Life stage/
age group
Infants, mo
0-5
6 - 11
Children, yr
1-2
3-5
6-9
10 - 12
13 - 15
16 - 18
Adults, yr
19 - 29
30 - 49
50 - 59
60 - 69
70
Pregnant
Lactating
*For
Weight
(kg)
Energy
(kcal)
6.5
9.0
6.0
8.0
620
720
560
630
12.0
17.5
23.0
33.0
48.5
59.0
11.5
17.0
22.5
36.0
46.0
51.5
1000
1350
1600
2060
2700
3010
920
1260
1470
1980
2170
2280
60.5
60.5
60.5
60.5
60.5
52.5
52.5
52.5
52.5
52.5
2530
2420
2420
2140
1960
1930
1870
1870
1610
1540
+300*
+500
Life stage/
age group
Infants, mo
0-5
6 - 11
Children, yr
1-2
3 - 18
Adults, yr
19
Range (% of Energy)
Protein
Total Fat
Carbohydrate*
5
815
4060
3040
3555
4562
615
615
2535
1530
5069
5579
1015
1530
5575
2015 Food and Nutrition Research Institute, Department of Science and Technology. All rights reserved.
Weight
(kg)
M
F
Energy
(kcal)
M
F
Protein
(g)
M
F
Water
(mL)
M
6.5
9.0
6.0
8.0
620
720
560
630
9
17
8
15
0.5
0.5
4.5
4.5
680
890
560
630
12.0
17.5
23.0
33.0
48.5
59.0
11.5
17.0
22.5
36.0
46.0
51.5
1000
1350
1600
2060
2700
3010
920
1260
1470
1980
2170
2280
18
22
30
43
62
73
17
21
29
46
57
61
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
3.0
2.0
2.0
2.0
2.0
2.0
67
810
1114
1517
1820
2023
1000
1350
1600
2060
2700
3010
920
1260
1470
1980
2170
2280
60.5
60.5
60.5
60.5
60.5
52.5
52.5
52.5
52.5
52.5
2530
2420
2420
2140
1960
1930
1870
1870
1610
1540
+300*
+500
71
71
71
71
71
62
62
62
62
62
+25
+27
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
2.0
2.0
2.0
2.0
2.0
2025
2025
2025
2025
2025
2530
2420
2420
2140
1960
1930
1870
1870
1610
1540
+300
+500
2015 Food and Nutrition Research Institute, Department of Science and Technology. All rights reserved.
Weight
(kg)
M
F
Vitamin Aa
(g RE)
M
F
Vitamin Db
(g)
M
F
Vitamin Ec Vitamin K
(mg -TE)
(g)
M
F
M
F
Thiamin
(mg)
M
F
Riboflavin
(mg)
M
F
Niacind
(mg NE)
M
F
Vitamin B6
(mg)
M
F
Vitamin B12
(g)
M
F
Folatee
(g DFE)
M
F
Vitamin C
(mg)
M
F
6.5
9.0
6.0
8.0
380
400
380
400
5
5
5
5
3
4
3
4
7
9
6
8
0.2
0.4
0.2
0.3
0.3
0.4
0.3
0.3
1
5
1
5
0.1
0.2
0.1
0.3
0.3
0.4
0.3
0.4
65
80
65
70
30
40
30
40
12.0
17.5
23.0
33.0
48.5
59.0
11.5
17.0
22.5
36.0
46.0
51.5
400
400
400
500
700
800
400
400
400
500
500
600
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
4
5
6
7
10
11
4
5
6
9
9
10
12
18
23
33
49
59
12
17
23
36
46
52
0.5
0.5
0.7
0.9
1.2
1.4
0.4
0.5
0.7
0.9
1.0
1.1
0.5
0.6
0.7
1.0
1.3
1.5
0.4
0.5
0.7
0.9
1.0
1.1
6
7
9
11
15
18
6
7
9
12
13
14
0.5
0.6
0.7
1.0
1.3
1.5
0.5
0.7
0.8
1.1
1.2
1.3
0.9
1.1
1.3
1.8
2.3
2.7
1.0
1.2
1.5
2.1
2.2
2.4
150
200
300
300
400
400
150
200
300
300
400
400
45
45
45
45
60
70
45
45
45
45
55
60
60.5
60.5
60.5
60.5
60.5
52.5
52.5
52.5
52.5
52.5
700
700
700
700
700
600
600
600
600
600
+300
+400
5
5
10
15
15
5
5
10
15
15
+0
+0
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
+0
+4
61
61
61
61
61
53
53
53
53
53
+0
+0
1.2
1.2
1.2
1.2
1.2
1.1
1.1
1.1
1.1
1.1
+0.3
+0.2
1.3
1.3
1.3
1.3
1.3
1.1
1.1
1.1
1.1
1.1
+0.7
+0.6
16
16
16
16
16
14
14
14
14
14
+4
+4
1.3
1.3
1.7
1.7
1.7
1.3
1.3
1.6
1.6
1.6
+0.5
+0.6
2.4
2.4
2.4
2.4
2.4
2.4
2.4
2.4
2.4
2.4
+0.2
+0.4
400
400
400
400
400
400
400
400
400
400
+200
+150
70
70
70
70
70
60
60
60
60
60
+10
+35
NOTE: Recommended Nutrient Intakes (RNI) are in bold font, while Adequate Intakes (AI) are in italics.
