CONDICIONALES

Hay tres tipos de condicionales.

Tipo 1 :
Presente - presente : se usa para hechos generales que no cambian
leyes o hechos cientficos. Ejemplos : (If you take drogs regulary you
become addicted to them.
Presente en futuro : Se usa principalmente para posibilidades futuras.
Ejemplos : (Unless you study, you wont pass your exams.)
Tipo 2 :
Se usan para condiciones imposibles o muy difcil de conseguir en el presente
o en el futuro. Tambin se usan para dar consejos y sugerencias.
Expresin :
If + past, would + inf.
If I were rich, I would buy a yatch.
If Mary were hear now, se would drive me home.
If I were you, I wouldnt marry him.
Nota : en este tipo de oraciones el to be pasado se utiliza were para todas las
personas.
Tipo 3 :
Es usada par cosas irreales o imposibles en el pasado :
Expresin :
Past perfect / conditional perfect.
Have + p.p / would + have + p.p
Ejemplos :
We would have gone abroad for our holidays if we hadnt bought a new car.
If We hadnt set out, We wouldnt have been caught in the traffic jam.
If you had listened to your father you wouldnt have made many mistakes.
Nota : unless significa a no ser que.

Otor punto de vista es: Algunas gramticas establecen categoras en las

oraciones condicionales tales como "Condicional probable, improbable,
posible" etc). Para los hispanohablantes, entiendo, es ms sencillo establecer
las equivalencias con las condiciones en espaol. En el cuadro que aparece a
continuacin expongo todos los tiempos verbales implicados en la realizacin
de las condicionales. Hay que tener en cuenta algo importante:

No importa el orden de la condicin. Ejemplo: Es lo mismo decir "Si viene a la

fiesta lo pasaremos bien" que decir "Lo pasaremos bien si viene a la fiesta".
La condicin positiva se expresa en ingls con IF y la negativa con UNLESS (si
no)

IF

TIEMPO 1

TIEMPO 2

MODELO

IF

PRESENTE

PRESENTE

IF YOU STUDY YOU PASS YOUR EXAMS

IF

PRESENTE

IMPERATIVO

IF YOU WANT, COME TO THE PARTY

IF

PRESENTE

FUTURO

IF YOU COME, YOU WILL SEE HER

IF

PASADO

CONDICIONAL

IF YOU SOLD YOUR CAR, YOU WOULD

GET MUCH MONEY

IF

PLUSCUAM.

COND.
COMPUES.

IF YOU HAD COME TO THE PARTY, YOU

WOULD HAVE SEEN HER

Traduccin:
1.- Si estudias, pasas tus exmenes (if+pres+pres)
2.- Si quieres, ven a la fiesta (if+pres+imperativo)
3.- Si vendieras tu coche, ganaras mucho dinero (if+pasado+condicional)
4.- Si hubieras venido a la fiesta, le habras visto
(if+pluscuamperfecto+condicional compuesto).
Unless:
UNLESS + VERBO AFIRMATIVO= IF + VERBO NEGATIVO
Unless he gives me some money, I shall not be able to buy the train ticket (Trad
1. Si no me da dinero, no podr comprar el billete del tren) (trad 2. A menos
que me de dinero, no podr comprar el billete de tren.

EJERCICIOS PARA LA PRCTICA

1. If your message had not come,
2. Come before 7 oclock if ...

3. If you had worked harder ...

4. If you were a good girl, ...
5. If you dont visit me, ...
6. If our teacher were not so severe...
7. If I were you, ...
8. If I had known he was here, ...
9. If he wants to see me, ...
10.You would be very angry with us if ...
11.If I have the gate opened....
12.You will have to go to the dentist...
13.If the fire had been noticed earlier...
14.Id probably have been lost if you...
15.If I had known that you couldnt eat...
16.It will be nice if...
17.Youll be cold if...
18.Im sure theyll understand if...
19.If I went to the doctor,...
20.I wouldnt have been so depressed if...
21.What would you do if.....?
22.If we didnt go to the party,
23.If I was offered a job, I ...
24.If I lost the ring, she....
25.What would happen.....?
26.If I had a cigarette, ...
27.If I were you ...
28.If I had seen you yesterday ...
29.I would have seen you yesterday...
30.I would have gone out...
31.If I have the gate opened....
32.You will have to go to the dentist...
33.If the fire had been noticed earlier...
34.Id probably have been lost if you...

35.If I had known that you couldnt eat...

36.It will be nice if...
37.Youll be cold if...
38.Im sure theyll understand if...
39.If I went to the doctor...
40.I wouldnt have been so depressed if...

