CATEDRA: TOPOGRAFA
INFORME DE PRCTICA
PRCTICA N3
TEMA:
Levantamientos planmetro con cinta: mtodo de triangulacin.
AUTOR:
MATERIALES:
5 estacas
5 jalones
6 piquetas
Una cinta
Un combo
Piola
PROCEDIMIENTOS:
1. Escoger una superficie para trazar un polgono de 5 lados y calcular su rea.
2. Utilizamos los jalones para visualizar es mximo espacio que ocupara el
pentgono.
3. En los puntos seleccionados se colocaron las estacas con la ayuda del combo.
4. Con la ayuda de la piola trazamos el contorno del pentgono, utilizando las
estacas como vrtices.
5. Se identific la diagonal interna ms larga y se le calcul su medio aproximado.
6. Desde la mitad de la diagonal se procedi a realizar las medidas con la cinta
hacia cada uno de los vrtices y medir sus distancias. Las distancias eran
introducidas en la tabla 1.
7. Con la ayuda de las piquetas como un indicador de distancia prximo, se realiz
la medida de cada uno de los lados del pentgono con la cinta. Las distancias
eran incluidas en la tabla 2.
8. Con ayuda de la piola, las piquetas y la cinta se trazaron tringulos pequeos
alrededor del pentgono cubriendo toda la superficie para poder calcularla. Las
medidas de los tringulos son introducidos en la tabla 3.
9. Una vez realizadas todas las mediciones se procedi al levantamiento de los
materiales; se desat la piola, se recogi las estacas, las piquetas y los jalones.
CLCULOS TPICOS:
rea 1
A 1= s ( sa)(sb)(sc )= 28.635 ( 28.63517.92 )( 28.63516.30 ) ( 28.63523.05 )=145.3871m 2
s 1=
R 1+ R 2+ P 1 P 2 17.92+16.30+23.05
=
=28.635m
2
2
rea 2
A 2= s ( sa)(sb)(sc )= 29.515 (29.51516.30 ) ( 29.51517.57 )( 29.51525.16 )=142.4433 m2
s 2=
R 2+ R 3+ P 2 P 3 16.30+17.57+25.16
=
=29.515 m
2
2
rea 3
A 3= s( sa)( sb)(sc )= 25.140 ( 25.14017.57 )( 25.14016.71 )( 25.14016.00 )=121.0926 m2
s 3=
R 3+ R 4+ P 3 P 4 17.57+16.71+16.00
=
=25.140 m
2
2
rea 4
A 4= s (sa)(sb)(sc )= 23.470 ( 23.47016.71 ) ( 23.47010.58 ) ( 23.47019.65 ) =88.3869 m2
s 4=
R 4+ R 5+ P 4 P 5 16.71+10.58+19.65
=
=23.470 m
2
2
rea 5
A 5= s( sa)( sb)(sc )= 25.190 ( 25.19010.58 ) ( 25.19017.92 ) ( 25.19021.88 )=94.1067 m 2
s 5=
R5+ R 1+ P 5 P1 10.58+17.92+21.88
=
=25.190 m
2
2
AT=A1+A2+A3+A4+A5
AT= (145.3871+142.4433+121.0926+88.3869+94.1067) m2
AT=591.4166 m2
B
AB= s (sa)(sb)(sc)=7.575 ( 7.5756.93 )( 7.5753.72 )( 7.5754.50 )=7.6104 m2
sB=
C
AC = s(sa)(sb)(sc )= 7.650 ( 7.6507.01 ) (7.6503.72 ) (7.6504.57 )=7.6983 m2
sC =
D
AD = s (sa)(sb)(sc)=8.880 ( 8.8808.30 ) ( 8.8804.89 ) ( 8.8804.57 )=9.4112 m2
sD=
E
AE= s (sa)(sb)(sc)= 8.565 ( 8.5657.95 ) ( 8.5654.89 ) ( 8.5654.29 )=9.0970 m 2
sE=
F
AF= s( sa)( sb)(sc )= 8.455 ( 8.4557.86 )( 8.4554.76 )( 8.4554.29 ) =8.7989 m2
sF =
G
AG = s (sa)(sb)(sc)= 6.635 ( 6.6355.70 )( 6.6354.76 )( 6.6352.81 )=6.6703 m2
sG=
H