a 1 retinol equivalent (RE) = 1 g retinol = 12 g -carotene or 24 g other provitamin A carotenoids;1 g RE = 3.33 IU vitamin A
b In the absence of adequate exposure to sunlight, as calciferol; 1 g calciferol = 40 IU vitamin D
c 1 mg alpha-tocopherol equivalent (-TE) = 1.49 IU natural form or 2.22 IU synthetic form
d As niacin equivalent (NE)
e 1 dietary folate equivalent (DFE) = 1 g food folate = 0.6 g folic acid from fortified foods or as supplement = 0.5 g taken on an empty stomach
2015 Food and Nutrition Research Institute, Department of Science and Technology. All rights reserved.
Weight
(kg)
Iron
(mg)
Zinc
(mg)
Selenium
(g)
0-5
6.5
6.0
0.4
0.4
2.1
6 - 11
9.0
8.0
10
4.2
1-2
12.0 11.5
3-5
17.5 17.0
6-9
23.0 22.5
10
10 - 12
33.0 36.0
13 - 15
16 - 18
Iodine
(g)
Calcium
(mg)
Magnesium Phosphorus
(mg)
(mg)
M
Fluoride
(mg)
M
Sodium
(mg)
Electrolytes
Chloride Potassium
(mg)
(mg)
2.1
90
90
200
200
26
26
90
90
0.01 0.01
120
180
500
3.7
10
90
90
400
400
50
50
275
275
0.5
0.4
200
300
700
4.1
4.0
17
16
90
90
500
500
60
60
460
460
0.6
0.6
225
350
1000
5.0
4.8
20
20
90
90
550
550
70
70
500
500
0.9
0.9
300
500
1400
5.1
5.0
20
19
120
120
700
700
90
90
500
500
1.2
1.1
400
600
1600
12
20
6.6
6.1
21
23
120
1.7
1.8
500
750
2000
48.5 46.0
19
(28)
9.2
7.4
30
29
150
2.4
2.3
500
750
2000
59.0 51.5
14
(28)
9.0
7.2
37
32
150
3.0
2.6
500
750
2000
19 - 29
60.5 52.5
12
(28)
6.5
4.6
38
33
150
150
750
750
240
210
700
700
3.0
2.6
500
750
2000
30 - 49
60.5 52.5
12
(28)
6.5
4.6
38
33
150
150
750
750
240
210
700
700
3.0
2.6
500
750
2000
50 - 59
60.5 52.5
12
10
6.5
4.6
38
33
150
150
750
800
240
210
700
700
3.0
2.6
500
750
2000
60 - 69
60.5 52.5
12
10
6.5
4.6
38
33
150
150
800
800
240
210
700
700
3.0
2.6
500
750
2000
70
60.5 52.5
12
10
6.5
4.6
38
33
150
150
800
800
240
210
700
700
3.0
2.6
500
750
2000
Infants, mo
Children, yr
Adults, yr
Pregnant
(+10)
+5.1
+4
+100
+50
+0
+0
+0
Lactating
+2
+6.7
+9
+100
+0
+50
+0
+0
NOTE: Recommended Nutrient Intakes (RNI) are in bold font, while Adequate Intakes (AI) are in italics.
( ) Requirements cannot be met by usual diet alone. Intake of iron-rich and iron-fortified foods and the use of supplements are
recommended, if necessary.
