After he has received and acknowledged the nod of the
#1 man, the #2 man will pass the thumbs up signal back to the #3 man.
The #3 man will acknowledge by squeezing the #2 mans thumb, and will
then pass a thumbs up back to the man behind him. This will continue
until the thumbs up signal has been passed back to the last man on the
initial entry team. The last man will then squeeze forward, and each
subsequent man will send the signal forward so that all in the team are
aware that all others are prepared to enter.
If a stealthy approach is impossible, the team modifies the thumb

back/squeeze up technique to increase speed of entry by reducing time at
the entry point. After movement to the objective/building, the #2 man
maintains control of the #1 man just long enough to make sure the initial
5.
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entry team is ready to enter and clear the first room. This action must be
rapid but remain controlled or the resulting confusion can be fatal.
Figure 10 Entry/Breech Technique
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e.
Clear the Point of Entry or Breach Point. The first action to be taken by
the Soldier upon entry into a room is to clear the fatal funnel. This is the area
which surrounds the door threshold. This is the focal point of attention for
anyone in the room. By moving quickly, the assault team members reduce the
risk of being hit by hostile fire directed at the doorway.
1.
The next step is to engage any immediate threat encountered. The
following criteria define an immediate threat:
Any threat that blocks the movement of the Soldier to

his point of domination.
Any hostile target that is too close to be ignored is an

immediate threat. (Although this factor is vague, the
decision of what is too close is, in the final analysis, the
decision of the individual Soldier. A general guideline of
what is too close is whatever is within arms reach.)
2.
A Soldier must never turn completely around to engage a target.
Once he has passed a target, he must move on and not change his mind.
The engagement of a perceived immediate threat cannot slow down the
Soldiers movement. Identify the threat by looking at the hands or for
threatening actions. If the Soldier has to slow down to aim, the target is
NOT an immediate threat. Slowing down would also endanger the team as
a whole by blocking them in the doorway and violating the principle of
speed and the fundamental to dominate the room.
f.
Move to Point of Domination. Corners are the points of domination in
any room. The next action the assault team takes is to clear those corners and
occupy them as points of domination. The #1 man and the number #2 man are
initially responsible for the corners. If the #1 man and the #2 man are unable to
clear the corners, the #3 man and the #4 man must assume this critical
responsibility. Each Soldier has a primary and secondary sector of fire (see
Figures 11 -15 for Center Door Technique and Figures 16-20 for Corner
Door technique).
Note: If one of the Soldiers has a weapon malfunction, that Soldier should
sound off with weapon down, take a knee and work through his malfunction.
The other Soldiers will scan his sector of fire. This works because all sectors of
fire are interlocking therefore providing redundant firepower. To avoid fratricide
the Soldier should not stand up until one of his fellow Soldiers moves to him
and taps him on the shoulder.
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g.
Clear Sector of Fire. Every man has a primary and secondary sector of
fire en route to his point of domination. Upon reaching the point of domination,
each Soldier scans his sectors of fire from the point of domination. Each Soldier
will have a primary and secondary sector.
h
Collapse Sectors of Fire. Once each man on the team has reached their
points of domination they ensure they have interlocking sectors of fire.
Figure 11. Man Number 1
Figure 12. Number 2 man
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Figure 13. Number 3 Man
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Figure 16 Corner Door Technique Man 1
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Figure 17. Corner Door Technique Man 2
Figure 18. Corner Door Technique Man 3
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Figure 19. Corner Door Technique Number 4 Man
Figure 20. Corner Door technique Number 5 Man.
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i.
Reasons and methods for modifying the entry technique.

1.
If the rooms are consistently small, clear with a 2 or 3 man team
2.
If you are short of personnel, clear with a 2 or 3 man team
3.
If the enemy does not pose an immediate threat, clear with a 2 or 3
man team
When full five-man teams are not available for room clearing three- and
two-man teams can be used. The points of domination and sectors of fire for a
three-man clearing team or for a two-man team are still the same. Teams should
still insure that there are overlapping fields of fire. Leaders should still use the
entry technique outlined here when modifying their techniques.
j.
Control the Situation. The actions of the assault team control the
situation. By dominating the room and eliminating any threat, the assault team
seizes control of the room and the initiative from the enemy. No action or slow
action gives the initiative back to any enemy in the room. Friendly personnel not
engaged must also be controlled. The control measures used can be both verbal
and physical.
The team leader or a designated team member must immediately begin speaking
to any people in the room in a loud, commanding voice. He must take charge.
Verbal control may be difficult because of the loss of hearing resulting from
explosives and firearms use. Your commands should be short and to the point,
and it should be loud enough to be heard by those whose hearing may have been
damaged by the sound of gunfire and explosives.
Physical control must be firm, but not harsh. Needlessly inflicting pain on
friendly personnel may cause them to react in an unexpected manner, such as
fighting back. This means possibly losing control rather than gaining it.
Searching. Searching the dead has only one function: to ensure they no
longer pose a threat. With security, move all weapons away from the dead and
conduct an eye thump on each body to ensure they are truly dead. Insure that
you also search the living and the room. If you move something, put it back
where it belongs.
k.
l.
Reports. Once the room is secured and cleared and the search is complete,
check your personnel for ammunition ad injuries. Submit ammunition and
casualty reports through your chain of command.
m. Evacuation. Once your mission is complete, evacuate the room on
command. The cordon and search commander will decide when its time to
evacuate. Priorities for evacuation are set in t he operations order and or the
immediate situation
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APPENDIX A
Conduct a Company Cordon and Search
TASK STANDARDS: The company conducts the cordon and search in accordance
with tactical standing operating procedures, the order, and/or higher commanders
guidance. The company establishes a cordon of the designated area without being
detected by the insurgents or sympathizers. The company conducts the search and
captures all insurgents and enemy material within the cordon. The company complies
with the ROE and or ROI. The company sustains minimal casualties. The company
causes minimal collateral damage and civilian casualties.
1. Company leaders gain and/or maintain situational understanding using
information that is gathered from the headquarters communications, maps,
intelligence summaries, situation reports (SITREPs), and other available
information sources.
2. Platoon leader receives an OPORD or FRAGO and issues warning order
(WARNO) to the company.
3. Platoon leader plans using troop-leading procedures.
a.
Conducts analysis based on factors of mission, enemy, terrain
and weather, troops and support available, time available, and
civil considerations (METT-TC) and includes the following
information in his analysis:
b.
Demographics of the area and how different groups will respond
to operations based on their responsiveness to coalition
presence, religious practices, and routine civilian practices.
c.
Key facilities such as religious sanctuaries, police stations, or
hospitals.
4. Considers insurgent and/or sympathizer capabilities, likely courses of action
(COAs), and specific weapons capabilities. Considers recent activities in the
area of operation such as:
a.
Contacts. Based on recent activity, commander may request
heavy vehicle support, i.e., rocket propelled grenades (RPGs)
or mortar fire
b.
Civil disturbances
c.
Improvised explosive devices (IEDs)
5. Conducts a digital and/or conventional map reconnaissance. Company
commander considers how physical reconnaissance will influence the
mission based on the target, the area, and the threat. If physical
reconnaissance impacts the mission negatively, he avoids a physical
reconnaissance of the area just before the search and uses intelligence such
as aerial photographs, if available.
a.
Identifies search location(s)
b.
Identifies tentative security positions
c.
Identifies inner and outer-cordon boundaries and other control
measures
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d.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
Identifies routes to and from the search area

