Site Visit Report

School of Architecture, Building & Design

Bachelor of Quantity Surveyor
Integrated Assignment:
Measurement I (QSB 60104) (SR Ang Fuey Lin)
Construction Technology (BLD 60104) (Ms Azrina
Binti Md Yaakob)
Building Materials (BLD 62003) (Dr Aishah Binti
Kamarazaly)
Name: Melvin Tan Teng Hung
Student ID: 0324938

Content

Introduction

Objective

Photo & Description

Conclusion

3-18

19

Introduction
In this assignment, we had to visit a site on the 22nd November 2016. We
had to wear appropriate attire such as long pants and the collar shirt that the
whole class made. We were given our own safety helmet by the project manager
there once we arrived.
The site was named Taman Impian Murni and it was located Taman
Impian Murni (Lot 3607), Jalan Tanjung Balai (Lorong Haji Yusof) Seksyen 30,
40460 Shah Alam, Selangor. This project is built on a Malay Reserved land
which can be chosen from either a double or triple storey terrace house.
The project owner is Purcon Sdn.Bhd and that this project will likely to
finish during the October of next year. The whole project cost around 11 million
and that it consists of 60 double storey terrace and only 2 triple storey terrace. It
cost around RM 580,000 for a double storey terrace and RM750,000 for the
triple storey terrace. It cost around RM250,000 for them to build a single double
storey terrace.
We were accompanied by our lecturers Miss Aishah Binti Kamarazaly
and Miss Azrina Binti Md Yaakob and there were three person which was the
project manager, site manager and the general manager. They were the one who
brought us along the whole site and explained every detail of the site for us as
they gave us a tour.

Land title
Tenure
Expected time of completion
Units

Residential
Malay Reserved Freehold
October 2017
43

Objective of the Assignment

- Understand the basics of the construction process
- Witness the usage of the construction equipment on site including
mechanical plants
- Explore and identify various types of building materials and technology
on site.
- Awareness of the importance of safety on site
- Understanding of safety problems and site condition
- Exposure to actual working environment on site including uncertainty
circumstances such as the weather
- To experience firsthand the experience and exposure of the actual
working experience and environment on site
- Have a close-up view of the building structure as opposed to see in the
drawings

Content and Technical Observation

Once we arrived to the site, there were vertical hording surrounding the
site and fencing the site. This acts as a barrier so that anyone unauthorized to
enter from entering it, and there were also safety signs before entering the site
where it is a dangerous area and that safety is vital in the construction site.
The workers also had safety gears on such as safety helmets, rubber
gloves and boots, which may enable the flow of work to go on smoother
without any accidents.
Just after entering the site, I noticed that there was a temporary
accommodation for workers to stay and have a rest there to enable them to
finish the job faster.

Safety Signs

Hording

Once we started out tour guided by the construction manager, where he

explained more about the site to us. There were also different stages of
construction where the show room unit is done first so that clients may be able
to see the unit before it is done and that there were some that only completed the
ground floor. There were many temporary works too such as scaffolding,
formwork and etc.

Scafolding

Raft piling foundation

Many piled foundations consists of a number of relatively small-diameter
piles and they require a practical driving tolerance. Pile caps or capping beams
are required to accommodate this tolerance and to pick up varying widths of
super-structure elements. In some situations, where large-diameter piles are
used, pile caps or beams are unnecessary.
However, this is the minority case. The caps consists of concrete pads or
beams constructed at the head of the piles to provide the connection between the
pile and super-structure.
In addition to transferring the vertical load from the super-structure to the
foundation, there is often a need to provide lateral restraint to the tops of the
piles, particularly where less than three piles are provided. For small low-rise
developments (single or double storey construction) the amount of restraint
required to the tops of the piles can be provided by the use of the ground floor
slab or a lightweight raft foundation.

The mesh fabric reinforcement (BRC) and also the reinforcement bar in the slab
are not joined together with the ground beam. The concrete used in this
foundation is Concrete Grade 25. This type of foundation is economical because
lesser pile is used.

Concrete Frame Structure

Suspended
Floor Slab

Column

Attached
Beam

The concrete frame structure are commonly used in modern building. They
consist of a frame or a skeleton of concrete horizontal members called beams,
whereas the vertical members are called columns. The flat surface are called
slab where people usually walk on. The column act as its primary load-carrying
elements of the building so it is the most important. If somehow u damage the
beam in a building, it can affect the floor damaged or even the top floor but if
you damage the column, it can bring down the whole building.
The concrete frame building is made from concrete and that various structure of
the site are also made of concrete. The selected foundation is pile foundation,
since we were unable to see the real foundation underneath the soil because it
was already completed once we got there.
The structures are supported by piling and strip foundation which act as cap for
pile cap and ground beam which is mentioned above. The soil on the site is soft
soil hence using pile and strip foundation.
Formwork is what they call in the construction site a temporary or permanent
mold where concrete is poured into. In the context of concrete construction, the
falsework support the shuttering molds.