1.- Put the verbs in brackets in the correct tense:

41.I (need) some money if we (go) out tonight.
42.It (be) funny if Norman (get) the job.
43.If the boys (come) to supper, I (cook) chicken breast.
44.The kitchen (look) better if we (have) red curtains.
45.What (you do) if you (win) the lottery?.
46.If you really (love) me, you (buy) me these diamonds.
47.It (be) nice if you (spend) some time with the children.
48.If we (live) in a town, life would be easier.
49.If she (come) late again, shell lost her job.
50.I (go) to the mountains, if Im free on Saturday.
2.- Put the verb between brackets in the right tense
1. You get annoyed if I (not tell) ____________________ the truth
2. I wont give it back unless you (promise) ____________________ to behave
yourself
3. If it werent so crowded, Brighton (be)____________________ an interesting
place.
4. We would never have asked you if we (not think) ___________________
youd agree
5. Put the kettle on now if you (want) ___________________ some tea
6. If you follow my advice, you (manage) ___________________ all right
7. You were a fool if you (believe) ___________________ her
8. If Id thought more about it, I(find) _________________________ the answer

9. People notice you if you (dress) _____________________ expensively

10.If you dressed expensively, people (notice) _________________
3.- Transform into a conditional sentence (1st or 2nd type)
1. I feel very tired, so I wont come out with you
If I didnt feel so tired, I would come out with you
2. He doesnt know he is here, so he wont tell him to go away
_________________________________________________________________
3. The weather is very cold, thats why I dont go to the beach
_________________________________________________________________
4. I cant stop working because I dont have a lot of money
__________________________________________________________________
5. I cant come out for a walk with you because Im very tired
__________________________________________________________________
6. She doesnt love you, thats why she is so horrible to you
__________________________________________________________________
7. Pollution is increasing because there are many cars
___________________________________________________________________
8. The climate is changing because there are few trees
______________________________________________________________________

4.- Choose the right option

1. If John (were/would be) here, he (knew/would know) what to do
2. Do you think it (were/would be) a good idea if I (phoned/would phone)
the police?
3. What (did/would) you do if you (won/would win) a million pound?
4. If I (had/would have) more time I (learnt/would learn) either karate or
judo
5. If you (changed/would change) your job, what (did/would) you do?
6. Today (were/would be) Sunday I (were/would be) in bed
7. I (went/would go) and see Jake tomorrow if I (knew/would know) his
address.
5.- Fill in the blanks with the suitable form of the verb in brackets

1.
2.
3.
4.

If he (run) ......................... hell get there in time

If you (finish) ................................ dinner Ill ask the waiter for the bill
I (meet) ............................... you at the airport if knew you are coming
You can camp in my field provided you (leave) ............................... no
mess
5. If the fog (get) ...................... thicker hte plane may be diverted
6. If someone tried to blackmail me I (tell) ................................ the police
7. If you (not have)............................. a permit you couldnt get a job
8. If you (look) .............................. for Peter youll find him upstairs
9. Were going by air and I hate flying. If we (go) .................................... by
boat Id feel much happier.
10.I would be very grateful if you (make) ................................. the
arrangements for me
6.- Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verb in brackets
to make first or second conditional sentences

Example: 1 If children watch violent television programmes, they will

become violent
1. If children............................... (watch) violent television programmes,
they will become violent
2. Young children would learn to speak better if they .................................
(watch) less television
3. If you dont get nervous before the exam, you .................................
(have) any problems
4. If you ............................ (be) rude to your sister, she wont help you
5. If Karen ............................ (give) up smoking, shed feel better
6. If he is still ill tomorrow, he ............................ (not/play) in the match

7.- Complete the questions

Example: 1 If it rains this weekend, what will you do?

1. If it ........................ (rain) this weekend, what will you do?

2. If it is hot tomorrow, what ............................ (you/do)?
3. If you ............................ (win) the lottery, what would you do?

4. If you could travel anywhere in the world, where ...............................

(you/go)?