e.
Marks tentative dismount points on digital and conventional
maps as appropriate.
Identifies C2 locations to include redundant locations.
f.
Plans security positions to ensure the protection of the force conducting
the operation.
Designs the cordon to prevent the escape of individuals to be searched.
Divides the cordoned area into zones and assigns a search team.
Coordinates and synchronizes activities within each battlefield operating
system (BOS), as required.
Develops plan to handle captured and apprehended personnel.
Addresses actions on contact with belligerents
Organizes the company as necessary to accomplish the mission and/or
compensate for combat losses (security element, search element, and
reserve element. Based on sensitivity of the target, mission can be a
combined effort through multiple agencies and or units. Commander
must understand all units involved in his specific tasks. Coordination and
rehearsal with these elements should be considered.
a. Organizes the search element into special teams
1.
Search team(s)
2.
Prisoner(s) handlers (coordinate for counterintelligence (CI)
3.
Interrogation team(s)
4.
Documentation team(s)
5.
Demolition team(s)
6.
Psychological operation (PSYOP) and/or civil affairs (CA)
team(s)
7.
Mine detection team(s)
8.
Fire support team(s)
9.
Tunnel reconnaissance team(s).
Platoon leader disseminates reports (if applicable), overlays, and other
information to each element to keep them keep abreast of the situation.
Platoon leader issues orders and instructions to include ROE and/or ROI
to all organic and non-organic elements task organized for the mission.
a. Issues clear and concise tasks and purposes to platoons and/or
elements and/or cordon and search elements.
b. Issues list of targeted locations and individuals such as insurgents,
sympathizers, criminals, or other suspects to be searched and/or captured
and includes photographs if available.
c. Issues detailed list of contraband, evidence, intelligence materials,
supplies, or other items to be seized and includes list of items prohibited
for search and/or seizure.
d. Issues instructions to platoons and/or elements that specify how they
are to handle suspects and controlled items.
e. Issues planning priorities and commitment criteria to the reserve
element.
Company may conduct or gain information from higher headquarters
from prior coordination with local civil police and nongovernmental
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16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
organizations (NGOs) based on the sensitivity of the mission and/or

commander's assessment of the effect of early warning, higher orders,
and ROE.
Platoon leader conducts thorough risk management and implements
controls, including appropriate force protection measures such as body
armor, vehicle protection, and convoy security.
Company conducts pre-combat checks (PCCs) and pre-combat
inspections (PCIs) of personnel, vehicles, special equipment, and
mission knowledge, including ROE/ROI, IO themes, special instructions,
etc.
Company conducts a rehearsal including all elements task organized for
the mission,
Platoon leader issues a FRAGO, as necessary, to address changes to the
plan identified during the rehearsal.
Platoon leader coordinates/synchronizes actions of the cordon and search
elements.
Platoon leader uses FRAGOs as necessary to redirect actions of
subordinate elements.
Company elements move to the area to be searched.
Cordon element establishes cordon.
a. Rapidly moves into the positions
b. Surrounds the area simultaneously to prevent escape of insurgents
and to block any reinforcements (conducted during hours of limited
visibility, if possible).
c. Positions elements in overwatch or blocking positions to support the
cordon and isolate the search area from reinforcements.
d. Establishes checkpoints and roadblocks
Search element conducts the search.
a. Conducts the search of suspected insurgents and/or sympathizers,
supplies, and equipment with the least inconvenience to the populace
using one of three methods.
1.
Assembles inhabitants in a central location if they appear to be
hostile. (This method provides the most control and simplifies the
search and interrogation; however, taking inhabitants away
from their dwellings may encourage looting and ill feelings.)
2.
Restricts inhabitants to their homes. (This prohibits civilian
movement and discourages looting, but makes control and
interrogation more difficult.
3.
Controls the heads of households. (Reduces looting and
ensures the search teams do not steal anything. This is the best
method of searching since it is less disruptive to the inhabitants.)
b. Searches all underground and underwater areas.
c. Uses observed fire to cover any gaps in the cordon
d. Inspects any freshly excavated ground. (It could be a hiding place.)
e. Uses mine detectors to locate metal objects underground and
underwater
28

PLATOON OPERATIONS
25.
26.
27.
28.
29.
30.
31.
f. Search team uses female searchers if available. If not available, male

Soldiers searching females must take all possible measures to prevent
inference of sexual molestation or assault, such as use of metal detector
wands, mirror technique, etc. (Can we suggest the use of a Male Family
member to conduct or assist with the search?)
Platoon leader controls the company's rate of search and directs
reorganization as needed. The company maintains a tempo slow enough
to conduct effective searches, but rapid enough to prevent the threat from
reacting to the search.
a. Employs the reserve to assist the cordon and search elements as the
situation requires
b. Reports the progress of the company to the higher headquarters
commander.
c. Enforces the ROE and/or ROI
Company uses minimum essential force to eliminate any active
resistance encountered.
Company consolidates and reorganizes as necessary.
Company secures captured insurgents as required.
a. Uses the least force to detain the insurgents.
b. Turns the insurgents over to the local police as soon as the situation
allows.
Company treats and evacuates casualties.
Company processes captured documents and/or equipment as required.
a. Company records the seizure of all contraband, evidence,
intelligence material, supplies, or other items IAW ROE, ROI, and
instructions.
Company continues operations as directed. Continued operations may
include follow-on actions in the search area including patrols (within
objective area or contact with facilities like police stations or hospitals
that may now have insurgent or insurgent casualties under their care),
checkpoints, information operations, and gathering further intelligence
APPENDIX B
29

