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Notebook #12 Revisions


Notebook #12
1J Target Angle

2) Electron Beam Size


3) Actual Focal-Spot Size
4) Effective Focal-Spot Size
5) Heel

5) Central Axis
7) Collimator
B) Anode Side
9) Cathode Side
10) Relative Intensity

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Line Focus Principle: It is the angle of the target. It allows for a larger actual focal spot.
With a smaller effective focal spot, there is more heat capacity with a better resolution. The
advantages are that it improves spatial resolution and improves target heat capacity. The
disadvantages are the Heel effect, uneven radiation intensity in the primary beam, and
more intensity on the cathode side.
Anode Heel Effect Photons on the heel side travel through more target material, which
results in a higher chance a photon will be absorbed by the target. This results in less
intensity on the anode side. The magnitude of influence of the heel effect depends on anode
angle, size of film, and focus to film distance. Anode aging increases heel effect. It is used to
even-out density when imaging anatomy of uneven part thickness, including feet thoracic
spines, and chest. Place the cathode side of the tube over the thicker body part because it
has more intensity. Some photons get absorbed in the anode heel. It is a trap for photons
and they get slowed down. The anode heel is always present, and can be used for good.

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