KOM15007:

Jaringan Komputer Lanjut

Semester Ganjil
PTIIK Universitas Brawijaya
http://elearning.ptiik.ub.ac.id

Kuliah Hari ini

Tentang Mata Kuliah ini
Kontrak Perkuliahan

Review tentang Jaringan Komputer

MK: Jaringan Komputer Lanjut

Slide 2

Pustaka
Kurose & Ross, Computer Networking : Top
down Approach, 6th Ed., Pearson/Addison,
2012.
Tanenbaum, Computer Networks, 5th Ed.,
PrenQce, 2010.
Peterson, "Architecture of Network Systems,
Elsevier, 2011.

MK: Jaringan Komputer Lanjut

Slide 3

 Syarat:

Kontrak Perkuliahan

telah mengambil MK Jaringan Komputer

Deskripsi:
... membahas kompleksitas routing pada jaringan
Internet, overlay network, content delivery network,
dan isu-isu terkini pada jaringan komputer.

Tujuan:
memahami secara konsep dan implementasi routing
di Internet beserta batasan-batasannya.

Strategi:
ceramah, presentasi kelompok & diskusi serta
praktik. Praktik dilakukan dalam perkuliahan dan
secara mandiri.
MK: Jaringan Komputer Lanjut

Slide 4

Materi Perkuliahan

Review Jaringan Komputer

IPv6
Algoritma RouQng
Intra-domain RouQng
Inter-domain RouQng
Policy RouQng
Overlay Network
Data Center Networking
Content Delivery Network
MK: Jaringan Komputer Lanjut

Slide 5

Evaluasi & Nilai

Mata Kuliah ini

-

3 SKS

Evaluasi

Keaktifan dalam perkuliahan

Tugas Praktik/Diskusi/Presentasi
UTS
UAS

MK: Jaringan Komputer Lanjut

5%
50%
20%
25%

Slide 6

#0 - The Internet?"

The Internet: Apa itu?"

Temuan yang paling berpengaruh
eksperimen yang berawal dari lab
menjadi sebuah sarana komunikasi global

Bahkan lebih luas lagi

Hari ini: 2.4 Milyar pengguna (hingga Juni 2012)
Esok: lebih banyak pengguna, komputer, sensor

Inovasi tiada henti

Apps: Web, P2P, social networks, virtual worlds
Links: optics, WiFi, cellular, WiMax, LTE, ...
MK: Jaringan Komputer Lanjut

Slide 8

Telah merubah banyak hal!!!"

The ways we do business
E-commerce, advertising, cloud computing, ...

The way we have relationships

E-mail, IM, Facebook friends, virtual worlds

How we think about law

Interstate commerce? National boundaries?

The way we govern

E-voting and e-government
Censorship and wiretapping

The way we fight

Cyber-attacks, including nation-state attacks
MK: Jaringan Komputer Lanjut

Slide 9

Whats the Internet: nuts and bolts view

PC
server

wireless
laptop
smartphone

mobile network

millions of connected
computing devices:
hosts = end systems
running network apps

global ISP

home
network

communication
wireless
links
wired
links

links
fiber, copper, radio,
satellite
transmission rate:
bandwidth

Packet
router

switches: forward
packets (chunks of data)
routers and switches

regional ISP

institutional
network

MK: Jaringan Komputer Lanjut

Slide 10

A closer look at network structure:

network edge:
hosts: clients and servers
servers often in data

mobile network

access networks, physical

media: wired, wireless
communication links

home
network

global ISP

centers

network core:
interconnected routers
network of networks

regional ISP

institutional
network

MK: Jaringan Komputer Lanjut

Slide 11

Internet structure: network of networks

Tier 1 ISP

Tier 1 ISP

IXP

IXP
Regional ISP

access
ISP

access
ISP

Google

access
ISP

IXP

Regional ISP

access
ISP

access
ISP

access
ISP

access
ISP

at center: small # of well-connected large networks

access
ISP

tier-1 commercial ISPs (e.g., Level 3, Sprint, AT&T, NTT), national &
international coverage
content provider network (e.g, Google): private network that connects it
data centers to Internet, often bypassing tier-1, regional ISPs
MK: Jaringan Komputer Lanjut

Slide 12

#0.5 But, What is

Networking?"

Protocol Acronyms: too much?"

SNMP!

SIP!

WAP!

LLDP!

FTP!

OSPF!

RTP!

PPP!

ICMP!
HTTP!

RED!
IP!

RIP!
SMTP!

IMAP!

TLS!

SACK!
VLAN!

LISP!

RTCP!
CIDR!

NAT!

SSH!

DNS!

IGMP!

TCP!
BFD!

RTSP!

HIP!

ECN!

ARP!

MPLS!

NNTP!

POP!

MAC!

UDP!

BGP!

PIM!

IPX!

VTP!

MK: Jaringan Komputer Lanjut

STUN!
DHCP!

TFTP!

LDP!

Slide 14

A Heap of Header Formats?"

MK: Jaringan Komputer Lanjut

Slide 15

A Big Bunch of Boxes?"

Router!

Label!
Switched!
Router!

Gateway!

Load!
balancer!

Intrusion!
Detection!
System!

Deep!
Packet!
Inspection!

WAN!
accelerator!

Internet Access!
Repeater!
Manager!
Bridge!
Route!
Reflector!
DHCP!
server!

Firewall!
NAT!

Switch!

Hub!
DNS!
server!

Packet!
shaper!