AH = s (sa)( sb)(sc)= 4.610 ( 4.6103.94 ) ( 4.6102.47 ) ( 4.6102.81 )=3.4493 m2
sH =
I
AI = s( sa)(sb)(sc)= 4.775 ( 4.7754.10 )( 4.7752.47 )( 4.7752.98 ) =3.6518 m2
sI =
J
AJ = s ( sa)(sb)(sc )= 7.230 (7.2306.73 ) ( 7.2304.75 ) (7.2302.98 )=6.1727 m2
sJ =
a+ b+c 6.73+4.75+2.98
=
=7.230 m
2
2
L
AL= s( sa)( sb)(sc)= 6.845 ( 6.8456.19 )( 6.8454.12 ) ( 6.8453.38 )=6.5064 m 2
sL=
M
AM = s( sa)( sb)(sc)= 9.280 ( 9.2808.71 ) ( 9.2804.12 )( 9.2805.73 )=9.8435 m2
sM =
N
AN = s (sa)(sb)(sc)= 9.065 ( 9.0658.38 )( 9.0654.02 ) ( 9.0655.73 )=10.2213 m2
sN =
O
AO= s(sa)(sb)(sc)= 10.210 ( 10.2107.75 )( 10.2109.33 )( 10.2103.34 ) =12.3225 m2
sO=
P
AP= s (sa)(sb)(sc)=10.585 ( 10.5854.89 ) ( 10.5859.33 ) ( 10.5856.95 )=16.5831 m2
a+b+ c 4.89+9.33+6.95
=
=10.585 m
2
2
sP=
Q
AQ = s (sa)(sb)(sc)= 11.105 ( 11.1054.87 ) (11.10510.39 )( 11.1056.95 )=14.3422 m2
sQ=
a+b+ c 4.87+10.39+6.95
=
=11.105 m
2
2
R
AR= s (sa)(sb)(sc)= 12.345 ( 12.3455.66 ) (12.34510.39 ) (12.3458.64 )=24.4491 m2
a+ b+c 5.66+ 10.39+8.64
=
=12.345 m
2
2
sR=
S
AS= s ( sa)(sb)(sc )= 9.985 ( 9.9855.28 )( 9.9856.05 ) ( 9.9858.64 )=15.7684 m2
sS=
a+ b+c 5.28+6.05+8.64
=
=9.985 m
2
2
T
AT = s (sa)(sb)(sc)= 8.15 ( 8.155.25 ) ( 8.156.05 ) ( 8.155.00 )=12.5038 m2
sT =
a+ b+c 5.25+6.05+5.00
=
=8.15 m
2
2
U
AU = s (sa)( sb)(sc)= 6.65 ( 6.655.79 ) ( 6.652.51 ) ( 6.655.00 ) =6.2503 m2
a+b +c 5.79+2.51+5.00
=
=6.65m
2
2
sU =
V
AV = s (sa)( sb)(sc)= 5.715 ( 5.7155.67 ) (5.7152.51 ) (5.7153.25 )=1.4254 m2
sV =
W
AW = s( sa)( sb)(sc)= 5.955 ( 5.9554.03 )( 5.9554.63 ) ( 5.9553.25 )=6.4099 m2
sW =
X
AX = s (sa)( sb)( sc)= 8.640 ( 8.6407.84 ) ( 8.6404.63 ) ( 8.6404.81 )=10.3032 m2
sX =
Y
AY = s (sa)(sb)(sc)= 8.690 ( 8.6908.25 ) ( 8.6904.32 ) ( 8.6904.81 )=8.0518 m2
sY =
Z
AZ= s(sa)(sb)(sc)= 7.385 ( 7.3857.15 ) ( 7.3854.32 )( 7.3853.30 )=4.6614 m2
sZ =
a+b+ c 7.15+4.32+3.30
=
=7.385m
2
2
B
AB = s (sa)(sb)(sc)= 5.915 ( 5.9155.91 )( 5.9154.17 ) ( 5.9151.75 ) =0.4636 m2
sB =
C
AC = s (sa)(sb)( sc )= 3.925 (3.9253.90 ) ( 3.9252.20 )( 3.9251.75 )=0.6068 m2
sC =
a+ b+c 3.90+2.20+1.75
=
=3.925 m
2
2
D
AD = s (sa)( sb)(sc)= 6.745 ( 6.7456.70 ) ( 6.7452.20 ) ( 6.7454.59 )=1.7242 m2
sD =
E
AE = s (sa)(sb)(sc)= 8.650 ( 8.6508.58 ) ( 8.6504.13 ) ( 8.6504.59 )=3.3334 m2
sE =
F
AF = s( sa)(sb)(sc )= 7.930 ( 7.9307.80 ) ( 7.9304.13 ) (7.9303.93 )=3.9585 m 2
sF =
a+ b+c 7.80+4.13+3.93
=
=7.930m
2
2
G
AG = s(sa)( sb)(sc)= 9.555 ( 9.5559.36 ) ( 9.5555.82 )( 9.5553.93 )=6.2566 m 2
sG =
H
AH = s(sa)( sb)( sc)= 8.710 ( 8.7105.82 )( 8.7108.36 ) ( 8.7103.24 )=6.9420 m2
sH =
a+b+ c 5.82+8.36+3.24
=
=8.710 m
2
2
TABLAS:
DISTANCIA
Diagonal
Radio 1
LONGITUD (m)
35.49
17.92
Radio 2
Radio 3
Radio 4
Radio 5
16.30
17.57
16.71
10.58
DISTANCIA
P1P2
P2P3
P3P4
P4P5
P5P1
LONGITUD (m)
23.05
25.16
16.00
19.65
21.88
CONCLUSIONES:
RECOMENDACIONES:
PLANO GRFICO:
CROQUIS: