PHOENIX GEOPHYSICS

MG-40A Motor
Generator
User Guide
Version 1 September 2005

PHOENIX GEOPHYSICS

MG-40A Motor
Generator
User Guide
Version 1 September 2005

Printed in Canada on water resistant Xerox Laser Never-Tear

paper.
This User Guide was created in Adobe FrameMaker 7.0.
Writing and Production: Stuart Rogers.

Copyright 2005 Phoenix Geophysics Limited.

All rights reserved. No part of this Guide may be reproduced or
transmitted in any form or by any means electronic or mechanical,
including photocopying, recording, or information storage and
retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher.
Address requests for permission to:
Phoenix Geophysics Limited, 3781 Victoria Park Avenue, Unit 3,
Toronto, ON Canada M1W 3K5, or mail@phoenix-geophysics.com.
Information in this document is subject to change without notice.
MG-40A, T-30 and the Phoenix logo are trademarks of Phoenix
Geophysics Limited.

Contents
Chapter 1: Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
About this guide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Intended audience . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
About the MG-40A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
How to get further information and
support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Important safety information . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Major Safety Concerns . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

High Power Output . . . . . . . . . . . .

Fuel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Batteries with Corrosive Electrolytes
Carbon Monoxide Poisoning . . . . . .
Hot Surfaces and Exhaust . . . . . . .
Debris in Housing . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Chemicals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
High Sound Pressure Levels . . . . . .
Wet Weather . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Shipping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Maintenance Procedures . . . . . . . .

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4
4
4
4
4
4
5
5
5
5
5

Chapter 2: Preparing the MG-40A for field use . . . . . . . . 7

Positioning the MG-40A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

Adding engine oil . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

Setting up the exhaust pipe. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

Engine oil grades . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10

Adding coolant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

Installing the battery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11

ii

ii

Fuelling the MG-40A. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

Connecting the transmitter . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Working in cold weather. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

Using the choke. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15

Preparing fuel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15

Working in hot weather . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15

Maintaining operating temperature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15

Chapter 3: Operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Preparing to start the engine . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Performing a safety check .
Verifying the setup . . . . . .
Preparing the transmitter .
Priming the fuel system . .

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18
18
18
19

Starting the engine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19

Transmitting with the T-30 . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20
Responding to warning lamps . . . . . . . . . . .21
Shutting down the MG-40A . . . . . . . . . . . . . .22

Chapter 4: Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Periodic maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
Daily maintenance . . . . . .
Every 100 operating hours
Every 200 operating hours
Every 400 operating hours
Every two years . . . . . . . .

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24
25
25
25
26

Replacing the coolant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .26

Replacing fuses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .26
Storing the MG-40A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27
Maintenance Log . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29

Appendix A: Ignition wiring diagram and circuit schematic . . . . . . . . 35

Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37

iii

iii

iv

iv

Chapter
This chapter provides an introduction to the MG-40A
and tells you about:

this guide and its intended audience.

the MG-40A in general.
how to get further information and support.
important safety information.

Introduction
1

Chapter 1

Chapter 1

About this guide

About this guide

About the MG-40A

Welcome to the Phoenix MG-40A Motor Generator

User Guide.

The MG-40A is a 40kVA, 208V, 3-phase motor

generator consisting of a rotary automotive engine
powering a modified aircraft alternator. It is intended to
be used with the Phoenix T-30 Geophysical Current
Source (transmitter), which includes circuitry for
controlling the output of the MG-40A.

This document is a guide to the MG-40A, and provides

setup and operation instructions, safety precautions,
and maintenance procedures. Users should read the
entire document before operating the MG-40A to
ensure that the equipment is used correctly and safely.
Note Throughout this guide, front refers to the end of the
MG-40A containing the control panel. The left and
right sides are defined from a point of view facing
the control panel.

Intended audience
This Guide is intended for use by geophysicists and
technicians familiar with electromagnetic techniques,
and by automotive technicians who may be required to
perform maintenance operations.