Upstand beam
There is another type of beam which is called the upstand beam and that
it is very different from the beam mentioned above. An upstand beam is a beam
projecting from above the concrete floor rather than hidden beneath it, the depth
exceed the slab. In this project Impian Murni, the upstand beam is used in the
toilet and is built for the drainage system so that the water would not overflow
the whole floor. A drop is used to enable the flow of water to floor traps in
this site.

DROP

Isolated beam
An isolated beam is a beam which is not attached to the floor slab, and it is able
to stand alone. This type of beams are usually located or used on the top floor or
as the roof beam.

Isolated beam

Non-suspended slab
Suspended slab are slabs that does not have a direct contact with the ground.
They form roofs or floors above ground level. Suspended slabs are grounded
into two ways which are the one way slab and the two way slabs. One way slabs
support on the two sides whereas the two way slabs are supported on all four
sides.

This is a special method where the non-suspended slab is used but the slab is on
top of the beam and the height of the ground beam is not included in the slab.
Whereas the BRC and bar of the slab and beam are not joining together, this is a
special method used where it is usually used to avoid settlement due to the type
of soil such as soft soil.

Starter Bar
Starter bar are a very common thing to use in the construction site because it has
various uses which can help ease the work. Starter bar are used as a tension
device in reinforced concrete and reinforced masonry structure and also to hold
the concrete in tension.

Starter bar is used to strengthen and hold the concrete in tension. The starter bar
used in the column is so that it can last longer because it can strengthen it.

Starter bar can also be used to support a specific level like the ground floor
because it can withstand the pressure on the ground floor.

It can also be used to help construct the way up to the staircase.

Ground beam
The ground beams and upper floor beams varies from their depth and thickness
of each beam and this beams are connected to the column. The ground beam is
tied up at the end of a column and lies between two columns, the ground beam
is then able to be used as supporting walls and joints.

Ground beam

Materials

The main materials used to construct the concrete frame structure is

concrete, but to be exact is reinforced concrete Grade 25. To make the structure,
the formwork has to be done to act as a mold to pour the concrete in to give it
the shape.

Timber formwork is used as it is important that the formwork has to be in

good condition or else it will cause leakage and or honeycombing to the
concrete.

Timber Formwork

The reinforcement bars are tied together to form the column and the beam so
before the concrete is poured into which can be used to construct beam, column
and slabs, whereas the floors are made from mesh fabric reinforcement (BRC)

Mesh
Reinforcement
bar (BRC)

Reinforcement
bar

Photo & Description

Skim

Skim coating is a texturing technique used to make a wall smooth. If there is an

imperfect taping job, the drywaller would usually use this technique to hide it
and to give the wall a plaster-like appearance and smoothen the surface. Skim
coating are usually used or recommended for areas with a bright or critical
lighting. It shows a lot when the wall is plastered and when it is not, the wall
surface on the left is not skimmed, whereas the right side is skimmed. It can be
used even without paint and that it is considered cheap.

Lintol
Lintol are used on the sides and top of and opening door frame. If the lintol is
not present, if there is a load acting on the door frame, the frame will be
damaged or bend. This also applies to frames that has an opening such as the
window frame.

Lintol

Sand brick & Clay bricks

Walls of sand brick and clay bricks

Bricks is also one of the main component to construct in a residential area such
as in the picture where there is a combination of clay and sand bricks. Clay
bricks may somewhat vary from sand bricks because clay bricks have a better
fire resistant compared to sand bricks. This is to ensure that it will slow down
the burning speed of the neighbouring houses if there was ever a fire and these
are mostly used on walls that are connected to neighbouring walls.

Roofing

Plumbing system of the house which consist of the drainage pipe, cold water
pipe, hot water pipe and vent pipe.

Large amount of mansory cement are stacked properly

Wires cover in pvc pipe so that people will not hack the wire directly

Conclusion
It was a great experience and that I am grateful that I was able to be given
the chance to experience the life in the construction site while realising that it is
more difficult than expected. I was able to gain knowledge and experience while
on this site visit.
This is an experience that could not be taught or learned through lectures
or even tutorial but through experience. This allow me to acknowledge the
danger in the construction site. I gained a lot of knowledge about the basic uses
of the construction process, experience of actual working space and different
building materials. This is an eye opener which allows me to have more
practical experience when going out to work in the future. It is also much easier
to understand and apply through the construction site because we were able to
see it first-hand about the process and how it is being used.
Lastly, I think that this site visit makes me understand more about
the construction site and to gain experience in the construction field to get used
to it. This helped me to understand more about the construction site and to be
more careful in the site. I hope there will be more site visit because this will
benefit me in the future.