2015 Food and Nutrition Research Institute, Department of Science and Technology. All rights reserved.
Protein
(g)
M
F
Iron
(mg)
M
F
Zinc
(mg)
M F
Selenium Iodine
(g)
(g)
M
F M F
Calcium Phosphorus
(mg)
(mg)
M
F
M
F
Infants, mo
0-5
5.5
5.1
6 - 11
14
13
190
0.3
8.4
7.3
1-2
15
14
193
0.4
0.4
0.5
0.8
12
11
6.4
380
380
3-5
18
17
226
0.4
0.5
0.5
0.9
17
17
7.5
405
405
6-9
24
24
278
0.5
0.6
0.7
1.1
23
22
8.6
405
405
10 - 12
35
34
364
0.8
9 10 0.8
1.0
1.5
33
36 10.2 16.5 4.4 4.1 16.5 18.0 73 73 440 440 1055 1055
13 - 15
50
46
483
0.8 12 10 1.1
1.0
1.9
48
45 18.1 16.5 6.1 4.9 24.3 23.0 95 95 440 440 1055 1055
16 - 18
59
49
563
0.9 14 11 1.2
1.1
2.3
58
51 12.2 16.2 6.0 4.8 29.5 25.8 95 95 440 440 1055 1055
19 - 29
57
49
499
0.9 12 11 1.1
1.1
2.0
60
580
580
30 - 49
57
49
499
0.9 12 11 1.1
1.1
2.0
60
580
580
50 - 59
57
49
499
0.9 12 11 1.4
1.3
2.0
60
580
580
60 - 69
57
49
499
0.9 12 11 1.4
1.3
2.0
60
580
580
70
57
49
499
0.9 12 11 1.4
1.3
2.0
60
580
580
Children, yr
Adults, yr
Pregnant
71
1.2
1.4
14
1.6
2.2
520
30.3
30.3
160
580
Lactating
71
1.1
1.3
14
1.7
2.4
450
25.0
35.3
209
580
1 retinol equivalent (RE) = 1 g retinol = 12 g -carotene or 24 g other provitamin A carotenoids; 1 g RE = 3.33 IU vitamin A
b As niacin equivalent (NE)
c 1 dietary folate equivalent (DFE) = 1 g food folate = 0.6 g folic acid from fortified foods or as supplement = 0.5 g taken on an empty stomach
2015 Food and Nutrition Research Institute, Department of Science and Technology. All rights reserved.
0-5
6 - 11
600
600
25
25
600
600
900
900
1700
1700
1700
2800
2800
50
50
50
50
50
50
50
50
50
200
200
300
300
600
600
600
800
800
10
10
15
15
20
20
20
30
30
30
30
40
40
60
60
60
80
80
300
300
400
400
600
600
600
800
800
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
50
50
50
50
50
1000d
1000d
1000d
1000d
1000d
35
35
35
35
35
100
100
100
100
100
2800
3000
50
50
800
1000d
30
35
80
100
40
40
4
5
45
60
0.7
0.9
400
400
650
650
1200
1200
1200
1800
1800
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
45
45
7
7
12
12
23
23
23
34
34
90
90
150
150
280
280
280
400
400
200
200
300
300
600
600
600
900
900
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
2500
65
65
110
110
110
350
350
350
350
3000
3000
3000
3000
4000
4000
4000
4000
4000
1.3
1.3
2.2
2.2
10.0
10.0
10.0
10.0
10.0
1000
1000
1000
1000
1000
1000
1000
1000
1000
1000
45
45
45
45
45
45
45
45
45
45
400
400
400
400
400
1100
1100
1100
1100
1100
3000
3000
3000
3000
2700
350
350
350
350
350
4000
4000
4000
4000
3000
10.0
10.0
10.0
10.0
10.0
800
1000
1800
2000
45
45
34
40
400
400
900
1000
2500
2500
350
350
10.0
10.0
Children, yr
1-2
3
4-5
6-8
9
10 - 12
13
14 - 15
16 - 18
Adults, yr
19 - 29
30 - 49
50 - 59
60 - 70
> 70
Pregnant/Lactating, yr
14 - 18
19
NOTE: Adapted from WHO/FAO Guidelines on Food Fortification with Micronutrients (WHO/FAO, 2006); however, WHO/FAO have only recommended ULs for vitamins A, niacin,
B6, C, D and E, calcium, selenium and zinc for adults. The remaining values are those recommended by IOM-FNB.
a As preformed vitamin A only; 1 g RE = 3.33 IU vitamin A
b The ULs for vitamin E, niacin, folate and calcium apply to synthetic forms obtained from supplements and/or fortified foods; for magnesium, the UL applies to pharmacologic
agent and does not include intake from food and water.
c Not possible to establish due to lack of data of adverse effects in this age group; source of intake should be from food only to prevent high levels of intake.
d More recent evidences suggested lower ULs: <1000 mg/d -TE (Horwitt, 2001); 300 mg/d -TE (NHMRC, 2005; EFSA, 2006).
e
UL for phosphorus for pregnant and lactating women 14-50 years were 3,500 and 4,000 mg, respectively.
2015 Food and Nutrition Research Institute, Department of Science and Technology. All rights reserved.
Additional Recommendations
Dietary Component
Recommendation
Free sugars
Limit intake to <10% of total energy in children and adultsa
Sodium
Limit intake to <2 g in adultsb,d
Potassium
Increase intake to 3,510 mg in adultsc,d
Sources:
a WHO Guideline on Sugars Intake for Adults and Children (2015); free sugars refer to all monosaccharides
and disaccharides added to foods and drinks by the manufacturer, cook or consumer, including sugars
naturally present in honey, syrups, fruit juices and fruit concentrates
b WHO Guideline on Sodium Intake for Adults and Children (2012)
c WHO Guideline on Potassium Intake for Adults and Children (2012)
d The recommendation for children is extrapolated from adults based on energy requirement:
Recommended Energy Intakechildren
Recommendation for children = Recommendation for adults (
)
Recommended Energy Intakeadults
2015 Food and Nutrition Research Institute, Department of Science and Technology. All rights reserved.