Contents List of Figures Series Foreword 1 The Semantic Web Vision LL 12 13 14 15 Introduction . . oe Semantic Web Technologies - A Layered Approach Book Overview . Summary. 2 Describing Web Resources: RDF 24 22 23 24 25 26 2H 28 29 Introduction ae RDF: Data Model. RDF Syntaxes . RDFS: Adding Semantics RDF Schema: The Language . . . . RDF and RDF Schema in RDF Schema ‘An Axiomatic Semantics for RDF and RDF Schema A Direct Inference System for RDF and RDFS ‘Summary 3° Querying the Semantic Web 3. 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 SPARQL Infrastructure. Basics: Matching Patterns Fillets 0... eee eee eee Constructs for Dealing with an Open World Organizing Result Sets, A Other Forms of SPARQL Queries Querying Schemas. Adding Information with SPARQL Update ‘The Follow Your Nose Principle 3.10 Summary vii xiii 16 19 20 23 23, 25 31 40 31 55 62 63 Cc) 70 70 5 8. 80 82 83 85 87 87CONTENTS: 4 Web Ontology Language: OWL2 1 4.1. Introduction , 1 4.2. Requirements for Ontology Languages 2 4.3. Compatibility of OWL2 with RDF/RDFS . . 7 44 The OWL Language : eee eee 100 4.5 OWL? Profiles . . 123 46 Summary . . . - eves 1S 5. Logic and Inference: Rules 131 5.1 Introduction « . BI 5.2 Example of Monotonic Rules: Family Relationships. 137 5.3 Monotonic Rules: Syntax . . 2 138: 5.4 Monotonic Rules: Semantics . M1 55 OWL2RL: Description Logic Meets Rules - 145 5.6 Rule Interchange Format: RIF a eves MB 5.7 Semantic Web Rules Language (SWRL) ... . - - a. 155: 5.8. Rules in SPARQL: SPIN... « : te 156 5.9. Nonmonotonie Rules: Motivation and Syntax... c 158 5.10 Example of Nonmonotonic Rules: Brokered Trade 161 S.11 Rule Markup Language RuleML) = . - 165 5.12 Summary... «+ . ds 168 6 Applications 175 6.1 GoodRelations a . errr 176 62 BBC Artists . . . . ae . 180 63 BBC World Cup 2010 Website ee . 182 64 Government Data —— . ce 185 6.5 New York Times . « ere nee 188 6.6 Sig.ma and Sindice . . . . . . 189 6.7 OpenCalais . . « , i ne 190 68 Schemaore . eee - 192 69 Summary 192 7 Ontology Engineering 193 7.1 Introduction an ee 193 72 Constructing Ontologies Manually rn 194 7.3. Reusing Existing Ontologies eer , 198 7.4. Semiautomatic Ontology Acquisition rr 201 7.5 Ontology Mapping . . . . - : 205 7.6 Exposing Relational Databases a wees 208 7.7 Semantic Web Application Architecture even eee 210 8 Conclusion 21 8.1, Principles . . ere . 22 8.2. Where Next? ' eer - 224CONTENTS A XML Basics Al AQ AB A4 AS Index ‘The XML Language Structuring Namespaces . Addressing and Queryi Processing jing XML Documents. 227 227 233 248 251 257 266