PLATOON OPERATIONS
Conduct a Platoon Cordon and Search
TASK STANDARDS: The Platoon conducts the cordon and search in accordance
with tactical standing operating procedures, the order, and/or the Platoon leaders
guidance. The Platoon establishes a cordon of the designated area without being
detected by the insurgents or sympathizers. The Platoon conducts the search and
captures all insurgents and enemy material within the cordon. The Platoon complies
with the ROE and or ROI. The Platoon sustains minimal casualties. The Platoon
causes minimal collateral damage and civilian casualties.
1. Platoon leaders gain and/or maintain situational understanding using
information that is gathered from the headquarters communications, maps,
intelligence summaries, situation reports (SITREPs), and other available
information sources.
2. Platoon leader receives an OPORD or FRAGO and issues warning order
(WARNO) to the company.
3. Platoon leader plans using troop-leading procedures.
a. Conducts analysis based on factors of mission, enemy, terrain and
weather, troops and support available, time available, and civil
considerations (METT-TC) and includes the following information
in his analysis:
b. Demographics of the area and how different groups will respond to
operations based on their responsiveness to coalition presence,
religious practices, and routine civilian practices.
c. Key facilities such as religious sanctuaries, police stations, or
hospitals.
4. Considers insurgent and/or sympathizer capabilities, likely courses of action
(COAs), and specific weapons capabilities. Considers recent activities in the
area of operation such as:
a. Contacts. Based on recent activity, commander may request
heavy vehicle support, i.e., rocket propelled grenades (RPGs)
or mortar fire
b. Civil disturbances
c. Improvised explosive devices (IEDs)
5. Conducts a digital and/or conventional map reconnaissance. Platoon Leader
considers how physical reconnaissance will influence the mission based on
the target, the area, and the threat. If physical reconnaissance impacts the
mission negatively, he avoids a physical reconnaissance of the area just
before the search and uses intelligence such as aerial photographs, if
available.
a. Identifies search location(s)
b. Identifies tentative security positions
c. Identifies inner and outer-cordon boundaries and other control
measures
d. Identifies routes to and from the search area
e. Marks tentative dismount points on digital and conventional
maps as appropriate.
30

PLATOON OPERATIONS
Identifies C2 locations to include redundant locations.
6. Plans security positions to ensure the protection of the force conducting the
operation.
7. Designs the cordon to prevent the escape of individuals to be searched.
8. Divides the cordoned area into zones and assigns a search team.
9. Coordinates and synchronizes activities within each battlefield operating
system (BOS), as required.
10. Develops plan to handle captured and apprehended personnel.
11. Addresses actions on contact with belligerents
12. Organizes the Platoon as necessary to accomplish the mission and/or
compensate for combat losses (security element, search element, and reserve
element. Based on sensitivity of the target, mission can be a combined effort
through multiple agencies and or units. Commander must understand all
units involved in his specific tasks. Coordination and rehearsal with these
elements should be considered.
a. Organizes the search element into special teams
1.
Search team(s)
2.
Prisoner(s) handlers (coordinate for counterintelligence (CI)
3.
Interrogation team(s)
4.
Documentation team(s)
5.
Demolition team(s)
6.
Psychological operation (PSYOP) and/or civil affairs (CA)
team(s)
7.
Mine detection team(s)
8.
Fire support team(s)
9.
Tunnel reconnaissance team(s).
13. Platoon leader disseminates reports (if applicable), overlays, and other
information to each element to keep them keep abreast of the situation.
14. Platoon leader issues orders and instructions to include ROE and/or ROI to
all organic and non-organic elements task organized for the mission.
a. Issues clear and concise tasks and purposes to platoons and/or elements
and/or cordon and search elements.
b. Issues list of targeted locations and individuals such as insurgents,
sympathizers, criminals, or other suspects to be searched and/or
captured and includes photographs if available.
c. Issues detailed list of contraband, evidence, intelligence materials,
supplies, or other items to be seized and includes list of items
prohibited for search and/or seizure.
d. Issues instructions to platoons and/or elements that specify how they
are to handle suspects and controlled items.
e. Issues planning priorities and commitment criteria to the reserve
element.
15. Platoon may conduct or gain information from higher headquarters from
prior coordination with local civil police and nongovernmental organizations
(NGOs) based on the sensitivity of the mission and/or commander's
assessment of the effect of early warning, higher orders, and ROE.
f.
31