The MG-40A operates in two modes. In START mode,

the motor can be started or idled (1000 to 1200 rpm),
but the alternator does not output power. In RUN mode,
the alternator output is controlled by the transmitter,
and the motor runs at 4800 to 5000 rpm.
The transmitter control circuits regulate the power
demand on the alternator by varying the alternator
field current. As the load changes, a feedback circuit on
the motor adjusts the throttle in order to maintain a
constant alternator speed.
The motor is protected from overheating and loss of oil
pressure. If the motor overheats, the MG-40A
automatically switches to START mode, removing the

load from the alternator. This condition is indicated by a

HOT WATER lamp on the front panel. The motor idles in
START mode until it cools to a safe operating
temperature, then automatically returns to RUN mode.
If the engine oil pressure falls too low, the MG-40A will
shut down completely, and indicate the condition by a
LOW OIL lamp on the front panel.
Both protection features on the MG-40A turn off the
high voltage output. If the controlling transmitter is
transmitting at the time, the lack of high voltage input
will trigger a transmitter fault indication (EM1-2).

How to get further

information and support
Contact us at:
Phoenix Geophysics Limited
3781 Victoria Park Avenue, Unit 3
Toronto, ON
Canada
M1W 3K5
Telephone: +1 (416) 491-7340
Fax:
+1 (416) 491-7378
e-mail: mail@phoenix-geophysics.com
www.phoenix-geophysics.com

The MG-40A is normally shipped dry with no fuel,

coolant, lubricant, or battery installed. Chapter 2
explains how to prepare the motor generator for first
use.

Chapter 1

How to get further information and support

Chapter 1

Important safety information

Important safety information

that no one in the area is smoking and that the engine

is turned off. Clean up all fuel spills immediately.

Warning The MG-40A is a high-power motor

generator, and can generate up to 30kVA.
This level of electrical power can cause
serious injury or death if mishandled. Please
read and follow all the safety instructions
provided by this documentation. Doing so will
help insure the safety and well being of the
equipment and personnel.

Batteries with Corrosive Electrolytes. Batteries contain

an extremely corrosive electrolyte that can cause
severe burns.

Major Safety Concerns

The major safety concerns specific to the operation of
the MG-40A are:
High Power Output. At maximum power, the MG-40A
output is 30kVA. This amount of electrical power can
cause serious injury or death. Take appropriate safety
precautions for personnel and spectators.
Fuel. There is a danger of fire and explosion when
handling fuel and making fuel line connections. Ensure

Carbon Monoxide Poisoning. Exhaust from the MG-40A

must be properly vented. Do not run the MG-40A
indoors unless an exterior exhaust system is added.
Hot Surfaces and Exhaust. Many components of the
MG-40A can become very hot during use, including the
engine, cooling systems, the metal housing and the
exhaust system. Hot air that has passed through the
alternator housing and an exhaust pipe shroud is
vented from an opening below the right access panel.
Stay clear of all hot surfaces and vents.
Debris in Housing. Tools or other objects may cause
damage to the MG-40A or create a risk of fire,
explosion or a short-circuit. Ensure before operating
the MG-40A that there are no foreign objects inside the
housing. Also ensure that the alternator air vent and
radiator exhaust are not covered or blocked.

Chemicals. Coolant and lubricating oil are toxic and

may also be very hot during and after use. Avoid
contact with these chemicals. Clean up spills
immediately, and wash your hands afterward.
High Sound Pressure Levels. Prolonged exposure to
high sound pressure levels can result in permanent
hearing loss. Personnel should wear hearing protection
when working close to the MG-40A.
Wet Weather. Moisture in the vicinity of a generator and
transmitter can present an electrical hazard to
personnel. Excessive moisture may damage the
equipment. Take reasonable measures to minimize
exposure of the MG-40A to rain and snow. Personnel
should use extreme caution when operating electrical
equipment in wet weather.

Chapter 1

Shipping. The MG-40A is heavy and bulky and contains

dangerous components including fuel, oil, and batteries
that may have to be removed before shipping by
commercial carriers. Proper arrangements must be
made to ship the MG-40A without damage or danger.
Maintenance Procedures. Except where noted
otherwise, never attempt to perform maintenance
procedures while the MG-40A is running or is still hot.
Always allow the system to cool to ambient
temperatures before servicing any component.
On some modesl, the end plate of the alternator air
filter is held in place by a set of threaded rods and
nuts, and is located close beside the battery. To avoid
accidental short circuits through metal tools, always
disconnect the battery cables before servicing the air
filter.

