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Terrence Cook
Professor Padgett
English 102
20 October 2016
Ride Sharing Has Everyone Caring:
An Annotated Bibliography
Inquiry: Should ride-hailing services be given restrictions similar to those of taxis?
Proposed Thesis: I argue that restrictions must be put into place in order to avoid the negative
legal impacts, as well as the unfair economic and social implications that ride-hailing services
bring along.

Intro
Since the introduction of Uber in 2009, ride-hailing services grown significantly. These services
have become very popular among the younger generations and popular in city and urban areas.
Some people are already aware but the easy to access ride comes with some overlooked issues.
Restrictions like insurance requirements, handicap access, and rate restrictions are in place for
taxis but not currently applicable to ride-hailing services.

With the added convenience for users, ride-hailing services have created a very competitive and
challenging situation for transportation services like taxi companies. With less restriction and
added convenience it is hard for taxi companies to compete with the growing and unregulated
ride-hailing services. Many taxi drivers are quitting and taxi companies are closing due to the
lack of profit as a result of this competition.

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41 Iowa J. Corp. L. 727. (Spring, 2016): 15831 words. LexisNexis Academic. Web. Date
Accessed: 2016/10/18.
The Journal of Corporation Law focuses mainly on how and why ride-hailing services need to be
regulated. Specifically, they state the dangers of not regulating the services as, First, no
extensive safeguards ensure consumer protection. Second, allowing a similar industry to operate
unregulated while holding another responsible for pages of regulations violates anticompetitive
policy. Finally, predatory pricing threatens to drive out established businesses that do provide
protections for consumers (745). This scholarly reviewed journal is a credible source to provide
unbiased information based on the fact that multiple scholars had a role in its review before
publication. Also its publication was in the spring of 2016 so the information is very relevant to
the current day ride-hailing trends. While the commonly used word choice of unfair leads one
to believe the journal is slightly biased in favor of regulation, this journal still provides strong
support and suits my project very well by providing numerical and legal reasoning that can be
used to argue my point of view.

Abt, Clark C. "The Social Costs of Uber." Social Indicators Research2.2 (1975): 175-90. The
University of Chicago Law Review. The University of Chicago. Web.
<https://lawreview.uchicago.edu/page/social-costs-uber>.
This law review from the University of Chicago focuses mainly on the issues surrounding the
idea of not regulating ride-hailing services. The dangers concerning both the drivers and
passengers are addressed, more specifically and thoroughly than the other articles. The article
addresses specific issues like how Uber is extremely aggressive toward competitors and seems
to disregard the law when convenient (87), and then how this presents an issue to consumers

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and employees. Being a scholarly article the information provided is credible and minimally
biased because of the peer review process that comes with a scholarly article. The 2015 release
provides time relevant information. This is valuable to my project because it specifically
addresses the issues of privacy, safety, and discrimination specifically.

Rauch, Daniel E.; Schleicher, David. "Like Uber, but for Local Government Law: The Future of
Local Regulation of the Sharing Economy." Ohio State Law Journal 76.4 (2015): 901964.
This peer reviewed Law Journal focuses mainly on how to regulate the ride-sharing economy on
a local governmental level. They share reasoning for pushing regulation and describes how
Uber enjoys an unfair advantage because it need not medallions or comply with consumer
protection or pricing regulations [like taxi companies] (904). So by being a peer-reviewed law
journal it can be seen as a credible and unbiased source. Also since the journal was released in
2015 it is relevant to the world today and contains information that is relatively up to date. This
is relevant to my argument because it provides support, through factual based evidence, for why
the services need to be regulated.

"Uber expansion meets global revolt and crackdown; Cities around the world are banning Uber
because of its lack of safety measures and knowledge, while licensed cabbies protest at
the unfair competition." The Guardian. (July 3, 2015 Friday 12:52 PM GMT): 927 words.
LexisNexis Academic. Web. Date Accessed: 2016/10/18.
The article is centered around the backlash that ride-hailing services have received in many
different cities and the reasoning behind the reactions. They support the claim of cities fighting

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ride-hailing service by showing ten different specific examples of cities who have actively driven
the services out. Many of the cities outright made Uber illegal and In some of the most violent
protests against Uber, 3,000 taxi drivers this week blocked main roads in Paris, including routes
to airports, and burnt tyres (1). The Guardian is a newspaper and can be viewed as a credible
and unbiased source because of its consistent release of correctly informed and factually based
articles. The article was published in July of 2015 so ride-hailing services were a popular topic of
the time and it was relevant to the audience. This suits my project well because it addresses the
results of regulating ride-hailing services and how cities have been able to successfully regulate
them.

"Uber runs into trouble with governments all over the world." The Economic Times. (August 28,
2016 Sunday): 2317 words. LexisNexis Academic. Web. Date Accessed: 2016/10/18.
The Economic Times article focuses mainly on the previous successful interactions between the
government and ride-hailing services, specifically Uber. They mainly describe how The
regulatory framework has been evolving (1), since Uber came to be. The article comes from
The Economic Times which is a credible and known source to release consistently minimally
biased work. The article is very current because of its August 2016 release. It suits my project
very well because it offers working examples of the existing regulations like establishing a new
category called Transportation Network Company, ride-sharing companies like Uber were
mandated to obtain a license, conduct criminal background checks on drivers, set up a drivertraining program and offer a commercial insurance policy coverage of $1 million per incident
(1).

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Wallsten, Scott. "The competitive effects of the sharing economy: how is Uber changing
taxis?." Technology Policy Institute (2015).
This article pinpoints the idea of how ride-hailing services are impacting and competing with
other industries. For example, it describes how The rapid growth of ride-sharing has upended
the taxicab industry, (2). The Technology Policy Institute as a source is peer-reviewed and
therefore credible and minimally biased. The 2015 release allows one to know that the
information is up to date and relevant in talking about the current ride-hailing situation. This
relates to my project because the information about the competition leads perfectly into the
reasoning for why regulation is necessary.