STAT 134 Concepts of Probability

Homework 4 Solutions
Exercise 2.5.6
a)
36
13


52 .
13

P (no court cards) =

b)

P (at least one ace no other court cards)

P4
=
i=1 P (i aces, no other court cards)
36
P4 (4i )(13i
)
.
=
52
i=1
(13)
or
P (at least one ace no other court cards)
= P (no non-ace court cards) P (no court cards)
(40) (36
)
= 13
13
52 .
(52
)
(
13
13)
c)
P (at most one kind of court cards)
= P (no court card) + P (exactly one kind of court card)
(40)
(40
(36
13)
13)
= 13
52 + 4 ( 52 52 ).
(13)
(13) (13)
Review 2.12
a)

4

P (one pair) =

13
1

4
3

12
2

3
52
5

= 0.423.

b)
P (150th one-pair on or after the 400th deal)
= P (at most
149 one-pairs in the first 399 deals)
P149 399
=
(0.423)i (1 0.423)399i .
i=0
i
c)
p
By normal estimation with = 3990.423 = 168.78 and = 399 0.423 (1 0.423) =
9.87, the desired probability is approximately ( 149.5168.78
) = 0.0256.
9.87
Review 2.16
a)
48
4


52 .
8

P (4 aces) =
b)

P (4 aces and 4 kings) =

.

52
8

c)
13
1

48
4

P (4 of a kind) =

52
8

13
2


52 .
8

(Note: the reason for the substraction is that we double count the case 4 of two kinds.)
Review 2.32




There are 52
h card hands possible. Of these, 41 13
are flushes. There are (13 h + 1)
h
h
cards that a straight of length h can start on, and for each card in the sequence there are
four possible suits to choose from, giving a total of (13 h + 1)4h possible straights. Hence:



4 13
(13 h + 1)4h


.
P (flush) = 1 52
h and P (straight) =
52
h

For h = 1, 41 13
= (13
h + 1)4h ; so a flush and a straight are equally likely.
h



For 2 h 4, 41
13
> (13 h + 1)4h ; thus a flush is more likely than a straight.
h

For 5 h 13, 41 13
< (13 h + 1)4h and a straight is more likely.
h
Exercise 3.1.6
a)
X
Y
0
1
2

0
1/8
1/8
0

1
2
1/8 0
2/8 1/8
1/8 1/8

b) X and Y are not independent: P (X = 2, Y = 0) = 0 6= (1/4)(1/4) = P (X = 2)P (Y = 0).

c)
z

0
1/8

P (X + Y = z)

1
2/8

2
2/8

3
2/8

4
1/8

Exercise 3.1.8
a)
1

P (X = x)

2
5

32
54

322
543

321
543

3
2 35 42 13

x
b)
P (Y = y)

2
21
54

4
3

3221
5432

5
4 35 24 31

e be the number of cards until the first card when dealing from the bottom of the
c) Let X
e has the same distribution as X, and Y = 5 (X
e 1) = 6 X.
e Thus
deck. Then X
e = y) = P (X
e = 6 y) = P (X = 6 y).
P (Y = y) = P (6 X
Exercise 3.1.10
a) Sn is distributed as Binomial(n, p) since it is the sum of n independent Bernoulli trials.
b) Tm is distributed as Binomial(m, p) since it is the sum of m independent Bernoulli trials.
c) Sn + Tm is distributed as Binomial(n + m, p) since it is the sum of n + m independent
Bernoulli trials.
d) Yes, they are independent since functions of disjoint blocks of independent random variables are independent.
Exercise 3.1.18
a) Let Xi denote the number of spots of the ith die for i = 1, 2, 3. Then Z = X1 + X2 + X3
is symmetric about its mean E(Z) = 3 3.5 = 10.5. Thus P (Z 11) = P (Z 10) and so
P (Z 11) =
P1/2.
b) Let Y = 5i=1 Xi . Y is symmetric about 5 3.5 = 17.5. Hence P (Y 18) = P (Y 17)
and so P (Y 18) = 1/2. Therefore m = 18.