Important safety information

Chapter 1

Important safety information

Chapter
This chapter describes how to set up the MG-40A for
use in geophysical data acquisition. Instructions are
provided for:

Positioning the MG-40A.

Adding coolant and lubricant.
Installing the battery.
Fuelling the MG-40A.
Connecting to the transmitter.
Adapting for extreme temperatures.

Preparing the MG-40A for field use

7

Chapter 2

Chapter 2

Positioning the MG-40A

Positioning the MG-40A

Place the MG-40A on a firm, level surface. If the unit is
to be operated on a truck, be sure there is adequate
clearance for the access panels to open fully, and for
the radiator and alternator exhausts to operate
unimpeded.
The access panels and the top of the MG-40A are
equipped with brackets for the attachment of bungee
cords. When working with the side panels open, always
use a pair of bungee cords to hold the panels safely
(see Figure 2-1).

Fig. 2-1: Use bungee cords to hold side panel open safely.

To install the exhaust pipe:

Setting up the exhaust pipe

1. Loosen the bolts on the clamp holding the last

elbow section of the exhaust pipe.

For convenience in shipping, the exhaust pipe is

rotated to a horizontal position. It must be set up
vertically before running the engine.

3. Tighten the clamp bolts securely. Do not

overtighten.

2. Rotate the elbow section to the vertical position.

The completed exhaust system is illustrated on the inside cover

of this manual.

Adding coolant
The MG-40A must be protected from overheating and
from freezing by using a 50-50 mixture of good quality
ethylene glycol antifreeze and water.
Warning Never use plain water as the coolant, no matter
what the operating or storage temperature. The
!
MG-40A requires the anti-corrosion, lubricating,
and other properties of antifreeze for protection
and proper operation.

To add coolant:
1. Mix 10L of good quality antifreeze with 10L of
distilled water.
2. Open the small access door located at the right rear
of the top of the MG-40A and remove the radiator
cap.
3. Slowly pour the antifreeze-water mixture into the
radiator, until the liquid reaches the bottom of the
overflow tube.

5. Open the left side access panel and add the

antifreeze-water mixture to the overflow bottle on
the side of the radiator until the liquid reaches the
LOW mark.
6. Close the left side access panel.

Adding engine oil

You must add engine lubricating oil to the MG-40A
before starting it for the first time. You must also add
oil periodically during use, since rotary engines
consume oil during normal operation.
To fill the MG-40A requires 5L of good quality synthetic
or petroleum-based oil. Amsoil or Mobil 1 synthetic oils
are recommended because they provide superior
lubrication, lower operating temperatures, and twice
the operating time between oil changes.
Choose the correct grade of oil using the table below.

4. Replace the radiator cap and close the access door.

Chapter 2

Adding coolant

10

Chapter 2

Adding engine oil

Table 2-1: Engine oil grades

Ambient
Temperature

Oil Grade

>35C

SAE 20W-50

>0C

SAE 10W40
(preferred)
or SAE 10W30

0C

SAE 5W30

Oil Type

API Class SF, SG,

or SH only

To add engine oil:

1. Obtain 5L of the correct grade and type of engine
oil.
2. Check that the sump drain plug is installed and
tight. (The sump drain plug is at the end of a short
length of flexible hose on the right underside of the
engine.)
3. Open the left side panel of the MG-40A and remove
the oil filler cap (see Figure 2-2 on page 10).
4. Pour the oil into the filler tube.
5. Replace the oil filler cap.

Fig. 2-2: Crankcase oil filler cap.

10

Installing the battery

The MG-40A requires a 12V automotive battery for
starting and to supply the alternator field current. Use
a fully charged battery rated for 75AH or more.
To install the battery:
1. Remove the seven screws from the access panel
below the controls, and lift the access panel away,
revealing the battery tray on the left.

2. Loosen the nuts on the battery hold-down clamp.

3. Place the battery in the battery tray with the
negative terminal toward the front of the MG-40A.
4. Tighten the nuts on the battery hold-down clamp
and ensure that the battery is securely held.
5. Attach the battery cable with the black sleeve to the
negative battery terminal.
6. Attach the battery cable with the red sleeve to the
positive battery terminal.
7. Replace the access panel and tighten the screws
securely.

Fuelling the MG-40A

The MG-40A is powered by a gasoline engine, and can
be fuelled with any unleaded gasoline of octane rating
between 87 and 93, including fuels containing up to
10% ethanol (gasohol). Make sure the fuel is fresh
and clean; filter out water and impurities before use if
necessary.

11

Chapter 2

Installing the battery

11

12

Chapter 2

Connecting the transmitter

12

2. Open the side panel, uncoil the rubber fuel hose

(see Figure 2-3 on page 12) and guide it into the
gap at the end the side panel hinge as you close the
panel.
3. Place the end of the hose at the bottom of the fuel
tank.
Warning To avoid damage to the fuel hose, take care that
the side panel does not pinch the hose, and that
!
no strain is placed on the hose where it rests on
the panel.

Connecting the transmitter

Fig. 2-3: Fuel hose.

To fuel the MG-40A:

1. Place a tank containing fresh, clean gasoline next to
the MG-40A on the left side.

A special control cable and three high voltage output

cables are supplied to connect the MG-40A to the
controlling transmitter. The three AC input cables are
bundled together, and terminate with Cam-Lok
connectors on each end. The male connectors (uniform
diameter) connect to the MG; the female connectors
(stepped diameter) connect to the transmitter (see
Figure 2-4).

Warning Before making any cable connections or

disconnections, ensure that the MG-40A is either
!
off or running in START mode only. Do not make
or break connections when the MG-40A is in
RUN mode.

Note Take care to keep all cable connectors clean.

To connect the AC cables:

1. Locate the control cable terminal and the three high
voltage output terminals on the right of the MG-40A
control panel (see Figure 2-5 on page 14).

Transmitter connector

MG connector

Fig. 2-4: AC cable connectors. Note alignment arrows.

13

Chapter 2

Connecting the transmitter

13

14

Chapter 2

Working in cold weather

14

4. Test the security of the connections by pulling on

the connectors.
5. At the transmitter rear panel, repeat the process
with the female connectors and the three AC INPUT
terminals.
To connect the control cable:
1. Unscrew the protective cap on the CONTROL
connector on the rear of the transmitter.
2. Aligning the key with the slot, insert the cable
connector into the multi-pin connector and screw
on the retainer.
Fig. 2-5: High voltage output terminals (3 upper connectors) and
control cable terminal (bottom connector).

2. At the MG-40A panel, hold the connectors with the

alignment arrow facing up and push them all the
way on to the output terminals.
3. Turn the connectors clockwise until they stop
(approximately one-half turn).

3. Repeat the process at the control connector of the

motor generator (see Figure 2-5).

Working in cold weather

This section describes procedures and precautions to
be aware of when working in cold temperatures
( 0C).

Using the choke

The MG-40A is equipped with a choke for operation in
cold weather. On models without a choke control on the
front panel, the choke is completely automatic, and
does not need to be set before starting. On models with
a choke control on the front panel, pull the choke
control out to start the engine and gradually push it
back in as the engine warms up. Do not run the engine
for long periods with the manual choke control pulled
out.

Preparing fuel

taken to ensure good performance in high

temperatures.

Maintaining operating temperature

When the engine is running under heavy load in hot
weather, it may exceed a safe operating temperature.
To help prevent overheating:

ensure that the side panels are kept closed, to

maintain proper airflow through the cabinet.
ensure that nothing blocks the radiator exhaust at
the rear or the alternator vent on the right side of
MG-40A.

If very cold weather is expected, either add gasoline

antifreeze to the fuel (0.5L gasoline antifreeze per 25L
fuel), or use gasoline containing up to 10% ethanol.

Working in hot weather

The MG-40A is protected from damage due to
overheating, however some precautions should be

15

Chapter 2

Working in hot weather

15

16

Chapter 2

Note If the engine overheats during transmission (coolant

temperature >105C), the MG-40A automatically
switches to START mode, removing the load from the
alternator. This condition is indicated by a HOT WATER
lamp on the front panel. The engine idles in START
mode until it cools to a safe operating temperature,
then automatically returns to RUN mode.
This condition will also trigger a safety shutdown of
the T-30 if it is transmitting at the time. Refer to the
T-30 User Guide for instructions on clearing the fault.

Working in hot weather

16

Chapter
This chapter describes the procedures necessary to use
the MG-40A in the field:

Preparing to start the engine.

Starting the engine.
Transmitting current with the T-30.
Responding to warning lamps.
Shutting down.

Operations
17

Chapter 3

17

18

Chapter 3

Preparing to start the engine

Preparing to start the engine

Verifying the setup

Before the engine is started at each survey site, several

procedures must be followed to ensure proper and safe
operation.

Review the setup instructions in Chapter 2. In

particular:

Performing a safety check

Review the safety concerns described in the
Introduction (see Important safety information on
page 4). In particular:

Keep open flames and smoking materials well clear

of the fuel tank and engine.
Stay clear of surfaces and vents that may become
hot.
Inspect the interior of the MG-40A and remove any
tools or debris.
Wear hearing protection in the near vicinity of the
MG-40A.

18

Ensure that the MG-40A is securely positioned on a

level surface.
Check the coolant level.
Check the oil level.
Check for signs of leaks: coolant, oil, or fuel.
Ensure that the fuel is fresh and clean, and
protected with gasoline antifreeze if appropriate.
Make cable connections to the controlling
transmitter (alternatively, you can do this while the
MG-40A engine is warming up).

Preparing the transmitter

Turn on the T-30 control panel power using the switch
at the rear of the cabinet, and make sure the OUTPUT
switch is OFF. Refer to the T-30 User Guide for full
instructions.

Priming the fuel system

The fuel hose will be filled with air when it is first put
into the fuel tank. Follow this procedure to prime the
fuel system.

circuits must be bypassed for the first few seconds of

running. This procedure explains how.

To prime the fuel system:

1. Insert the ignition key in the control panel lock and
turn it one position clockwise. (Do not turn it far
enough to crank the engine.)

3
2

2. Listen for the hum of the fuel pump as it primes the

system; when the hum stops, turn the ignition key
off (counterclockwise one position).
3. Check the engine for any sign of fuel leaks. If any is
found, take corrective action before continuing.

Starting the engine

When the engine starts, there is no pressure in the oil
system. The MG-40A is protected from damage due to
low oil pressure during operation, so the protection

19

Chapter 3

Figure 1: Ignition control startup sequence.

To start the engine:

1. Follow all the procedures under Preparing to start
the engine on page 18, and refer to Figure 1
above.

Starting the engine

19

20

Chapter 3

Transmitting with the T-30

20

2. Ensure that the RUN/START switch is down, in the

START position. (The engine can not be started in
RUN mode.)
>120F

3. In cold weather, on models equipped with a manual

choke, pull the choke control out.
4. Press the BYPASS switch up and hold it there.
5. Turn the ignition key two positions clockwise to
crank the engine.
6. As soon as the engine catches, release the ignition
key.
7. Observe the red LOW OIL lamp: when it goes out,
release the BYPASS switch.
Note It should take no more than 15 seconds for the LOW
OIL lamp to go out. If the lamp does not go out, note
the oil pressure gauge reading, release the BYPASS
switch and ignition key, and check the lubrication
system for oil level and leaks.

8. Allow the engine to idle until the WATER TEMP

gauge reads at least 120F (50C). If the manual
choke has been pulled out, push it in gradually
during this warm-up period.

Transmitting with the T-30

Refer to the T-30 User Guide for complete instructions
on setting up and operating the T-30 Current Source.
To transmit current:

When the MG-40A has reached operating

temperature (120F or 50C) and you are ready to
begin transmitting, move the RUN/START switch up to
the RUN position.

The engine speed will increase to 48005000 rpm, and the

feedback circuit will maintain that speed while the transmitter
varies the output load.

Note If the engine overheats during transmission (coolant

temperature >107C, 225F), the MG-40A
automatically switches to START mode, removing the
load from the alternator. This condition is indicated by
a HOT WATER lamp on the front panel. The engine idles
in START mode until it cools to a safe operating
temperature, then automatically returns to RUN mode.
This condition will also trigger a safety shutdown of
the T-30 if it is transmitting at the time. Refer to the T30 User Guide for instructions on clearing the fault.

During pauses in transmitting, switch to START mode

to idle the engine. However, avoid prolonged
periods of idling. If you stop and restart the engine
as required, engine wear and fuel consumption will
be reduced.

Responding to warning lamps

The MG-40A has two warning lamps indicating fault
conditions.
If the HOT WATER lamp lights during RUN mode, the
MG-40A will automatically cool itself at idle, as
described in the note above. If you have followed the
instructions under Working in hot weather on
page 15, no other action is necessary.
If the HOT WATER lamp lights during START mode, or fails
to go out after several minutes of idling during
automatic cool-down in RUN mode, stop the engine and
service the cooling system.
If the LOW OIL lamp lights during RUN mode, or during
mode when idling, the MG-40A will shut down
automatically. In this case, service the engine
lubrication system.
START

Warning Do not disconnect the battery when the MG-40A is

running. Do not allow the fuel tank to run dry.

21

Chapter 3

Responding to warning lamps

21

22

Chapter 3

Shutting down the MG-40A

After operating the MG-40A under load, always allow
the engine temperature to stabilize before shutting it
down.
To shut down the MG-40A:
1. Move the RUN/START switch down to START mode and
let the MG-40A idle for 35 minutes.

Shutting down the MG-40A

22

2. Turn off the engine by turning the ignition key

counterclockwise.
Warning Turning off the ignition while in RUN mode may
cause backfiring and damage to the engine.
!
Always put the MG-40A into START mode before
turning off the ignition.

Chapter
To ensure long service life, the MG-40A must be
properly maintained. This chapter provides information
and instructions on:

Periodic maintenance.
Electrical maintenance (fuse replacement).
Storing the MG-40A.

Maintenance
23

Chapter 4

23

24

Chapter 4

Periodic maintenance
Unless specified otherwise, perform all maintenance
procedures with the engine off and cool. Use the
Maintenance Log on page 27 to record service
operations.
Warning On some models, the end plate of the alternator
air filter is held in place by a set of threaded rods
!
and nuts, and is located close beside the battery.
To avoid accidental short circuits through metal
tools, always disconnect the battery cables before
servicing the air filter.

Periodic maintenance

24

Note The MG-40A is equipped with a permanent oiled-foam

air filter element. It can be reused by periodically
cleaning in solvent and re-oiling. To re-oil, use either
motor oil or (in very dirty environments) aerosol foam
filter oil made for the purpose.

Inspect the engine for signs of leaking coolant, fuel,

or oil. Repair as necessary.

Daily maintenance

Check the oil level and top up if necessary. Do not

overfill.
Check the coolant level and top up if necessary.
Check the alternator air filter for debris or dirt.
Clean or replace if necessary (then check the
engine air filter, as it is therefore probably dirty,
too).

Fig. 4-1: Engine oil sump drain hose (side panel removed for clarity).

Every 100 operating hours

Check the engine and cabinet for loose bolts or

clamps and tighten as necessary.
Check both engine and alternator air filters for
debris or dirt. Clean or replace as necessary.
(Perform this check more often in dusty conditions;
less often in clean conditions.)
If using petroleum-based engine oil, change the oil
and oil filter. (Raise the MG-40A and set it level on
blocks in order to access the crankcase drain plug,
which is on the end of a short length of flexible hose
on the right underside of the engine; see Figure 4-1
on page 24). Refer to Adding engine oil on page 9
for further specifications and procedures.)

Every 200 operating hours

25

right underside of the engine; see Figure 4-1 on

page 24). Refer to Adding engine oil on page 9 for
further specifications and procedures.)
Clean and re-oil the engine air filter.
Inspect and clean the distributor and the ignition
cables and replace if necessary.
Inspect the fan belt for wear or cracks and replace
if necessary.
Check fan belt tension.
Inspect the fan blades for chips or cracks, and
replace the fan if any defects are found.

Every 400 operating hours

Replace the spark plugs.

Inspect the distributor cap and rotor and replace if
necessary.

Replace the alternator air filter and the fuel filter.

If using synthetic engine oil, change the oil and oil
filter. (Raise the MG-40A and set it level on blocks
in order to access the crankcase drain plug, which is
on the end of a short length of flexible hose on the

Chapter 4

Periodic maintenance

25

26

Chapter 4

Every two years

Replace the coolant.

Check the condition and security of all hoses and
clamps.
Make a note of these operations in the Maintenance
Log on page 27.

Replacing the coolant

A plastic hand pump with hose is supplied with the
MG-40A for use when replacing the coolant.
To replace the coolant:
1. Remove the radiator cap.
2. Feed the hose of the supplied hand pump into the
side of the radiator as far as possible.
3. Place the other end of the pump hose into a suitable
container.
4. Squeeze the hand pump bulb to start the flow of
coolant. If the container is lower than the radiator,

Replacing the coolant

26

the coolant will syphon naturally. Otherwise,

continue pumping.
5. Refill the cooling system as described on page 9.
6. Dispose of the used coolant according to local
hazardous waste regulations.
Warning Engine coolant is poisonous. Treat it as hazardous
waste and do not allow it to contaminate water
!
supplies or groundwater. Do not leave it where
humans or animals might accidentally ingest it.

Replacing fuses
The MG-40A is protected by a 20A fuse for the
transmitter control and a 30A fuse for the ignition. If
fuses blow frequently, contact Phoenix (see How to get
further information and support on page 3).
Warning Always replace a blown fuse with a new one of the
same kind and rating. Using the wrong fuse can
result in hazards to personnel and damage to
equipment.

To replace the fuses:

1. Locate the fuse holders on the control panel, and
unscrew them.
2. Replace any blown fuse with a new one of the same
kind and rating.
3. Screw the fuse holders back into the control panel,
taking care not to damage the threads.

2. Check the air filters on the engine and alternator

and clean or replace if necessary.
3. Replace the fuel filters.
4. Siphon off about 1L of coolant and check that it is
clean; drain and replace the coolant if necessary.
See Adding coolant on page 9.
Note Always mix the coolant (equal parts of distilled water
and good quality antifreeze) before filling the system.

Storing the MG-40A

5. Remove the fuel supply and drain the fuel hose.

Follow standard automotive procedures to protect the

MG-40A when it will be stored for any length of time.

6. Open the side panels and drain the carburetor of

fuel:

To prepare the MG-40A for storage:

1. If the storage period is likely to be longer than a
few weeks, treat the engine with a storage oil
fogger spray, following the instructions on the
product label. (Suppliers of marine engines and
parts usually carry storage oil spray.)
1. Change the engine oil and filter.

27

Chapter 4

On models equipped with a Holley carburetor,

remove one lower bolt from each of the left and
right float bowls (see Figure 4-2).
On other models, remove one bolt from below the
sight glass on each of the front and rear float
bowls (see Figure 4-3 on page 28).
7. Replace the float bowl bolts.

Storing the MG-40A

27

28

Chapter 4

Storing the MG-40A

8. Cover the MG-40A and store it in a cool, dry, dustfree environment.

Fig. 4-3: Non-Holley carburetor drain bolt.

Fig. 4-2: Holley carburetor drain bolt.

28

Maintenance Log
Use the log that follows to record the service history of
your MG-40A. In the Notes areas, record the details of
operating conditions (temperatures, pressures, etc.) as
well as of maintenance procedures.

In-service. Date:

100 hours. Date:

Hour meter:

Check engine and cabinet bolts.

Change petroleum-based engine oil.
Change oil filter.
Notes:

29

Chapter 4

Maintenance Log

29

30

Chapter 4

200 hours. Date:

Maintenance Log

Hour meter:

300 hours. Date:

Hour meter:

Check engine and cabinet bolts.

Check engine and cabinet bolts.

Change engine oil (petroleum-based or

synthetic).

Change petroleum-based engine oil.

Change oil filter.

Replace alternator air filter; clean and oil engine
air filter.
Replace fuel filters.
Inspect distributor.
Inspect ignition cables.
Inspect fan belt.
Check fan belt tension.
Inspect fan blades.
Notes:

Change oil filter.

Notes:

30

400 hours. Date:

Hour meter:

500 hours. Date:

Hour meter:

Check engine and cabinet bolts.

Check engine and cabinet bolts.

Change engine oil (petroleum-based or

synthetic).

Change petroleum-based engine oil.

Change oil filter.

Replace the spark plugs.

Change oil filter.

Notes:

Inspect the distributor cap and rotor.

Replace alternator air filter; clean and oil engine
air filter.
Replace fuel filters.
Inspect ignition cables.
Inspect fan belt.
Check fan belt tension.
Inspect fan blades.
Notes:

31

Chapter 4

Maintenance Log

31

32

Chapter 4

600 hours. Date:

Maintenance Log

Hour meter:

700 hours. Date:

Hour meter:

Check engine and cabinet bolts.

Check engine and cabinet bolts.

Change engine oil (petroleum-based or

synthetic).

Change petroleum-based engine oil.

Change oil filter.

Replace alternator air filter; clean and oil engine
air filter.
Replace fuel filters.
Inspect distributor.
Inspect ignition cables.
Inspect fan belt.
Check fan belt tension.
Inspect fan blades.
Notes:

Change oil filter.

Notes:

32

800 hours. Date:

Hour meter:

900 hours. Date:

Hour meter:

Check engine and cabinet bolts.

Check engine and cabinet bolts.

Change engine oil (petroleum-based or

synthetic).

Change petroleum-based engine oil.

Change oil filter.

Replace the spark plugs.

Change oil filter.

Notes:

Inspect the distributor cap and rotor.

Replace alternator air filter; clean and oil engine
air filter.
Replace fuel filters.
Inspect ignition cables.
Inspect fan belt.
Check fan belt tension.
Inspect fan blades.
Notes:

33

Chapter 4

Maintenance Log

33

34

Chapter 4

1000 hours. Date:

Maintenance Log

Hour meter:

Replace fuel filters.

Check engine and cabinet bolts.

Inspect distributor.

Change engine oil (petroleum-based or

synthetic).

Inspect ignition cables.

Change oil filter.

Check fan belt tension.

Replace alternator air filter; clean and oil engine

air filter.

Inspect fan blades.

Inspect fan belt.

Notes:

34

Appendix

Ignition wiring diagram and circuit

schematic
35

Appendix A

35

36

Appendix A

36

Index
A

adding coolant, 9
antifreeze
cooling system, 9
gasoline, 15

daily maintenance, 24
diagram, ignition wiring, 35
diagram, wiring, 35
drain hose, oil sump, 24

battery, 11
bypass switch, 19

engine
oil, 9
preparing to start, 18
speed, 21
starting, 19
warm-up, 20
exhaust pipe, setting up, 8

C
check, safety, 18
choke, 15
circuit schematic, 35
cold weather, 14
connecting the transmitter, 12
control cable, transmitter, 13
coolant
adding, 9
type, 9

37

Index

F
fault, transmitter, 3
float bowls, carburetor, 27
fogger spray, oil, 27
front, defined, 2
fuel, 11
fuel system, priming, 19

fuses
replacing, 26
types, 26

G
gasoline antifreeze, 15
grade, engine oil, 9

H
high voltage output terminals, 13
hose, oil sump drain, 24
hot weather, 15

I
ignition, 20
ignition wiring diagram, 35
indicators, warning lamps, 21

L
lamps, warning, 21
left side, defined, 2
log, maintenance, 29

37

38

Index

M
maintaining operating temperature, 15
maintenance, 23
daily, 24
log, 29
MG-40A
positioning, 8
shutting down, 22
storing, 27

O
oil
engine, 9
petroleum-based, 9
synthetic, 9
types, 9
oil fogger spray, 27
oil sump drain hose, 24
operating temperature, maintaining, 15
operations, 17
output terminals, high voltage, 13
overheating, 16

P
pauses in transmitting, 21
petroleum-based oil, 9

38
Phoenix Geophysics Limited, contact
information, 3
positioning the MG-40A, 8
preparing to start the engine, 18
priming the fuel system, 19

R
replacing fuses, 26
right side, defined, 2

S
safety check, 18
safety information, 4
schematic, circuit, 35
shutting down the MG-40A, 22
speed, engine, 21
spray, oil fogger, 27
starting the engine, 19
storing the MG-40A, 27
sump drain hose, oil, 24
support, contact information, 3
switch
bypass, 19
run/start, 20
synthetic oil, 9

T
T-30, transmitting with, 20
temperature
maintaining operating, 15
warm-up, 20
water, 20
terminals, high voltage output, 13
transmitter
connecting, 12
fault, 3
transmitting
pauses in, 21
with the T-30, 20

V
voltage output terminals, 13

W
warm-up, engine, 20
warning lamps, 21
water temperature, 20
weather
cold, 14
considerations, 14
hot, 15
wiring diagram, ignition, 35