Packet!
sniffer!
Access !
Point!

MK: Jaringan Komputer Lanjut

Proxy!
Slide 16

A Ton of Tools?"
arpwatch!

tcpdump!

syslog!

wget!

nslookup!

traceroute!

nagios!

snort!
nmap!
whois!
rancid!

ntop!

net-snmp!

dig!

ipconfig!

iptraf!

ping!

iperf!
wireshark!

NDT!
dummynet!

MK: Jaringan Komputer Lanjut

mrtg!
Slide 17

#1 - Reviews of Computer
Networks
- materi kuliah hari ini ilustrasi sebuah permintaan laman
web

Synthesis: a day in the life of a web request

journey down protocol stack complete!
application, transport, network, link

putting-it-all-together: synthesis!
goal: identify, review, understand protocols (at
all layers) involved in seemingly simple scenario:
requesting www page
scenario: student attaches laptop to campus
network, requests/receives www.google.com

MK: Jaringan Komputer Lanjut

Slide 19

A day in the life: scenario

DNS server

browser

Comcast network
68.80.0.0/13

school network
68.80.2.0/24
web page

web server
64.233.169.105

Googles network
64.233.160.0/19

MK: Jaringan Komputer Lanjut

Slide 20

A day in the life connecting to the Internet

DHCP
UDP
IP
Eth
Phy

DHCP
DHCP
DHCP
DHCP

connecting laptop needs to get

its own IP address, addr of
first-hop router, addr of DNS
server: use DHCP

DHCP

DHCP
DHCP
DHCP
DHCP

DHCP
UDP
IP
Eth
Phy

router
(runs DHCP)

DHCP request encapsulated

in UDP, encapsulated in IP,
encapsulated in 802.3
Ethernet
Ethernet frame broadcast
(dest: FFFFFFFFFFFF) on LAN,
received at router running
DHCP server
Ethernet demuxed to IP
demuxed, UDP demuxed to
DHCP

MK: Jaringan Komputer Lanjut

Slide 21

A day in the life connecting to the Internet

DHCP
UDP
IP
Eth
Phy

DHCP
DHCP
DHCP
DHCP

DHCP
DHCP
DHCP
DHCP
DHCP

DHCP
UDP
IP
Eth
Phy

router
(runs DHCP)

DHCP server formulates

DHCP ACK containing
clients IP address, IP
address of first-hop router
for client, name & IP
address of DNS server
encapsulation at DHCP
server, frame forwarded
(switch learning) through
LAN, demultiplexing at
client
DHCP client receives
DHCP ACK reply

Client now has IP address, knows name & addr of DNS

server, IP address of its first-hop router
MK: Jaringan Komputer Lanjut

Slide 22

A day in the life ARP (before DNS, before HTTP)

DNS
DNS
DNS
ARP query

before sending HTTP request, need

IP address of www.google.com:
DNS
DNS query created, encapsulated in
UDP, encapsulated in IP,
encapsulated in Eth. To send frame
to router, need MAC address of
router interface: ARP

DNS
UDP
IP
ARP
Eth
Phy

ARP
ARP reply

Eth
Phy
router
(runs DHCP)

ARP query broadcast, received by

router, which replies with ARP
reply giving MAC address of
router interface
client now knows MAC address
of first hop router, so can now
send frame containing DNS
query

MK: Jaringan Komputer Lanjut

Slide 23

A day in the life using DNS

DNS
DNS
DNS
DNS
DNS

DNS

DNS
UDP
IP
Eth
Phy

DNS
DNS

DNS

DNS server

Comcast network
68.80.0.0/13

IP datagram forwarded from

campus network into Comcast
network, routed (tables created
by RIP, OSPF, IS-IS and/or BGP
rouQng protocols) to DNS server

demuxed to DNS server

DNS server replies to client
with IP address of
www.google.com

router
(runs DHCP)

DNS
UDP
IP
Eth
Phy

IP datagram containing DNS

query forwarded via LAN
switch from client to 1st hop
router

MK: Jaringan Komputer Lanjut

Slide 24

A day in the lifeTCP connection carrying HTTP

HTTP

HTTP
TCP
IP
Eth
Phy

SYNACK
SYN
SYNACK
SYN
SYNACK
SYN

SYNACK
SYN
SYNACK
SYN
SYNACK
SYN

TCP
IP
Eth
Phy

web server
64.233.169.105

router
(runs DHCP)

to send HTTP request,

client first opens TCP
socket to web server
TCP SYN segment (step 1 in 3way handshake) inter-domain
routed to web server
web server responds with TCP
SYNACK (step 2 in 3-way
handshake)
TCP connection established!

MK: Jaringan Komputer Lanjut

Slide 25

A day in the life HTTP request/reply

HTTP
HTTP

HTTP
TCP
IP
Eth
Phy

HTTP
HTTP
HTTP
HTTP
HTTP
HTTP

web page finally (!!!) displayed

HTTP
HTTP
HTTP
HTTP

HTTP
TCP
IP
Eth
Phy

web server
64.233.169.105

router
(runs DHCP)

HTTP request sent into

TCP socket
IP datagram containing HTTP
request routed to
www.google.com
web server responds with
HTTP reply (containing web
page)
IP datagram containing HTTP
reply routed back to client

MK: Jaringan Komputer Lanjut

Slide 26

Bertanyalah, sebelum anda ditanya!

Ada pertanyaan?

END OF LECTURE #1

MK: Jaringan Komputer Lanjut

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