PLATOON OPERATIONS
16. Platoon leader conducts thorough risk management and implements controls,
including appropriate force protection measures such as body armor, vehicle
protection, and convoy security.
17. Platoon conducts pre-combat checks (PCCs) and pre-combat inspections
(PCIs) of personnel, vehicles, special equipment, and mission knowledge,
including ROE/ROI, IO themes, special instructions, etc.
18. Platoon conducts a rehearsal including all elements task organized for the
mission,
19. Platoon leader issues a FRAGO, as necessary, to address changes to the plan
identified during the rehearsal.
20. Platoon leader coordinates/synchronizes actions of the cordon and search
elements.
21. Platoon leader uses FRAGOs as necessary to redirect actions of subordinate
elements.
22. Platoon elements move to the area to be searched.
23. Cordon element establishes cordon.
a. Rapidly moves into the positions
b. Surrounds the area simultaneously to prevent escape of insurgents and
to block any reinforcements (conducted during hours of limited
visibility, if possible).
c. Positions elements in overwatch or blocking positions to support the
cordon and isolate the search area from reinforcements.
d. Establishes checkpoints and roadblocks
24. Search element conducts the search.
a. Conducts the search of suspected insurgents and/or sympathizers,
supplies, and equipment with the least inconvenience to the populace
using one of three methods.
1. Assembles inhabitants in a central location if they appear to be
hostile. (This method provides the most control and simplifies the
search and interrogation; however, taking inhabitants away from
their dwellings may encourage looting and ill feelings.)
2. Restricts inhabitants to their homes. (This prohibits civilian
movement and discourages looting, but makes control and
interrogation more difficult.
3. Controls the heads of households. (Reduces looting and ensures the
search teams do not steal anything. This is the best method of
searching since it is less disruptive to the inhabitants.)
b. Searches all underground and underwater areas.
c. Uses observed fire to cover any gaps in the cordon
d. Inspects any freshly excavated ground. (It could be a hiding place.)
e. Uses mine detectors to locate metal objects underground and
underwater
f. Search team uses female searchers if available. If not available, male
Soldiers searching females must take all possible measures to prevent
inference of sexual molestation or assault, such as use of metal detector
wands, mirror technique, etc. (Can we suggest the use of a Male
Family member to conduct or assist with the search?)
32

PLATOON OPERATIONS
25. Platoon leader controls the Platoons rate of search and directs
reorganization as needed. The Platoon maintains a tempo slow enough to
conduct effective searches, but rapid enough to prevent the threat from
reacting to the search.
a. Employs the reserve to assist the cordon and search elements as the
situation requires
b. Reports the progress of the Platoon to the Company
Commander.
c. Enforces the ROE and/or ROI
26. Platoon uses minimum essential force to eliminate any active resistance
encountered.
27. Platoon consolidates and reorganizes as necessary.
28. Platoon secures captured insurgents as required.
a. Uses the least force to detain the insurgents.
b. Turns the insurgents over to the local police as soon as the situation
allows.
29. Platoon treats and evacuates casualties.
30. Platoon processes captured documents and/or equipment as required.
a. Platoon records the seizure of all contraband, evidence, intelligence
material, supplies, or other items IAW ROE, ROI, and instructions.
31. Platoon continues operations as directed. Continued operations may
include follow-on actions in the search area including patrols (within
objective area or contact with facilities like police stations or hospitals that
may now have insurgent or insurgent casualties under their care),
checkpoints, information operations, and gathering further intelligence
33

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