1

ENVL 2105-002 Portfolio

Tyler Matthews

A summation of field work done during the Spring 2015 semester

Stockton University
101 Vera King Farris Drive
April 29th, 2015

CONTENTS
LIST OF MATERIALS.... 3
LIST OF FIGURES3

SECTION 1: General Ecological Setting of Stockton.4

Stockton Campus Maps..4
Stockton Campus Land Use Pie Chart ..6
Atlantic City Climograph.6
Climograph Locations7
Section 1 Summary.8

SECTION 2: Soil Resources of Stockton.9

Stockton Campus Soil Maps.9
Soil Lab Transect...10
Soil Lab Pit Descriptions11
Section 2 Summary..12

SECTION 3: Water Resources of Stockton...13

Stockton Campus Water Maps13
Atlantic City Evapotranspiration Table..15

Atlantic City PET & Precipitation Chart...16

Water Lab Cross Sections...17
Section 3 Summary..18

List of Figures & Tables

Figure 1) map of Stockton campus with a photobase
Figure 2) campus land use map
Figure 3) campus land use pie chart
Figure 4) Atlantic City NJ climograph
Figure 5) map of climograph locations
Figure 6) map of Stockton campus soil orders
Figure 7) map of Stockton campus soil series
Figure 8) soil transect graph
Figure 9) map of Stockton campus wetlands & water
Figure 10) map of Stockton watershed
Figure 11) Atlantic City NJ PET & precipitation graph
Figure 12) riffle cross section
Figure 13) pool cross section

Table 1) soil pit #1 soil horizon descriptions

Table 2) soil pit #2 soil horizon descriptions
Table 3) Atlantic City monthly average evapotranspiration, precipitation, and
temperature in Co and Fo

SECTION 1: General Ecological Settings of Stockton University

Figure 1. A map of Stocktons campus with basic features labeled

Campus Land Use

Figure 2. Map of Stockton campus land use in 2007 showing 6 different types of land use

Figure 3. Stockton campus land use expressed as a pie chart

Climographs
Figure 4. Atlantic City climograph showing average precipitation & temperature per month

Precip (in)

90

80

70

60

50

40

30

20

10

-10
Jan

Feb Mar Apr May Jun

Jul

Aug Sep

Oct Nov Dec

Month
Precipitation (IN)

Avg Temperature (F)

Temp (f)

Atlantic City Climograph

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Figure 5. Six random climograph locations in the United States plotted via ArcMap, and provides information on
the climates of the world

Section One Summary

South Jersey and Stockton are located in a moist subtropical climate (see figure 5). As such, we
experience a large range of weather patterns and practically year round precipitation due to
lapse rates. Insolation variation is the reason we can have extremely cold winters and
extremely warm summers. Being near the coast also plays a key role, as winds cool the
temperature and oceanic temperature warms or cools depending on the time of year. Being in
a temperate deciduous forest (TDF), the area has a high amount of vegetation. The temperate
deciduous forests of the North Eastern United States are also known for some of the greatest
TDF biodiversity.

SECTION 2: Soil Resources of Stockton

Figure 6. A Stockton campus map providing the soils orders found within the campus boundary

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Legend
Soil_Layer
<all other values>

MUSYM
AtsA
AugB
BerAr
DocB
EveB
GamB
GamkB
HbmB
HboA
LakB
MakAt
MbtB
MumA
PHG
SacA
WATER
WoeA

0 0.15 0.3

0.6

0.9

1.2
Miles

Figure 7. (above) A Stockton campus map showing the many soil series found within the campus boundary

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Soil Lab Data

Transect

Figure 8. A graph representing a 300ft soil transect that was used to determine soil orders

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Pit Soil Horizons

Table 1. Descriptions for the first soil pit our group observed on campus

Horizon
O

Depth
1cm

Boundary
Abrupt

Color
10yr 2/1

Texture
Loamy sand

Structure
Granular

5cm

Clear

10yr 6/1

Loamy sand

30cm

Diffuse

10yr 5/3

Loamy sand

Single
granular
Granular

B1

16cm

Gradual

10yr 6/8

Loamy sand

Blocky

B2

40cm

Gradual

10yr 6/6

Sandy clay
loam

Blocky

Notes
Organic
matter
Top soil
Light
coloring,
grey
Largest
horizon
Largest
horizon