8.- Transform as in the example

Example: He doesnt ask me, so I dont help him

If he asked me, I would help him

1. I dont have a lot of money, so I don travel round the world

____________________________________________________________________
2. George lives in London, so he doesnt see the Eiffel Tower
____________________________________________________________________
3. They are very hungry because they dont eat nothing
____________________________________________________________________
4. Im late. I cant find my seat
____________________________________________________________________
5. It is raining. So I cant go out tonight
____________________________________________________________________
6. I cant understand. Please explain how the machine works
____________________________________________________________________
7. It is very cold, so we cant wear a swimsuit
___________________________________________________________________
8. John has two brothers, so he hasnt any brother-in-law
___________________________________________________________________
9. He hasnt got a car because he cant drive
___________________________________________________________________
10.I havent a boyfriend. So I cant get married
___________________________________________________________________

9.- Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verb in brackets

1. I would buy (buy) this computer if it werent so expensive

2. If you .............................. (go) to England, youd improve your accent

3. You can stay here longer if you ............................... (want)
4. We wont come along to the party if we .............................. (not/invited)
5. If I ..................... (be) you, Id apologise to them immediately
6. If I had five million euros, I ............................... (not/know) what to do
wih the money
7. We .............................. (not/catch) the train if we dont hurry
8. If Paco ........................... (have) a temperature, he wont be able to come
along to the beach
9. .................................. (you/babysit) for us if we asked you to?
10.Dont eat hat fruit if it..................................... (not/be) ripe

10.- Finish the sentences taking care to use the correct tense (first and
second type)

1. Well send for the doctor if...........................................................

2. The grass would look better if......................................................
3. If there isnt enough wine in that bottle.......................................
4. If you ate less..............................................................................
5. Try on the blue one if..................................................................
6. If she practised more....................................................................
7. If we leave before breakfast..........................................................
8. If you tried to climb it without a guide..........................................
9. If the river rises any higher..........................................................
10.If the volcano starts erupting.......................................................
11.If you had any sense....................................................................
12.If

you

didnt

shake

your

camera

photographs .........................................................
11.- Put the verb in the correct form

so

much,

your

1. I (give) ____________________ you a cigarette if I had one, but Im afraid I

havent
2. This soup would taste better if it (have) __________________ more salt in
it.
3. If you (not go) _________________ to bed so late every night, you wouldnt
be so tired all the time
4. I wouldnt mind living in England if the weather (be) __________________
better
5. Id help you if I (can) __________________ but Im afraid I cant
6. If I were you, I (not marry) ___________________ him
7. We would happily buy that house if it (not be) ________________ so
small.

12.- Put the verb in brackets in the correct form

1. If you (find) ______________ a skeleton in the cellar dont mention it to

anyone
2. If you pass your examination we (have) __________________ a celebration
3. What (happen) __________________ if I press this button?
4. I should have voted for him if I (have) _________________ a vote then
5. If you go to Paris where you ______________ (stay)?
6. If someone offered to buy you one of those rings, which you (choose)
_______________?
7. The flight may be cancelled if the fog (get)_____________ thick
8. If the milkman (come) ________________ tell him to leave two pints
9. Someone (sit) _________________ on your glasses if you leave them there

10.You would play better bridge if you (not talk) _______________ so much
11.What I (do) ______________ if I hear the burglar alarm?
12.If you (read) ______________ the instruction carefully you wouldnt have
answered the wrong question.

13.- Complete

1. If you dont eat, youll get thin

2. If

you.......................................................................................,

youll

get tired
3. If you ....................................................................................., youll get
thirsty
4. If you........................................................................................., youll
get wet
5. If I ..............................................................................................., Ill be
happy
6. If......................................................................................, Ill be very
unhappy
7. If ............................................................................, it will be very bad
for the country
8. If.........................................................., it will be very good for the
country

14.- Pon el verbo entre parntesis en la forma verbal adecuada

1. You (see) ......................... better if you (light)............................ the

lamp
2. If they (listen)........................... to such a loud music, they
(get) .................... deaf
3. Peter (drive) ........................ a car if he (be) ......................... 18 years
old

4. They (play) ....................... football If they (have).......................... some

time
5. If she (sing) ......................... marvellously, she (go)....................... to
Eurovision
6. They (come)................... here if they (can) ........................
7. I (not ask) .............................. someone to do it for me if I
(know) ...................... how to do that
8. If the children (like) ......................... playing basketball, they
(be) ..................... playing the whole day
9. If you (travel) ........................ to Greece, you (see) .........................
beautiful buildings
10.If you (smoke) ................... so much, they (get) ............................ very
ill
11. Would you (buy) ........................ that car if you (can) ......................?
12.I (write) ..................... a novel if I (be) ........................ good at writing
13.She (like) ..................... living in Cuba, if she (be) ................... rich

15.- Termina las frases

1. If I were rich............................................................................
2. If I were the Prime Minister ......................................................
3. If I study at university .............................................................
4. If I found a dog..........................................................................
5. If I were 21 years old ................................................................
6. If I had a job.............................................................................