Chapter 2

Review of Related Literatures

This chapter illustrates the existing literature, articles and studies which are
related to the study as well as relevant information contained therein that will help the
researchers in the completion of the study.
Related Literature
According to Watson and Milne (1999), design of a building should be based on
the understanding of microclimate and on the analysis of energy represented by sun,
wind, temperature, and humidity.
The data will enable the researchers analyze the unique climatic characteristic of
the locale and select appropriate design elements for the facility. Bioclimatic design
should be developed out of sensitivity to ecological and regional contexts and the need
to conserve energy and environmental resources.
Evans (1999) indicated that building design should take advantage of daylight
without creating glare or overheating. Designers should take also into consideration the
effects of daylighting in aesthetics, psychological response, health, energy and cost.
Factors mentioned can help in the utilization of sunshine for passive heating and
for daylighting and minimizes liabilities of overheating through sun-shading, orientation,
and related fenestrations designs.
Natural Ventilation is effective for cooling buildings that are properly shaded and
otherwise design to suit local climatic condition, such as air and earth temperatures,
relative humidity, daily and seasonal wind, and breeze direction. In many locations and
building types, these climatic design elements can provide the principle source of
cooling comfort in buildings (Watson and Labs 1993).
The comprehensive overview of natural ventilation can help facilitate air change
and movement, increases comfort, and reduces backup cooling requirements.

Orient the building to take advantage of solar energy for passive and active solar
systems .The building should take advantage of shade and airflows for cooling in
summer, and of passive solar energy for heating (Harris and Dines 1998).
This particular practice will aid the researchers in considering solar access and
would serve as a guide in the placement of buildings and site features in order to
achieve an energy-conserving design.
Materials used in construction should be recycled and/or regionally available, if
possible, and have a low life-cycle cost (Harris and Dines 1998).
This can help the researchers with the use of recyclable materials for
construction purposes to help achieve an overall sustainable design of the facility.
Existing vegetation may be used to moderate weather conditions and provide
protection for native wildlife .Vegetation can be used to provide shade and transpiration
in the summer. Additionally, vegetation can provide natural corridors for wildlife
movement when provided in conjunction with a regional landscape plan (Harris and
Dines 1998).
This information will enable the researcher to seek to maximize the use of
existing vegetation. This can also be used to develop a site plan and design that meet
the needs of its occupants as well as the existing environment.
Republic Act 9514, also known as the Fire Code of the Philippines, covers the
fire safety measures for buildings, structures, and facilities for the protection of both the
property and its users.
The compliance of the law not only means the grant of an occupancy permit but
also the assurance of less damages and casualties in case of fire break out.
Batas Pambansa 344, also known as the Accessibility Law, covers the required
architectural design treatments, standards and regulations to make buildings and
facilities convenient and accessible to persons with disabilities.
The mobility of persons with disabilities is improved through the integration of the
bylaw into the plans of the facility

Related Studies
Nathaniel Standish (2002) in a dissertation paper states that a Material Innovation
Center needs to reinvent its role within a contemporary language that explores more
deeply the material qualities and properties associates with it.
There should be an advancement of creativity and competitiveness through
material manipulation, reinvention, and rejuvenation of designs in order to achieve
sustainable and multi-purpose materials for design and architecture.