Table 2. Descriptions for the second soil pit observed on campus

Horizon
O

Depth
1cm

Boundary
Gradual

Color
10yr 2/1

Texture
Loamy sand

Structure
Granular

13cm

Clear

10yr 4/1

Loamy sand

Single
grained

27cm

Diffuse

10yr 6/1

Loamy sand

Granular

29cm

Abrupt

10yr 7/8

Loamy sand

Blocky

Notes
Organic
matter
Top soil,
many fine
roots
Light
coloring,
grey
Iron
depletion

Section Two Summary

Referencing figure 6, Stocktons soil order is mainly histisols and ultisols. While performing the
soil transect lab, we came across multiple types of soil, the first being atsion sand at 45ft which
consisted of a single grain, loose sand with many fine roots, an E horizon, and a larger dark B horizon. At
90ft we saw downer loamy sand which consisted of a fine granular structure, with a yellow/brown B
horizon. At 270ft we collected Manahawkin Muck, an extremely black and stick substance formed from
slowly decaying organic matter saturated in water. See tables 1 & 2 for a more in-depth description.
The 5 factors of soil formation are: climate, organisms, relief, parent material, and time. Climate
impacts Stocktons soil by the high amount of moisture and precipitation it receives throughout the
year. The climate also helps preserve a large biodiversity meaning more organisms that will play a role
in soil formation. The occasional change in elevation (relief) plays a large role in developing wetlands.
The parent material influences clay in the soil, and time plays a role in the water cycle, causing erosion.

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SECTION 3: Water Resources of Stockton

Figure 9. A map showing the different wetlands & water found on Stocktons campus

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Figure 10. A map representing Stocktons watershed

Legend
Campus_Boundary
Lake Fred Watersheds

LandUSELakeFredWS
<all other values>

TYPE07
AGRICULTURE
BARREN LAND
FOREST
URBAN
WATER
WETLANDS

0 0.125 0.25

0.5

0.75

1
Miles

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Evapotranspiration

Table 3. A table expressing the average monthly evapotranspiration of Atlantic City, NJ based on average monthly
temperature (Fo) and average monthly precipitation

Month Precip AvgTempFo

Avg TempCo

Jan

3.22

33

0.555555556 0.03591508

9.767204 31

0.004515 8.1788

8.174285

Feb

2.87

35.3

1.833333333 0.218930841 10.73631 28

0.084585 7.2898

7.205215

Mar

4.21

42.2

5.666666667 1.208641496 11.90476 31

1.667753 10.6934

9.025647

Apr

3.63

51.7

10.94444444 3.274151018 13.21845 30

9.050521 9.2202

0.169679

May

3.35

61.1

16.16666667 5.910317696 14.30714 31

26.43203 8.509

-17.923

June

3.11

70.9

21.61111111 9.171925894 14.89702 30

54.39719 7.8994

-46.4978

July

3.72

76.2

24.55555556 11.12874411 14.65595 31

75.72025 9.4488

-66.2715

Aug

4.11

74.4

23.55555556 10.44981851 13.72024 31

63.99339 10.4394

-53.554

Sep

3.15

67.2

19.55555556 7.883924075 12.47262 30

35.61555 8.001

-27.6145

Oct

3.42

56.1

13.38888889 4.442737393 11.2119

31

13.02615 8.6868

-4.33935

Nov

3.27

46.8

8.222222222 2.123503973 10.05774 30

3.407299 8.3058

4.898501

Dec

3.69

37.2

2.888888889 0.435818742 9.452381 31

0.252389 9.3726

9.120211

PET (cm)

p(cm)

diff(cm)

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Figure 11. A graph comparing monthly average evapotranspiration and precipitation for Atlantic City, NJ

Precip (cm)

Atlantic City PET and Precip Chart

90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0

20
10
0
-10
-20
-30
-40
-50
-60
-70

Months
PET

Precip (cm)

Difference

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Cross Sections
Figure 12. A graph representing the shape of the riffle cross section

Figure 13. A graph representing the shape of the pool cross section

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Section Three Summary

Any given water budget follows the formula: INPUT OUTPUT = CHANGE IN STORAGE.
Stocktons inputs consist of stream flow in( Morses Mill & Cedick Run), groundwater in, and
precipitation. Stocktons outputs consist of streamflow out, groundwater out, as well as
evapotranspiration. Most of this water can be found in Stocktons watershed, or it finds its way to the
wetlands via runoff.
Stockton place in the hydrology of the area is like any other, another gear in the system.
Groundwater flows from the Delaware Hudson Atlantic Coastal Watershed (HUC 4) into the MullicaToms Watershed (HUC 8), which leads it to the Nacote Creek Watershed (HUC 12) that Lake Freds
watershed is a part of. It continues to flow until it eventually finds its way into the Atlantic Ocean.