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WorksheetforCharacterizingExtrasolarPlanets

Part1:Effectsoftheorbitonthegraph
YourGSIwillassignyourgrouponeofthethreefollowingsetsofgraphsshowingtheeffectsof
eccentricity,semimajoraxis,andplanetmassontheRVgraph.Circletheoneyoureassigned,andnote
thepagenumberhere:_______

Lookatthegraphsonyoupageandanswerthequestionatthebottomofthepage.Payattentiontoboth
theshapeofthecurveandtheamountofscatterofthedata.Whileyoureworking,yourGSIwillhand
outapageofdataaboutarealstar.Fillintheinformationforthefirst2questionsinpart2,andtakea
lookattheRVandtransitgraphsforyourealstar.

YourGSIwillcalloneachgrouptodescribetheeffectsonthegraph.Compareyourrealstargraphsto
whattheothergroupstellyouaboutthevariouseffectsonthegraphtoseewhatyoucandetermineabout
theorbitoftherealstar.

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Effects of eccentricity
Hereare3graphsofsimilarsystems(1Msunstarand1Mjupiterplanetorbitingat1AU),butwith
eccentricitiesof0.2,0.5and0.8.Allgraphsarefromalongitudeof0,whichmeansEarthisalignedwith
theplanetsminoraxis(seesketches,totherightofthegraphs.)

e=0.2(nearlycircular)

e=0.5(similartothesketchabove)

e=0.8(fairlyflat)

Howdoeseccentricityaffectthevelocitycurve?

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Effects of semimajor axis


Hereare3moregraphsofsimilarsystems(1Msunstarand1Mjupplanet),withaneccentricityof
0.5andsemimajoraxesof0.5AU,2AU,and10AU.

a=0.5AUPeriod=129days

a=2AUPeriod=1030days

a=10AUPeriod=11500days

Howdoesthesemimajoraxisaffectthevelocitycurve?

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Effects of planet mass


Hereare3moregraphsofsimilarsystems(1Msunstarwithaplanetorbitingat1AU),withan
eccentricityof0.4butthistime,themassoftheplanetis0.1MJup,2MJupand10MJup.
M=0.1MJup

M=2MJup

M=10MJup

Howdoestheplanetmassaffectthevelocitycurve?

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Part2:realdata
1. YourGSIwillassignyouarealplanet.Noteitsname_________
2. Informationaboutthestarisonther adialvelocitygraph.Recordthefollowinginformation
(dontforgetunits):
a. Starname:____________________________
b. Starmass:________
c. Starradius:_____
3. SketchtheshapeoftheRVcurve.Whatcanyousayabouttheplanetanditsorbitbasedonthe
RVgraph?

4. Determinetheperiodandamplitudeofthevelocitycurve:__________,____________
5. Lookatthetransitdata.
a. Howlongdoesthetransittake?Dontforgetunitsandshowyourwork:

b. Whatisthemaximumfluxormagnitude:

c. Whatistheminimumfluxormagnitude:

Youlldotherestoftheanalysisintheconcludingquestions

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ConcludingQuestions:

1. Determinethesemimajoraxis.Showyourwork,anddontforgetunits.__________

2. Findthevelocityoftheplanet.Showyourwork,anddontforgetunits.______

3. Findthemassoftheplanet.Showyourwork,anddontforgetunits.

4. Convertthemassoftheplanettothefollowinggrams.Showyourwork,andusescientific
notationwhenappropriate.
a. m=________grams

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5. ThemassofJupiteris1.899x1030grams.
ThemassofEarthis5.972x1027grams.
Istheplanet
biggerorsmallerinmassthanJupiter?Byhowmuch(ratio)?Isitbiggerorsmallerinmassthan
Earth?Byhowmuch(ratio)?

6. Findthediameteroftheplanet.Showyourwork,anddontforgetunits.

7. Convertthediameteroftheplanettocentimeters.Showyourwork,andusescientificnotation
whenappropriate.
a. D=__________cm

8. ThediameterofJupiteris1.398x1010cm.ThediameterofEarthis1.274x109cm.Istheplanet
biggerorsmalleraroundthanJupiter?Byhowmuch(ratio)?Isitbiggerorsmalleraroundthan
Earth?Byhowmuch(ratio)?

9. Compareyourplanetdiameterandmasses.Dotheymakesense?E.g.Planetscantbemore
massivethanthestarstheyorbititwouldntmakesensetohaveaplanetwithamasscloseto
JupiterbutadiameterclosetoEarth.Ifyouranswersdontmakesense,checkwithyour
neighborsorGSItofindoutwhatswrong.

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10. Whatistheunitofdensityusedinthetableofdensitiesintheintroduction?__________
Calculatethedensityoftheplanetinthoseunits.showyourwork.

11. IsthislikelytobeaterrestrialorJovianplanet?Why?

LastupdatedbySAM.Original:SAM,Bell
CopyrightRegentsoftheUniversityofMichigan.
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